.69 caliber, 42" barrel secured by three barrel bands, S/N W/a88 . National Armory brown finish, color case hardened lock with removable brass pan, smooth walnut stock. Lock marked with a [spread-winged eagle]/ US forward of the hammer and in three lines vertically at the tail of the lock SPRING/FIELD/1829 . Tang dated 1829 as well. Breech with depressed P proof over [eagle head]/ V . Serial numbered W/a 88 on top of breech, with bayonet mating code D35 on upper strap of top barrel band. Stock marked with two fine cartouches on counterpane; a script ET inspection and a script EB/3 reclassification mark from the 1840s. A fine JS final inspection cartouche is present behind the triggerguard. Lock remains in original flint configuration with perfect fit internally, matching V assembly marks on internal parts and hammer, inspection marks throughout. Tumbler, bridle, sear and internal screws all retain the majority of their original brilliant heat blued finish, with the frizzen spring retaining much of the blue as well, although duller and faded. Barrel is in original flint configuration as well with a complete unmolested touchhole that is correctly tapered and angled. Retains both original sling swivels as well as the original, full-length button head ramrod. Really a stunning example of a National Armory brown US M1822 (M1816 Type II) in an outstanding state of preservation that somehow escaped the percussion alteration program of the 1840s and 1850s.

.58 caliber, 40" barrel with three barrel bands, no S/N. Bright barrel, color case hardened lock, blued barrel bands and sight. Lock with standard US SPRINGFIELD markings and eagle, dated 1863 at rear. Barrel with matching date on breech and standard V/P /[eaglehead] proofs. Counterpane with crisp script JG and ESA cartouches. Retains original straight-shank, tulip head ramrod and lower sling swivel, upper swivel missing.

.58 caliber, 33" barrel retained by two brass barrel bands, no S/N. Blued barrel, color case hardened lock, brass furniture. Standard Remington lock markings, dated 1863 . Barrel with matching date, usual V/P/ [eagle head] proofs and marked STEEL . Counterpane with two clear script cartouches, HDJ and BH . Retains both sling swivels, original ramrod and spare cone in patch box. Accompanied by a correct pattern original saber bayonet with correct brass-mounted leather scabbard.

.40 caliber, 31" octagonal barrel with muzzle turned round for bullet starter, retained by a single wedge with hooked breech, no S/N. Browned finish, iron furniture, smooth, straight-gripped walnut half-stock with pewter forend cap. Back action percussion lock marked W.L. HUDSON/MAKER/CIN.O in a three-line cartouche with same marking on top barrel flat behind rear sight. Double set triggers, semi-pistol gripped triggerguard, adjustable tang mounted peep sight, buckhorn barrel rear sight, hooded post front sight. 3.25" long bayonet lug at muzzle, for attachment of a "Bahn Frei"-style saber bayonet. Wood ramrod with brass tip.

William Hudson was a Cincinnati based gun maker works cab1852-1864. This rifle conforms to the style known as "Turner Rifles," sporting arms that had been utilized by members of the various German-American Turnverein (Turner) clubs. These recent German immigrants to America volunteered in large numbers to fight during the American Civil War, often bringing their own target rifles with them when they enlisted. Many of the guns were modified with large bayonet lugs to accept the classic Turner "Bahn Frei" brass-handled saber bayonets. The 9th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, raised in the Cincinnati area, was one of the most storied of these German American regiments to fight during the war and this rifle is likely associated with a member of that unit.

.58 caliber, 40" barrel retained by three barrel bands, no S/N. Bright finish, smooth walnut stock. Lock marked in three lines U.S./COLT'S PT F.A. Mfg Co/HARTFORD Ct and dated 1863 at tail. Breech with matching 1863 date, V/P/[eagle head] proofs and left flat marked STEEL and with inspector initials EF . Counterpane with two excellent DAP and JT cartouches, top of comb with clear MMJ sub-inspection. Small letter sub-inspections throughout on the metal parts. Correct 1861 pattern rear sight, musket front sight/bayonet lug. Correct straight-shank ramrod, sling swivels, added Enfield pattern cone protector. A really wonderful example of a mid-war produced US M1861 Special Model musket from one of the most iconic of US arms makers.

.36 caliber, 7.5" barrel, S/N 316USG. Blue finish with case colored frame and loading lever, silver-plated grip straps. Walnut display case with powder flask, bullet mold, cap box, and key.

.62 caliber, 12" barrel, no S/N. Bright finish, brass furniture, walnut stock and detachable buttstock. Standard Springfield markings on lock, dated 1856 at tail. Standard proof marks on breech, dated 1855 on tang. Correct pattern folding L-shaped rear sight, swivel ramrod. Butt cap mating numbered 3 , buttstock mating numbered 16 . Sling swivels on barrel band and in toe of stock, sling ring in butt cap.

29.75" slightly curved blade with 18.5" fuller. 5.5" gilt brass guard with foliate motifs. Leather covered grooved wood grip with 12 wraps of twisted brass wire. Blade with frosty engraving of foliate scrolls and patriotic motifs, with UNITED STATES MARINES on the obverse and reverse. Reverse ricasso marked 372 / TRADE / CONQUER / MARK / N.S. MEYER, INC / WEST GERMANY . Brass-mounted, leather-covered wood scabbard.

32.25" single-edged spear point blade with 20" stopped median fuller. 5.25" hilt with pierced iron half-basket guard with a spread winged American eagle with the motto E Plurius Unum in ribbons above its head. Shagreen-wrapped grooved wood grips with 7 wraps of triple brass wire, the middle of the three ring twisted. Blade with frosty etched panels with a large US on the reverse with foliate bookends, and foliate scrolls near the ricasso. Reverse ricasso marked W CLAUBERG SOLINGEN in an oval around their logo. Obverse ricasso with brass "PROVED" disc and spine etched IRON PROOF . Obverse of blade with foliate scrolls near ricasso and a large spread-winged American Eagle central panel, again with the E Pluribus Unum cotton in ribbons. Iron backstrap of hilt engraved in two script lines: Presented to Lieut. K. D. Cheny / by Members Hartford City Guard 1866 . Includes correct pattern metal scabbard with two suspension rings. A search of both the Historical Data Systems and Fold3 databases could not locate a "K.D. Cheny." Further research may prove fruitful.

31.25" slightly curved, single-edged blade with 22.5" stopped median fuller and narrow 22.5" fuller along spine. 5.5" gilt brass hilt with open work foliate patterns and cast US in guard. Pommel cap with brass spanner capstan nut. Leather covered grooved wood grip with 14 wraps of triple strand wire, the middle wire being coiled. Etched blade with foliate scrolls, patriotic and martial themes, E Pluribus Unum in a ribbon on the obverse and US on the reverse. Sword is accompanied by a brass mounted leather scabbard with two suspension rings that is seamed up the middle of the rear.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 371528 . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1873 marked breech bock. Illegible shadow of a cartouche on reverse of stock and a very weak [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, grooved trigger, 3-click tumbler. Buffington rear sight, cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 207906* . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield early lock markings with 1873 date and barrel proofs, 1873 marked breech bock, script SWP/1882 cartouche on reverse of stock and [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, smooth trigger, 3-click tumbler. 1879 buckhorn rear sight, dished-face, jag-head cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor. The "star" marked trapdoor rifles and carbines were assembled for issue to state militias using a combination of older parts from returned arms and newly produced parts.

.50-70 caliber, 29.625" barrel (32.5" to breech face) secured by two bands, S/N 2016 . Bright and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield musket lock markings, dated 1863 at the rear, serial number on left side of breech block and barrel. Breech block dated 1870 over [eagle head] / [crossed arrows] / US . Script ESA cartouche on counterpane. Rack numbered 11/44 in obverse stock and 11 on comb. Long range leaf rear sight, combination musket type front sight/bayonet lug, correct cleaning rod, no sling swivels.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 5586 . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard early Springfield lock markings with 1873 date and no barrel proofs. Early 1873 breech bock mark with crossed arrows. Long comb, thick wrist replacement stock, high arch breech, smooth trigger, 2-click tumbler. Correct 1873 pattern rear sight, musket front sight/bayonet lug, retains both sling swivels and stacking swivel, jag head cleaning rod with flat face. Solid buttplate without trapdoor or implement compartment. A very early production M1873 Rifle with a later arsenal replacement stock.

.45-70, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 201845 . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1873 marked breech bock, script SWP/1882 cartouche on reverse of stock and [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, smooth trigger, 3-click tumbler. 1879 buckhorn rear sight, correct cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor.

.45-70 caliber, 22" barrel with single barrel band, S/Nn 452197 . Blued and color casehardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield trapdoor lock markings, 1884 breech block markings, standard barrel proofs. Legible SWP/1889 cartouche opposite lock and clear [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, 3-click tumbler, grooved trigger. Correct Buffington rear sight marked "C," pinned blade front sight, sling bar and ring, trapdoor in butt but no cleaning rods.

.45-70 caliber, 22" barrel with single barrel band, S/N 281981 . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield trapdoor lock markings, 1884 breech block markings, standard barrel proofs. Clear SWP/1889 cartouche opposite lock and clear [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, 3-click tumbler, grooved trigger. Buffington rear sight marked " XC " for use on the 1886 Experimental Carbine, pinned blade front sight, sling bar and ring, trapdoor in butt with no accessories. An interesting composite Trapdoor carbine with a receiver numbered at the very end of the M1879 range/beginning of the M1884 range, but certainly too early for an 1889 cartouche and with a rare XC marked sight.

.45-70 caliber, 29.5" barrel, S/N 83321 . Blued and color case hardened finish, walnut stock with two barrel bands. Standard three-line M1873 breech block markings, weak ESA over date cartouche in an oval and weak [circle]- P proof behind triggerguard. High-arch breech, narrow receiver, three-click tumbler. Stock with long, thin wrist and ;short comb, solid buttplate without trapdoor. Stepped base rear sight correctly marked " R ." Stacking swivel only, no sling swivels. Retains correct pattern jag-head cleaning rod. Rack numbered " 135 " twice on reverse butt in red paint and once stamped into the stock comb, forward of the buttplate.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 364210 . Blued and color case hardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1884 marked breech bock, clear SWP/1886 cartouche on reverse of stock and fine [circle]-P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, grooved trigger, 3-click tumbler. Correct Buffington rear sight, correct cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor. Includes a M1887 sling.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 146902* . Blued and color casehardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard early Springfield lock marking, dated 1873 and standard barrel proofs, 1873 marked breech bock, visible SWP/1880 cartouche on reverse of stock and legible [circle]-P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, smooth trigger, 3-click tumbler. M1879 buckhorn rear sight, flat-face, jag-head cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor. These "star marked" Trapdoor rifles and carbines were assembled from a combination of old and newly made parts for issue to the various state militias during the early 1880s.

.45-70 caliber, 29.5" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 428532 . Blued and color casehardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1884 marked breech bock. No cartouche or [circle]-P marks present. Low arch breech, grooved trigger, 3-click tumbler. Buffington rear sight, recessed tip jag-head cleaning rod with swelled, notched shank, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor. In all ways this rifle conforms correctly to a Type II M1884 Cadet Rifle with no cartouches present, suggesting an arsenal replacement stock.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 477314 . Blued and color casehardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1884 marked breech bock, clear SWP/1889 cartouche on reverse of stock and fine [circle]-P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, grooved trigger, 3-click tumbler. Correct Buffington rear sight, correct cleaning rod, retains stacking and both sling swivels, solid buttplate without trapdoor. An outstanding example of a US M1884 rifle.

.45-70 caliber, 32.625" barrel with two barrel bands, S/N 561347 . Blued and color casehardened finish, smooth walnut stock. Standard Springfield lock markings and barrel proofs, 1884 marked breech bock, fine SWP/1893 cartouche on reverse of stock and crisp [circle]-P proof behind triggerguard. Low arch breech, grooved trigger, 3-click tumbler. Correct Buffington rear sight, hooded front sight, correct rod bayonet, retains stacking and both sling swivels. Buttplate with trapdoor covering implement compartment, which is empty. One of the last of the last Trapdoor rifles to be produced from the last year of production.

.45-70 caliber, 24" round barrel, S/N 340171 . Blued and color case hardened finish, walnut stock. Standard Trapdoor lock markings, 1873 marked low arch breech block. V/P/[eagle head] inspection and P proof at breech. No visible cartouche at wrist or [circle]-P proof behind triggerguard. Correct " XC " marked Buffington rear sight, pinned front sight without hood, correct wrap-around sling swivel on upper band with sling swivel in toe. Sling bar and ring. 3-click tumbler, grooved trigger. No cleaning rods in butt trap. An interesting example of a scarce "Experimental Carbine" with an 1873 marked breech block.