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REV WAR BRITISH IDed WATER COLOR 2ND REGT DRAGOONS

Lot #1 (Sale Order 1 of 952)

Original Watercolor of John Donaldson Esq. Major in His Majesties 2nd Reg mt of Dragoons Commanded by His Grace the Duke of Kingston. Born May 1st 1717 deceased Jan. 26 1769. The artwork dates to the early 19th Century and measures 16 X 13 inches. War of the Austrian Succession During the 1740 to 1748 War of the Austrian Succession, 'British' forces served on behalf of Hanover until 1744. The Scots Greys transferred to Flanders in 1742 and garrisoned the area around Ghent. The regiment fought at Dettingen in June 1743, now chiefly remembered as the last time a British monarch commanded troops in battle. An attempt by the Allies to relieve Tournai led to the May 1745 Battle of Fontenoy; this featured a series of bloody frontal assaults by the infantry and the cavalry played little part, with the exception of covering the retreat. When the 1745 Rising began in July many British units were recalled to Scotland but the regiment remained in Flanders, fighting at the Battle of Rocoux on 11 October 1746, a French tactical victory. After Culloden, Cumberland and other British units returned to the Low Countries, in preparation for the 1747 campaign. The French won another tactical victory at Lauffeld on 2 July, where the Scots Greys took part in Ligonier's charge, one of the best known cavalry actions in British military history. This enabled the rest of the army to withdraw but Ligonier was taken prisoner and the Scots Greys lost nearly 40% of their strength. By the time it was back to full strength, the 1748 Peace of Aix-la-Chappelle ended the war and the Scots Greys returned to Britain. Seven Years' War The Scots Greys passed the seven years between the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle and the start of the Seven Years' War moving from station to station within Great Britain. The years passed relatively uneventfully for the regiment. The major development during this period was the addition of a light company to the Scots Greys in 1755. However, soon after the light company was raised, with Britain entering into the Seven Years' War, it was detached from the Scots Greys and combined with the light companies of other cavalry regiments to form a temporary, separate light battalion. This light battalion would be employed raiding the French coast. One of the most notable raids was the attack on St. Malo from the 5 to 7 June 1758. The raid resulted in the destruction of the shipping at St. Malo. by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. Assigned to the cavalry under the command of Lord George Sackville, the Scots Greys arrived in Germany in 1758. The following year, the Scots Greys took part in the Battle of Bergen on 13 April 1759. There, the forces of Britain, Hanover, Brunswick, and Hesse-Kassel were defeated, leaving the cavalry, including the Scots Greys, to cover the retreat. Because of the rear-guard action by the British cavalry, the army was able to survive to fight again later that year near Minden. Reeling after the defeat at Bergen, the British army and its allies reformed and engaged in a series of manoeuvres with the French armies. Eventually, the two forces collided on 1 August 1759 at the Battle of Minden. The Scots Greys, still part of Sackville's command, were held back due to Sackville's delay. Eventually, while Sackville consulted with his superiors, his deputy, on his own initiative, finally ordered the Scots Greys and the rest of the cavalry forward. However, when Sackville returned, he countermanded the order and the cavalry held its place. Once the battle appeared won, with the French retreating, the Scots Greys and the rest of the cavalry pressed the pursuit of the retreating French army. With Sackville sacked as commander of the British cavalry on the continent and court-martialed for his actions at Minden, the Scots Greys and the rest of the British cavalry came under the command of Marquess of Granby. The following year, 1760, saw the British cavalry more aggressively led at the Battle of Warburg. There, on 31 July 1760, the Scots Greys participated in Granby's charge, which broke the French left flank and then defeated the counter-charge of the French cavalry. Three weeks later, the Scots Greys, along with the Inniskilling Dragoons, met with the rearguard of the French forces near the town of Zierenberg. There the dragoons, supported by some British grenadiers, encountered a French cavalry force covering the retreat. Two squadrons of the Scots Greys charged four squadrons of French cavalry. The Scots Greys and Inniskillings routed the French, sending them in a disorderly retreat into the town of Zierenberg. Soon after, infantry was brought up to storm the town; the town and the survivors of the Scots Greys' attack were captured. The Scots Greys began the following year by conducting patrols and skirmishing with French troops. Eventually, the Scots Greys were with the main army under Brunswick at the Battle of Villinghausen on 15–16 July 1761.

118th CENTURY BRITISH 54th UNIFORM BUTTON WAR 1812

Lot #1a (Sale Order 2 of 952)

Revolutionary War or War of 1812 uniform button, marked with the royal Crown and the number "54" - has oxidized appearance, and straight shank button. British military uniforms used these regimental buttons on their redcoats to signify which unit the wear belonged to before they wore flashes and patches. Very Good

EARLY ENGLISH CIVIL WAR CAVALRY ZISCHAGGE HELMET

Lot #1b (Sale Order 3 of 952)

This helmet was widely used during the Thirty Years War and English Civil War and was commonly known as a 'Zischagge' in Germany and a 'horseman's pot' or 'three-barred pot' in Britain. The term 'lobster-tailed pot' is widely used in modern scholarship. It was used by cavalry on both sides of the English Civil War including Oliver Cromwell's Ironside cavalry. The common misconception of Cavaliers wearing plumed wide-brimmed hats whilst the Roundheads wore helmets is eloquently disproved by a surviving order signed by Charles I himself for 33 'potts', along with other cavalry armour, for the use of his own troop of horse in 1642. Another order, this time from the Parliamentarian authorities, dating to 1644 for 300 "potts with three barres English" indicates that each helmet, no doubt of basic quality. This English Civil War Cavalry Helmet is made of steel and features an articulated tail to protect the neck, hinged cheek pieces and a tilting visor with 3 bars to protect the face from sword slashes.

CIVIL WAR ID'ED CAPTAIN STRAPS INSIGNIA BUTTONS

Lot #2 (Sale Order 4 of 952)

Civil War insignia of Captain Levi W. Metcalf of the 8th Maine Infantry and 33rd United States Colored Troops USCT. These artifacts came directly from the family. There are two sets of Captain shoulder straps, both cut from the uniform and both sets in excellent condition. Accompanying these historical sets of insignia is a brown inked tag that reads Epaulets worn by your father in the Civil War Capt. in the 33r U.S.C.T. Also in the grouping are 7 buttons removed from his frock coat. Levi W. Metcalf Residence Turner ME; 36 years old. Enlisted on 9/7/1861 as a Sergeant. On 9/7/1861 he mustered into "C" Co. ME 8th Infantry He was discharged for promotion on 1/31/1863 On 1/31/1863 he was commissioned into "G" Co. US CT 33rd Infantry He was Mustered Out on 1/31/1866 Promotions: * 1st Sergt (1862) * Capt 6/15/1863 (As of Co. G 33rd USCT Infantry) Other Information: born in 1831 Member of GAR Post # 40 (General H. G. Berry) in Malden, MA died 8/9/1913 Eighth Infantry.--Cols., Lee Strickland, John D. Rust, Henry Boynton, William M. McArthur; Lieut.-Cols., John D. Rust, Ephraim W. Woodman, Joseph F. Twitchell, John Hemingway, Henry Boynton, William M. McArthur, Edward A. True; Majs., Joseph S. Rice, Ephraim W. Woodman, Joseph F. Twitchell, John Hemingway, Henry Boynton, William M. McArthur, Edward A. True. This regiment made up of companies from different parts of the state, and was organized at Augusta, Sept. 7, 1861, to serve three years. It entered the service with 770 enlisted men, and in bravery and efficiency was excelled by few, if any regiments in the service. It left the state Sept. 10, for Hempstead, Long Island, N. Y., and subsequently for Fortress Monroe, Va., where it formed a part of Gen. T. W. Sherman's expedition to Port Royal, S. C., which sailed on Oct. 29, and landed at Hilton Head Nov. 8, 1861. For several months the men were engaged in throwing up breastworks and building fortifications. On May 1, 1862, they moved to Tybee Island in the Savannah river, and took a prominent part in the attack on and capture of Fort Pulaski, one of the defenses of Savannah. From this time until the spring of 1864, the regiment was employed for the most part in doing guard duty at Hilton Head and Beaufort, S. C., and at Jacksonville, Fla. It suffered much sickness as the result of the exposures of the spring campaign in 1862, and from diseases contracted in a southern climate. In Nov., 1862, about 300 well drilled and disciplined recruits were sent to the regiment from Maine. In Nov., 1863, while at Beaufort, S. C., its ranks were again replenished by the addition of nearly 200 drafted men, who proved excellent soldiers. In March, 1864, 16 officers and 330 enlisted men, who had reenlisted for a term of three years, received a furlough of 35 days and returned to their homes. In April, 1864, the 8th was transferred to the Department of Virginia, and on May 4, moved to Bermuda Hundred, where it took part in all the active operations of the Army of the James. Sixty veterans, whose term of service had expired, returned to the state, and were mustered out of service on Sept. 15, 1864. The regiment was still large enough, however, to retain its organization as many men had reenlisted and it had received 570 recruits. Until the surrender of Lee at Appomattox, it was engaged in numerous skirmishes and arduous picket and guard duties, and took part in the following important engagements: Drewry's Bluff, losing 96 men, killed, wounded and prisoners; Cold Harbor, where it lost 79 men; the operations before Petersburg, losing 50 men; Chaffin's Farm; Fair Oaks, where it again lost heavily, Spring Hill; capture of Forts Gregg and Baldwin, Rice's Station and Appomattox Court House. After Lee's surrender, it was at Richmond until Aug., 1865, at Manchester until the following November, and at Fortress Monroe until Jan. 18, 1866, when the men were mustered out and proceeded to Augusta, Me., where they were paid and finally discharged. 33rd Regiment, United States Colored Infantry OVERVIEW: Organized February 8, 1864, from 1st South Carolina Colored Infantry. Attached to U. S. Forces, Port Royal Island, S. C., 10th Corps, Dept. of the South, to April, 1864. District of Beaufort, S. C., Dept. of the South, to July, 1864. Folly Island, S. C., Northern District, Dept. of the South, to October, 1864. 1st Separate Brigade, Dept. of the South, to March, 1865. District of Savannah, Ga., and Dept. of the South, to January, 1866. SERVICE: -Duty at Port Royal Island, S. C., District of Beaufort, S. C., till July, 1864. Expedition to James Island, S. C., June 30-July 10. James Island near Secessionville July 2. Duty on Folly and Morris Islands operating against Charleston, S. C., to November. Demonstration on Charleston & Savannah Railroad, December 6-9. Devaux's Neck December 6. Tillifinny Station December 9. Ordered to Folly Island December 9. Near Pocotaligo Road December 20.

INDIAN WARS NEW YORK MILITIA TAIL COAT COATEE

Lot #2a (Sale Order 5 of 952)

Original 1870s-1880s New York National Guard uniform jacket or Coatee. This is a blue double-breasted tail coat featuring three rows of eight wreathed NG buttons on the front (some missing). The 1 ¼” high collar bears bullion embroidery. Shoulders have remnants of tabs for shoulder boards. Each cuff has four “NG” cuff buttons seated within raised gold bullion “ribbons” which in turn are sewn upon a buff colored scalloped base. The back splits into two narrow tails. Two large “NG” buttons are positioned at the waist above the split. A four-cuff-button ornament similar to that on the sleeves is found on each tail. The tails themselves are decorated to appear as older-style “gathered” tails. Here that appearance is achieved by buff-colored cloth piped in blue that is sewn on the tails in such a way and ornamented with a bullion “French horn”.The interior body is lined in a brown material that is quilted at the chest. Overall excellent

EARLY 19th C. MILITIA PRESENTATION SWORD ENGRAVED

Lot #3 (Sale Order 6 of 952)

1840-1860 style Militia sword with mother of pearl grips, chain, knight's head pommel, and foliate brass crossguard. Etched blade is unsigned but resembles early Ames militia presentation swords of this style.

INDIAN WARS SKY BLUE OVERCOAT BY BROOKS BROTHERS

Lot #3a (Sale Order 7 of 952)

Indian Wars Officers overcoat in sky blue with New York buttons and manufactured by Brooks Brothers and most likely was for an Artillery Officer due to the partial red wool lining to the inside of the coat and roughly a size 36. . The overcoat is in excellent condition but is missing a few buttons otherwise fine!

CIVIL WAR MEDICAL STAFF OFFICERS SWORD & SCABBARD

Lot #4 (Sale Order 8 of 952)

This imported sword is the classic Civil War style specimen that the Surgeon General and U.S. Medical Department designated as the Medical Staff Sword. Adopted in 1840 and officially known as the Model 1840, this style medical staff sword remained as the regulation weapon for all medical officers of the United States Army for the next 62 years. Most likely a private purchase by a Federal medical officer this imported sword measures a total of 38 1/2” long and has a 31 1/2” long blade. In very good condition, this straight double-edged evenly tapered diamond-shape blade exhibits a profusely decorated floral design etching on both flats. Blade exhibits a semi-bright sheen. Reverse flat shows floral designs. Obverse flat same except for the letters “U.S. Medical Staff”. The ornate hilt is highly detailed cast brass and is in three parts; grip, pommel and guard. Both sides of the grip are cast and show an embossed oval medallion with an American spread winged eagle. The guard consists of two graceful quillons decorated with leaf motifs, in addition to two shield devices, one of the obverse and another on the reverse side of the hilt. The reverse shield is plain with raised borders while the obverse shield bears the letters “M S” (Medical Service) in old English script above sax 5-pointed stars all encircled with laurel leaves. Pommel is pineapple-shaped and secures the tang of the blade. All brass on the sword and scabbard wears a mellow bronze patina overall. Scabbard is straight and free of any damage with plain brass furniture. Excellent

CIVIL WAR IMAGE LOT ARMED AMBROTYPE TINTYPE

Lot #4a (Sale Order 9 of 952)

Civil War image to include 1) Rose Ambrotype of a standing Federal soldier armed with a Springfield rifle and also a 40 round cartridge box and sling measuring 3 1/4 X 4 1/4. Good. 2) tintype image measuring 3 3/4 X 2 1/2 inches of another Federal soldier wearing a mounted sky blue overcoat and kepi. Very Good.

CIVIL WAR 1/6 TINTYPE 3 UNION SOLDIERS w/ CASE

Lot #4b (Sale Order 10 of 952)

Original 1/6th plate tintype of 3 Union soldiers. All 3 are wearing uniforms with kepis, and the man on the right has a M1839 US belt plate. The brass matte is patriotic with flags, a war ship and a cannon with drum and crossed flags. There is light gold tinting to buttons, buckle and watch fob. Nice contrast and clarity. Comes in a full embossed leatherette case that has wear. Very Good

CIVIL WAR 1/6 RUBY AMBROTYPE CAVALRY OFFICER

Lot #4c (Sale Order 11 of 952)

Nice looking original ruby Ambrotype of a officer wearing an early war militia uniform. There is a Hardee hat on the table that has crossed sabers with the letter "R". The image has nice clarity. It is housed in a Littlefield parsons & Co. Union hard case with floral design. The image has some light surface wear but displays well. The case has some general wear. Very Good

LATE 19th CENTURY NCO SWORD & SCABBARD

Lot #5 (Sale Order 12 of 952)

Unsigned sword with brass grip, peened pommel, and clamshell guard - one of which has been folded downward. Similar in style to a Model 1840 NCO sword, with a 28" blade which resembles the blade on a Model 1860 Staff Officer's sword. Leather and brass throated scabbard. 35" overall length. Blade shows light patina and age, scabbard leather is solid and intact while the brass parts show wear and age. Very Good - Excellent

CIVIL WAR USA & CSA FAMILY PHOTOS CDV AND LETTERS

Lot #5a (Sale Order 13 of 952)

Intriguing family archive consisting of 3 Civil War period photographs and two photocopies of letters written during the war. Two ninth plate daguerreotypes in leather cases are identified as Edwin & William Henderson, described as "cousins who fought on opposing sides during the Civil War," and a CDV of Illinois Cavalry captain Jesse Brice, who was also a relative. The CDV is signed on the back and has a cancelled 3 cent postage stamp. The group includes 2 photocopied letters, one written from William Henderson, the Confederate, from Savannah Georgia on August 4, 1861. In the letter to his nephew, he explains his motivations for joining the Confederacy, saying "We are all strong on the Southern Question. I was a strong union man until the North laid aside the constitution and passed laws to suit their own motives. Now I am as strong a disunist." A copy of Edwin Henderson's 4-page letter is dated November 6, 1861, and was written at Springfield, MO. In the letter to his father, he writes about his desire to attack Confederate general Sterling Price, saying that his unit is "getting very anxious to have a brush with him for we think we could tear him to pieces if we could once get hold of him." Accompanying these photocopies is a letter of explanation from the original collector who purchased the photos directly from the family of these soldiers. Excellent

CIVIL WAR NAVY CAMPAIGN MEDAL NUMBERED 1518 ON RIM

Lot #5b (Sale Order 14 of 952)

Nice Civil War Navy Campaign Medal. Split wrap brooch is fully functional. Numbered 1518 on the rim at the six o'clock position. Medal and ribbon are in excellent condition but the hook for the closer has been busted off over time. Excellent. Establishment The medal was first authorized in 1905 for the fortieth anniversary of the Civil War's conclusion. The blue and gray ribbon denotes the respective uniform colors of the U.S. and Confederate troops. The Army Civil War Campaign Medal was established by the United States War Department on January 21, 1907, by General Orders Number 12. To qualify, a soldier had to serve between April 15, 1861, and April 9, 1865. The closing date was extended to August 20, 1866, date of President Johnson's Proclamation ending the war. The corresponding Navy Civil War Medal was established on June 27, 1908, by Navy Department. The obverse of the Army Civil War Campaign Medal displayed an engraved image of Abraham Lincoln while the Navy and Marine Corps versions depicted the USS Monitor and CSS Virginia's battle at Hampton Roads. The reverse has the words "The Civil War 1861-1865" encircled by a wreath. The medal was designed by Francis D. Millet, a noted sculptor who perished on the RMS Titanic in 1912. The medal was struck at the Philadelphia Mint. Civil War Campaign Medal No. 1 was issued to Maj. Gen. Charles F. Humphrey on May 26, 1909. The medal was originally established as a badge, because Congress would not approve a medal due to the costs involved. The War Department was authorized to create badges, so it did. This interest was due in large part to the fact that several senior military officers were veterans of the Civil War. Although some recipients may have worn some form of the ribbon, the monies necessary to mint and issue the medal were not appropriated by Congress until 1956 – 91 years after the war ended. It was this act that provided U.S. government purchase for the medal to all qualified veterans, whether they were on active or inactive duty. In 1918, for those who had been cited for gallantry in action, the Silver Citation Star was authorized as a device to the medal. Only six Citation Stars were awarded. There is a direct relationship between U.S. campaign streamers and the medal that a campaign represents. The streamer represents the unit's participation in a campaign and the medal represents an individual's participation in that campaign (U.S. Army – some differences for the U.S. Navy). When a campaign is established, participating unit's are authorized a streamer and each service member assigned to the unit during that same time is authorized the medal. Sometimes these medals are campaign medals, other times they are service medals, but that streamer/medal relationship normally remains. Units in the U.S. Army that trace their heritage and lineage to the Civil War are entitled to display a battle streamer for the Civil War on their flagpoles. This streamer is half blue and half gray, the color theme of the second ribbon design. Units with Confederate lineage use campaign streamers with the gray edge up and units with Union lineage use campaign streamers with the blue edge up. The campaign lettering requires two distinct sets of streamers for each campaign, one set for each side.

CIVIL WAR MILITIA KNIGHT'S HEAD SWORD BY AMES

Lot #6 (Sale Order 15 of 952)

A high grade sword featuring helmet pommel, bone handle and a cast ferrule and chain guard. The quillon with scrolled finials is integral to down turned cast clamshell guard with high-relief spread-wing eagle. The blade displays etchings of floral patterns and scrolling. The brass scabbard retain both rings and is fairly straight with a few minor door dings. The overall condition is very good (Overall L: 36 1/15", blade L: 31")

INDIAN WARS NEW HAMPSHIRE STATE MILITIA UNIFORM

Lot #6a (Sale Order 16 of 952)

Indian Wars 1880's New Hampshire Volunteer Militia Musician's Tunic and Trousers. This is a five button midnight blue wool sack coat with musicians trim to the chest and cuffs and is also adorned with New Hampshire State seal buttons. Jacket is fully lined in black cotton with white striped sleeve material and considering it's age in excellent condition roughly a size 36. The trousers are also in midnight blue wool with a gold service stripe running down the trousers leg. The trousers are roughly a size 28X30 also in matching condition with a 5 button front and pocket watch to the front.

IROQUOIS SPOONMOUTH FACE MASK ARTIST NAMED

Lot #6b (Sale Order 17 of 952)

Original hand made Spoonmouth Iroquois face mace with white horse hair and bone eyes measuring roughly 12 inches tall with the inscription the reverse SPOONMOUTH MASK ARTIST HON NASKWE SAKON. The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee "People of the Longhouse" are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy in North America. They were known during the colonial years to the French as the Iroquois League, and later as the Iroquois Confederacy, and to the English as the Five Nations, comprising the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, and Seneca. After 1722, they accepted the Tuscarora people from the Southeast into their confederacy, as they were also Iroquoian-speaking, and became known as the Six Nations. The Iroquois have absorbed many other individuals from various peoples into their tribes as a result of warfare, adoption of captives, and by offering shelter to displaced peoples. Culturally, all are considered members of the clans and tribes into which they are adopted by families. The historic St. Lawrence Iroquoians, Wyandot (Huron), Erie, and Susquehannock, all independent peoples, also spoke Iroquoian languages. In the larger sense of linguistic families, they are often considered Iroquoian peoples because of their similar languages and cultures, all descended from the Proto-Iroquoian people and language; politically, however, they were traditional enemies of the Iroquois League. In addition, Cherokee is an Iroquoian language: the Cherokee people are believed to have migrated south from the Great Lakes in ancient times, settling in the backcountry of the Southeast United States, including what is now Tennessee. In 2010, more than 45,000 enrolled Six Nations people lived in Canada, and about 80,000 in the United States

MEXICAN WAR STAFF SWORD w/ INDIAN PRINCESS POMMEL

Lot #7 (Sale Order 18 of 952)

High grade Militia Staff Sword with Indian princess pommel and engraved brass scabbard. The sword has a 31 1/2-inch spear-point thrust blade. The blade is decorated with acid-etched vine foliate. The reverse of the blade is acid etched with vine foliate and a stand of military trophies. The gold-plated brass sword hilt has a cast Indian princess pommel and mother-of-pearl grip slabs cut to accommodate the gilded brass wire wrap. The hilt has a fancy cast knuckle bow. The sword has langets with cast eagles. The gold-plated brass scabbard has a frog stud with cast foliate decorations two suspension rings braised directly to the body and a small integral drag, The obverse side of the scabbard is decorated with well executed oak leaf engraving. Excellent. The blade retains nearly all of the frosted panels with sharp dry needle engraving. Wear is limited to some scattered age deterioration. The mother-of-pearl grip slabs are in very good condition. The wire wrap is tight. The gold-plated brass scabbard is excellent condition. This is an excellent example of a scarce high grade Militia Staff Sword with Indian princess pommels and engraved scabbard

CIVIL WAR MOLLUS MEDAL 34TH OVI PIATT'S ZOUAVES

Lot #7a (Sale Order 19 of 952)

Rare numbered MOLLUS medal 9026 numbered to Surgeon John H. Ayres of the 34th OVI. John H. Ayres Residence was not listed; Enlisted on 1/16/1862 as a Asst Surgeon. On 1/16/1862 he was commissioned into Field & Staff OH 34th Infantry. He was discharged on 2/24/1865 Promotions: * Surgeon 7/30/1862 Organization and service The 34th Ohio Infantry Regiment was raised at Camp Lucas near Cincinnati on September 1, 1861. Most of the recruits came from the western part of the state. After training and drilling, the new regiment moved to Camp Dennison on September 1, and then entrained for the front lines, arriving on September 20 at Camp Enyart on the Kanawha River in western Virginia. It initially served in the forces under George B. McClellan, and then under a variety of generals for the next two years while engaging in several raids and operations in the region. On September 25, 1861, the 34th Ohio won a victory at the Battle of Kanawha Gap near present-day Chapmanville, West Virginia. When the regiment's term of enlistment expired late in 1863, the men voted to re-enlist on December 23. They were part of Crook's Expedition against the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad in early May and fought in the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain on May 9 and later in the Battle of Cove Mountain and in other smaller engagements in the region. The regiment was re-mustered as a veteran regiment on January 19, 1864, and participated in many of the battles of the Valley Campaigns of 1864, including the Battle of Opequon near Winchester, Virginia. The 34th Ohio suffered 10 Officers and 120 enlisted men killed in battle or died from wounds, and 130 enlisted men dead from disease for a total of 260 fatalities. The much depleted regiment was amalgamated with the 36th Ohio Infantry on February 22, 1865. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), or simply as the Loyal Legion is a United States patriotic order, organized April 15, 1865, by officers of the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps of the United States who "had aided in maintaining the honor, integrity, and Supremacy Clause of the national movement" during the American Civil War. It was formed by loyal union military officers in response to rumors from Washington of a conspiracy to destroy the Federal government by assassination of its leaders, in the immediate aftermath of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. They stated their purpose as the cherishing of the memories and associations of the war waged in defense of the unity and indivisibility of the Republic; the strengthening of the ties of fraternal fellowship and sympathy formed by companionship in arms; the relief of the widows and children of dead companions of the order; and the advancement of the general welfare of the soldiers and sailors of the United States. As the original officers died off, the veterans organization became an all-male hereditary society. The modern organization is composed of male descendants of these officers (hereditary members), and others who share the ideals of the Order (associate members), who collectively are considered "Companions". A female auxiliary, Dames of the Loyal Legion of the United States (DOLLUS), was formed in 1899 and accepted as an affiliate in 1915.

MEXICAN WAR BIRGE, PECK CLOCK BATTLE OF MEXICO

Lot #7b (Sale Order 20 of 952)

Scarce late 1840's Birge & peck 3 Tier Clock, featuring a reverse glass painted panel with the Battle of Mexico and a panel with a geometric design. The clock retains most of the paper Birge, Peck & Co. paper label. It also retains the original pendulum. The weights and face door latch are missing. The clock measures about 31" by 15" and has a great look. It is rare to find a clock with a Mexican War theme. General wear and loss. Good-Very Good

PETITION REINSTATE DR. TO PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON

Lot #8 (Sale Order 21 of 952)

Petition, three individual pages joined to form single page (7 1/4 x 33 1/4 in.; 190 x 845 mm). Addressed: "To his Excellency Andrew Johnson President of the United States. We the undersigned members of the Medical Profession of the District of Columbia, respectfully and earnestly request of your Excellency that the disabilities existing in regard to the return of the Doctor Cornelius Boyle, one of our former associates, be removed, or so modified that he may return to the practice of his profession in this community." The petition is then signed by some 52 physicians including all four physicians who was with Abraham Lincoln after he was shot at Petersen House in Washington, D.C. This correspondence related to the release of Dr. Cornelius Boyle, a prominent Washington physician, who left the capital and later became a Confederate intelligence officer. Before the Civil War, Boyle had headed the National Rifles, a pro-Southern militia unit. When war did break out, he set aside his professional practice and offered his services to the state of Virginia, becoming a Major in the Confederate Army. Post commander at Gordonsville, this critical location allowed for him to pass messages quickly to and from the Headquarters of the Army of Northern Virginia, and he quickly became an important Confederate agent. Boyle was part of numerous undercover operations and communications during the Civil War. It has even been suggested that he could have been aware of or played a small role in both Thomas R. Harney's attempt to bomb the White House and John Wilkes Booth's assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. After the war, Boyle's vast properties were seized by the government, and he planned to move and settle in Mexico, though this was never realized. At least four of the signatories to the petition directed to President Johnson (see below) attended President Lincoln at Ford's Theatre or the Petersen House after he was shot by John Wilkes Booth: Albert F. King, Charles H. L. Liebermann, Charles M. Ford,, and Jame C. Hall. Other notable petioners include Dr. Alexander Y. P. Garnett, physician to Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee. Biographical notices of many of the signers can be found in History of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C., 1909).

CIVIL WAR MOLLUS MEDAL 6TH MICHIGAN CAVALRY CAPT.

Lot #8a (Sale Order 22 of 952)

Rare numbered MOLLUS medal 13967 numbered to Captain Jacob O. Probasco of the 6th Michigan Cavalry Residence Lyons MI; 18 years old. Enlisted on 9/8/1862 at Lyons, MI as a Corporal. On 10/11/1862 he mustered into "E" Co. MI 6th Cavalry He was transferred out on 11/17/1865 On 11/17/1865 he transferred into "H" Co. MI 1st Cavalry He was discharged on 6/6/1866 Promotions: * Comm Sergt 3/1/1863 * 2nd Lieut 11/12/1863 * 1st Lieut 5/19/1864 * Capt 12/10/1864 (As of Co. K) Service The 6th Michigan Cavalry was organized at Grand Rapids, Michigan, from May 28 to October 13, 1862, and mustered in October 13, 1862. Among the officers who later joined the regiment as replacements were Thomas W. Custer, who would earn two Medals of Honor while serving with the 6th in the spring of 1865. The regiment was assigned to what became the Michigan Brigade during the early part of the Gettysburg Campaign in June 1863. It saw its first actions under General Custer at the Hanover, Hunterstown, and Gettysburg. Armed with Spencer Repeating Rifles, the 6th provided superior firepower against the lightly armed Confederate cavalry. Sent out to the Old West frontier following the cessation of hostilities in mid-1865, the 6th, commanded by Colonel James H. Kidd and under the overall command of Brigadier General Patrick Connor constructed "Fort Connor" as a supply depot during the Powder River Expeditions of that summer. A detachment of the regiment guarding James A. Sawyers wagon train participated in the Sawyers Fight of August and September, 1865. The regiment was mustered out of service on November 24, 1865. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), or simply as the Loyal Legion is a United States patriotic order, organized April 15, 1865, by officers of the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps of the United States who "had aided in maintaining the honor, integrity, and Supremacy Clause of the national movement" during the American Civil War. It was formed by loyal union military officers in response to rumors from Washington of a conspiracy to destroy the Federal government by assassination of its leaders, in the immediate aftermath of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. They stated their purpose as the cherishing of the memories and associations of the war waged in defense of the unity and indivisibility of the Republic; the strengthening of the ties of fraternal fellowship and sympathy formed by companionship in arms; the relief of the widows and children of dead companions of the order; and the advancement of the general welfare of the soldiers and sailors of the United States. As the original officers died off, the veterans organization became an all-male hereditary society. The modern organization is composed of male descendants of these officers (hereditary members), and others who share the ideals of the Order (associate members), who collectively are considered "Companions". A female auxiliary, Dames of the Loyal Legion of the United States (DOLLUS), was formed in 1899 and accepted as an affiliate in 1915.

CIVIL WAR ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND GOLD CORPS BADGE

Lot #9 (Sale Order 23 of 952)

This fine quality gold (14kt unmarked) Army of the Cumberland badge with the “T” bar pin. The ribbon is unmistakable for wartime use, as most will have the faded look to the red color on the ribbon where it has almost a purplish hue to it. The reverse is hollow. Condition is fine with typical light wear overall. Excellent. History The origin of the Army of the Cumberland dates back to the creation of the Army of the Ohio in November 1861, under the command of Brig. Gen. Robert Anderson. The army fought under the name Army of the Ohio until Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans assumed command of the army and the Department of the Cumberland and changed the name of the combined entity to the Army of the Cumberland. When Rosecrans assumed command, the army and the XIV Corps were the same unit, divided into three "grand divisions" (wings) commanded by Alexander McCook (Right Wing), George H. Thomas (Center), and Thomas L. Crittenden (Left). General Orders No. 168 was the order passed by the Union Army on October 24, 1862, that called for the commissioning the XIV Corps into the Army of the Cumberland. The army's first significant combat under the Cumberland name was at the Battle of Stones River. After the battle the army and XIV Corps were separated. The former Center wing became XIV Corps, the Right wing became XX Corps, and the Left wing became XXI Corps. Rosecrans still retained command of the army. He next led it through the Tullahoma Campaign and at the Battle of Chickamauga, after which the army became besieged at Chattanooga. Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant arrived at Chattanooga. Reinforcements from the Army of the Potomac and the Army of the Tennessee also arrived. Rosecrans had been a popular and respected commander, but because of his defeat at Chickamauga and inability to lift the Confederate siege, Grant chose to replace him with George H. Thomas on October 19, 1863. In the Battles for Chattanooga, Grant had been leery of using the Army of the Cumberland in the main fighting, fearing their morale to be too low after the defeat at Chickamauga. Instead, he used the veterans from the Army of the Potomac, proud of their recent victory at the Battle of Gettysburg, to take Lookout Mountain and planned to use the troops from the Army of the Tennessee, also recent victors at the Siege of Vicksburg, to attack the Confederate right flank on Missionary Ridge. The Army of the Cumberland was given the minor task of seizing the rifle pits at the base of Missionary Ridge. However, once they achieved their objective, four divisions (one led by Philip H. Sheridan) stormed up the ridge and routed the Confederate center. When Grant angrily asked who had ordered those troops up the ridge both Thomas and Gordon Granger, a corps commander in the army, responded they did not know. Granger then replied, "Once those boys get started, all hell can't stop 'em." After Grant's victory at Chattanooga earned him promotion to general-in-chief of the U.S. Army, Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman assumed command of Grant's Military Division of the Mississippi, which controlled all Union armies in the West. He created an "army group" of the Army of the Cumberland, the Army of the Tennessee, and the Army of the Ohio and marched towards Atlanta in May 1864. On the way to Atlanta they fought in many battles and skirmishes including the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. In September, Atlanta fell to Sherman's army group. When Confederate general John B. Hood moved north from Atlanta, Sherman chose not to follow him and instead dispatched some of the Army of the Cumberland (IV Corps and Provisional Detachment) and the Army of the Ohio (XXIII Corps) after him. Thomas finally met Hood at the Battle of Nashville and crushed him, thus bringing to an end any significant military actions for the Army of the Cumberland. Other elements of the Army of the Cumberland (the XIV and XX Corps) marched to the sea and north through the Carolinas with Sherman, under the command of Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum. These forces became the Union's Army of Georgia and participated in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, D.C., before President Andrew Johnson in 1865.

MOLLUS MEDAL GENERAL SEMINOLE MEXICAN & CIVIL WAR

Lot #9a (Sale Order 24 of 952)

Rare numbered MOLLUS medal 612 named reverse and numbered to General Joseph Rowe Smith (1802-1868), graduated from West Point in 1823. He fought in the Florida War (1837-1842) and the Mexican War, where he was brevetted to major for gallantry at Cerro Gordo and to Lt. Colonel at Churubusco, at which latter battle he suffered the severe arm injury from which, he never fully recovered. Brevet appointments were, however, temporary, as Smith well knew. He was indeed recalled to military service in the Civil War, serving as a mustering officer in Michigan. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), or simply as the Loyal Legion is a United States patriotic order, organized April 15, 1865, by officers of the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps of the United States who "had aided in maintaining the honor, integrity, and Supremacy Clause of the national movement" during the American Civil War. It was formed by loyal union military officers in response to rumors from Washington of a conspiracy to destroy the Federal government by assassination of its leaders, in the immediate aftermath of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. They stated their purpose as the cherishing of the memories and associations of the war waged in defense of the unity and indivisibility of the Republic; the strengthening of the ties of fraternal fellowship and sympathy formed by companionship in arms; the relief of the widows and children of dead companions of the order; and the advancement of the general welfare of the soldiers and sailors of the United States. As the original officers died off, the veterans organization became an all-male hereditary society. The modern organization is composed of male descendants of these officers (hereditary members), and others who share the ideals of the Order (associate members), who collectively are considered "Companions". A female auxiliary, Dames of the Loyal Legion of the United States (DOLLUS), was formed in 1899 and accepted as an affiliate in 1915.

CIVIL WAR EM BELT & US PLATE BAYONET & CAP BOX

Lot #9b (Sale Order 25 of 952)

Recently from an Ohio estate this complete belt rig cam in exactly as you see it. After 150 years it's still together. This is a very nice, Civil War U.S. belt and buckle with bayonet with scabbard and cap box. The buckle is US enlisted 1839 belt plate. Shows minimal wear, but a few small dings. Nice patina on face. The belt is brown buff leather, approximately 38” long with brass keeper & three holes. Leather likewise in very good. The bayonet is the standard pattern socket bayonet for the US Model 1861/63 rifle muskets. Bayonet in excellent condition, bright finish, sharp edge, marked “US” on flat of blade also in excellent condition. Finally the cap box in matching excellent condition still retaining wool and pick.

CIVIL WAR OHIO MARKED BELT US FEDERAL BELT PLATE

Lot #9c (Sale Order 26 of 952)

This is a very nice, Civil War U.S. belt and buckle. The buckle is US enlisted 1839 belt plate. Shows minimal wear, but a few small dings. Nice patina on face. The belt is brown buff leather, approximately 38” long with brass & six holes and is marked OHIO. Leather likewise in very good.

CIVIL WAR GAR 62ND PA. REUNION RIBBON GETTYBURG

Lot #9d (Sale Order 27 of 952)

Civil War GAR reunion ribbon lot of the 62nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. Lot consist of 5 ribbons for the years 1895, 1886, 1887, 1902 and finally 1904. All the silk ribbons are in excellent condition. Service The 62nd Pennsylvania Infantry was organized at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania beginning July 4, 1861 and mustered in August 31, 1861 as the 33rd Pennsylvania Regiment for a three year enlistment under the command of Colonel Samuel W. Black. Its designation was changed to 62nd Pennsylvania Infantry on November 18, 1861. The regiment was attached to Morrell's Brigade, Fitz John Porter's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, III Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May 1862. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, V Corps, to July 1864. The 62nd Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out August 15, 1864. Companies L and M were transferred to the 91st Pennsylvania Infantry. Veterans and recruits were transferred to the 155th Pennsylvania Infantry. Detailed service Left Pennsylvania for Washington, D.C., August 31, 1861. Camp near Fort Corcoran, defenses of Washington, D.C., until October 1861, and near Fall's Church, Va., until March 1862. Moved to the Peninsula March 22-24. Reconnaissance to Big Bethel March 30. Howard's Mills, near Cockletown, April 4. Warwick Road April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Hanover Court House May 27. Operations about Hanover Court House May 27-29. Seven Days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26; Gaines's Mill June 27; Savage Station June 29; Turkey Bridge or Malvern Cliff June 30; Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison's Landing until August 16. Movement to Fort Monroe, then to Centreville August 16-28. Second Battle of Bull Run August 30. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Shepherdstown Ford September 19. Blackford's Ford September 19. Reconnaissance to Smithfield October 16-17. Battle of Fredericksburg December 12-15. Expedition to Richard's and Ellis' Fords, Rappahannock River, December 30-31. Burnside's second Campaign, "Mud March," January 20-24, 1863. At Falmouth until April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Middleburg June 19. Upperville June 21. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3. Pursuit of Lee July 5-24. Duty on line of the Rappahannock until October. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Duty at Bealeton Station until May 1864. Rapidan Campaign May 4-June 12. Battle of the Wilderness May 5-7. Laurel Hill May 8. Spotsylvania May 8-12. Spotsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Jericho Ford May 25. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg until July 3. Left front July 3.

CIVIL WAR M1840 MUSICIANS SWORD BY AMES 1862 DATED

Lot #10 (Sale Order 28 of 952)

The model 1840 musician sword was intended for musicians and were ceremonial in purpose, being worn by the musicians during drill and formations. The sword could be used in a fight, but only as a weapon of last resort. Bright blade measures 28 inches long. Nicely marked on ricasso MADE BY / AMES MFG CO. / CHICOPEE / MASS. (banner style) on one side, and U.S. H 1862 on the other. Overall about 39". Very Good

CIVIL WAR US OFFICER SWORD & NAVAL BAYONET

Lot #10a (Sale Order 29 of 952)

1 - Civil War Model 1861 US Naval sword bayonet for the Plymouth percussion rifle. Brass handle, muzzle ring and crossguard. 22" blade, 27.5" overall length. Partially worn mark at the ricasso reads "Collins & Co. Hartford Conn." Leather scabbard has intact brass throat, missing lower half. Shows age on the blade. 2 - Early US bone handled officer's sword. Acid-marked MC Lilley & Co. Columbus OH on one side of the ricasso, stamped with Solingen knight helmet on the other. Has federal shield and eagle at the cross guard and includes original scabbard. 28.5" blade, 34" overall. Scabbard exhibits wear and age and grip is slightly loose. Good - Very Good

CIVIL WAR GENL SHERMAN OHIO TESTIMONIAL DOCUMENT

Lot #10b (Sale Order 30 of 952)

A 1865 contribution certificate to the Sherman Ohio Testimonial. An engraved vignette of Sherman is at the top center with allegorical figures at right and left and a map of Ohio at bottom center. Around Sherman's portrait are the words "Atlanta is Ours and Fairly Won". The $1 contribution of Thomas P. Martz West Cairo Ohio is forever memorialized on this certificate. Mr. Talmadge also signs as Secretary of the sponsoring organization. The document is period framed and displays very well. William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65), receiving recognition for his command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the scorched earth policies he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States. British military theorist and historian B. H. Liddell Hart declared that Sherman was "the first modern general." Born in Ohio to a politically prominent family, Sherman graduated in 1840 from the United States Military Academy at West Point. He interrupted his military career in 1853 to pursue private business ventures, and at the outbreak of the Civil War he was superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy (now Louisiana State University). Sherman distinguished himself at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, before being transferred to the Western Theater. Stationed in Kentucky, his pessimism about the outlook of the war led to a nervous breakdown that required him to be briefly put on leave. He recovered by forging a close partnership with General Ulysses S. Grant. Sherman served under Grant in 1862 and 1863 during the battles of forts Henry and Donelson, the Battle of Shiloh, the campaigns that led to the fall of the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River, as well as the Chattanooga Campaign that culminated with the routing of the Confederate armies in the state of Tennessee. In 1864, Sherman succeeded Grant as the Union commander in the Western Theater. Sherman then led the capture of the strategic city of Atlanta, a military success that contributed to the re-election of President Abraham Lincoln. Sherman's subsequent march through Georgia and the Carolinas involved little fighting but large-scale destruction of cotton plantations and other infrastructure, a systematic policy intended to undermine the ability and willingness of the Confederacy to continue fighting. Sherman accepted the surrender of all the Confederate armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865, but the terms that he negotiated were considered too lenient by US Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who ordered General Grant to modify them. When Grant became president of the United States in March 1869, Sherman succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army. Sherman served in that capacity from 1869 until 1883 and was responsible for the U.S. Army's engagement in the Indian Wars during that period. He steadfastly refused to be drawn into politics and in 1875 published his Memoirs, one of the best-known first-hand accounts of the Civil War.

THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG PRINT BY KURZ & ALLAN

Lot #10c (Sale Order 31 of 952)

This battle took place over three days, July 1,2, & 3rd In 1863. The Union losses under General Meade were 23,190. The Confederate losses under General Lee were 36,000. 1884 and 1894 Kurz and Allison published thirty-six chromolithographs of Civil War battles. These prints were valued for their naive artistry. The compositions are stylized, showing both Union and Confederate armies in panoramic "fishbowl" settings. This, together with an unpainterly treatment of human figures, lends an effect similar to the graphics seen in the earlier lithography of Currier & Ives. This Chromolithograph was printed in 1884. Framed Image size 27 x 33" and was published by Kurz & Allison Art Publishers, Chicago. There is a tear to the top portion of the print as seen in the photos otherwise excellent.

LATE 19th CENTUY BELT BUCKLE, BELT, and COLT GRIPS

Lot #10d (Sale Order 32 of 952)

Grip for a Colt Single Action Army style revolver, with a leather belt and Indian Wars era / Late 19th Century US Army belt buckle. Leather shows age and wear, buckle has patina. Very Good

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 88TH REGIMENT 1900

Lot #11 (Sale Order 33 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 8th Company of the 88th regiment of Mainz Germany for 1900 - 1902 maneuvers. Named to reservist Scheider and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 60 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl with a Pickelhaube to the top.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE ART. REGIMENT 1893

Lot #11a (Sale Order 34 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 7th Battery 9th Artillery for 1893 - 1895 maneuvers. Named to reservist Sievers and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 61 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 88TH REGIMENT 1897

Lot #12 (Sale Order 35 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 88th regiment of Mainz Germany for 1997 - 1999 maneuvers. Named to reservist Schnug and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 49 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl with a nickel silver lid that is present but has been broken through time but easily fixed if desired.

WW1 IMPERIAL AUSTRAIN SILVER CHALICE SHOOTING CUP

Lot #12a (Sale Order 36 of 952)

WW1 Austrian Solid Silver chalice measuring 8 inches tall and is silver proof marked. The chalice is for the champion of a shooting competition. To the bottom of the chalice bears the inscription "Ueb Aug und Hand für's Vaterland" Train eye and hand for the fatherland!. The cup is decorated with laurel leaves to the center and the Austrian crest of arms to the center of a wreath. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 53RD REGIMENT 1893

Lot #13 (Sale Order 37 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 11th company of the 53rd regiment of Coln Germany for 1893 - 1895 maneuvers. Named to reservist Bruggemann and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 63 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl with a nickel silver lid that is present.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 3RD HESSE CAVALRY

Lot #14 (Sale Order 38 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 1st Troop of the 3rd Hussar Calvary regiment of Zieten Germany for 1906 - 1909 maneuvers. Named to reservist Gohmann and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 63 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl with a Busby helmet used for the top of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 8TH REGIMENT 1893

Lot #15 (Sale Order 39 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 2nd Company 8th Bavarian Regiment of Metz Germany for 1893 - 1895 maneuvers. Named to reservist Hiemer and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 75 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 73RD REGIMENT 1896

Lot #16 (Sale Order 40 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 12th Company 73rd Regiment of Prussia Germany for 1896 - 1898 maneuvers. Named to reservist Grewe and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 56 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 27TH REGIMENT 1894

Lot #17 (Sale Order 41 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 8th Battery 27th Artillery of Mainz Germany for 1894 - 1896 maneuvers. Named to reservist Schellhorn and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 57 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl. Has an old repair from a crack at the base of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 8TH REGIMENT 1906

Lot #18 (Sale Order 42 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd troop of the 13th Hussars regiment of Diedenhofen Germany for 1906 - 1909 maneuvers. Named to reservist Noth and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 71 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl with the middle piece having a running horse! Exquisitely crafted.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 29TH REGIMENT 1903

Lot #19 (Sale Order 43 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 7th Company of the 20th Wittenberg Regiment of Brandenburg Germany for 1903 - 1905 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Massnick and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 64 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 15TH HUSSAR REGT

Lot #20 (Sale Order 44 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 4th Company of the 15th Hussars Regiment of Hannoversches Germany for 1900 - 1903 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Hoppner and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 73 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl. Note the Hussar hat carved from bone as well as the horse head carved of wood with the brass horseshoe, a truly unique piece!

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 70TH ARTILLERY REGT

Lot #21 (Sale Order 45 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 4th Battery of the 70th Field Artillery Regiment of Morchingen Germany for 1902 maneuvers. Named to Hermann Spat and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 53 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 170th REGIMENT 1896

Lot #22 (Sale Order 46 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 9th Company of the 170th Infantry Regiment of Offenbach Germany for 1899-1901 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Kuhn Spat and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 53 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 16TH ARMY CORPS

Lot #24 (Sale Order 47 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 16th Army Corps of Metz Germany for 1899-1901 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Jacob and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 32 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 3rd GARDE REGIMENT

Lot #25 (Sale Order 48 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd Garde Ulan Regiment 1 of Potsdam Germany for 1886-1889 maneuvers. Named to Nick Himbert and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 32 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 15TH TRAIN BATT.

Lot #26 (Sale Order 49 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 2nd Company 15th Train Battalion of Strassburg Germany for 1889 maneuvers. Named to Nick Himbert and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 27 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE w/ KAISER WILHELM

Lot #27 (Sale Order 50 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 41 inches in total length with Kaiser Wilhelm II on the bowl with a decorative spiked helmet to the top. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN COLONIAL SOUTH AFRICAN PIPE

Lot #28 (Sale Order 51 of 952)

Imperial German long pipe finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 27 inches in total length with hand painted bowl with a donkey scene with the inscription "Die Buren Können Sich Ins Fäustchen Lachen, Wenn Die Englischen Esel Reissaus Machen" The Boers Can Laugh When The English Asses Rip Out. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE w/ KAISER WILHELM

Lot #29 (Sale Order 52 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 36 inches in total length with Kaiser Wilhelm II on the bowl with a decorative spiked helmet to the top. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 10TH BAVARIA

Lot #30 (Sale Order 53 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 10th Bavarian Regiment and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 43 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL GERMAN PATRIOTIC PIPE W GREAT CARVING

Lot #31 (Sale Order 54 of 952)

Imperial German Patriotic pipe with the inscription Das Einige Deutschland Hoch with a flower and scroll design.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 7TH BADEN REGT

Lot #32 (Sale Order 55 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 8th Company of the 7th Baden Regiment of Neupreisach Germany for 1898 - 1900 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Kaus and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 26 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE CORPS CLOTHING DEPT

Lot #33 (Sale Order 56 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental parole pipe for the Corps Clothing Depot for 1891 - 1894 maneuvers. Named to Heimrich and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 61 inches in total length

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE 160TH REGIMENT

Lot #34 (Sale Order 57 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd Company of the 160th Infantry Regiment of Diez Germany for 1908 - 1910 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Engels and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 36 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN STUDENT PIPE FROM REGENSBURG

Lot #35 (Sale Order 58 of 952)

Imperial German student pipe from Regensburg and is dated 1/3/1893 and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 28 inches in total length having a hairline in the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE FROM GARDE UNIT

Lot #36 (Sale Order 59 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 2nd Company of the Clothing Depot of the Gardes du Corps of Berlin Germany for 1899 - 1902 maneuvers. Named to Reservist H. Sasawitzny and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 51 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN RESERVIST PIPE FROM GARDE UNIT

Lot #37 (Sale Order 60 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd Company of the 4th Gardes du Corps Regiment of Berlin Germany for 1912 - 1913 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Offermann and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 48 inches in total length with an interesting feature towards the top of the pipe it is decorated with a row of bullets that are dated 1895.

IMPERIAL GERMAN HUNTING SCENE SMALL PIPE

Lot #38 (Sale Order 61 of 952)

Imperial German short pipe and is finely crafted of cherry wood and measures 16 inches in total length circa 1900 with a tulip shaped bowl having a scene of a father and three sons getting surprised by a large stag and doe's

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 1ST ULAN REGIMENT

Lot #39 (Sale Order 62 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 1st Troop of the 1st Ulan Regiment of Württemberg Germany for 1903 - 1906 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Birk and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 47 inches in total length and has a complete roster of the group to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 8TH WURTTEMBERG

Lot #40 (Sale Order 63 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 7th Company of the 8th Infantry Regiment of Württemberg Germany for 1887 - 1890 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Faiss and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 56 inches in total length

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN BALLOON PILOT SHOUDER BOARDS

Lot #40a (Sale Order 64 of 952)

Imperial German set of shoulder boards for the Luftschiffer or balloon service. Four rows of fine silvered bullion wire, interlaced with red and black threading with black velvet bottom.

1887 USN NAMED OFFICERS SWORD IN HIGH CONDITION

Lot #41 (Sale Order 65 of 952)

Named 1887 dated US Naval officers sword named to John J. Glenn and was given to him by his shipmates. Sword is in near mint condition state with his name also on the beautiful frosted blade. Sword has no manufacturing marks but is a high condition and exquisitely crafted piece with all furniture in gold gilt. Sword measures 34 1/2 inches to total length with near mint rayskin grip.

CIVIL WAR CAVALRY CARBINE SWIVEL HOOK LOT OF 2

Lot #42 (Sale Order 66 of 952)

Lot of Two carbine swivel hooks used by Federal cavalrymen during the Civil War. Constructed of polished steel, these artifacts have two components: snap hook and its steel sling loop. Inside facing of one of the snap hook bears a strong stamping of “O. B. NORTH & Co. / NEW HAVEN, Ct.”. When attached to one end of the trooper’s leather sling via the sling loop, the swivel’s snap hook secured the man’s carbine at the weapon’s sling bar and rendered the trooper’s hands free maintain the reins while mounted. Perfect for display in any cavalry collection.

CIVIL WAR ARTILLERY SHELL LOT OF 3 DUG SHELLS

Lot #43 (Sale Order 67 of 952)

Collection of spent artillery rounds to include 1) Dug Federal 12-pound spherical shell. 2) Dug Federal 10 Pound Parrot Artillery Shell. 3) Three Inch Hotchkiss Rifled Case Shot.

CIVIL WAR M1864 ARTILLERY SHAKO WITH CORDS & KNOTS

Lot #43a (Sale Order 68 of 952)

Beautiful Model 1864 Artillery shako cap with red horsetail plume, red hat cord, red chest cords with "waffles" intact. Also includes a pair of junior officer red shoulder knots. Hat has rimless federal eagle buttons with "A" in the center of the eagle's chest. Hard leather rim and brim, cotton lining in the crown, and tarred band around the hat. Artillery insignia on the front, with 8th Battery, Company K unit identification. Wool felt covering to the hat has some age and light tracking, but is original and intact. Light soiling to sweatband from wear, and maker's tag is missing. One small separation of threads on the hat cord. Excellent

CONFEDERATE VETERAN MAGAZINES 1897-1917 LOT OF 37

Lot #44 (Sale Order 69 of 952)

Large binder of Confederate Veteran magazine including the following issues 1) Volume V Issue 2 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag. 2) Volume V Issue 3 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag. 3) Volume V Issue 4 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag. 4) Volume V Issue 5 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag. 5) Volume V Issue 6 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 6) Volume V Issue 7 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 7) Volume V Issue 8 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 8) Volume V Issue 9 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 9) Volume V Issue 10 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 10) Volume V Issue 11 of 1897. Cover shows the Confederate seal with Flag with Cannon. 11) Volume V Issue 12 of 1897. Cover shows Camp Chase at Columbus Ohio with the UCV. 12) Volume VI Issue 1 of 1898. Cover shows Camp Chase at Columbus Ohio. 13) Volume VI Issue 2 of 1898. Cover shows UCV Reunion held in Atlanta. 14) Volume VI Issue 3 of 1898. Cover is partially torn. 15) Volume VI Issue 4 of 1898. Cover shows the Confederate Map above the Fireplace. 16) Volume VI Issue 5 of 1898. Cover shows Confederate Map above a group of Veterans. 17) Volume VI Issue 6 of 1898. Cover shows Veteran Officers of Atlanta Ga. 18) Volume VI Issue 7 of 1898. Cover shows Veterans Officers of Atlanta Ga. 19) Volume VI Issue 8 of 1898. Cover shows Jefferson Davis and Robert Lee. 20) Volume VI Issue 9 of 1898. Cover shows Miss Varina Anne Davis and Mrs. V. Jefferson Davis. 21) Volume VI Issue 10 of 1898. Cover shows Georgia UCV meeting 22) Volume VI Issue 7 of 1898. Cover shows Veterans Officer of Atlanta Ga. 23) Volume VI Issue 11 of 1898. Cover shows Daughters of the Confederacy in Arkansas. 24) Volume VI Issue 12 of 1898. Cover shows Confederate Memorial Hall in New Orleans La. 25) Volume VII Issue 1 of 1899. Cover shows Veterans at Camp Nicholls in New Orleans. 26) Volume VII Issue 2 of 1899. Cover shows announcement of the National reunion. 27) Volume VII Issue 3 of 1899. Cover shows Fort Sumter. 28) Volume VII Issue 4 of 1899. Cover shows Scenes of Charleston Harbor. 29) Volume VII Issue 6 of 1899. Cover is missing. 30) Volume XVI Issue 2 of 1908. Cover shows The John W. Thomas Memorial in Nashville Tn. 32) Volume XVI Issue 11 of 1908. Cover shows a Confederate Bond. 33) Volume 14 Issue 1 1906 Cover shows Maj. General Bushrod Rust Johnson. 34) Volume XVIII Issue 1 1910. Cover shows Mrs. Virginia Faulkner McSherry, President General U.D.C. 35) Volume 13 Issue 6 1905 Cover shows Ladies of the UDC. 36) Volume XXV issue 8 1917. Cover shows Monument in Nashville Tn. 37) Volume XXV issue 7 1917. Cover shows a poem titles Equality Liberty Fraternity by D. G. Bickers. Finally 8 newer copies of the magazine

CONFEDERATE VETERAN MAGAZINES 1894-1896 LOT OF 33

Lot #45 (Sale Order 70 of 952)

Large binder of Confederate Veteran magazine including the following issues 1) Volume 1 Issue 7 of 1893. Cover shows Generals Jackson, Johnston and Lee. 2) Volume II Issue 1 of 1894 showing Generals Cheatham and Nathan Bedford Forrest. 3) Volume II Issue 2 of 1894 showing Generals Thomas J. Jackson and Bradley T. Johnson. 4) Volume II Issue 3 of 1894 showing a battle condition Confederate Shell Jacket. 5) Volume II Issue 4 of 1894 showing General John B. Gordon. 6) Volume II Issue 5 of 1894 showing Southern Beauties at Birmingham. 7) Volume II Issue 6 of 1894 showing General William H. Jackson. 8) Volume II Issue 7 of 1894 showing a painting titled Away Down South In Dixie. 9) Volume II Issue 8 of 1894 showing Figurative Memories. 10) Volume II Issue 9 of 1894 showing Scenes From Gallatin Reunion. 11) Volume II Issue 10 of 1894 missing cover 12) Volume II Issue 11 of 1894 showing Banner That Is Not Furled 13) Volume II Issue 12 of 1894 showing Santa. 14) Volume III Issue 1 1895 showing a Scene in Chickamauga Park. 15) Volume III Issue 2 1895 showing a painting of General Washington. 16) Volume III Issue 3 1895 showing a Colossal Equestrian Statue of General Albert Sidney Johnston. 17) Volume III Issue 4 1895 showing a Monument of General Robert E. Lee in Richmond Va. 18) Volume III Issue 5 1895 showing New Orleans Cadets during and after the War. 19) Volume III Issue 6 showing a Street Scene in Houston Texas during a U.C.V. event. 20) Volume III Issue 7 1895 showing General Light Horse Harry Lee. 21) Volume III Issue 8 1895 showing a Monument of Unknown Confederate Dead. 22) Volume III Issue 9 1895 showing a Scene of Lookout Mountain. 23) Volume III Issue 10 1895 showing Kentucky Honors Her Southern Sisters at the Bowling Green Reunion. 24) Volume III Issue 11 1895 showing C. B. Rouss Memorial Committee. 25) Volume III Issue 12 1895 showing a Confererate 20 dollar bill. 26) Volume IV Issue 1 1896 showing Arlington The Old Home Of General Robert E. Lee. 27) Volume IV Issue 2 1896 showing the Grand Auditorium For Confederate Reunions In Nashville. 28) Volume IV Issue 3 1896 showing tehe Monument At Jackson Miss. 29) Volume IV Issue 4 1896 showing a Monument at Vicksburg where Grant and Pemberton Met July 4th 1863. 30) Volume IV Issue 5 1896 showing a Meeting in South Carolina of a UCV meeting in Charleston. 31) Volume IV Issue 6 1896 showing scenes of Richmond. 32) Volume IV Issue 7 1896 showing a photo of President Jefferson Davis. 33) Volume IV Issue 8 1896 showing a Confederate Flag. 33) Volume IV Issue 9 1896 showing Glimpses of Nashville.

1917 WW1 WAR BOND POSTER AFTER A ZEPPELIN RAID WWI

Lot #45a (Sale Order 71 of 952)

About 20" by 13", Issued by the Liberty Loan committee in 1917. Shows image of a grieving husband at the bed side of his wife who was killed in the attack. The caption reads, "After a Zeppelin Raid in London, "But Mother had done nothing wrong, had she Daddy?" Prevent this in New York invest in Liberty Bonds. Light wear and minor staing. Very Good

GAR WRC SONS OF VETERANS USWV LARGE BADGE LOT

Lot #46 (Sale Order 72 of 952)

Grand Army of the Republic GAR, Sons of Veterans, WRC and United Spanish American War Veterans Badge lot including 1) Steubenville Ohio Porcelain Women's Relief Corps badge. 2) Department of Michigan Delegate Badge for 1902. 3) GAR Encampment Philadelphia 1899 Badge. 4) Women's Relief Corps Membership Badge 5) United Spanish War Veterans Badge 6) Women's Relief Corps Membership Badge 7) Sons of Veterans Delegate Badge for the 16th Annual Meeting held in Milwaukee. 8) GAR 1897 Souvenir Badge for the 31st National Convention held in Buffalo NY. 9) Women's Relief Corps 25 year membership badge 10) Sons of Veterans Membership Badge 11) Auxiliary Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War badge 12) GAR 1900 Souvenir Badge for Chicago Encampment 13) Sons of Veterans Membership badge missing catch. 14) 69th Annual State Encampment GAR held in Bridgeport Connecticut in 1936. 15) Delegate badge for the 33rd National Encampment of the U.S.W.V. held in New Orleans. 16) Delegate ribbon for the Michigan Auxiliary of Michigan U.S.W.V. 17) GAR Mourning Medal in shape of Maltese Cross with black silk ribbon. 18) United Spanish War Veterans Ribbon for Detroit. 19) Sons of Veterans Membership badge. 20) Auxiliary Sons of Veterans Membership badge. 21) Daughters of Union Veterans Badge for the Patriotic Instructor. 22) Women's Relief Corps Membership Badge. 23) Daughters of Union Veterans Membership Badge. 24) Women's Relief Corps Membership Badge. 25) United Spanish War Veterans Lapel Badge. 26) 23rd Annual Encampment for Rockford Il. 1905 Button. 27) Named ID Shield F. A. Wilson of Forest Michigan.

CIVIL WAR CARTRIDGE LOT MERRILL SPENCER BURNSIDE

Lot #47 (Sale Order 73 of 952)

Lot of Civil War related cartridges including 1) .58 caliber cartridge still wrapped and in excellent condition. 2) Maynard primer tape caps in excellent condition. 3) Dug Burnside carbine cartridge in good condition. 4) Sharps .52 Caliber Sharps Linen Cartridge in good condition. 5) Gallagher carbine cartridge in excellent condition. 6) Merrill Skin Cartridge. 7) .58 caliber period black. 8) Star carbine cartridge

CIVIL WAR MEMORIAL 27TH OHIO VOLUNTEERS INFANTRY

Lot #48 (Sale Order 74 of 952)

Civil War memorial of Thomas E. Meredith of Company H of the 27th OVI. The broadside measures 29 X 23 inches with damage to the top center of the document but frames nicely. This piece denotes the military history of Private Thomas E. Meredith while serving in the 27th Regiment. It describes him being wounded on 03/05/1865 at Cheraw SC. by a gunshot to the shoulder and recovering of his wounds and ultimately being Honorably Discharged and joining Post 180 of the GAR. This regiment was organized at Camp Chase from July 15 to Aug. 18, 1861, to serve for three years. On the morning of Aug. 20, the regiment marched out of camp, 950 strong, and took the cars for St. Louis, Mo. In December it shared in the capture of 1,300 recruits, who were endeavoring to join the Confederate Gen. Price. The regiment was actively engaged during the siege of New Madrid and after the surrender of the town remained in camp about two weeks, constantly engaged in drilling. It then moved to Island No. 10, assisting in the capture of that place, and a few weeks later moved to the vicinity of Fort Pillow. During the siege of Corinth it was repeatedly under fire and in every instance behaved well. It was a part of the force sent to recapture Iuka in September and participated in the fight at that place. In the following engagement at Corinth it was in the heat of the conflict and lost about 60 men. It was with the brigade that encountered Forrest at Parker's cross-roads, Tenn. and took an active part in the engagement at that place, capturing 7 guns, 360 prisoners and 400 horses. At the close of 1863 the soldiers of the 27th reenlisted as veterans and after their furlough home in May, 1864, joined the main army at Chattanooga. It was engaged with Hood's corps at Dallas , skirmished at Big Shanty, fought at Kennesaw mountain, losing heavily, both in officers and men; participated in the action at Nickajack creek, advancing at the head of a division with fixed bayonets and charging the Confederate works with complete success. On July 22, before Atlanta, the regiment was engaged in one of its most severe battles, and sustained its heaviest loss. From the time it left Chattanooga till the fall of Atlanta the regiment had lost 16 officers and 201 men, only 6 of whom were reported "missing." This was a loss of more than half the men present for duty when the regiment left Chattanooga. It pursued Hood northward, then marched with Sherman to the sea, skirmishing near Savannah with slight loss. It shared in the campaign of the Carolinas and at the crossing of the Salkehatchie river literally hewed its way through forest and swamp, with water nearly up to the waist, for more than a mile, and was among the first to find a way to cross the river. At Cheraw it was the first regiment to enter the town, skirmishing with the Confederate cavalry, driving them through the streets and across the Pedee river. At Bentonville, N. C., Monroe's division, to which the 27th belonged, attacked the enemy's left and pushed forward so vigorously that the skirmish line was at Gen. Johnston's headquarters before they were aware of it. The regiment was mustered out of service on July 11, 1865.

CIVIL WAR OLD ABE STERIOVIEW 8TH WISCONSIN REGT.

Lot #49 (Sale Order 75 of 952)

Sterioview of the 8th Wisconsin battle eagle known as "Old Abe". Photo depicts Old Abe the battle eagle on top of his famous perch. This stereoview is a wartime shot Excellent Old Abe was captured by Ahgamahwegezhig or "Chief Sky". He was the son of Ah-mous, who was an influential leader of the Lac du Flambeau Ojibwe. In spring of 1861, Chief Sky set up a hunting and fishing camp near the South Fork of the Flambeau River, within the present day Chequamegon National Forest, east of Park Falls, Wisconsin. Here, he noticed a treetop nest, with two fledgling eagles, and to capture them, cut down the tree. One eaglet died from the fall, and the other became the young Indian's pet. That summer, Chief Sky and his father canoed down the Chippewa River on a trading expedition. At Jim Falls, Wisconsin, they encountered Daniel McCann, who lived nearby in Eagle Point. The Indians sold the eagle to McCann in exchange for a bushel of corn. In August 1861, John C. Perkins, assisted by Seth Pierce, Frank McGuire, Thomas G. Butler and Victor Wolf, recruited a company of volunteers from Eau Claire and Chippewa Counties. This company was called the "Eau Claire Badgers". Soon after its formation, McCann offered to sell the eagle to the Badgers, for $2.50. In his "History of Old Abe", published in 1865, Joseph O. Barrett, who helped McCann bring the eagle to Eau Claire, gave a description of the transaction, which can be paraphrased as: "Will you buy my eagle," said McCann, "only two dollars and a half?" "Here, boys, let's put in twenty five cents apiece," answered Frank McGuire, who began to collect quarters. He also solicited a contribution from a civilian, S. M. Jeffers, but was rebuffed. When the soldiers heard of this, they accosted Jeffers, and gave him three lusty groans. When he understood that they were protesting against his reluctance to help buy the eagle, Jeffers laughed, paid for the bird with a Quarter Eagle and presented him to the Company. After that, he had cheers instead of groans. The quarters were returned to the donors. Captain Perkins named the eagle after President Abraham Lincoln, his quartermaster, Francis L. Billings, made a special perch on which to carry the bird into battle, and a young soldier, James McGinnis, volunteered to take care of him. On September 3, 1861, the Badgers embarked, aboard the steamer "Stella Whipple", on a trip down the Chippewa to the Mississippi and up the Wisconsin River to Madison, Wisconsin. They arrived on the 6th and were immediately mustered into service as Company C of the 8th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment. They became the regimental color company and were given the name "Eagle Company". The regiment also became the "Eagle Regiment". After a few weeks of training at Camp Randall, it began to play an important role in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.

EARLY CIVIL WAR PERIOD HUNTING CDV W/ DOG SHOTGUN

Lot #50 (Sale Order 76 of 952)

Early CDV of a hunter holding a double barrel shotgun and wearing his hunting gear including his possibles bag and a shot belt with his trusted hunting dog at his side. The Brittney Spaniel having mud from the field. A very attractive image of an early hunter.

CIVIL WAR ERA FOLDING OFFICER'S CAMP CHAIR

Lot #51 (Sale Order 77 of 952)

Mid 19th century wood and carpet folding chair commonly seen in Civil War camp settings. Chair is in excellent condition standing 32 inches tall when unfolded and 16 inches wide.

CIVIL WAR VETERAN ITEMS OF THE GAR HAT VEST BELT

Lot #52 (Sale Order 78 of 952)

Civil War Veteran's items from the GAR or Grand Army of the Republic. Items to include 1) GAR belt and buckle consisting of a cast brass belt buckle with a white cloth belt in excellent condition. 2) Named GAR Kepi that is tailored by The Henderson Ames Company of Kalamazoo Michigan and is named to a soldier J. Heinemann. Kepi is in excellent condition. 3) Five button GAR vest constructed of blue wool with very minor moth damage. 4) 23rd National Encampment Milwaukee August 27th - 30th 1889 drinking glass. All items are in excellent condition. History After the end of American Civil War, various state and local organizations were formed for veterans to network and maintain connections with each other. Many of the veterans used their shared experiences as a basis for fellowship. Groups of men began joining together, first for camaraderie and later for political power. Emerging as most influential among the various organizations during the first post-war years was the Grand Army of the Republic, founded on April 6, 1866, on the principles of "Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty," in Springfield, Illinois, by Dr. Benjamin F. Stephenson and the first GAR Post was established in Decatur, Illinois. The GAR initially grew and prospered as a de facto political arm of the Republican Party during the heated political contests of the Reconstruction Era. The commemoration of Union Army and Navy veterans, black and white, immediately became entwined with partisan politics. The GAR promoted voting rights for Negro veterans, as many white veterans recognized their demonstrated patriotism and sacrifices, providing one of the first racially integrated social/fraternal organizations in America. Black veterans, who enthusiastically embraced the message of equality, shunned black veterans' organizations in preference for racially inclusive and integrated groups. But when the Republican Party's commitment to reform in the South gradually decreased, the GAR's mission became ill-defined and the organization floundered. The GAR almost disappeared in the early 1870s, and many state-centered divisions, named "departments", and local posts ceased to exist. In his General Order No. 11, dated May 5, 1868, first GAR Commander-in-Chief, General John A. Logan declared May 30 to be Memorial Day (also referred to for many years as "Decoration Day"), calling upon the GAR membership to make the May 30 observance an annual occurrence. Although not the first time war graves had been decorated, Logan's order effectively established "Memorial Day" as the day upon which Americans now pay tribute to all their war casualties, missing-in-action, and deceased veterans. As decades passed, similarly inspired commemorations also spread across the South as "Confederate Memorial Day" or "Confederate Decoration Day", usually in April, led by organizations of Southern soldiers in the parallel United Confederate Veterans. In the 1880s, the Union veterans' organization revived under new leadership that provided a platform for renewed growth, by advocating Federal pensions for veterans. As the organization revived, black veterans joined in significant numbers and organized local posts. The national organization, however, failed to press the case for similar pensions for black soldiers. Most black troops never received any pension or remuneration for wounds incurred during their Civil War service. The GAR was organized into "Departments" at the state level and "Posts" at the community level, and military-style uniforms were worn by its members. There were posts in every state in the U.S., and several posts overseas. The pattern of establishing departments and local posts was later used by other American military veterans' organizations, such as the Veterans of Foreign Wars (organized originally for veterans of the Spanish–American War and the Philippine Insurrection) and the later American Legion (for the First World War and later expanded to include subsequent World War II, Korean, Vietnam and Middle Eastern wars). The G.A.R.'s political power grew during the latter part of the 19th century, and it helped elect several United States presidents, beginning with the 18th, Ulysses S. Grant, and ending with the 25th, William McKinley. Six Civil War veterans (Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Chester A. Arthur; Benjamin Harrison, and McKinley) were elected President of the United States; all were Republicans. (The sole post-war Democratic president was Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th chief executive.) For a time, candidates could not get Republican presidential or congressional nominations without the endorsement of the GAR veterans voting bloc. Of the six mentioned US Presidents, at least four were members of the G.A.R.:

CIVIL WAR LEATHER CARTRIDGE BOX & LEATHER BELT LOT

Lot #53 (Sale Order 79 of 952)

Civil War leather lot including 1) Model 1864 Cartridge Box And Belt With US Belt Plate. Leather shows wear throughout but for the most part is still very solid. The leather belt and cap pouch that accompanies the cartridge box has been on the box for a very long time. The US brass belt plate has two very small holes drilled into the plate to the top center. 2) M1861 cartridge box missing the belt plate The leather shows some chafing and is dry but still supple. 3) Brass Shoulder Scales, both missing the lower tongues.

CIVIL WAR UCV CONFEDERATE MEDAL LOT NAMED CROSS

Lot #54 (Sale Order 80 of 952)

Civil War Confederate medal grouping consisting of Southern Cross of Honor by White Head & Hoag and is the button or lapel variety. 2) Cross of Military Service awarded by the United Daughters of the Confederacy and is named to the reverse E. C. Perdue and is manufactured by Medallic Art Co.of New York and is numbered 678 to the reverse. Private Perdue enlisted on 4/1/1862. On 4/1/1862 he mustered into "I" Co. TX 32nd Cavalry. Original silk ribbon is very frail but both medals are otherwise excellent

INDIAN WARS NEW YORK NCO COATEE CIRCA 1880's

Lot #55 (Sale Order 81 of 952)

Indian Wars Ordinance NCO Coatee with tails. Circa 1880 from New York National Guard. Tails display Ordinance insignia embroidered in bullion thread. Shoulder Boards are also present. Interior is fully lined but missing the inner sleeve material. Excellent

M1881 PLUMED ARTILLERY SPIKED HELMET W CORDS

Lot #55a (Sale Order 82 of 952)

Indian Wars Shako or Spiked Helmet with Red Artillery plumed Hat & Tassels Cord M1881. It is a black colored felt. The cord is in great condition and the interior of the leather sweat band in marked William H. Horseman & Co. planchet has eagle with banner in his beak that reads E. Pluribus Unum. Crossed cannons and patriotic shield with arrows in left talon and olive twig in right talon. Two artillery buttons on each side of a black leather band encompassing base of hat. Red intertwined cords encompass the helmet, fastened to two medallions. Red officer's helmet cords with disk aiguilettes with acorn tassels. Complete with red horsehair plume. Inside of helmet with leather ribbed sweat band, hat roughly size 7 1/4, and unmarked brass plume. Overall height 11". Excellent

LARGE LOT OF CIVIL WAR US ARMY TINTYPE PHOTO LOT 8

Lot #56 (Sale Order 83 of 952)

Civil War tintype photograph lot consisting of the following 1) Uncased standing view of a Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a standing view. Image has some finish loss and measures 3 X 4 inches. 2) Cased tintype of two pards, one wearing a Federal shell jacket while the other is wearing Civilian clothing and are most certainly Brothers. This image is in very good condition measuring 3 X 4 inches. 3) Cased seated view of a federal soldier and is an Ambrotype photograph but unfortunately has several cracks running through it. Image measures 3 X 4 inches. 4) Cased image of a Federal soldier in a seated position wearing a issue coat and kepi with a US leather belt and belt plate. Image has finish loss but still is an attractive image. 5) Seated cased image of a Federal soldier wearing a 9 button coat but unfortunately is very dark. Image measures 3 X 4 inches. 6) Ambrotype image of a Federal soldier and wife. Image measures 3 X 4 inches with a lot of finish loss in poor condition. 7) Cased and named Federal Officer with finish loss. Image has a period tag to the interior Capt. William Spencer U.S.A. The officer is clearly wearing Captain straps and 17th Infantry insignia to his Kepi. Image measures 3 X 4 inches. 8) Cased seated Federal soldier who is a Western Artilleryman wearing a Porkpie hat. Image has finish loss but is still very attractive.

MILLS SPAN AM BELT LOT .38 PISTOL & KRAG RIFLE

Lot #56a (Sale Order 84 of 952)

Span Am period cartridge belt lot to include 1) Single loop, woven, blue Spanish American War cartridge belt for the 30-40 Krag. Mills pattern but no manufacture marks visible. in excellent condition. 2) Mills .38 Caliber Pistol Cartridge Belt. 45 Loops - Contract of 1901 where the Army had added two eyelets for mounting a first aid pocket. Excellent.

SPAN AM REVENGE THE MAINE PROPAGANDA PIN

Lot #56b (Sale Order 85 of 952)

1 1/16" tall silvered brass pin reading "REVENGE" across the top with small flourishes on either side. Depicts the USS Maine in the center and the words "BLOWN UP IN HAVANA HARBOR FEB. 15 '98 by SPANISH TREACHERY." Signed "A. Hylan Chicago." Commemorative pins like this were sold in order to raise a sense of indignation, aid in war recruitment, and develop a sense of nationalism during the Spanish American war. Excellent

INDIAN WAR SPAN AM FIELD GEAR LOT w KEPI BACKPACK

Lot #57 (Sale Order 86 of 952)

Indian War & Spanish American War era uniform and mess gear lot including 1) 5 button sack coat with New York Sons of Veteran's buttons and is in excellent condition that is fully lined. 2) Leather Mckeever's type pouch with faint US markings to the front. 3) Leather Mckeever's type pouch with brass plate to the front. To the interior are 5 live .50-70 rounds and one spent cartridge all in excellent condition. 4) Spanish American War canteen. Cover is faded with several stains. 5) Span Am mess kit complete with lid in excellent condition. 6) Porcelain enameled US marked mess cup dating to the Span Am period. Indian Wars era knapsack that has a leather cover wood frame and to the front is stenciled 36 SEP CO. complete with all straps. 7) Indian Wars artillery officer's kepi with some separations to the body. Manufactured by Pettybone Brothers Co.

CIVIL WAR IMAGE LOT OF 8 FEDERAL SOLDIERS

Lot #58 (Sale Order 87 of 952)

Collection of Civil War hard images to include 1) Tintype of a Federal soldier wearing a shell jacket with gilded buttons measuring 2 1/2 X 3 inches. Image is very dark. 2) Cased tintype of a bearded, Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a seated position. Image is very clear measuring 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 3) Cased tintype of a bearded man with crossed fingers, Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a seated position. Image is very clear measuring 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 4) Half cased tintype of a bearded, Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a seated position wearing a Kepi. Image is clear measuring 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 5) Half cased tintype of a Federal soldier from the Company E. 12th New Hampshire Volunteer. The kepi in his hands identifies him to this regiment. There is finish loss to the image but the Kepi more than makes up for it. Measures 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 6) Half cased tintype of a bearded, Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a seated position wearing a hat. Image has a lot of finish loss and in poor condition measuring 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 7) Cased tintype of a bearded, Federal soldier wearing a four button sack coat in a seated position. Image is dark and measures 2 1/2 X 3 inches. 8) Unmounted image of a Civil War Federal officer to the rank of Captain wearing a nine button frock coat.

CIVIL WAR FIELD GEAR LOT AMMO POUCH CANTEEN

Lot #59 (Sale Order 88 of 952)

Civil War to Indian War lot including 1) M1855 Cartridge Box missing the brass plate to the front but otherwise in good condition. 2) M185 canteen with original stopper and chain, still retaining a small portion of the original sling. 3) Two Civil War US Federal Cavalry Carbine Sockets. 4) Two Leather US Federal Cap Pouches, one with a busted front closer strap and belt loops. 5) Civil War period Binoculars with clear optics. 6) Leather Civil War period Federal Cavalry Belt. 7) Dug Civil War Federal NCO Shoulder Scales. 8) Indian Wars leather Cartridge Pouch that is complete with supple leather.

GAR WRC SONS OF VETERANS MEMBERSHIP BADGES

Lot #60 (Sale Order 89 of 952)

Lot of Woman's Relief Corps of the Grand Army of the Republic Daughters of Union Veterans and United Spanish Veterans grouping to include 1) 1896 Saginaw WRC ribbon'ed badge in excellent condition 2) Named President's badge of the WRC to Jane M. O'Connor of the 14th Corps and dated 1953. 3) Sons of Union Veterans badge. 4) Sons of Union Veterans badge. 5) Delegate Badge of the United Spanish War Veterans. 6) 45th National Convention of the Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War badge. 7) Membership badge of the United Spanish War Veterans. 8) Commemoration of the Explosion of the Allegheny Arsenal September 17th 1862 dated 1909. 9) GAR top bar for medal. 10) Excelsior New York helmet plate for a shako. 11) West Virginia Centennial Participant Battle of Parkersburg 1863 - 1963. 12) Patriotic Red White and Blue ribbon. 13) GAR membership badge and finally 14) 27th Annual Encampment drop to the GAR.

SPAN-AM NAMED JEWISH SILVER STAR MEDAL GROUPING

Lot #60a (Sale Order 90 of 952)

Rare Silver Star medal grouping of a Jewish American hero. Medal grouping of Gustav F. Schlachter consist of his 1932 issued named Silver Star along with three VFW delegate badges all bearing his name. Gustav enlisted at the outbreak of the Spanish American War into Co. G. 3rd Regiment National Guard PA. and was promoted to Corporal and subsequently to Quartermaster Sergeant. After the return of the 3rd Regiment he enlisted again as a Private of Co. F. 3rd Infantry Regiment and remained there until August 17th 1899 when he was appointed to the rank of Lieutenant. During his time is service he received a serious wound on April 15th 1900 at Patonongan, Pananr while serving with Co. F. 11th Infantry as a 2nd Lt. which is where is subsequently received his Silver Star.

CIVIL WAR GAR WRC MICHIGAN RIBBONS 32nd REGT. INF

Lot #61 (Sale Order 91 of 952)

Lot of GAR & Woman's Relief Corps of the Grand Army of the Republic Reunion Ribbons to include 1) 43rd National Encampment Ribbon held in Flint Michigan in 1921. 2) Centennial of The Confederacy 1861 - 1961 THE SOUTH SHALL RISE AGAIN badge. 3) GAR ZOUAVE red ribbon 4) Auxiliary To The Sons Of Union Veterans Of The Civil War ribbon dated 1934. 5) Welcome Home 32nd Michigan Infantry Regiment Ribbon. 6) Michigan Woman's Relief Corps 66th National Convention Grand Rapids Mich. held in 1948. 7) Michigan Woman's Relief Corps 53rd National Convention Grand Rapids Mich. held in 1935. 8) Michigan Woman's Relief Corps 11th National Convention Indianapolis In. held in 1893. 9) Delegate of Kentucky of the Woman's Relief Corps Convention Grand Rapids Mich. held in 1927

CIVIL WAR ALBUMAN LOT OF SOLDIERS INCLUDING GAR

Lot #62 (Sale Order 92 of 952)

Civil War Albumen lot consisting of 1) Enlisted soldier wearing a 9 button frock coat and a bummers cap. Image measures 7 X 9 inches and is housed in a modern frame. 2) Framed period copy shot of a Federal soldier smoking a pipe and wearing a Kepi. Frame measures 10 X 12 inches and is housed in a period frame. 3) Civil War Veterans GAR group photo measuring 10 1/2 X 9 1/2 inches. To the right side of the photo as seen in the pictures a large tear to the image. 4) GAR Albumen of members of the band. Matte measures 14 X 10 inches. 5) GAR Albumen of members of the band and regiment. Matte measures 14 X 10 inches. 6) 1880's copy shot of a Rifleman wearing the M1855 Rifleman's belt. 7) Albumen of a Captain measuring 5 1/2 X 8 1/2 with a large tear to the lower center. 8) GAR Veteran member albumen measuring 4 1/4 X 6 1/2 inches from Detroit Michigan. Veteran Reserve Corps albumen with family measuring 6 1/2 X 8 3/4 inches with finish loss to edges. 9) Wood framed image of a Federal soldier.

CIVIL WAR THRU WWII ENTRENCHING TOOLS LOT OF 6

Lot #63 (Sale Order 93 of 952)

Grouping of entrenching tools to include 1) WWII Swiss shovel and carrier in excellent condition. 2) WWII US Army 1944 folding shovel with cover in very good condition. 3) WW1 US Army T handle shovel in very good condition. 4) WWII 1944 dated Pick Mattock by Plumb in serviceable condition. 5) Civil War period leather frog for bayonet. 6) 1868 Trowel Bayonet Scabbard in rough condition.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN 389th INFANTRY SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #63a (Sale Order 94 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German set of M1915 pattern sew on shoulder straps for the 389th Infantry Regiment. Straps are both in excellent condition.

WW1 NAMED US NAVY GROUPING UNIFORMS DUFFLE BAG WWI

Lot #64 (Sale Order 95 of 952)

WW1 US Naval duffle bag grouping consisting of 1) Two white Dixie cup cap with one being named to A. R. Liedtke. 2) One blue knit cap with original cutter tag still attached. 3) Two black silk Neckerchiefs. 4) One white Navy jumper that is named to him as well. 5) Two blue jumpers one named and patched out to Carpenter's Mate A. R. Liedtke. 6) White sea bag named to A. R. Liedtke. Overall excellent.

WW1 1918 DATED USMC MARINE CORPS WOOL OVERCOAT WWI

Lot #64a (Sale Order 96 of 952)

Very good overall condition, all the buttons are original. Dated 1918 1919 on the interior and is also size marked 2L, overall a clean and scarce example. Complete with all the Marine Corps Eagle Globe and Anchor buttons. Referred to as the Horse blanket by old-time Marines as they were made of heavy forest green wool.

INDIAN WARS M1885 ARTILLERY TROUSERS MID-BLUE

Lot #64b (Sale Order 97 of 952)

Pattern 1885 Indian Wars trousers are the same as 1884 trousers, but made with the 1885 regulation darker shade of sky blue (referred to as Mid-Blue) wool. The color is actually closer to a Royal Blue, than a Medium Blue. The regulations called for "Goods of a somewhat darker and more serviceable color, less liable to result from in the diversity of shades found in the deliveries of the various contracts". Reports state that dye lots of this new color still varied greatly. These trousers are still in very good condition with light scattered mothing.

WW1 US AIR SERVICE LEATHER FLIGHT HELMET WWI

Lot #65 (Sale Order 98 of 952)

WW1 US Air Service tan/brown leather flight helmet that has the initials A. A. M. to one of the ear flaps. The leather, as well as the lining, are in fair condition with chaffing to the edges. The United States Army Air Service (USAAS) (also known as the "Air Service", "U.S. Air Service" and before its legislative establishment in 1920, the "Air Service, United States Army") was the aerial warfare service component of the United States Army between 1918 and 1926 and a forerunner of the United States Air Force. It was established as an independent but temporary branch of the U.S. War Department during World War I by two executive orders of President Woodrow Wilson: on May 24, 1918, replacing the Aviation Section, Signal Corps as the nation's air force; and March 19, 1919, establishing a military Director of Air Service to control all aviation activities. Its life was extended for another year in July 1919, during which time Congress passed the legislation necessary to make it a permanent establishment. The National Defense Act of 1920 assigned the Air Service the status of "combatant arm of the line" of the United States Army with a major general in command. In France, the Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force, a separate entity under commanding General John J. Pershing that conducted the combat operations of U.S. military aviation, began field service in the spring of 1918. By the end of the war, the Air Service used 45 squadrons to cover 137 kilometers (85 miles) of front from Pont-à-Mousson to Sedan. 71 pursuit pilots were credited with shooting down five or more German aircraft while in American service. Overall the Air Service destroyed 756 enemy aircraft and 76 balloons in combat. 17 balloon companies also operated at the front, making 1,642 combat ascensions. 289 airplanes and 48 balloons were lost in battle. The Air Service was the first form of the air force to have an independent organizational structure and identity. Although officers concurrently held rank in various branches, after May 1918 their branch designation in official correspondence while on aviation assignment changed from "ASSC" (Aviation Section, Signal Corps) to "AS, USA" (Air Service, United States Army). After July 1, 1920, its personnel became members of the Air Service branch, receiving new commissions. During the war its responsibilities and functions were split between two coordinate agencies, the Division of Military Aeronautics (DMA) and the Bureau of Aircraft Production (BAP), each reporting directly to the Secretary of War, creating a dual authority over military aviation that caused unity of command difficulties. The seven-year history of the post-war Air Service was marked by a prolonged debate between adherents of air power and the supporters of the traditional military services about the value of an independent Air Force. Airmen such as Brig. Gen. Billy Mitchell supported the concept. The Army's senior leadership from World War I, the United States Navy, and the majority of the nation's political leadership favored integration of all military aviation into the Army and Navy. Aided by a wave of pacifism following the war that drastically cut military budgets, opponents of an independent air force prevailed. The Air Service was renamed the Army Air Corps in 1926 as a compromise in the continuing struggle.

WW1 ROYAL FLYING CORPS MKII RFC AVIATION GOGGLES

Lot #65a (Sale Order 99 of 952)

A Rare Set of First War British Mark II Flying Goggles by The Triplex Goggle Mask & Lens Co. Ltd. - This is a set of First War Mark II Flying Goggles by the Triplex Goggle Mask & Lens Co. Ltd., used by early flyers of Great Britain, These goggles are constructed of a main chocolate-colored leather face piece that is sewn onto a pair of slightly yellow-tinted broad teardrop-shaped goggles within a painted grey metal frame. The two lenses are separated via a hinge, allowing for some adjustment to the face. The obverse of the leather is maker marked “Goggle Mask Flying Mark II The Triplex Goggle Mask & Lens Co. Ltd.” in gold embossing beside the left eye. The reverse of the goggles are fur lined on the interior side. The goggles are cushioned around the lenses using brown felt to allow for a more comfortable fit. Attached to both sides of these flying goggles is a brown 19 mm wide elastic band with two size adjustment sliders. Excellent

WW1 339th INFANTRY TUNIC POLAR BEARS NAMED CO.F

Lot #66 (Sale Order 100 of 952)

OD green wool with infantry collar disk as well as USNA and ubiquitous Polar Bear patch on right sleeve and two overseas chevrons. The 339th Infantry (Michigan National Guard) was the largest combat unit in AEFNR. Tunic is named to Rex Conrad of Company F. to the interior. Excellent. North Russia intervention The 339th Regiment was created in June 1918, composed mainly of young draftees, for the purpose of fighting on the Western Front in France. Most of the 4,487 men were from Michigan, but some 500 draftees from Wisconsin were included. It was commonly referred to as "Detroit's Own". They were sent to fight the Bolsheviks in Northern Russia. They were nicknamed the "polar bears" because of their service there. On 30 July 1918, Gen Pershing, by order of President Wilson, chose the 339th Infantry Regiment, the 1st Battalion of the 310th Engineers, the 337th Field Hospital, and the 337th Ambulance Company, (all from the 85th Division) to form the Murmansk Expedition. These units are assembled and equipped at Cowshott Camp, Surrey, England. 9 August 1918, with Lt Col George Evans Stewart (later Col) of the 339th Inf as commanding officer of the expedition. 27 Aug 1918, the expedition, 143 officers and 4,344 enlisted men, sails from Newcastle upon Tyne, England, arrives Archangel, North Russia, 4 September, where, with other Allied forces, it becomes part of the command of Maj Gen F. C. Poole, British Army. American Headquarters is established at Archangel. Distribution of American troops begins along a front 450 miles long, extending from Onega in the west to Pinega in the east, and at some points 200 miles distant from the Archangel base. Elements of the 339th Infantry and attached units operate with the Allied forces to cover the main avenues of approach to Archangel from the south as follows: on the Onega River near Chekuevo; on the railway from Archangel to Vologda near Obozerskaya; on the Vaga River at Pinega. These forces were opposed by the Soviet Sixth Army. 30 September 1918, reinforcements, consisting of 17 officers and 486 enlisted men from the 85th Division, join. Between September 1918 and May 1919 many minor operations take place against the Soviet forces resulting in more than 500 American casualties. 26 October 1918, Major General Edmund Ironside, British Army, succeeds Major General Poole as commander of the Allied force. 9 April 1919, the American contingent is again redesignated, becoming the"American Expeditionary Force, North Russia"; Brig Gen Wilds P. Richardson assumes command of all American troops in North Russia, supreme command however continuing with the British. During May the Archangel contingent is concentrated in the region of that town preparatory to return to the United States. 3 June 1919, the contingent begins moving via Brest to the United States. 27 June 1919, last element, the 1st Battalion of the 310th Engineers, sails for Brest, en route to United States. In April 1919, the enlisted men Company I mutinied, challenging their officers and refusing orders. Chief of Staff Gen. March attributed the action "Bolshevik Propaganda" at a press conference on 12 April. Company I consisted almost entirely of men from Detroit. Only after leaving England, were the men told of their destination. Spanish Influenza broke out on two of the three transports, and seventy-two men would eventually succumb to the disease or resultant pneumonia.

WW1NORTH RUSSIA ARCHANGEL UNIFORM WWI

Lot #67 (Sale Order 101 of 952)

OD green wool with infantry E collar disk as well as USNA and NR patch on right sleeve and two overseas chevrons. Excellent. The North Russia intervention, also known as the Northern Russian expedition, the Archangel campaign, and the Murman deployment, was part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War after the October Revolution. The intervention brought about the involvement of foreign troops in the Russian Civil War on the side of the White movement. The movement was ultimately defeated, while the Allied forces withdrew from Northern Russia after fighting a number of defensive actions against the Bolsheviks, such as the Battle of Bolshie Ozerki. The campaign lasted from June 1918, during the final months of World War I, to October 1919. Reasons behind the campaign In March 1917, after the abdication of Russian Tsar Nicholas II and the formation of a provisional democratic government in Russia, the U.S. entered World War I. The U.S. government declared war on the German Empire in April (and later upon Austria-Hungary) after learning of the former's attempt to persuade Mexico to join the Central Powers. The Russian Provisional Government, led by Alexander Kerensky, pledged to continue fighting Imperial Germany on the Eastern Front. In return, the U.S. began providing economic and technical support to the Russian provisional government, so they could carry out their military pledge. The Russian offensive of 18 June 1917 was crushed by a German counteroffensive. The Russian Army was plagued by mutinies and desertions. Allied war materiel still in transit quickly began piling up in warehouses at Arkhangelsk (Archangel) and the ice-free port of Murmansk. Anxious to keep Russia in the war, the Royal Navy established the British North Russia Squadron under Admiral Kemp. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, came to power in October 1917 and established the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Five months later, they signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which formally ended the war on the Eastern Front. This allowed the German army to begin redeploying troops to the Western Front, where the depleted British and French armies had not yet been bolstered by the American Expeditionary Force. Coincidental with the Treaty, Lenin personally pledged that if the Czechoslovak Legion would stay neutral and leave Russia, they would enjoy safe passage through Siberia on their way to join the Allied forces on the Western Front. However, as the 50,000 members of the Legion made their way along the Trans-Siberian Railroad to Vladivostok, only half had arrived before the agreement broke down and fighting with the Bolsheviks ensued in May 1918. Also worrisome to the Allied Powers was the fact that in April 1918, a division of German troops had landed in Finland, creating fears they might try to capture the Murmansk–Petrograd railroad, the strategic port of Murmansk and possibly even the city of Arkhangelsk. Faced with these events, the leaders of the British and French governments decided the western Allied Powers needed to begin a military intervention in North Russia. They had three objectives: they hoped to prevent the Allied war materiel stockpiles in Arkhangelsk from falling into German or Bolshevik hands; to mount an offensive to rescue the Czechoslovak Legion, which was stranded along the Trans-Siberian Railroad and resurrect the Eastern Front; and by defeating the Bolshevik army with the assistance of the Czechoslovak Legion, to expand anti-communist forces drawn from the local citizenry. Severely short of troops to spare, the British and French requested that US President Woodrow Wilson provide U.S. troops for what was to be called the North Russia Campaign, or the Allied Intervention in North Russia. In July 1918, against the advice of the US War Department, Wilson agreed to a limited participation in the campaign by a contingent of U.S. Army soldiers of the 339th Infantry Regiment, that was hastily organized into the American North Russia Expeditionary Force, which came to be nicknamed the Polar Bear Expedition. Under his Aide Memoire, Wilson set the guidelines for American intervention by saying the purpose of American troops in Russia was "to guard military stores which may subsequently be needed by Russian forces and to render such aid as may be acceptable to the Russians in the organization of their own self-defense."

WW1 US AIR SERVICE 168TH SQUADRON UNIFORM WWI

Lot #68 (Sale Order 102 of 952)

A high quality, olive drab, M1912 wool whipcord tunic, with a stand-up collar fastened by two hooks and eyes. The four front patch pockets have button down scalloped flaps. The five large front closure buttons, and the four small pocket and two small shoulder strap buttons, are all embossed with an American eagle. To the right side of the stand-up collar is a 2.5cm diameter bronze disk with "U.S." embossed against a cross-hatched background. It is mounted to its reverse by a screw-back post. To the left side of the collar is a disk in the same material and dimensions, upon which is embossed the insignia of the wing and prop that is also mounted to its reverse by a screw-back post. A sleeve flash representing the 168th Air Service. The chest measures approximately 38". Included are a pair of coarse khaki wool breeches with five, metal alloy dish buttons marked "U.S. Army" to the front. The legs taper just below the knee where ten pair of metal grommets with cotton cord provide a secure fit. A small watch fob pocket is situated to the right side of the waistband and as well two front and two rear pockets are also present. The trousers are unlined with a waist that measures approximately 34". Overall excellent The 168th Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I. The squadron was assigned as a Corps Observation Squadron, performing short-range, tactical reconnaissance over the IV Corps, United States Second Army sector of the Western Front in France, providing battlefield intelligence. The squadron saw limited combat, and with Second Army's planned offensive drive on Metz cancelled due to the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron was assigned to the United States Third Army as part of the Occupation of the Rhineland in Germany. The squadron returned to the United States in July 1919 and was demobilized. The squadron was never reactivated and there is no current United States Air Force or Air National Guard successor unit. History Origins The 168th Aero Squadron was organized on 12 December 1917 at Kelly Field, Texas, with 154 recruits being assigned to the squadron on the 19th. The squadron began a program of drill and indoctrination into the Air Service. On 18 December, the squadron was ordered to report to the Aviation Concentration Center, Hazelhurst Field, Long Island, and arrived on 26 December for overseas duty. There, about 60 members of the squadron were placed in training schools for three weeks while the remainder performed guard duty and camp maintenance duty. On 31 January 1918, the squadron was ordered to report to the United States Port of Entry, Hoboken, New Jersey and boarded HMS Adriatic. The crossing of the Atlantic was uneventful, Adriatic being in a convoy of 14 ships, arriving at Liverpool, England on 16 Funerary. From Liverpool, the squadron traveled by train to the Ramsey Rest Camp, Winchester. Training in England After spending 11 days at Ramsey, the 168th was assigned to the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) for training. The squadron was divided into four flights, A, B, C, and D. A and B Flights were sent to RFC Tedcester in Yorkshire and C and D Flights were sent to RFC Doncester, also in Yorkshire to be trained by the British in aircraft assembly, engine repair, motor vehicles and other aspects of operating a combat squadron on the front. After five months of training, the squadron was re-assembled at Flower Down Rest Camp, Winchester on 7 August 1918. A final inspection there was made, and preparations were made for the squadron to be sent into combat in France. On 11 August, orders were received for the 168th to proceed to the Air Service Replacement Concentration Center, St. Maixent Replacement Barracks in France. The squadron first went to Southampton for the cross-channel trip to Le Havre, reaching St. Maixent on 14 August where the 168th was classified as a Corps Observation squadron. From there, the squadron proceeded to the Air Service Production Center No. 2., Romorantin Aerodrome, on 19 August where the squadron received Dayton-Wright DH-4 aircraft. The next stop on the journey to the front lines was to the 1st Air Depot at Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome on 26 August where the men of the squadron were fully equipped and given gas mask training. Next, on 2 September, a move was made to Autreville Airdrome where for the next five weeks, the squadron trained on the DH-4s and performed camp duties. Toul Sector Finally, on 5 October, the 168th moved to Croix de Metz Aerodrome, near Toul, where the squadron was assigned to the IV Corps Observation Group, Second Army and immediately began preparations for active combat service.

WW1 MARINE CORPS RECRUITING POSTER SOLDIERS WWI

Lot #68a (Sale Order 103 of 952)

Marine Corps Recruiting Poster "Soldiers of the Sea". 27" x 36.75"," Artist: J.C. Leyendecker. No date. The image is of two Marines in dress blue uniforms and bell crown hats flanking a pedestal with a gold eagle, globe, and anchor device, the symbol of the Marine Corps. One Marine holds his 1903 Springfield rifle; the other blows a bugle. On either side of the central image are black and white photos of typical Marine training and garrison life of the period. Excellent

WW1 MARINE CORPS RECRUITING POSTER SOLDIERS WWI

Lot #68b (Sale Order 104 of 952)

Vintage Marine Corps Recruiting Poster "Soldiers of the Sea". 26.75" x 37.75"" Artist: J.C. Leyendecker. No date. A wonderfully evocative poster that harkens back to the Marine Corps "Little Wars" era. The image is of two Marines in khaki uniforms and their iconic campaign hats signaling to battleships waiting offshore. A palm gives the scene a tropical air which might remind one of the Marine's 1915 excursion into Haiti to fight the Cacos rebels. Flanking the central image are black and white photos of typical Marine training and garrison life of the period. Excellent

CIVIL WAR PERIOD WOOD FIFE LOT OF 3 W LEATHER CASE

Lot #69 (Sale Order 105 of 952)

Lot of three Civil War period fifes including one reproduction leather carrying case. All three are brown wooden fifes that features one large hole toward the bottom and six smaller holes further down the shaft. All are very good to excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN AUSTRIAN MEDAL LOT OF 9 WWI

Lot #70 (Sale Order 106 of 952)

WW1 medal lot to include 1) 1898 Austrian Commemorative Medal Signvm Memoriae. 2) Austrian Karl Troop Cross Medal. 3) Austrian Iron Merit Cross 1916 Medal. 4) 1898 Austrian Commemorative Medal Signvm Memoriae. 5) Imperial German Cross of Merit for War Aid 6) Imperial German Combatants Cross of Honor 7) Prussian Commemorative Cross for 1866. 8) Four placement medal bar 9) Prussian Commemorative Cross for 1866.

CONFEDERATE REUNION BADGE LOT UCV SONS OF VETERANS

Lot #71 (Sale Order 107 of 952)

Large grouping of UCV and Sons of Confederate Veterans badges to include 1) Boxed UDC Service/Southern Cross. 2) Order of the Stars and Bars medal 3) Sons of Confederate Veterans Service Medal. 4) Order of the Stars and Bars Medal 5) 59th General Convention of the Sons Of Confederate Veterans ribbon named to the Adjutant In Chief Dr. William D. McCain. 6) Lower portion of a UCV ribbon with celluloid badge. 7) 47th Annual Reunion of Virginia Division of Confederate Veterans ribbon. 8) Sons of the American Revolutionary War Medal. 9) Patriotic Confederate rifle pin. 10) Two miniature medals of the Order of Stars and Bars Medals. 11) Memphis UCV badge

CIVIL WAR MUSICIANS ROSEWOOD BAND FIFE

Lot #71a (Sale Order 108 of 952)

Civil War rosewood fife with German silver end pieces. Fife measures 16.5 and is maker marked William Hall & Son 239 Broadway New York NY. B " Excellent. During the Civil War, there were three musical instruments that were a part of the battlefield, and others used in camp. Some regiments had full bands for use in parades and as entertainment away from the battlefield. The fife was an old instrument, basically a flute with a limited range of notes, and useful on the battlefield because it was pitched so high that its sound carried over many of the sounds of battle. By the time of the Civil War, the larger battles made more noise, and so the fife was being rendered obsolete for its original purpose, but was still used on marches.

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 76TH INFANTRY

Lot #72 (Sale Order 109 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 10th Company of the 76th Infantry Regiment of Hamburg Germany for 1902 - 1904 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Romer and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 53 inches in total length with a complete roster to the reverse of the bowl.

IMPERIAL GERMAN NAVT RESERVISTS PIPE 1906 DATED

Lot #73 (Sale Order 110 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 2nd Company of the 4th Marine Artillery of Cuxhaven Germany for 1906 - 1909 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Wieser and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 53 inches in total length with Naval scenes and a large Kriegsflagge in the background. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN SMOKING PIPE W/ ROMANTIC MOTIF

Lot #74 (Sale Order 111 of 952)

Imperial German short pipe with a bowl scene of an alpine man bringing his sweetheart a bouquet of edelweiss flowers and is finely crafted of cherry wood and measures 26 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN HUNTING SCENE SHORT PIPE

Lot #75 (Sale Order 112 of 952)

Imperial German short pipe with a bowl scene of two deer and is finely crafted of cherry wood and measures 28 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN PATRIOTIC SMALL SMOKING PIPE

Lot #76 (Sale Order 113 of 952)

Imperial German Patriotic small pipe depicting the three Emperors, Kaiser Wilhelm I, Kaiser Frederick III, and finely Kaiser Wilhelm II crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 27 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 120TH REGT 1891

Lot #77 (Sale Order 114 of 952)

Imperial German Patriotic small pipe of a proud shoe maker displaying his tools of the trade. He was a member of the 6th Company of the 120th Regiment of Württemberg crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 23 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 33RD ARTILLERY

Lot #78 (Sale Order 115 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the F Battery of the 33rd Artillery Regiment of ST. Arold Germany for 1890 maneuvers. Named to Reservist Stoffen and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 48 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL AUSTRIAN PATRIOTIC SMOKING PIPE W/ KAISER

Lot #79 (Sale Order 116 of 952)

Imperial Austrian Patriotic short pipe with Franz Josef I on the bowl and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 19 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL GERMAN TEUTONIC ORDER ALL BONE PIPE

Lot #80 (Sale Order 117 of 952)

Imperial German long pipe to the Teutonic Order and is finely crafted of all bone and measures 38 inches in total length. Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN PATRIOTIC SMALL SMOKING PIPE

Lot #81 (Sale Order 118 of 952)

Imperial Austrian small pipe Kronprinzessin Stephanie and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 14 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL SMOKING PIPE 15TH REGT

Lot #82 (Sale Order 119 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 15th Infantry Regiment for 1912 sport in military maneuvers. Named to Willy Nishen and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 32 inches in total length

WWI IMPERIAL GERMAN WOMEN'S TRENCH RING 1914-16

Lot #82a (Sale Order 120 of 952)

Scarce example of a World War I "Frauendank" women's ring. Dated 1914-16. Unsigned and crudely made, as these were meant to be souvenir items. Has some wear on the top. Very Good

WW1 US ARMY OFFICER RIDING BOOTS W/ SPURS WWI

Lot #83 (Sale Order 121 of 952)

WW1 period riding or Officer boots with spurs that are roughly a size 11 and are in very good condition. Leather is slightly dry but should clean up very nicely.

WWI US NAVY UNIFORM WITH PANS + HAT USS SENECA

Lot #83a (Sale Order 122 of 952)

World War I era US navy sailor's uniform. Includes large hat with USS Seneca cap tally, and has pinback World War I Victory Medal ribbon bar on the left chest. Uniform is all wool construction and has the stencil painted name "C. E. Parker" in the lower rear interior. No apparent flaws to the top, pants have light age and wear. Very Good

WW1 LARGE LOT OF WW1 US ARMY FIELD GEAR MESS KITS

Lot #84 (Sale Order 123 of 952)

Large lot of WW1 US Army field gear including 1) U.S. WWI gas mask. Complete with canister and carrying bag with shoulder strap size marked 3. 2) WWI canteen, cup and cover. Marked A. J. Bates Co. 1- 1918 on inside right flap of liner. In very good condition. 3) WWI ammo belt. Made by Mills Woven Cartridge Belt. Worcester, Mass. Dimensions: 40" length. 4) WWI US Army backpack stamped and dated "Rock Island Arsenal 1918" Some stains present and repairs present but overall in good to very good condition still retaining the original mess kit and eating utensils. 5) WW1 US Army 1918 dated metal mess kit in excellent condition. British made Doughboy leather jerkin with several small tears. 6) WW1 British made doughboy helmet with partial liner and chinstrap in poor condition. 7) WW1 US Artillery Campaign Hat complete with chinstrap and sweatband.

WW1 CASED IMPERIAL GERMAN CROSS OF HONOR WWI

Lot #85 (Sale Order 124 of 952)

Die struck, cased, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbon and issue case. Instituted in July of 1934 by von Hindenburg (resulting in its erroneous designation as the "Hindenburg Cross") to recognize service in WWI. It ranked beneath bravery awards but above other service and campaign awards.

AUSTRIAN M1861 INFANTRY OFFICER’S SWORD SCABBARD

Lot #85a (Sale Order 125 of 952)

WWI Austrian Sword with Scabbard. Sword retains it's excellent original finish. Shark Skin grip is in excellent condition with original wire wrap nice and tight. Overall Length- 40 1/2". Blade Length 33 1/2". Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN MEDAL BAR LOT OF 2 WWI 1870

Lot #86 (Sale Order 126 of 952)

Imperial German medal bar lot to include 1) Two placement medals including Prussian Military Honor Medal 2nd Class 1814. It is die struck and silver based. The obverse features features an embossed inscription that reads: "Verdienst Um Den Staat" surrounded by a laurel leaf wreath. The reverse depicts a large crowned cypher of Friedrich Wilhelm III. The medal patinaed and aged quite nicely with time. Combatants Cross of Honor 1914 1918. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. Complete with original pinback device. 2) Imperial German Army War Commemorative Medal of 1870-71. A “Kriegsdenkmünze für die Feldzüge 1870-71); in bronze. Wilhelm I Centenary Medal 1797-1897 (bronze gilt. Mounted to a suspension with pin back, original ribbons.

PRE WWII REICHSWEHR EM/NCO'S BELT & BELT BUCKLE

Lot #86a (Sale Order 127 of 952)

A 48mm x 62mm, die stamped, two piece, nickel/silver alloy construction, box buckle features a pebbled outer field with a high relief, embossed, Weimar style, national eagle with down-swept wings, to the slightly domed, smooth finished, center, encompassed by a laurel leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The laurel leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is complete with its catch and prong bar assembly. Unmarked. Comes with a leather belt measuring 42 inches. Excellent

WW1 CAMO PAINTED 302nd MOTOR TRANSPORT HELMET

Lot #87 (Sale Order 128 of 952)

This very unusual camo painted helmet is from a member of the 302nd Motor Transport Battalion. The helmet features to the front, a creature with an open mouth about to swallow a red salamander. Around the helmet looks like explosions bombarding a town and to the reverse of the helmet is a foreign soldier with a rifle on his shoulder.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN M1917 GASMASK & CANISTER WWI

Lot #88 (Sale Order 129 of 952)

The 1917 pattern, heavily oiled leather mask, with the smooth side to the interior. The leather is still quite supple. All of the retaining straps and fabric covered springs are intact. The magnetic sheet metal eye sockets, with age yellowed clear lenses, are all intact. The lenses have a separate cut-out sheet metal "sight," consisting of a central circle with six retaining arms, emanating from the center to the edges. A field-grey painted, sheet metal filter attachment fitting is to the mask bottom. The top lid has the fold back with swivel wire attachment. The spare lens case located in the cover and has a spare set of lenses included.

WW1 RIMLESS BRODIE 79TH DIVISION PAINTED HELMET

Lot #89 (Sale Order 130 of 952)

WW1 British made rimless Brodie 79th Division painted helmet with liner but missing chinstrap. The helmet is in overall very good condition and finding a rimless Brodie helmet these days is exceeding hard. Brodie's are easily identifiable because they are non magnetic unlike other WW1 helmet. Only 4400 helmets in WWI where Rimless and this is one of them. World War I Activated: August 1917 Overseas: July 1918 Major operations: Meuse-Argonne Casualties: Total-6,874 (KIA-1,151 ; WIA-5,723) Commanders: Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (25 August 1917), Brig. Gen. William Jones Nicholson (26 November 1917), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (17 February 1918), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (16 April 1918), Brig. Gen. W. J. Nicholson (22 May 1918), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (8 June 1918), Brig. Gen. W. J. Nicholson (28 June 1918), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (23 July 1918), Brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (29 December 1918), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (31 December 1918), Brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (19 January 1919), Brig. Gen. John S. Winn (2 February 1919), Brig. Gen. Andrew Hero Jr. (3 February 1919), Brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (9 February 1919), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (28 February 1919), brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (16 March 1919), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (30 March 1919), Brig. Gen. Joseph S. Winn (4 May 1919), Maj. Gen. Joseph E. Kuhn (8 May 1919). Returned to U.S.: May 1919 Inactivated: June 1919 Order of battle Headquarters, 79th Division 157th Infantry Brigade 313th Infantry Regiment 314th Infantry Regiment 311th Machine Gun Battalion 158th Infantry Brigade 315th Infantry Regiment 316th Infantry Regiment 312th Machine Gun Battalion 154th Field Artillery Brigade 310th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) 311th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) 312th Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm) 304th Trench Mortar Battery 310th Machine Gun Battalion 304th Engineer Regiment 304th Field Signal Battalion Headquarters Troop, 79th Division 304th Train Headquarters and Military Police 304th Ammunition Train 304th Supply Train 304th Engineer Train 304th Sanitary Train 313th, 314th, 315th, and 316th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals Combat chronicle The division was first activated at Camp Meade, Maryland in August 1917, composed primarily of draftees from Maryland and Pennsylvania. After a year of training the division sailed overseas in July 1918. The 79th Division saw extensive combat in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive area where it earned the name of "Cross of Lorraine" for their defense of France. The division was inactivated June 1919 and returned to the United States. Throughout its entire World War I campaign, the division suffered 6,874 casualties with 1,151 killed and 5,723 wounded. Private Henry Gunther, the last American soldier to be killed in action during World War I, served with the 313th Infantry Regiment of the 79th Division.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN M1915 GASMASK & CANISTER WWI

Lot #90 (Sale Order 131 of 952)

The Gummimaske M15 is made of impermeable rubberized cotton fabric. The stamped round metal frames in eye glasses are made of non-combustible celluloid (Missing). The mask is held on the head by two elastic bands. A neck strap allows the gas mask to worn ready for use. In 1916 the storage can carried in the canvas bag was fitted with two straps, sometimes made of „ersatz“ paper-cloth. The original paper-cloth straps were present and durable.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN M1917 GASMASK & CANISTER WWI

Lot #91 (Sale Order 132 of 952)

The 1917 pattern, leather mask, with the smooth side to the interior. The leather is still quite supple. All of the retaining straps and fabric covered springs are intact. The magnetic sheet metal eye sockets, with clear lenses, are all intact. The lenses have a separate cut-out sheet metal "sight," consisting of a central circle with six retaining arms, emanating from the center to the edges. A field-grey painted, sheet metal filter attachment fitting is to the mask bottom. The top lid has the fold back, swivel wire attachment. The spare lens case located in the cover and has a spare set of lenses included. Excellent with original strapping.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN NAVY 5 PLACE MEDAL BAR WWI

Lot #92 (Sale Order 133 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German 5 placement medal bar including 1) IRON CROSS 2ND CLASS. 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. 2) HESSEN GENERAL HONOR DECORATION MEDAL. Germany, Hessen-Darmstadt. General Honor Decoration, “Fur Tapferkeit” reverse. 3) HAMBURG HANSEATIC CROSS. A two piece, die struck alloy and enamel construction, slightly convex cross with circular centerpiece. The obverse is in translucent red enamel with underlying ribs to the arms of the cross and pebbling to the centerpiece. The centerpiece also has a silvered City crest of Hamburg consisting of a fortress with two Martello towers flanking a central tower with domed top. The Martello towers have a small star above each and the central tower is topped with a cross. The silver washed reverse has the embossed gothic script to its centerpiece, "Fur Verdienst im Kriege 1914". (For Meritorious Service in War). 4) PRUSSIAN 15 YEAR HONORABLE SERVICE MEDAL. Constructed bronze, presents as Cross Pattée with obverse central royal crown, reverse inscribed with central “XV”, unmarked, cross measuring 36 mm x 40 mm. 5) GERMAN NAVY ASSOCIATION WAR COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL 1914/1918 with "SKAGERRAK" clasp. All are in excellent condition.

WW1 US AIR SERVICE FLIGHT HELMET BRITISH RAC WWI

Lot #93 (Sale Order 134 of 952)

WW1 British or US tan leather flight helmet with a large brass grommet vent hole to the top center of the helmet. Snaps, buckle and strap all complete. Roughly a size 7. Excellent condition!

WW1 FOR HOME AND COUNTRY WAR BOND POSTER WWI

Lot #94 (Sale Order 135 of 952)

Original near MINT WW1 For Home and Country Victory Liberty Loan Poster. Great image of Soldier and Family with wife holding the Doughboy's DSC. Artist Alfred Everitt Orr. 30" x 19 1/2" Alfred Everitt Orr (1886 - 1962). Orr was a New York artist, noted for his highly sensitive portraits.

WW1 M1907 BRITISH BAYONET 1917 DATED WILKINSON WWI

Lot #95 (Sale Order 136 of 952)

WW1 British M1907 Bayonet with Scabbard Dated 1917 by Wilkinson in excellent condition. Design The Pattern 1907 bayonet consisted of a one-piece steel blade and tang, with a crossguard and pommel made from wrought iron or mild steel, and a wooden grip usually of walnut secured to the tang by two screws. The entire bayonet was 21 3/4 inches (550 mm) long and weighed 16 1/2 ounces (470 g), although the weight of production models varied from 16 to 18 ounces (450 to 510 g). Originally the bayonet featured a hooked lower quillion, intended to be used to trap and snap enemy bayonets when grappling, this was later deemed impractical and replaced with a simpler design from 1913, often unit armorers subsequently removed the hooked quillion when the bayonet went for repair, although there is no evidence that this was officially directed. The Pattern 1907 bayonet's blade was 17 inches (430 mm) long, it had a shallow fuller that was machined into both sides of the blade to save weight and add strength, the fuller was 12 inches (300 mm) long that extended to within 3 inches (76 mm) of the tip. The Pattern 1907 bayonet was supplied with a simple leather scabbard flitted with a steel top-mount and chape, it was usually carried from the belt by a simple frog. The Pattern 1907 bayonet attached to the SMLE by a boss located below the barrel on the nose of the rifle and a mortise groove on the pommel of the bayonet. The combined length of the SMLE and Pattern 1907 bayonet was 5 feet 2 inches (1.57 m). Markings Official marks were stamped onto the Pattern 1907 bayonet's ricasso. On British manufactured bayonets the right side included an 'X' bend-test mark, a broad arrow government acceptance mark, and one or more Royal Small Arms Factory appointed inspector's marks, on the left side was the date of the bayonet's official inspection and the maker's name and the reigning monarch's crown and royal cypher, 'ER' (Edward Rex) and after 1910 'GR' (George Rex). Indian bayonets were marked similarly to British bayonets except the royal cypher read 'GRI' (George Rex Imperator) and the manufacturer's mark was 'R.F.I.' (Rifle Factory Ishapore). Australian bayonets differed in the manufacturer's marks, with 'Lithgow' (Lithgow Small Arms Factory), 'MA' (Mangrovite Arsenal) and 'OA' (Orange Arsenal). The wooden grips of World War II era Australian bayonets were often marked 'SLAZ' for Slazenger, who made the grips during that war. History When the British military adopted the Short Magazine Lee-Enfield rifle and its barrel was shortened to 25.2 inches (640 mm), 5 inches (130 mm) shorter than the preceding Magazine Lee-Enfield. British military strategists were fearful that the British infanteer would be at a disadvantage when engaged in a bayonet duel with enemy soldiers who retained a longer reach, bayonet fighting drills formed a significant part of a contemporary British infanteer's training, soldiers were drilled in various stances and parrying techniques against an enemy also armed with rifle and bayonet. The combined length of the SMLE and the in-service Pattern 1903 bayonet and its 12-inch (300 mm) blade was 4 feet 9 inches (1.45 m), shorter than the contemporary French Lebel Model 1886 and bayonet at 6 feet (1.8 m) and the German Mauser 1898 at 5 feet 10 inches (1.77 m) and bayonet. In 1906–7 the British Army conducted trials to find a new longer standard issue bayonet, experiments were conducted with a number of foreign bayonet designs, including a modified version of the American Model 1905 bayonet and the Japanese Type 30 bayonet. The trials resulted in the British Army adopting its own version of the Type 30 bayonet, the new design was designated Sword bayonet, pattern 1907 (Mark I) and was officially introduced on 30 January 1908. Approximately 5,000,000 Pattern 1907 bayonets were made in Britain during World War I, the makers were Wilkinson Sword, Sanderson Brothers & Newbould Ltd, James A. Chapman, Robert Mole & Sons and Vickers Ltd, additionally Remington UMC produced approximately 100,000 during the war. The Pattern 1907 bayonet was manufactured in India from 1911 to 1940 at the Rifle Factory Ishapore and in Australia from 1913 to 1927 then again between 1940 and 1945 at the Lithgow Small Arms Factory, Mangrovite Arsenal and Orange Arsenal. The Pattern 1907 bayonet was adopted by most of the British Commonwealth along with the SMLE, it saw broad front line service until 1945, seeing service in both World War I and World War II, it remained in Australian and Indian service for some time after 1945. In 1926 the 1907 bayonet was reclassified as the 'Bayonet, No.1, Mk.1'

WW1 CHRISTY FIGHT or BUY BONDS 3rd WAR LOAN POSTER

Lot #96 (Sale Order 137 of 952)

CHRISTY, Howard Chandler Fight or Buy Bonds. Third Liberty Loan Boston: Forbes, 1917.Original poster. Lithograph. Measures 30 x 20 1/4". This beautifully-rendered World War I-era poster is a fine example of the work of Howard Chandler Christy, one of the foremost illustrators of wartime posters in the US. This poster features one of the artist's typical "Christy Girls" waving an American flag with a backdrop of storming troops behind her. The scene is rendered in a watercolor-like style that likely contributed greatly to the poster's effectiveness in motivating American citizens to support the war effort. The poster was released by Third Liberty Loan, which was the largest fund-raising effort in American history to that date. The poster is in good condition with minor edge wear near the top right edges. Fold along center of poster. A lovely example of Christy's work and an icon of the World War I era. Howard Chandler Christy (1873-1952) was an American magazine illustrator who gained a reputation for military scenes thanks to pictures he made during the Spanish-American War. His World War I posters were incredibly popular as well, particular in his distinct depiction of charming women with strong values.

WW1 ENLISTED GARRISON BELT M1910 MINT W/ POUCHES

Lot #97 (Sale Order 138 of 952)

WWI “MILLS” Garrison Belt M1910 MARCH 1917 and 2 Cartridge Pouches both dated April 1917. Here’s the ICONIC “MILLS” Enlisted Men’s M1910 GARRISON BELT produced by the famous supplier of its patented military equipment's to the world’s armies, the Mills Woven Cartridge Belt Company of Worcester Massachusetts, the innovator of the their unique “puckered” pockets’ later copied by Russell Manufacturing Company. Due to the Army’s frugality, by the end of WW1 Q.M. contracts called for less costly Belts and Equipment's and these handsome, intricately woven items went the way of the Passenger Pigeon: extinction. This PRISTINE example is dated “MARCH 1917” — only weeks BEFORE President Woodrow Wilson on APRIL 2, 1917 declared our entry in the Great European War that had been raging on several continents and the high seas since 1914! Both of the MINT woven CARTRIDGE POUCHES are CRISPLY stamped with the “MILLS” bullet logos and are dated “MARCH 1917” and “MAR. 1917”

WW1 US AIR SERVICE PILOT OVERSEAS CAP OR HAT WWI

Lot #98 (Sale Order 139 of 952)

WW1 US Air Service Pilot overseas cap with captain's bars. Cap is overall in excellent condition and roughly a size 7 1/4. Excellent The United States Army Air Service (USAAS) (also known as the "Air Service", "U.S. Air Service" and before its legislative establishment in 1920, the "Air Service, United States Army") was the aerial warfare service component of the United States Army between 1918 and 1926 and a forerunner of the United States Air Force. It was established as an independent but temporary branch of the U.S. War Department during World War I by two executive orders of President Woodrow Wilson: on May 24, 1918, replacing the Aviation Section, Signal Corps as the nation's air force; and March 19, 1919, establishing a military Director of Air Service to control all aviation activities. Its life was extended for another year in July 1919, during which time Congress passed the legislation necessary to make it a permanent establishment. The National Defense Act of 1920 assigned the Air Service the status of "combatant arm of the line" of the United States Army with a major general in command. In France, the Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force, a separate entity under commanding General John J. Pershing that conducted the combat operations of U.S. military aviation, began field service in the spring of 1918. By the end of the war, the Air Service used 45 squadrons to cover 137 kilometers (85 miles) of front from Pont-à-Mousson to Sedan. 71 pursuit pilots were credited with shooting down five or more German aircraft while in American service. Overall the Air Service destroyed 756 enemy aircraft and 76 balloons in combat. 17 balloon companies also operated at the front, making 1,642 combat ascensions. 289 airplanes and 48 balloons were lost in battle. The Air Service was the first form of the air force to have an independent organizational structure and identity. Although officers concurrently held rank in various branches, after May 1918 their branch designation in official correspondence while on aviation assignment changed from "ASSC" (Aviation Section, Signal Corps) to "AS, USA" (Air Service, United States Army). After July 1, 1920, its personnel became members of the Air Service branch, receiving new commissions. During the war its responsibilities and functions were split between two coordinate agencies, the Division of Military Aeronautics (DMA) and the Bureau of Aircraft Production (BAP), each reporting directly to the Secretary of War, creating a dual authority over military aviation that caused unity of command difficulties. The seven-year history of the post-war Air Service was marked by a prolonged debate between adherents of airpower and the supporters of the traditional military services about the value of an independent Air Force. Airmen such as Brig. Gen. Billy Mitchell supported the concept. The Army's senior leadership from World War I, the United States Navy, and the majority of the nation's political leadership favored integration of all military aviation into the Army and Navy. Aided by a wave of pacifism following the war that drastically cut military budgets, opponents of an independent air force prevailed. The Air Service was renamed the Army Air Corps in 1926 as a compromise in the continuing struggle.

WW1 US AIR SERVICE CRASH PHOTOS CURTISS AIR PLANES

Lot #99 (Sale Order 140 of 952)

WW1 US Air Service crash photos of what looks like Curtiss JN-4 Airplanes. There are 9 black and white 1st generation photos of primarily 3 different air planes. Each photo measures 4 X 5 inches. Design and development Curtiss combined the best features of the model J and model N trainers, built for the Army and Navy, and began producing the JN or "Jenny" series of aircraft in 1915. Curtiss built only a limited number of the JN-1 and JN-2 biplanes. The design was commissioned by Glenn Curtiss from Englishman Benjamin Douglas Thomas, formerly of the Sopwith Aviation Company. The JN-2 was an equal-span biplane with ailerons controlled by a shoulder yoke in the aft cockpit. It was deficient in performance, particularly climbing, because of excessive weight. The improved JN-3 incorporated unequal spans with ailerons only on the upper wings, controlled by a wheel. In addition, a foot bar was added to control the rudder. The 1st Aero Squadron of the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps received eight JN-2s at San Diego in July 1915. The squadron was transferred to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, in August to work with the Field Artillery School, during which one JN-2 crashed, resulting in a fatality. The pilots of the squadron met with its commander, Capt. Benjamin Foulois, to advise that the JN-2 was unsafe because of low power, shoddy construction, lack of stability, and overly sensitive rudder. Foulois and his executive officer Capt. Thomas D. Milling disagreed, and flights continued until a second JN-2 crashed in early September, resulting in the grounding of the six remaining JN-2s until mid-October. When two new JN-3s were delivered, the grounded aircraft were then upgraded in accordance with the new design. In March 1916, these eight JN-3s were deployed to Mexico for aerial observation during the Pancho Villa Expedition of 1916–1917. After the successful deployment of the JN-3, Curtiss produced a development, known as the JN-4, with orders from both the US Army and an order in December 1916 from the Royal Flying Corps for a training aircraft to be based in Canada. The Canadian version, the JN-4 (Canadian), also known as the "Canuck", had some differences from the American version, including a lighter airframe, ailerons on both wings, a bigger and more rounded rudder, and differently shaped wings, stabilizer, and elevators. As many as 12 JN-4 aircraft were fitted with an aftermarket Sikorsky wing by the then fledgling company in the late 1920s. Operational history The Curtiss JN-4 is possibly North America's most famous World War I aircraft. It was widely used during World War I to train beginning pilots, with an estimated 95% of all trainees having flown a JN-4. The U.S. version was called "Jenny", a derivation from its official designation. It was a twin-seat (student in front of instructor) dual-control biplane. Its tractor propeller and maneuverability made it ideal for initial pilot training with a 90 hp (67 kW) Curtiss OX-5 V8 engine giving a top speed of 75 mph (121 km/h) and a service ceiling of 6,500 ft (2,000 m). The British used the JN-4 (Canadian), along with the Avro 504, for their primary World War I trainer using the Canadian Aeroplanes Ltd. indigenous variant. Many Royal Flying Corps pilots earned their wings on the JN-4, both in Ontario and later in winter facilities at Camp Taliaferro, Texas. Although ostensibly a training aircraft, the Jenny was extensively modified while in service to undertake additional roles. Due to its robust but easily adapted structure able to be modified with ski undercarriage, the Canadian Jenny was flown year-round, even in inclement weather. The removable turtle-deck behind the cockpits allowed for conversion to stretcher or additional supplies and equipment storage, with the modified JN-4s becoming the first aerial ambulances, carrying out this role both during wartime and in later years. Most of the 6,813 Jennys built were unarmed, although some had machine guns and bomb racks for advanced training. With deployment limited to North American bases, none saw combat service in World War I. The Curtiss factory in Buffalo, New York, was the largest such facility in the world, but due to production demands, from November 1917 to January 1919, six different manufacturers were involved in production of the definitive JN-4D. Production from spare or reconditioned parts continued sporadically until 1927, although most of the final orders were destined for the civil market in Canada and the United States. Like the re-engined 'JN-4H' version of the most-produced JN-4 subtype, the final production version of the aircraft was the JN-6, powered by a Wright Aeronautical license-built, 150-hp (112-kW) Hispano-Suiza 8 V-8, first ordered in 1918 for the US Navy. A floatplane version was built for the Navy which was so modified, it was essentially a different airframe.

WW1 SERBIAN COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL 1914 - 1918 CASED

Lot #100 (Sale Order 141 of 952)

Serbian WWI Commemorative Medal for the War 1914-1918 - Bronze, 39 mm, on an original triangular ribbon, light contact, near extremely fine with the original cardboard box.

WW1 BRITISH MADE US ARMY OFICERS OVERSEAS CAP

Lot #101 (Sale Order 142 of 952)

WW1 US Army British made overseas cap M1913 in excellent condition. Easily identifiable by the double button front. Cap is in excellent condition with very minor moth damage.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN NAVY 5 PLACE MEDAL BAR WWI

Lot #101a (Sale Order 143 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German 5 place Kaiserliche medal bar to include 1) Iron Cross 2nd Class 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. 2) Navy Veteran’s Cross in bronze with Durchbruchschlacht (1918) campaign clasp. 3) Prussian Military Long Service Medal for 12 Years 4) Kyffhäuser 1914/1918 Service Medal 5) German Honor Medal of the World War. Excellent

WW1 US NAVY THUMBPRINT DOG TAG ID DISK WWI W CHAIN

Lot #102 (Sale Order 144 of 952)

World War One United States Thumbprint Navy Dog Tag - ID Disk. Clean example to H. S. Schialing. Born on 1/1/1897, enlisted on 4/4/1918.

WW1 PERIOD THOMPSON SUBMACHINE GUN POSTER WWI

Lot #103 (Sale Order 145 of 952)

WW1 Period advertising poster for the famed Auto-Ordnance Submachine Gun. Broadside measures 14 X 11 inches and in very good condition. History and service Development General John T. Thompson developed the Thompson Submachine Gun. He originally envisioned an "auto rifle" (semi-automatic rifle) to replace the bolt action service rifles then in use, but he came across a patent issued to John Bell Blish in 1915 while searching for a way to allow his weapon to operate safely without the complexity of a recoil or gas-operated reloading mechanism. Blish's design was based on the adhesion of inclined metal surfaces under pressure. Thompson gained financial backing from Thomas F. Ryan and started the Auto-Ordnance Company in 1916 for the purpose of developing his "auto rifle". It was primarily developed in Cleveland, Ohio, and the principal designers were Theodore H. Eickhoff, Oscar V. Payne, and George E. Goll. By late 1917, the limits of the Blish Principle were discovered; rather than working as a locked breech, it functioned as a friction-delayed blowback action. It was found that the only cartridge currently in service that was suitable for use with the lock was the .45 ACP round. Thompson then envisioned a "one-man, hand-held machine gun" in .45 ACP as a "trench broom" for use in the ongoing trench warfare of World War I. Payne designed the gun and its stick and drum magazines. The project was then titled "Annihilator I", and most of the design issues had been resolved by 1918; however, the war ended two days before prototypes could be shipped to Europe. At an Auto-Ordnance board meeting in 1919 to discuss the marketing of the "Annihilator", with the war now over, the weapon was officially renamed the "Thompson Submachine Gun". While other weapons had been developed shortly prior with similar objectives in mind, the Thompson was the first weapon to be labeled and marketed as a "submachine gun". Thompson intended the weapon as an automatic "trench-broom" to sweep enemy troops from the trenches, filling a role for which the Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) had been proven ill-suited. This concept had already been developed by German troops using their own Bergmann MP 18, the world's first submachine gun, in concert with Sturmtruppen tactics. Early use The Thompson first entered production as the M1921. It was available to civilians, although poor sales resulted from the expense of the weapon; the Thompson gun with one Type XX 20 shot "stick" magazine was priced at $200 in 1921 (equivalent to $2,867 in 2019). M1921 Thompsons were sold in small quantities to the United States Postal Inspection Service to protect the mail from a spate of robberies and to the United States Marine Corps. Federal sales were followed by sales to several police departments in the US and minor international sales to various armies and constabulary forces, chiefly in Central and South America. The Marines used their Thompsons in the Banana Wars and in China. It was popular as a point-defense weapon for countering ambush by Nicaraguan guerrillas, and led to the organization of four-man fire teams with as much firepower as a nine-man rifle squad. The major complaints against the Thompson were its weight, inaccuracy at ranges over 50 yards (46 m), and the lack of penetrating power of the .45 ACP pistol cartridge. Some of the first batches of Thompsons were bought in America by agents of the Irish Republic, notably Harry Boland. The first test of a Thompson in Ireland was performed by West Cork Brigade commander Tom Barry in presence of IRA leader Michael Collins. They purchased a total of 653, but US customs authorities in New York seized 495 of them in June 1921. The remainder made their way to the Irish Republican Army by way of Liverpool and were used in the last month of the Irish War of Independence (1919–21). After a truce with the British in July 1921, the IRA imported more Thompsons and used them in the subsequent Irish Civil War (1922–23). They were not found to be very effective in Ireland; the Thompson caused serious casualties in only 32-percent of the actions in which it was used. The Thompson achieved most of its early notoriety in the hands of Prohibition and Great Depression-era gangsters, the lawmen who pursued them, and in Hollywood films about their exploits, most notably in the St Valentine's Day Massacre. The two Thompson guns used in the massacre are still held by the Berrien County Sheriff's Department. The Thompson has been referred to by one researcher as the "gun that made the twenties roar". In 1926, the Cutts Compensator (a muzzle brake) was offered as an option for the M1921; Thompsons with the compensator were cataloged as No. 21AC at the original price of $200, with the plain M1921 designated No. 21A at a reduced price of $175.

WW1 NEW YORK SERVICE MEDALS & DISCHARGE GROUP WWI

Lot #104 (Sale Order 146 of 952)

Pair of Medals - WW1 Victory Medal with "France" clasp and state service medal from the state of New York, numbered on the back "70762" awarded to Pvt. Arthur H. Foote. His discharge paperwork is included as well, noting his service in France with the 355th Field Artillery, Battery C. He sailed for France September 1st 1918, and returned to the US on March 8, 1919, indicating he served on occupation duty. Both medals are sewn at the top. One small tear in the top of the discharge certificate. Near Mint

WWI US 1917 McCLELLAN SADDLE HORSE GAS MASK + MORE

Lot #105 (Sale Order 147 of 952)

Lot of military issue equipment including a complete 1917 dated, US Marked McClellan cavalry saddle with wooden stirrups, 12" Seat brass marks, brass rings, and belly belt. Comes with a horse gas mask, and a civilian non-combatant gas mask as well as a Spanish-American war era McKeever pouch. All four pieces exhibit considerable age and wear, but the saddle is intact and in serviceable condition. Good - Very Good

NAMED BRITISH ROYAL SCOTS GUARDS MAJOR TUNIC

Lot #106 (Sale Order 148 of 952)

Early 20th Century British Army officer's dress uniform. Named inside to a "R. A. Orr-Ewing Esq.". Major Sir Ronald Archibald Orr Ewing of Ballikinrain, 5th Baronet was educated at Eton and the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. Commissioned into The Scots Guards in 1932, he remained with the regiment for 21 years, during which he saw action in the Second World War in North Africa. Taken prisoner at Tobruk in 1942, he was shipped to a number of POW camps, finally to Fontellanato in northern Italy. Released when Italy joined the Allies, he had the misfortune to be recaptured by Axis forces, and spent the rest of the war in Germany. Rank of Major - single crown at the epaulet with two-strand border of bullion embroidery. High quality red wool shell with thick quilted lining and white piping. Scots Guards buttons on the chest (one button missing on wearer's left shoulder.) Has original tailor tag from C.F. Johns & Pegg hand-sewn in the nape, with an address of 2 Clifford Street, London W. This is where the Major's handwritten name appears. Heavy sequin, brocade, and bullion insignia attached at the neck and cuffs. Three sewn loops on the wearer's left chest indicating this officer had a rather large array of medals mounted to the coat at one point. Coat shows heavy wear and some light soiling at the neck and back, typical of long-term service wear. Some of the buttons exhibit age and wear, but are otherwise intact apart from the missing shoulder button.

US ARMY MEXICAN SERVICE CAMPAIGN MEDAL #14440

Lot #106a (Sale Order 149 of 952)

US Army Mexican Service Campaign medal with miniature # 14440 on the six O'clock position of the medal. Both medals are in excellent condition. History The Mexican Service Medal awarded by the Army was established by General Orders of the United States War Department on December 12, 1917. The Navy's Mexican Service Medal was established by Navy Department General Orders Number 365 on February 11, 1918, as amended by Navy Department General Orders No. 464 of April 27, 1919. The Mexican Service Medal recognizes those service members who performed military service against Mexican forces between the dates of April 12, 1911 and June 16, 1919. To be awarded the Mexican Service Medal, a service member was required to perform military duty during the time period of eligibility and in one of the following military engagements. Veracruz Expedition: April 21 to November 23, 1914 Punitive Expedition into Mexico: March 14, 1916 to February 7, 1917 Buena Vista, Mexico: December 1, 1917 The punitive expedition in the aftermath of the Brite Ranch raid on San Bernardino Canyon, Mexico: December 26, 1917 La Grulla, Texas: January 8 – January 9, 1918 The aftermath of the Neville Ranch raid that resulted in a small action in the village of Pilares, Chihuahua: March 28, 1918 For actions in Nogales, Arizona during the Battle of Nogales (1915) or Battle of Ambos Nogales: November 1–26, 1915, or August 27, 1918 El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua for the Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1919) : June 15 – June 16, 1919 The United States Navy issued the Mexican Service Medal to members of the Navy and Marines who participated in any of the above actions, as well as to service members who served aboard U.S. naval vessels patrolling Mexican waters between April 21 and November 26, 1914, or between March 14, 1916, and February 7, 1917. The Mexican Service Medal was also awarded to any service member who was wounded or killed while participating in action any against hostile Mexican forces between April 12, 1911 and February 7, 1917. Although a single decoration, both the Army and Navy issued two different versions of the Mexican Service Medal. The Army Mexican Service Medal displayed an engraving of a yucca plant, while the Navy version depicts the San Juan de Ulúa fortress in Veracruz harbor. Both medals displayed the annotation "1911 - 1917" on the bottom of the medal. The Mexican Service Medal was a one-time decoration and there were no service stars authorized for those who had participated in multiple engagements. For those Army members who had been cited for gallantry in combat, the Citation Star was authorized as a device to the Mexican Service Medal. There were no devices authorized for the Navy's version of the decoration. A similar decoration, known as the Mexican Border Service Medal also existed for those who had performed support duty to Mexican combat expeditions from within the United States.

3 EARLY POWDER HORNS

Lot #107 (Sale Order 150 of 952)

Largest is about 14" and has a carved wood end cap and a decorative "X" pattern etched around the top with nails holding the wooden end piece in place. Two smaller horns are made of horn with wood caps. All are well made and have general wear and age. Condition varies, overall Very Good

5 EARLY US BUGLES

Lot #108 (Sale Order 151 of 952)

5 early US brass bugles. 2 are marked "U.S. Regulation" one made by Rexcraft, one is marked "Conn" at the bell. Two are unmarked. Largest is approximately 17" long and has a detachable mouthpiece.

US REGULATION BRASS ARMY BUGLE

Lot #108a (Sale Order 152 of 952)

Brass bugle marked on the bell "US REGULATION" and "MADE IN JAPAN." Has hook and chain which holds the mouthpiece. Shows patina and age. Good - Very Good

SPAN-AM WAR US ADMIRAL DEWEY WALL HANGING

Lot #109 (Sale Order 153 of 952)

Textile homage to Admiral George Dewy, hero of the Spanish American War for his victory at the battle of Manilla bay. Approximately 42" x 42". Shows light fading and age wear. Good - Very Good

WWI US 91st INFANTRY DIVISION HELMET CAMOUFLAGED

Lot #110 (Sale Order 154 of 952)

World War I "Doughboy" style helmet with crown wool and remnants of leather chinstrap intact. Shell is painted in multicolor "tortoise shell camo" WWI camouflage pattern and bears the insignia of the 91st Infantry Division. The 91st Infantry Division fought in the St. Mihiel Offensive and the Meuse-Argonne campaign at Ypres-Lys. On the back of the helmet, there is the red, white, and blue roundel commonly seen on AEF uniforms and equipment. Paint shows age wear and fading.

WWI US PAINTED 91st INFANTRY DIVISION HELMET

Lot #111 (Sale Order 155 of 952)

Very nice example of a World War I "Doughboy" style helmet with intact leather sweatband, wool crown, and leather chinstrap. Has the "Christmas tree" insignia painted on the front for the 91st Infantry Division. The 91st Infantry Division fought in the St. Mihiel Offensive and the Meuse-Argonne campaign at Ypres-Lys. Excellent

WWI US ENLISTED ARMY UNIFORM COLLECTION

Lot #112 (Sale Order 156 of 952)

Includes a very nice WWI era US enlisted uniform with "US" and 73rd infantry collar insignia and a Purple Heart ribbon bar, as well as a Wagoner patched WWI enlisted uniform, a WWI enlisted uniform with US and Musician collar disks, and a WWI enlisted uniform with US and Engineer collar insignia and two overseas chevrons. Also includes two Summer khaki uniforms, four sets of wool puttees, a set of leather cavalry leggings, and more. Many of the uniforms have tracking and moth wear. Condition varies, some of the pieces are named and researchable. Good - Very Good

WWI US DOUGHBOY HELMET, CAPS, CCC and US

Lot #113 (Sale Order 157 of 952)

Four pieces of WWI era headgear. Includes a white painted US Made WWI doughboy helmet with intact liner and sweatband and remnants of the leather chinstrap. Also includes a thinner steel WWI helmet painted white with gray cotton chinstrap - possible interwar or early WWII era Civil Defense issue -- and two OD green wool overseas caps, one with a US collar disk, and the other with a Civil Conservation Corps collar disks. Very Good

WW1 US ARMY AIR SERVICE OBSERVOR PILOT HALF WING

Lot #113a (Sale Order 158 of 952)

Beautiful hand three piece US Air Service half wing or Observer Pilot Wing measuring just at 2 1/2 inches with exceptional detailing to the wings, "O". Half wings are exceedingly rarer that pilot wings with this one being English made. Excellent!

WWI US FIELD GEAR & EQUIPMENT COLLECTION

Lot #114 (Sale Order 159 of 952)

Includes a 1918 dated M1910 pack with messkit pouch, 3 Model 1918 bacon tins, a WWI mattock / pickaxe with canvas carrier, an OD green wool field blanket, 1918 dated canvas wire cutter pouch, a rare French-made US model 1917 mess kit with the name "J. A. Murray" carved onto the lid, a badly worn mattock / pickaxe carrier with unit markings for D Company 4th Infantry, and more. Condition varies - Good - Excellent

SPAN-AM US NAVY ENLISTED CORPSMAN UNIFORM NAMED

Lot #115 (Sale Order 160 of 952)

Pre World War I US Navy enlisted wool undress blue uniform. Late 19th Century uniform style with five buttons at the neck, no flap, and flat cuffs. Named inside L.E. Hatfield. Left sleeve has a US Navy Pharmacist's Mate rating with a right-facing "crow" or eagle -- this was the precursor rating to the modern Hospital Corpsman, shipboard or field medics. Missing one button, and exhibits fading and wear. Very Good

2 WWI US ARMY OFFICER UNIFORMS + HAT

Lot #116 (Sale Order 161 of 952)

Pair of WWI US Army officer uniform coats. One has Essayons buttons, specifically for Engineer officers, as well as engineer officer collar insignia and was tailor made in Paris, France. Missing two buttons and has some condition issues. The second officer coat has vegetable ivory US eagle buttons and was tailored by Kahn Tailoring Co. of Indianapolis. Comes with a very nice WWI US Army officer's cap with brown leather visor and sweatband and blackened US Army officer's eagle insignia. The cap is size 7 with wicker frame and silk lining and still has the original price tag inside ($4.50) made by L. Sylvester & Sons of Augusta Georgia. The chinstrap is partially separated. Fair - Very Good

WW1 M1917 BAYONET BY REMINGTON w/ SCABBARD WWI

Lot #117 (Sale Order 162 of 952)

WW1 M1917 Bayonet w/scabbard. Marked Remington 1918 missing the button but otherwise very good condition.

IMPERIAL GERMAN EROTIC SMALL SMOKING PIPE

Lot #118 (Sale Order 163 of 952)

Imperial German Erotic small smoking pipe and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 14 inches in total length with the inscription Gentlemen look all 4 of you are wrong what does not cover my skin, from there it goes to paradise. Excellent

WWI KEYSTONE STEREO VIEW IMAGES + VIEWER

Lot #118a (Sale Order 164 of 952)

Very nice set of World War I stereo views. Approximately 82 are military theme images from the Keystone Views of the First World War collection -- images range from camp life and bayonet drill to General John A. Blackjack Pershing, general of the Armes of the AEF astride a horse, as well as combat scenes and front line combat featuring Belgian, French, and American soldiers. Also includes a smaller collection of approximately 14 nonmilitary images of National Parks and historic sites. Comes with Stereopticon viewer and the original Keystone vol. 1 and vol.2 faux book spine box for the WWI set (this is partially damaged but the lettering is intact. Very good - Excellent

IMPERIAL GERMAN FARMING OCCUPATIONAL SMOKING PIPE

Lot #119 (Sale Order 165 of 952)

Imperial German Farmer's occupational small smoking pipe and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 27 inches in total length

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE ULAN REGIMENT 13

Lot #120 (Sale Order 166 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd Company of the 13th Ulan Regiment of Hannover Germany for 1903 maneuvers. Named to Vater and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 4 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL GERMAN LOT OF 5 SMOKING PIPES NEAR MINT

Lot #121 (Sale Order 167 of 952)

A grouping of five smoking pipes including 1) 14 inch Brair wood pipe in excellent condition 2) 24 inch small smoking pipe crafted in ebony wood with a scene of foxes hunting ducks. The pipe is finely crafted with horn accents in near mint condition. 3) 22 inch long smoking pipe crafted in Cherry wood of a Landknecht and Waitress in near mint condition. 4) 24 inch long tulip shaped smoking pipe with all turned bone stem with a bowl of a homecoming scene of an Alpine and beauty in near mint condition. 5) 11 inch antique smoking pipe with a bowl having a young woman praying also in near mint condition.

IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL PIPE 13TH ARTILLRY

Lot #122 (Sale Order 168 of 952)

Imperial German reservist regimental pipe for the 3rd Company of the 13th Field Artillery Regiment of Ulm Germany for 1886 - 1889 maneuvers. Named to Gefreiter Schneider and is finely crafted of cherry wood with horn accents and measures 47 inches in total length.

IMPERIAL AUSTRIAN NAVY SHIPS BELL KRIEGSMARINE WWI

Lot #123 (Sale Order 169 of 952)

Stellar Pre WW1 to WWI Austrian K.U.K. Kriegsmarine or Navy Ships Bell in nickel plated brass with iron striker measuring roughly 14 inches and weighting 40 pounds. To the front of the bell is the iconic Imperial Crown with tape and a fowled anchor in stellar condition. After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Navy honoured them with a lying in state aboard SMS Viribus Unitis. During the First World War, the navy saw some action, but prior to the Italian entry spent much of its time in its major naval base at Pola, except for small skirmishes. Following the Italian declaration of war the mere fact of its existence tied up the Italian Navy and the French Navy in the Mediterranean for the duration of the war. Following the declaration of war in August 1914 the French and Montenegrin forces attempted to cause havoc at Cattaro, KuK Kriegsmarine's southernmost base in the Adriatic. Throughout September, October and November 1914 the navy bombarded the Allied forces resulting in a decisive defeat for the latter, and again in January 1916 in what was called the Battle of Lovcen, which was instrumental in Montenegro being knocked out of the war early. On 23 May 1915, when Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary, the Austro-Hungarian navy left their harbors in Pola (today Pula, Croatia), Sebenico (today Šibenik, Croatia) and Cattaro (today Kotor, Montenegro) to bombard the eastern Italian coast between Venice and Barletta. Main targets were the cities of Ancona, Rimini, Vieste, Manfredonia, Barletta and bridges and railway tracks along the coast. Until 1917 the Austro-Hungarian fleet was as yet largely undamaged. The presence of three Allied navies in the Mediterranean made any measures of their co-ordination and common doctrine extraordinarily difficult. The Mediterranean was divided into eleven zones, of which the British naval authorities were responsible for four, the French for four, and the Italians for three. Differing command structures, national pride and the language barrier all contributed to a lack of cohesion in the application of Allied sea power, producing a situation in which German and Austro-Hungarian U-boat attacks on shipping flourished. An example of the lack of co-ordination was the sinking of the Italian troop transport Minas bound from Italy to Salonika, which was torpedoed in one of the British zones in February 1917 with the loss of 870 lives, a British escort not understanding a message and failing to relieve the Italian destroyer, which turned around at the zone barrier. Battle of Durazzo (1915) In December 1915 a k.u.k. Kriegsmarine cruiser squadron attempted to make a raid on the Serbian troops evacuating Albania. After sinking a French submarine and bombarding the town of Durazzo the squadron ran into a minefield, sinking one destroyer and damaging another. The next day the group ran into a squadron of British, French, and Italian cruisers and destroyers. The resulting battle left two Austrian destroyers sunk and light damage to another, while dealing only minor damage to the Allied warships and others. A three-power conference on 28 April 1917, at Corfu, discussed a more offensive strategy in the Adriatic, but the Italians were not prepared to consider any big ship operations, considering the size of the Austro-Hungarian fleet. The British and French seemed reluctant to move alone against the Austro-Hungarians, especially if it meant a full-scale battle. But the Austrians were not inactive either, and even as the Allied conference was in session they were planning an offensive operation against the Otranto Barrage. Battle of the Strait of Otranto (1917) Throughout 1917 the Adriatic remained the key to the U-boat war on shipping in the Mediterranean. Cattaro, some 140 miles above the narrow Straits of Otranto, was the main U-boat base from which almost the entire threat to Mediterranean shipping came. The Otranto Barrage, constructed by the Allies with up to 120 naval drifters, used to deploy and patrol submarine nets, and 30 motor launches, all equipped with depth charges, was designed to stop the passage of U-boats from Cattaro. However, this failed to do so, and from its inception in 1916, the barrage had caught only two U-boats, the Austrian U-6 and the German UB-44 out of hundreds of possible passages. However, the barrage effectively meant that the Austro-Hungarian surface fleet could not leave the Adriatic Sea unless it was willing to give battle to the blocking forces. This, and as the war drew on bringing supply difficulties especially coal, plus a fear of mines, limited the Austro-Hungarian navy to shelling the Italian and Serbian coastlines. There had already been four small-scale Austro-Hungarian attacks on the barrage, on 11 March, 21 and 25 April and 5 May 1917, but none of them amounted to anything.

19th CENT. FOOT ARTILLERY SWORD

Lot #124 (Sale Order 170 of 952)

Interesting variation of a 19th century Foot Artillery Sword. The guard is separate from the hilt and resembles the U.S. Model 1832 Foot Artillery sword. The brass grip has hand cuttings in a crisscross pattern. The grip is held on with three rivets through the side, and the tang is peened through the pommel. The blade is heavy and has a cutting edge and false edge unlike the Model 1832. The blade is 17" long and is 1 3/4" wide. The blade is un-fullered and is bright with some blunting at point. The only marking is the No. 21 on the right hand side of the blade above the ricasso. Very Good

WW1 US ARMY TANK CORPS POSTER TREAT EM ROUGH

Lot #125 (Sale Order 171 of 952)

Rare WW1 US Tank Corps recruitment poster titled "Join The Black Toms They Treat 'Em Rough" measuring 26 1/4 X 20 1/2 inches and is archival framed. Image depicts a large black tom cat pouncing on tanks below. Poster is signed by Hoffman and is in excellent condition and is for the US Army recruiting station in Pittsburgh PA. at 436 Oliver Ave. at the Union Arcade. Organization Brigadier General Samuel D. Rockenbach, as the Chief of Tank Corps for the American Expeditionary Forces under Pershing, organized, trained, equipped and then deployed the first American tank units to the Western Front of 1918 Europe. An initial plan for 2,000 light Renault FT tanks and 200 heavy British Mark VI tanks was changed to 20 battalions of 77 light tanks each and 10 battalions of 45 heavy tanks each. A total of eight heavy battalions (the 301st to 308th) and 21 light battalions (the 326th to 346th) were raised, but only four (the 301st, 331st, 344th and 345th) saw combat. Captain George S. Patton, the first officer assigned to the unit, set up a light tank school at Bourg, France, starting on 10 November 1917. In the first half of 1918, the 326th and 327th Tank Battalions were organized at Patton's school, while the 301st Heavy Tank Battalion was raised at Camp Meade, Maryland, USA and transported to the British Tank School at Bovington Camp in southern England, for training. Combat operations The 326th (under the command of Sereno E. Brett) and 327th Tank Battalions (later renamed the 344th and 345th and organized into the 304th Tank Brigade, commanded by Patton), were the first into combat, beginning with the Battle of Saint-Mihiel (as part of the US IV Corps) on 12 September 1918. The small French Renault FT tanks they were equipped with found the going hard and many were lost or ran out of fuel crossing the battlefield – the Germans, forewarned, had largely retreated from the salient. They then took part in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive (as part of the US V Corps) on 26 September. Major Brett assumed command of the 304th after Patton was injured on 26 September, the first day of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive near Cheppy, France. The 301st, equipped with British Mark V heavy tanks, suffered large casualties in the Battle of St. Quentin Canal on 29 September as part of the British 4th Tank Brigade, under the control of the Australian Corps. Some tanks were hit by shelling before the start line, while others were lost crossing an unreported British minefield. Of the 34 participating tanks, only 10 made rallying. The 301st then seized the village of Brancourt on 8 October, fought in the Battle of the Selle on 18 October, and participated in a night attack on 22–23 October in the vicinity of the Sambre Canal. During the war, two members of the Tank Corps (both from the 344th Battalion) were awarded the Medal of Honor; Donald M. Call and Harold W. Roberts.

WW1 US AIR SERVICE OIL PORTRAIT OF NAMED PILOT WWI

Lot #125a (Sale Order 172 of 952)

US Air Service portrait of a pilot named 1st Lt. Paul Edwards who for awhile was stationed at Kelly Field in Texas. The framed painting measures 20 X 24 inches and is in excellent condition. The images shows a very good likeness to the pilot wearing his leather flight jacket, helmet and goggles. Excellent. Although war in Europe prompted Congress to vastly increase the appropriations for the Aviation Section in 1916, it nevertheless tabled a bill proposing an aviation department incorporating all aspects of military aviation. The declaration of war against Germany on April 6, 1917, putting the United States in World War I, came too quickly (less than eight months after its use in Mexico chasing Pancho Villa) to solve emerging engineering and production problems. The reorganization of the Aviation Section had been inadequate in resolving problems in training, leaving the United States totally unprepared to fight an air war in Europe. The Aviation Section consisted of 131 officers, 1087 enlisted men, and approximately 280 airplanes. The administration of President Woodrow Wilson created an advisory Aircraft Production Board in May 1917, consisting of members of the Army, Navy and industry, to study the Europeans' experience in aircraft production and the standardization of aircraft parts. The Board dispatched Major Raynal C. Bolling, a lawyer and military aviation pioneer, together with a commission of over 100 members, to Europe in the summer of 1917 to determine American aircraft needs, recommend priorities for acquisition and production, and negotiate prices and royalties. Congress passed a series of legislation in the next three months that appropriated huge sums for development of military aviation, including the largest single appropriation for a single purpose to that time, $640 million in the Aviation Act (40 Stat. 243), passed July 24, 1917. By the time the bill passed, the term Air Service was in widespread if unofficial usage to collectively describe all aspects of Army aviation. Although it considered creation of a separate aviation department to act as the centralized authority for decision-making, both the War and the Navy Departments opposed it, and on October 1, 1917, Congress instead legalized the existence of the APB and changed its name to the "Aircraft Board", transferring its functions from the Council of National Defense to the secretaries of War and the Navy. Even so, the Aircraft Board in practice had little control over procurement contracts and functioned mostly as an information provider between industrial, governmental, and military entities. Nor did the "Equipment Division" of the Signal Corps exercise such control. Established by the Office of the Chief Signal Officer (OCSO) as one of the operating components of the Aviation Section, its task was to unify and coordinate the various agencies involved but its head was a commissioned former member of the APB who did nothing to create any effective coordination. Moreover, the largely wood and fabric airframe designs of World War I did not lend themselves to being made with the mass production methods of the automotive industry, which used considerable amounts of metallic materials instead, and the priority of mass-producing spare parts was neglected. Though individual areas within the aviation industry responded well, the industry as a whole failed. Efforts to mass-produce European aircraft under license largely failed because the aircraft, made by hand, were not amenable to the more precise American manufacturing methods. At the same time the Aeronautical Division of the OCSO was renamed the Air Division with continued responsibility for training and operations but with no influence on acquisition or doctrine. In the end the decision-making process in aircraft procurement was badly fragmented and production on a large scale proved impossible.

WW1 NUMBERED US DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS DSC

Lot #126 (Sale Order 173 of 952)

Beautiful condition WW1 Distinguished Service Cross numbered on the lower cross's arm 4725 and is in excellent condition including the original silk ribbon and wrapped brooch. Awarding history World War I During World War I, 6,309 awards of the Distinguished Service Cross were made to 6,185 recipients. Several dozen Army soldiers, as well as eight marines and two French Army officers, received two Distinguished Service Crosses. A handful, mostly Air Service aviators, were decorated three or more times. Eddie Rickenbacker, the top U.S. ace of the war, was awarded a record eight Distinguished Service Crosses, one of which was later upgraded to the Medal of Honor, while flying with the 94th Aero Squadron. Fellow aviators Douglas Campbell, also of the 94th, and Frank O'Driscoll "Monk" Hunter of the 103rd Aero Squadron each received five. Another 94th aviator, Reed McKinley Chambers, was awarded four Distinguished Service Crosses. Three aviators received three Distinguished Service Crosses – Murray K. Guthrie of the 13th Aero Squadron, Ralph A. O'Neill of the 147th Aero Squadron, and Glen A. Preston, an aerial observation pilot with the 99th Aero Squadron. Among other prominent aviators were Billy Mitchell, the Chief of Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force; Frank Luke of the 27th Aero Squadron, who was honored with the Medal of Honor and two Distinguished Service Crosses; and Sumner Sewall of the 95th Aero Squadron, recipient of two Distinguished Service Crosses, who served as Governor of Maine from 1941 to 1945. Edward Peck Curtis, also of the 95th Aero Squadron received the Distinguished Service Cross as a First Lieutenant. Colonel John H. Parker, the commander of the 102nd Infantry Regiment, 26th Division, was the only ground soldier in World War I to receive four Distinguished Service Crosses. First Lieutenant Oscar B. Nelson of the 168th Infantry Regiment, 42nd Division, was honored three times, the third award being posthumous. Several men who had previously received the Medal of Honor received the Distinguished Service Cross in World War I. Most notable of these was Marine legend Daniel Daly, who was twice decorated with the Medal of Honor, and who received the Distinguished Service Cross for heroism as First Sergeant of the 73rd Company, Sixth Marine Regiment, during the Battle of Belleau Wood in June 1918. Col. Charles Evans Kilbourne, Jr., who received the Medal of Honor in the Philippine Insurrection, was decorated with the Distinguished Service Cross as chief of staff of the 89th Division. James B. McConnell, also decorated with the Medal of Honor for actions in the Philippines as a private with the 33rd Infantry, received the Distinguished Service Cross posthumously as a first lieutenant with the 4th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Division. Marine Colonel Hiram I. Bearss, recipient of the Medal of Honor in the Philippines, was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross while attached to the 102nd Infantry Regiment, 26th Division. Marine Gunner Henry L. Hulbert, also a recipient of the Navy Medal of Honor in the Philippines, received the Distinguished Service Cross for bravery while serving with the Fifth Marine Regiment during the Battle of Belleau Wood. Spanish–American War Medal of Honor recipient John H. Quick also received the Distinguished Service Cross at Belleau Wood as Sergeant Major of the Sixth Marine Regiment. Besides Rickenbacker, several men received both the Medal of Honor and the Distinguished Service Cross during World War I. Navy recipients were John Henry Balch, a U.S. Navy Pharmacist's Mate, and Joel T. Boone, a U.S. Navy Lieutenant (Medical Corps), both attached to the Sixth Marine Regiment. Army recipients were Private Daniel R. Edwards of the 3rd Machine-Gun Battalion, 1st Division, Colonel William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan of the 165th Infantry Regiment, 42nd Division, and Second Lieutenant Samuel I. Parker of the 28th Infantry Regiment, 1st Division. Two recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross during World War I went on to earn the Medal of Honor in World War II – Major (later Brigadier General) Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. of the 26th Infantry Regiment, 1st Division, son of the former President, and Brigadier General (later General of the Army) Douglas MacArthur of the 42nd Division. Other recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross in World War I who went on to acclaim in World War II include George S. Patton, Jr. and Carl Spaatz. Among other prominent recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross during World War I were Brigadier General John L. Hines, decorated as commanding general of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, and Major General Charles P. Summerall, decorated as commanding general of the 1st Division, who both went on to serve as Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army.

I WANT YOU! US ARMY UNCLE SAM RECRUITMENT POSTER

Lot #126a (Sale Order 174 of 952)

FLAGG, JAMES MONTGOMERY. 1877-1960. "I WANT YOU for the U.S.ARMY ENLIST NOW" poster. New York: Leslie-Judge Co, 1940. Broadside poster showing Uncle Sam demanding you enlist in the Army. This mint poster measures 38 x 25 inches excluding frame and has been archival matted. This poster is often confused with the earlier version that Flagg issued to recruit in the Great war, published in 1917. Come the Bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941, Flaggs Uncle Sam image was recalled to active duty, and that famous "Uncle Sam" image continued to inspire America to enlist. MINT! James Montgomery Flagg Life and career Flagg was born on June 18, 1877 in Pelham, New York. He was enthusiastic about drawing from a young age, and had illustrations accepted by national magazines by the age of 12 years. By 14, he was a contributing artist for Life magazine, and the following year was on the staff of another magazine, Judge. From 1894 through 1898, he attended the Art Students League of New York. He studied fine art in London and Paris from 1898 to 1900, after which he returned to the United States, where he produced countless illustrations for books, magazine covers, political and humorous cartoons, advertising, and spot drawings. Among his creations was a comic strip that appeared regularly in Judge from 1903 until 1907, about a tramp character titled Nervy Nat. In 1915, he accepted commissions from Calkins and Holden to create advertisements for Edison Photo and Adler Rochester Overcoats but only on the condition that his name would not be associated with the campaign. He created his most famous work in 1917, a poster to encourage recruitment in the United States Army during World War I. It showed Uncle Sam pointing at the viewer (inspired by a British recruitment poster showing Lord Kitchener in a similar pose) with the caption “I Want YOU for U.S. Army”.[6] Flagg had first created the image for the July 6, 1916 cover of Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper with the headline “What Are You Doing for Preparedness?” Over four million copies of the poster were printed during World War I, and it was revived for World War II. Flagg used his own face for that of Uncle Sam (adding age and the white goatee), he said later, simply to avoid the trouble of arranging for a model. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt praised his resourcefulness for using his own face as the model. By some accounts though, Flagg had a neighbor, Walter Botts, pose for the piece. At his peak, Flagg was reported to have been the highest-paid magazine illustrator in America. He worked for the Saturday Evening Post and Collier's which were two of the most popular U.S. journals. In 1946, Flagg published his autobiography, Roses and Buckshot. Apart from his work as an illustrator, Flagg painted portraits which reveal the influence of John Singer Sargent. Flagg's sitters included Mark Twain and Ethel Barrymore; his portrait of Jack Dempsey now hangs in the Great Hall of the National Portrait Gallery. In 1948, he appeared in a Pabst Blue Ribbon magazine ad which featured the illustrator working at an easel in his New York studio with a young lady standing at his side and a tray with an open bottle of Pabst and two filled glasses sat before them. James Montgomery Flagg died on May 27, 1960, in New York City. He was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN SCREWBACK IRON CROSS VARIANT

Lot #127 (Sale Order 175 of 952)

WWI Imperial German screw back 1914 pattern Iron Cross that is die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original rare two piece screw back device to apply to the uniform. The order of the Iron Cross was founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, after the "Freidenskrieg," or war of liberation from Napoleon, in 1813. It was to be an award for gallantry conferred only in time of war, and open to all soldiers, regardless of rank or social status. The Iron Cross was re-instituted at the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the First World War in 1914, and the Second World War in 1939. In each of the three latter cases, the specific re-institution date may be seen to the lower obverse arm.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN FIRST CLASS IRON CROSS WWI

Lot #128 (Sale Order 176 of 952)

This fantastic vaulted Imperial German EK1 has a black magnetic iron center and the cross is made from a three piece construction with a heavy vault. There is a "C" shaped, wire catch soldered directly onto the back and a rugged barrel type hinge. A real looker! The 1914 Iron Crosses had three grades: Iron Cross 2nd Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse) Iron Cross 1st Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Großkreuz) The Iron Cross 1st Class and the Iron Cross 2nd Class were awarded without regard to rank. One had to already possess the 2nd Class in order to receive the 1st Class (though in some cases both could be awarded simultaneously). The egalitarian nature of this award contrasted with those of most other German states (and indeed many other European monarchies), where military decorations were awarded based on the rank of the recipient. For example, Bavarian officers received various grades of that Kingdom's Military Merit Order (Militär-Verdienstorden), while enlisted men received various grades of the Military Merit Cross (Militär-Verdienstkreuz). Prussia did have other orders and medals which were awarded on the basis of rank, and even though the Iron Cross was intended to be awarded without regard to rank, officers and NCOs were more likely to receive it than junior enlisted soldiers. In the First World War, approximately four million Iron Crosses of the lower grade (2nd Class) were issued, as well as around 145,000 of the higher grade (1st Class). Exact numbers of awards are not known, since the Prussian archives were destroyed during the Second World War. The multitude of awards reduced the status and reputation of the decoration. Among the holders of the 1914 Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class was Adolf Hitler, who held the rank of Gefreiter. Hitler can be seen wearing the award on his left breast, as was standard, in many photographs

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN FIRST CLASS IRON CROSS WWI

Lot #129 (Sale Order 177 of 952)

This fantastic Imperial German EK1 has a black magnetic iron center and the cross is made from a three piece construction with a heavy vault. There is a "C" shaped, wire catch soldered directly onto the back and a rugged barrel type hinge. Excellent The 1914 Iron Crosses had three grades: Iron Cross 2nd Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse) Iron Cross 1st Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Großkreuz) The Iron Cross 1st Class and the Iron Cross 2nd Class were awarded without regard to rank. One had to already possess the 2nd Class in order to receive the 1st Class (though in some cases both could be awarded simultaneously). The egalitarian nature of this award contrasted with those of most other German states (and indeed many other European monarchies), where military decorations were awarded based on the rank of the recipient. For example, Bavarian officers received various grades of that Kingdom's Military Merit Order (Militär-Verdienstorden), while enlisted men received various grades of the Military Merit Cross (Militär-Verdienstkreuz). Prussia did have other orders and medals which were awarded on the basis of rank, and even though the Iron Cross was intended to be awarded without regard to rank, officers and NCOs were more likely to receive it than junior enlisted soldiers. In the First World War, approximately four million Iron Crosses of the lower grade (2nd Class) were issued, as well as around 145,000 of the higher grade (1st Class). Exact numbers of awards are not known, since the Prussian archives were destroyed during the Second World War. The multitude of awards reduced the status and reputation of the decoration. Among the holders of the 1914 Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class was Adolf Hitler, who held the rank of Gefreiter. Hitler can be seen wearing the award on his left breast, as was standard, in many photographs

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN 1st CLASS IRON CROSS NAMED WWI

Lot #130 (Sale Order 178 of 952)

This fantastic Imperial German EK1 inscribed to the reverse Donata 18 III. 16 29 VI. 18 Obviously his last name and dates when he received two 1st Class Iron Crosses. The black magnetic iron center and the cross is made from a three piece construction with a heavy vault. There is a "C" shaped, wire catch soldered directly onto the back and a rugged barrel type hinge. A real looker! The 1914 Iron Crosses had three grades: Iron Cross 2nd Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse) Iron Cross 1st Class (German: Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Großkreuz) The Iron Cross 1st Class and the Iron Cross 2nd Class were awarded without regard to rank. One had to already possess the 2nd Class in order to receive the 1st Class (though in some cases both could be awarded simultaneously). The egalitarian nature of this award contrasted with those of most other German states (and indeed many other European monarchies), where military decorations were awarded based on the rank of the recipient. For example, Bavarian officers received various grades of that Kingdom's Military Merit Order (Militär-Verdienstorden), while enlisted men received various grades of the Military Merit Cross (Militär-Verdienstkreuz). Prussia did have other orders and medals which were awarded on the basis of rank, and even though the Iron Cross was intended to be awarded without regard to rank, officers and NCOs were more likely to receive it than junior enlisted soldiers. In the First World War, approximately four million Iron Crosses of the lower grade (2nd Class) were issued, as well as around 145,000 of the higher grade (1st Class). Exact numbers of awards are not known, since the Prussian archives were destroyed during the Second World War. The multitude of awards reduced the status and reputation of the decoration. Among the holders of the 1914 Iron Cross 2nd Class and 1st Class was Adolf Hitler, who held the rank of Gefreiter. Hitler can be seen wearing the award on his left breast, as was standard, in many photographs

WW1 & WWII IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 BOTH RING NUMBERED

Lot #131 (Sale Order 179 of 952)

WW1 and WWII Nazi German Iron Cross lot of two to include 1) IRON CROSS 2ND CLASS, 1914 ‘M’. 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Suspension ring marked ‘M’ for an unknown maker. The cross comes complete with a piece of ribbed rayon ribbon. Nice CLEAN example! On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. The Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. 2) IRON CROSS 2ND CLASS, 1939 52'. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Ring marked, ‘52' for Gottlieb & Wagner. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon.

1898 ENGRAVED PRUSSIAN ARTILLERY OFFICER'S SWORD

Lot #131a (Sale Order 180 of 952)

Late 19th Century Imperial German Presentation Sword. Lion head hilt with ruby eyes, rayskin grips, and engraved blade reading "Vertrau auf Gott dich tapfer wehr zu Deinem Ruhm zu Deiner 1898" 33" blade, 39" overall length, with leather knot, engraved "S" on handle, and unsigned silver scabbard. Grip and knot are in excellent condition. Blade shows light storage wear. Scabbard is bright and tight. Excellent

CIVIL WAR TARRED CANVAS US FEDERAL BACKPACK 1864

Lot #132 (Sale Order 181 of 952)

Tarred canvas Union Civil War backpack, approx. 18" x 18 1/2" (closed), with shoulder straps present and intact dated 1864, showing original brass fittings. Canvas is still supple but does show signs of wear but after 155 years you would also. Excellent

WW1 GERMAN BAYONET BUTCHER BLADE Erfurt 1915 WWI

Lot #133 (Sale Order 182 of 952)

Nice butcher blade marked WAFFENFABRIK MAUSER-A.G. OBERNDORF a.N. in 1915. Scabbard leather is also in excellent condition. Second pattern model 1898/05 bayonet, with the flash guard along the back of its grips introduced in 1915, known as the S 98/05 nA ("Seitengewehr 98/05 neuer Art," or, Bayonet ‘98/’05 new Pattern).

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT TRENCH KNIFE

Lot #134 (Sale Order 183 of 952)

A trench knife with its original metal scabbard and integral, leather belt loop. The 14.5cm blade is in nice clean untouched condition and is marked Gottlieb Hammesfahr Solingen. Foche. The natural wooden grips are secured to the blade tang by three small, flat headed, flush rivets. Nine diagonally-angled grooves are incised to either side, and the grip outline follows the contours of the tang. Scabbard is complete with its original leather belt hanger. Very nice example. The standard issue bayonets of WWI were found by most troops to be too long and heavy to make a good combat knife, which resulted, in 1915, in the development of smaller, lighter edged weapons for use in hand-to-hand fighting. The close combat or trench knife saw widespread use during WWI, and came in both ordnance issue and private purchase, with numerous variations. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN MEISSEN PLAQUE OF V HINDENBURG

Lot #135 (Sale Order 184 of 952)

German Nazi Meissen plaque of v.Hindenburg marked to the reverse B98b and measuring 70x96mm with the original leatherette case. Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg, known simply as Paul von Hindenburg 2 October 1847 – 2 August 1934), was a German general and statesman who led the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany from 1925 until his death during the Weimar Republic. He played a key role in the Nazi Machtergreifung in January 1933 when, under pressure from advisers, he appointed Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany. Born to a family of minor Prussian nobility, Hindenburg joined the Prussian army in 1866 where he saw combat during the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian wars. He retired with the rank of General of the Infantry in 1911, but was recalled to military service at the age of 66 following the outbreak of World War I in July 1914 and shortly thereafter received nationwide attention as the victor of the Battle of Tannenberg and promotion to Field Marshal. Upon later being named Chief of the General Staff in 1916, his popularity among the German public dramatically increased and produced a large cult of personality. Taking advantage of Wilhelm II's broad delegation of authority to the Army High Command, Hindenburg and his deputy, General Erich Ludendorff, established a de facto military dictatorship that controlled Germany for the rest of the war. Hindenburg retired again in 1919, but returned to public life in 1925 to be elected the second President of Germany. He defeated Hitler in a runoff to win reelection in 1932. He was opposed to Hitler and was a major player in the increasing political instability in the Weimar Republic that ended with Hitler's rise to power. He dissolved the Reichstag twice in 1932 and finally agreed to appoint Hitler as Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. Hindenburg did this to satisfy Hitler's demands that he should play a part in the Weimar government, for Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party, which had won a plurality in the November 1932 elections. In February he approved the Reichstag Fire Decree, which suspended various civil liberties, and in March signed the Enabling Act of 1933, which gave Hitler's regime arbitrary powers. Hindenburg died the following year, after which Hitler declared himself Führer und Reichskanzler, or Supreme Leader and Chancellor, which superseded both the Presidency and Chancellorship.

INDIAN WARS INFANTRY BLUE PIPED TROUSERS

Lot #136 (Sale Order 185 of 952)

Indian Wars Blue Piped Infantry Trousers dating from the 1880's with measurements 24 X 28. Trousers have a 1 inch wide blue piping indicating Infantry use. There is several small moth holes and a few repairs but still very solid

GERMAN FLIGHT AROUND BERLIN AERONAUTICAL MEDAL

Lot #137 (Sale Order 186 of 952)

Bronze, obverse illustrating the right-facing bust of a woman, the coat-of-arms of the City of Berlin at her neckline, a spire behind her and appearing above her head and engraver marked "AWES MÜNZE", reverse illustrating an eagle standing upon a rock, the cityscape of Berlin in the background, a monoplane and a biplane in the sky above flanking the eagle, inscribed "FLUG RUND UM BERLIN 1913" (Circular Flight Around Berlin), 50 mm, very fine.

WW1 US AIR SERVICE BOMB CARRIER OR CRATE WWI

Lot #138 (Sale Order 187 of 952)

Stellar WW1 US Air Service ammunition crate used to carry an aerial bomb measuring 20 X 5 1/4 inches and being made of iron and OD green painted wood in excellent condition.

WWII 10TH ARMORED DIVISION SHERMAN TANK PHOTOS

Lot #139 (Sale Order 188 of 952)

WWII US Armored Photo Grouping and Armored Wool Patch. This grouping contains 6 stellar photos of a crew in the 10th Armored Division. These 6 photos are first generation photos of a Sherman tank and her crew. Some photos bear inscriptions to the reverse. Most of the men are wearing the 10th Armored division patches on their uniforms. One soldier is wearing camo coveralls! The wool patch like the photos is in excellent condition. History The division was activated on 15 July 1942, at Fort Benning, Georgia, around a nucleus of the reorganized and redesignated 3rd and 11th Cavalry Regiments. Nickname The "Tiger" nickname of the 10th originates from a division-wide contest held while it was training in the United States, symbolizing the division "clawing and mauling" its way through the enemy. Major General Paul Newgarden, the division's first commander selected "Tiger" as the winner because a tiger has soldierly qualities, including being clean and neat and the ability to maneuver and surprise his prey. Combat chronicle The 10th Armored Division entered France through the port of Cherbourg, 23 September 1944, and put in a month of training at Teurtheville, France, before entering combat, as part of the Third Army under General George S. Patton. Leaving Teurtheville, 25 October, the Division moved to Mars-la-Tour, where it entered combat, 2 November, in support of the XX Corps, containing enemy troops in the area. Later that month, the 10th participated in the capture of Metz. It was the first time in 1500 years that the ancient fortress at Metz fell. After fierce fighting, the 10th moved to the Siegfried Line and led the Third Army into Germany on 19 November 1944. Bastogne Combat Command-B's lead Sherman tanks, tank destroyers and half-tracks entered Bastogne 18 December 1944. These were the first combat troops to reach the threatened town. CCB's commander, Col. William L. Roberts, split his command to form a crescent-shaped arc facing eastward five miles from the city. A task force commanded by Maj. William R. Desobry went north to Noville, while a similar group under Lt. Col. Henry T. Cherry wheeled east to Longvilly. Lt. Col. James O'Hara's group shifted southeast to Bras. At the same time, German forces moved westward with increasing momentum. Bastogne, a hub from which seven main roads diverged, was essential to the swift movement of Rundstedt's panzers. Before dawn of 19 December five German divisions attacked CCB. Bazooka-armed American soldiers and a single platoon of tank destroyers fought a column of German Panzer IV tanks on the Houffalize-Noville highway, turning them back. More enemy armor followed and with the road blocked, the battle spilled into the snow-covered fields and woods. For eight hours, CCB alone withstood multiple German attacks before reinforcements arrived from the 101st Airborne Division, which had moved into Bastogne under the screen of the 10th's actions. The Germans still maintained an advantage and the outnumbered Americans withdrew closer to Bastogne. The Germans sent pincers to the north and south. The night of 21 December, the pincers met and closed west of the city. In the surrounded city, the 10th assembled a mobile reserve force to strike in any direction. CCB endured the cold, artillery barrages and bombing while their supplies and ammunition dwindled. Fourth Armored Division tanks finally broke through on 26 December, but CCB continued to fight until 18 January. After the battle, the 10th Armored Division's 21st Tank Battalion and Combat Command B were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for their actions from 17 to 27 December 1944 Battle of the Bulge. The 101 Airborne Division was also honored with the Presidential Unit Citation for their actions at Bastogne. Years after the war, General Anthony McAuliffe said "In my opinion, Combat Command B of the 10th Armored Division was never properly credited with their important role in the Bastogne battle." Across the Saar In early February 1945, the 10th reassembled at Metz and was able to rest briefly after rejoining the XX Corps. On 20 February 1945, the 10th again attacked the German defenses. In one day, they broke the German lines, and after 48 hours, the division advanced 85 miles, overran the Saar-Moselle Triangle, and reached the Saar River. The 10th then crossed the Saar and captured Trier and a bridge across the Moselle River. The loss of this heavily defended city caused German defenses to collapse. Generals Dwight Eisenhower and Patton visited the 10th Armored Division to congratulate them. The division raced through Kaiserslautern, crossed the Rhine River on 28 March 1945, and continued east. The division helped to seize Heilbronn, defended the Crailsheim Salient, and moved south to isolate Stuttgart.

WWII US ARMY AIRBORNE PATCHES FROM ALBUM AIRBORNE

Lot #139a (Sale Order 189 of 952)

WWII US Airborne patch lot taken from an album. Patches to include 1) Original 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment Pocket Patch. This is a very nice original 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment pocket patch. The patch measures 3 inches by 3 inches. The patch is in excellent condition. This is a nice hard to find patch. 2) Original 508th PIR Pocket Patch. This is a very nice original 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment pocket patch. The patch measures 3 inches by 3 inches. The patch is in excellent condition. 3) Original 541st Parachute Infantry Battalion Pocket Patch. This is a very nice original 541st Parachute Infantry Battalion pocket patch. This is a very nice desirable patch, that is very hard to find. The patch is in excellent condition. 4) Original WWII US Army Paratrooper Artillery Overseas Cap Insignia. 5) WWII US Army Airborne Paratrooper Glider Enlisted Overseas Cap Patch. All of the patches do not react to Uv light and are in excellent condition.

WWII AAC OXYGEN MASK A-14 PLUS DEMAND MEDIUM WW2

Lot #140 (Sale Order 190 of 952)

Lot of WWII US Army Air Corps items to include 1) WWII US ARMY AIR FORCE A-14 OXYGEN MASK Size Medium manufactured by Ohio Chemical and Mfg. Co. in March of 1944 for use by AAF pilots in fighter aircraft and bombers. Rubber face mask is still soft and flexible as well as the hose and straps. Excellent.

KOREAN WAR KILLED IN ACTION PURPLE HEART 45 DIV.

Lot #140a (Sale Order 191 of 952)

Korean War Killed In Action Purple Heart named to Private First Class Alden R. Chaffin of the 180th Infantry Regiment of the 45th Division. PFC Chaffin was from Kanawha West Virginia and was killed on October 20th 1952. The purple Heart is officially named to the reverse of the medal and is in excellent condition and comes with lapel badge and ribbon. Korean War At the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950, the U.S. Army looked to expand its force again to prepare for major conflict. After the North Korean People's Army invaded the Republic of Korea, four understrength U.S. divisions on occupation duty in Japan were rushed to South Korea to stand alongside the Republic of Korea Army. These were the 7th Infantry Division, the 1st Cavalry Division, the 24th Infantry Division, and the 25th Infantry Division, which were all under the control of the Eighth United States Army. Due to drastic reductions in U.S. military spending following the end of World War II, these divisions were equipped with worn-out or obsolete weaponry and suffered from a shortage of anti-armor weapons capable of penetrating the hulls of the North Korean T-34 tanks. Reinforcement pool Initially, the division was used to provide a pool of reinforcements for the divisions which had been sent to the Korean War theater, and in January 1951 it provided 650 enlisted fillers for overseas service. Later that month, it was given 4,006 new recruits for its three infantry regiments and artillery assets, and each unit created a 14-week training program to prepare these new soldiers for combat. Because of heavy casualties and slow reinforcement rates, the Army looked to the National Guard to provide additional units to relieve the beleaguered Eighth Army. At the time, the 45th Infantry Division was comprised overwhelmingly of high school students or recent graduates and only about 60 percent of its divisional troops had conducted training and drills with the division for a year or more. Additionally, only about 20 percent of its personnel had prior experience of military service from World War II. Nevertheless, the division was one of four National Guard divisions identified as being among the most prepared for combat based on the effectiveness of its equipment, training, and leadership. As a result, in February 1951, the 45th Infantry Division was alerted that it would sail for Japan. In preparation for the deployment, the division was sent to Fort Polk, Louisiana, to begin training and to fill its ranks. After its basic training was complete, the division was sent to Japan in April 1951 for advanced training and to act as a reserve force for the Eighth United States Army, then fighting in Korea. The involvement of the National Guard in the fighting in Korea was further expanded when the 40th Infantry Division of the California Army National Guard received warning orders for deployment as well. Initial struggles On 1 September 1950, the 45th Infantry Division was activated as the first National Guard division to be deployed to the Far East theater since World War II. Nevertheless, it was not deployed to Korea until December 1951, when its advanced training was complete. Following its arrival, the division moved to the front line to replace the 1st Cavalry Division, who were then delegated to the Far East reserve, having suffered over 16,000 casualties in less than 18 months of fighting. Though the 45th remained de facto segregated as an all-white unit in 1950, individual unit commanders went to great lengths to integrate reinforcements from different areas and ethnicity into their units. By 1952, it was fully integrated. Additionally, in an effort to reduce the burden on the National Guard, troops from the division were often replaced by enlisted and drafted soldiers from the active duty force. When it arrived in Korea, only half the division's manpower were National Guard troops, and over 4,500 guardsmen left between May and July 1952, continually replaced by more active duty troops, including an increasing number of African Americans. Though the division was no longer an "All-Oklahoma" unit, leaders opted to keep its designation as the 45th Infantry Division. By the time the division was in place, the battle lines on both sides had largely solidified, leaving the 45th Infantry Division in a stationary position as it conducted attacks and counterattacks for the same ground. The division was put under the command of Eighth Army's I Corps for most of the conflict. It was deployed around Chorwon and assigned to protect the key routes from that area into Seoul. The terrain was difficult and the weather was poor in the region. The division suffered its first casualty on 11 December 1951. Initially, the division did not fare well, though it improved quickly. Its anti-aircraft and armor assets were used as mobile artillery, which continuously pounded Chinese positions.

WWII US NAVY UNIT MARKED M1 COMBAT HELMET W/ LINER

Lot #141 (Sale Order 192 of 952)

WWII US Navy swivel bail front seam M-1 Combat Helmet with Westinghouse Liner. Helmet has a battleship gray over paint that is 90% with a white unit designation to the front with R 1 A encompassed with a broken four part circle. Heat stamp is very difficult to read. All the straps are in excellent condition.

WWII POSTER HIT HARD AND OFTEN WITH THE MARINES

Lot #141a (Sale Order 193 of 952)

HIT HARD AND OFTEN WITH THE MARINES. 1942 POSTER IN MINT CONDITION. McCandlish Litho. Corporation, Philadelphia. Against a dark blue nighttime sky, a silver Grumman F6F Hellcat is shooting down Japanese enemy Zero planes; lettering in white and red. MINT Archival Framed measuring 35 X 43 inches

WWII US GENERAL IRA C. EAKER SIGNED LETTER & PHOTO

Lot #142 (Sale Order 194 of 952)

Associated Press photo with paper caption attached to the back announcing the appointment of General Ira C. Eaker of the commander of the 8th Air Force in Europe on February 15, 1943. Also includes a very early letter signed by then Lt. Colonel Ira Eaker. On War Department, Office of the Chief of the Air Corps Washington letterhead. The letter, dated February 17, 1939 is addressed to a Mr. James Farber of Dayton, OH. It reads "Colonel Richards has just shown me your letter of January 20th, inclosing a copy of your letter to Major Blackburn. I have recently been detailed away from the information division. However, I understand that we have not furnished photographs to illustrate any National Guard story in so far as we know. Of course, we cannot always be sure of the type of story the photographs requested of us are going to be used to illustrate. I personally haven't the slightest idea as to the author of the National Guard article. I am practically certain that it did not emanate from this office. Regretting my inability to be of more help to you in this case and hoping that you get the matter straightened out to your satisfaction, I am sincerely yours, Ira C. Eaker, Lt., Colonel, Air Corps, Exectutive." Eaker would go on to be a 4 star general overseeing the bombing campaign over Europe during WWII and later commanded all Army Air Forces in the Mediterranean.

WWII US EMBROIDERED SILK US MARINE CORPS FLAG

Lot #143 (Sale Order 195 of 952)

Approximately 64" x 48" double-sided silk flag with gold tassels at the edges, and a fully embroidered US Marine Corps Eagle, Globe, and Anchor insignia at the center. United States Marine Corps emblem faces forward on both sides. Slight edge wear and age wear near the spine and has two spots on the tip which have been repaired with red silk tape. Very Good

WWII US 29th AAA AIR WARNING BATTALION UNIT FLAG

Lot #144 (Sale Order 196 of 952)

Double-sided silk flag with gold colored tassels around the edges, measures approximately 48" across and 34" at the spine. Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot tag in the spine is handwritten and reads "5-21-1" and has leather tabs for attachment to a flagpole. The 29th served as part of the 2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment in World War II and Korea. Shows light wear and some soiling around the edges. Very Good

WWII ENLISTED UNIFORM GROUP w/ B-4 BAG MACHETE WW2

Lot #145 (Sale Order 197 of 952)

WWII grouping consisting of a named B-4 flight bag to James L. Moore. All zippers function on the bag and to the interior is an enlisted visor hat that is size marked 7 1/8 and in excellent condition. Corporal striped 4 pocket service tunic with 3 gold overseas stripes and standard Army Air Corps felt shoulder patch. The tunic is size marked 35R and also has his last initial last four service number M4793 to the interior. Two khaki shirt with patriotic paper labels when they were laundered. The tags read V Let's Go America! . Finally a 1943 dated Collins MK2 Machete also in very good condition.

WWII 13TH AIR FORCE UNIFORM W/ SQUADRON PATCH WW2

Lot #146 (Sale Order 198 of 952)

Uniform grouping of a member of the 13th Air Force. The grouping consist of his Khaki shirt that is nicely patched out including Staff Sergeant chevrons, US Air Corps and 13th Air Force patches as well as 5 overseas stripes and service stripe. The tunic is exquisitely patched out with a bullion Air Corps patch on wool and a standard 13th Air Force patch on the other shoulder. Like the khaki shirt, the tunic bears the same amount of 5 overseas stripes as well as his service stripe. To the left side of the chest is a beautiful pair of Angus & Coote Liaison wings with beautiful toning to the wings. The ribbon bar has the following medals Purple Heart, Air Medal, American Defense Medal, Asia Pacific Medal with 1 silver star and two bronze campaign stars and finally Victory medal. To the other side of the tunic is a Air Force Presidential Unit Citation and Philippine Presidential Unit Citation. To that lower pocket is a theater made squadron patch of the 25th Air Support Operations Squadron. Finally a WWII Army Air Force Communication Specialist Radio Operator Patch. Roughly a size 38R. Excellent World War II The squadron was first activated at Salinas Army Air Base, California in March 1942 as the 25th Observation Squadron. The squadron's cadre came from the 110th Observation Squadron, a federalized unit of the Missouri National Guard. Initially, the primary aircraft of the squadron was the North American O-47, although it flew a number of other aircraft as well. In April 1943 it was redesignated the 25th Liaison Squadron and converted to light two-seater aircraft. primarily Piper L-4s, but also including Stinson L-5 Sentinel. The unit moved overseas in October 1943 aboard the Cape Mendocino to Australia in the South West Pacific Theater. After pausing briefly in Australia, the squadron moved to New Guinea. There it operated primarily with L-5 Sentinels, flown by enlisted pilots. Some of these "sergeant pilots" were men who had washed out of pilot school, but had been given a chance to operate the light aircraft. Beginning in February 1944, the 25th began participating in combat operations. In addition to their mission of spotting and aerial reconnaissance, the squadron was tasked with short haul transportation. The capability of its light aircraft to operate from confined spaces earned A Flight of the squadron the nickname "Guinea Short Lines". The flight moved forward to Saidor Airport. The squadron dropped supplies to units caught behind enemy lines and evacuated them, sometimes dropping tools so that these units could hack a landing zone out of the jungle. In addition to the task of evacuating downed aircrew members, the flight flew night harassment missions behind enemy lines, dropping small bombs and other paraphernalia on enemy camps. The flight was called on in 1944 to rescue a downed Republic P-47 Thunderbolt pilot from behind enemy lines. In the course of this operation, and while the downed pilot was clearing an area for an L-5 to land in the jungle, the squadron was tasked to also evacuate 23 Indian soldiers, who had escaped from a Japanese prisoner of war camp and who had intelligence information concerning Japanese troop positions. Flying into the improvised jungle airstrip, the flight successfully returned all to friendly control. Shortly after this rescue operation, the flight was tasked with transporting fifty Australian commandos to Wantoat to attack a Japanese radio facility. Following the raid, four Japanese prisoners were returned, each sitting on the lap of an Australian in the back seat of one of the Sentinels. By the end of 1944, the 25th began operating in the Philippines, earning two Distinguished Unit Citations and a Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation for its actions there. During the Philippine campaign, the squadron also trained pilots of the liaison squadrons of the 3d Air Commando Group, which had just arrived in the theater. It remained in the Philippines until August 1947, although it was not manned or equipped after January. Although it moved on paper to Kadena Air Base, Okinawa in August, it was not again manned until October 1947. It remained with the occupation forces on Okinawa until being inactivated in March 1949

WWII US AIR CORPS NAMED DFC AND AIR MEDAL SETS

Lot #146a (Sale Order 199 of 952)

Pair of World War II Medals -- a Wrap Brooch Air Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster and a Slot Brooch Distinguished Flying Cross with two Oak Leaf Clusters. Both are engraved "T. Sgt. Pat C. Scott A.C." Preliminary research of T sgt. Scott indicates he enlisted into the US Army Air Corps in his home state of Mississippi and died during the war from a "non battle" cause -- either an illness or an accident. He is listed in the files of the National Archives & Records Administration as "DNB" during World War II. The medals are as issued to deceased service members, similar to the way KIA medals were awarded - without the ribbon bar, though the Distinguished Flying Cross does include a small extra length of ribbon and the lapel pin. Additionally the cases contain a small religious charm depicting the infant figure of Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary, presumably of special significance to TSgt Scott or his next of kin. The medal cases exhibit light age and the medals show light wear at the drape from being handled. Very Good - Excellent

WW US ENGLISH MADE UNIFORM GROUPING 8TH AIR FORCE

Lot #147 (Sale Order 200 of 952)

Two uniforms of a 8th Air Force pilot named Lt. S. E. Cloud. Both these uniforms are private purchased, the first 4 pocket tunic was tailored by Kahn Tailoring Co. of Indianapolis. The interior tag reads Moody Field Exchange 6/44 No. 37640 Cloth 131 S. E. Cloud. The insignia on this jacket is an English made wool 8th Air Force patch with bullion lieutenant bars to the shoulders along standard U.S. and wing and prop devices to the collars. Finally a blue fielded set of heavy clutch backed pilot wings. This indicated he was a combat pilot. This blue backed wing was a tradition of the Mighty Eighth Air Force. The tunic is in excellent condition and roughly a size 38R. The second jacket is an English made Ike jacket tailored by Joseph J. Page of Rushden which is a city in Northamptonshire, England. Once again the tunic is named to the interior S. E. Cloud and is dated January 2nd 1945. To the interior pocket are two ribbon bars with one bar having Air Medal with Silver Oak Leaf Cluster, Victory Medal while the other bar has European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, American Campaign Medal and Good Conduct Medal. To the shoulders are a standard Army Air Corps patch and a British Made wool Eighth Air Force patch. To the collars are standard U.S. and wing and prop devices and finally a stunning blue backed bullion pilot wings. This tunic is also roughly a size 38R. Both recently came out of a house in Ohio but nothing more is known about Lt. Cloud. During World War II, under the leadership of such generals as Ira Eaker and Jimmy Doolittle, the VIII BC (then Eighth Air Force) formed the greatest air armada in history. By mid-1944, the unit had a total strength of more than 200,000 people, and it could send more than 2,000 four-engine bombers and 1,000 fighters on a single mission against enemy targets in Europe. For this reason, Eighth Air Force is commonly known as the "Mighty Eighth." From May 1942 to July 1945, the Eighth planned and precisely executed America's daylight strategic bombing campaign against Nazi-occupied Europe, and in doing so the organization compiled an impressive war record. That record, however, carried a high price. For instance, the Eighth suffered about half of the U.S. Army Air Force's casualties (47,483 out of 115,332), including more than 26,000 dead. The Eighth's brave men earned 17 Medals of Honor, 220 Distinguished Service Crosses, and 442,000 Air Medals. The Eighth's combat record also shows 566 aces (261 fighter pilots with 31 having 15 or more victories and 305 enlisted gunners), over 440,000 bomber sorties to drop 697,000 tons of bombs, and over 5,100 aircraft losses and 11,200 aerial victories.

WWII US AIR CORPS E-3A ESCAPE & EVASION KIT WW2

Lot #147a (Sale Order 201 of 952)

E-3A “Tape Lid Kit” with partial contents and survival signalling mirror with case. First case has Caramels box and inside has Halazon tablets for water purification, Aspirin tablets, one Caramel and a stick of Wrigley's Spearmint Gum, Bouillon Powder, Opthalmic Ointment and cased survival matches. The second case has a saw blade, sharpening stone, tweezers, Toothbrush and finally some band-aids. Sandwiched between the two cases are a boxed Spec 40653 Emergency Signaling Mirror with Lanyard. Excellent This is known as the E-3A “Tape Lid” Survival Kit, sometimes these were referred to as “Sustenance Kits” or “Survival Flasks” too. It is called the “Tape Lid” because the top of the flask was secured by a piece of tape. You would peel the tape off then take the entire lid off of the flask so you could empty the contents and then use it for storing water you would purify (with tablets supplied in the kit).

WWII ARMY AIR CORPS 8TH AIR FORCE FLGHT JACKET

Lot #148 (Sale Order 202 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps A-2 flight jacket of the 34th Bomb Group of the 18th Bomber Squadron of the 8th Air Force. Jacket is still in excellent condition still retaining the original cuffs and waistband with minor wear. Original contract label is present and made by Bronco size tag of 38. Jacket is patched having squadron insignia in Chenille to the front of the 34th Bomb Group of the 18th Bomber Squadron. Jacket is in excellent condition with it's original fully functioning Talon Zipper. Constituted as 34th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on 20 Nov 1940. Activated on 15 Jan 1941. Using B-17’s, trained and participated in maneuvers until Dec 1041. Flew Patrol missions along the east coast after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. Later became part of the defense force for the west coast. Served as a replacement training unit from mid-1942 until the end of 1943, and then began preparing for overseas duty with B-24’s. Moved to England in Apr 1944 for operations with Eighth AF. Entered combat in May 1944. Helped to prepare for the invasion of Normandy by bombing airfields in France and Germany, and supported the landing in June by attacking coastal defenses and communications. Continued to take part in the campaign in France by supporting ground forces at St Lo, 24-25 Jul, and by striking V-weapon sites, gun emplacements, and supply lines throughout the summer of 1944. Converted to B-17’s and engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic objectives from Oct 1944 to Feb 1945. Targets included marshalling yards in Ludwigshaven, Hamm, Osnabruck, and Darmstadt ; oil centers in Bielefeld, Merseburg, Hamburg, and Misburg; factories in Berlin, Dalteln, and Hannover; and airfields in Munster, Neumunster, and Frankfurt. During this period the group also supported ground forces during the Battle of the Bulge, Dec 1944-Jan 1945. In Mar 1945, with few industrial targets remaining and with Allied armies advancing across Germany, the 34th turned almost solely to interdicting enemy communications and supporting Allied ground forces. After V-E Day it carried food to flooded areas of Holland and transported prisoners of war from German camps to Allied centers. Returned to the US in the summer of 1945. Inactivated on 28 Aug 1945.

WWII AIRBORNE SHORT T HANDLED SHOVEL PARATROOPER

Lot #149 (Sale Order 203 of 952)

WWII US Army Airborne short T handled shovel measuring 17 inches long and unquestionably rigged during the period of WWII. The purpose of shortening the handle was so that they would be less likely to get caught in the parachute rigging during combat jumps. These shovels are exceedingly rare compared to their longer counterpart. Excellent

WWII US JOIN AMERICAN RED CROSS POP UP POSTER

Lot #150 (Sale Order 204 of 952)

Very nice colorful counter top cardboard poster depicting a Red Cross Nurse. Artwork is by Lawrence Wilbur. Has edge wear. 22" by 16". Very Good-Excellent

WWII US JOIN RED CROSS & UNCLE SAM POSTER

Lot #151 (Sale Order 205 of 952)

Beautiful cardboard poster by James Montgomery Flagg depicting a Red Cross nurse with Uncle Sam. The caption reads " Your Red Cross Needs You". 20" by 13", Excellent

WWII US ERA JOIN RED CROSS AT THE HELM POSTER

Lot #152 (Sale Order 206 of 952)

Nice die cut counter cardboard poster "Join At The helm in Time of Need". Artwork by Hayden Hayden. 18" by 21" Excellent

WWII US WOMANS WASP PILOT INSIGNIA FOR TUNIC WW2

Lot #153 (Sale Order 207 of 952)

Beautiful set of WWII WASP pilot insignia including a W.A.S.P collar device set with a Wing and Prop device. Finally a Federal Eagle shield for the Beret. Creation of the WASP WASP started out as two separate organizations. Pilot Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran wrote to the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt in 1939 to suggest the idea of using women pilots in non-combat missions. Cochran was introduced by Roosevelt to General Henry H. Arnold, chief of the Army Air Force, and to General Robert Olds, who became the head of the Air Transport Command (ATC). Arnold asked her to ferry a bomber to Great Britain in order to generate publicity for the idea of women piloting military aircraft. Cochran did go to England, where she volunteered for the Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) and recruited American women pilots to help fly planes in Europe. Twenty-five women volunteered for the ATA with Cochran. The American women who flew in the ATA were the first American women to fly military aircraft. While in England, Cochran studied the organization of both the ATA and the Royal Air Force (RAF). In the summer of 1941, Cochran and test-pilot Nancy Harkness Love independently submitted proposals to the U.S. Army Air Forces to allow women pilots in non-combat missions after the outbreak of World War II in Europe. The plan was to free male pilots for combat roles by using qualified female pilots to ferry aircraft from the factories to military bases, and also to tow drones and aerial targets. The U.S. was building its air power and military presence in anticipation of direct involvement in the conflict, and had belatedly begun to drastically expand its men in uniform. This period led to the dramatic increase in activity for the U.S. Army Air Forces, because of obvious gaps in "manpower" that could be filled by women. To compensate for the manpower demands of the military after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the government encouraged women to enter the workforce to fill both industrial and service jobs supporting the war effort.

WWII US WASP GRADUATION CLASS WINGS W1 by AMCRAFT

Lot #154 (Sale Order 208 of 952)

Beautiful set of WWII WASP class pilot wings by Amcraft in Sterling. Worn by 1,074 women during WWII (out of 25,000 who applied and 1,830 who were accepted) who successfully completed the Women Airforce Service Pilot training program. This is for the first graduating class. Creation of the WASP WASP started out as two separate organizations. Pilot Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran wrote to the First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt in 1939 to suggest the idea of using women pilots in non-combat missions. Cochran was introduced by Roosevelt to General Henry H. Arnold, chief of the Army Air Force, and to General Robert Olds, who became the head of the Air Transport Command (ATC). Arnold asked her to ferry a bomber to Great Britain in order to generate publicity for the idea of women piloting military aircraft. Cochran did go to England, where she volunteered for the Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) and recruited American women pilots to help fly planes in Europe. Twenty-five women volunteered for the ATA with Cochran. The American women who flew in the ATA were the first American women to fly military aircraft. While in England, Cochran studied the organization of both the ATA and the Royal Air Force (RAF). In the summer of 1941, Cochran and test-pilot Nancy Harkness Love independently submitted proposals to the U.S. Army Air Forces to allow women pilots in non-combat missions after the outbreak of World War II in Europe. The plan was to free male pilots for combat roles by using qualified female pilots to ferry aircraft from the factories to military bases, and also to tow drones and aerial targets. The U.S. was building its air power and military presence in anticipation of direct involvement in the conflict, and had belatedly begun to drastically expand its men in uniform. This period led to the dramatic increase in activity for the U.S. Army Air Forces, because of obvious gaps in "manpower" that could be filled by women. To compensate for the manpower demands of the military after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the government encouraged women to enter the workforce to fill both industrial and service jobs supporting the war effort.

WWII TRENCH ART FIGURAL ASHTRAY HAND CARVED

Lot #155 (Sale Order 209 of 952)

Hand-carved wooden figure with a long-stem pipe. Base is made from a 1944 dated 105mm Artillery round. Headstamp markings are intact and legible. Figure is hand painted. Approximately 8" tall. Light age. Very Good

WWII US WOMAN'S M43 FIELD JACKET NAMED COLONEL

Lot #156 (Sale Order 210 of 952)

Women's M-43 field jacket, size 14R, in excellent condition. Has post-war name and branch of service tapes and subdued Colonel rank insignia pinned to each shoulder and US Army Medical Command left sleeve shoulder patch. The jacket was made in 1944 and evidently worn during the service of Colonel Elenore F. Sullivan who served nearly 30 years in the US Army Nurse Corps. Her first assignment following Officer Basic Course was as Head Nurse of the Newborn Section at Fitzsimmons Army Hospital, Colorado. In 1961, she was selected to attend the Military Nursing Practice and Research Course at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. After completion of the course, she remained as staff until 1964. From 1964 to 1970, she was a Pediatric Nursing Instructor-Assistant Professor at the University of Maryland-Walter Reed Army Institute of Nursing. From 1970 to 1972, she was Nursing Supervisor at Camp Kue, Okinawa and from 1972 to 1976, Educational and Training Nurse Clinician at Fort Ord, California. From 1976 to 1979, she was Chief, Department of Nursing Research at Walter Reed and from 1979 to her retirement in 1986, Chief, Department of Nursing at William Beaumont Army Hospital, El Paso, Texas. Colonel Sullivan received many awards and decorations including the Army Commendation Medal, Meritorious Service medal with 1st and 2nd Oak Leaf Cluster and the Legion of Merit. She had an "A" prefix designation in Pediatric Nursing, was a member of the Order of Military Medical Merit and was Pediatric Nursing consultant to the Surgeon General from 1976 to 1980. Excellent

WWII US NAVY USMC HEATHER FLIGHT SUIT M-456A LOT

Lot #157 (Sale Order 211 of 952)

In WWII, the US Navy operated PBY Catalinas and navalized B-24 Liberators for patrol, anti- submarine, and recconaissance work. These pilots had to endure flights lasting many hours, and so were issued electrically heated goatskin leather flight suits, crowned with a wide mouton collar. This US Navy WW2 M-456A Electrically Heated Goatskin Leather Flight Suit is in very good to excellent condition, with some light overall wear. It is a size Medium (38). It was produced by the Colvinex Corporation and is so marked on the printed BuAero spec label. It is complete with the original belt and leather covered buckle, and features a thick, full genuine mouton fur collar, which remains nearly perfect. Also comes with it's original leather NAF 1092W 7 1/2 marked flight helmet. with minor chafe wear. Excellent.

WWII US ID'ed CBI FLYING TIGER BLOOD CHIT GROUPING

Lot #157a (Sale Order 212 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps CBI or China Burma India insignia grouping to consist of Major Thomas Mitchell's 1) Theater made American flag blood chit made of leather and being multipiece construction measuring 10 X 7 1/2 inches 2) Early Theater made Flying Tigers multi piece construction blood chit measuring 7 3/4 X 9 3/4 inches. The most unusual thing about this chit is it is made in tan leather. 3) Theater made Air Transport Command Squadron patch measuring 5 1/8 inches wide and being made of multipiece construction. 4) Standard US made ATC Squadron patch measuring 4 inches wide. 5) Theater made CBI shoulder sleeve insignia or SSI being made of silk. 6) Beautiful black and white photo of Major Mitchell Thomas and a friend of his simply calling him T.J. of the reverse of the image. The photo shows Major Mitchell in front of the famed P-40 Flying Tiger airplane. 7) US Army Air Transport Command Cabin Identification. The tag identifies him leaving out of Chabua India. 8) 6 bank notes from China as well as India. More detail and insight of "BloodChits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII THEATER MADE MARS TASK FORCE PATCH ON SILK

Lot #158 (Sale Order 213 of 952)

WWII rare Theater made SSI or Shoulder sleeve insignia of the MARS TASK FORCE. Insignia in embroidered on silk with a unique paper and cloth backing. Patch is in excellent condition measuring roughly 4 X 4 1/4 inches. The 5332d Brigade (Provisional) was activated on 26 July 1944. It soon came to be known as the MARS TASK FORCE. It was designed as a Long Range Penetration Force and training, equipment and organization were all directed toward this end. The following narrative report is submitted. Staff and unit histories, and technical reports are submitted under separate cover. MARS was able to profit by the experience of Wingate’s Raiders and Merrill’s Marauders in Burma jungle operations. The leaven of veteran jungle fighters was mixed with the freshness of volunteers and the assignment of the 124th Cavalry Regiment. A triangular plan was envisioned and in many ways MARS TASK FORCE was truly a Division, consisting of the 475th Infantry, 124th Cavalry (Sp.) and 1st Chinese Regiment. The Cavalry Regiment had a long history of mounted Cavalry and was converted by MARS to Cavalry dismounted, with the functions and employment of an Infantry Regiment. The 475th Infantry was organized by MARS and given official status as a numbered Infantry Regiment by the War Dept. The Brigade itself was organized as a Provisional Unit. At no time was Brigade permitted to employ the 1st Chinese Regiment in any tactical operations. To have been able to use this regiment would have increased the striking power of the Brigade considerably. Although the Namhpakka-Hosi Campaign is considered highly successful, another regiment would have permitted the use of either the 475th Infantry or the 124th Cavalry to swing southward or eastward in a Brigade encroachment of the enemy. It was impossible to do so under the circumstances, for to use one or two Battalion Combat Teams for this purpose would have jeopardized not only such a small striking force but also the holding force. The series of commanding terrain features were such that they had been left open by any Battalion Combat Team it would have been an open invitation to the Japs to surround and destroy the Brigade piecemeal. The 1st Chinese Regiment, later attached to the 50th Division, and committed, demonstrated its ability, and climaxed its campaign by securing Kyaukme and linking with the 36th Division (British). This closed an East-West line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Monglong - Mogok. The British were thus placed in a position to join with the forces of the 14th Army, to establish the line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Maymyo - Mandalay, to terminate the conquest of Northern and North Central Burma. The Brigade component committed in the Tonkwa-Mo Hlaing sector (475th Infantry) broke Jap opposition in that area and permitted the 50th Division to move in and occupy the area, thence to move Southward to play its part in establishing the line mentioned above. Upon completion of the action at Tonkwa, the Brigade turned to the East and thrust deep into enemy territory to strike the Namhkam-Lashio Burma Road axis, at Namhpakka. The swiftness of movement gained surprise, and the viciousness of attack removed the keystone of the sector. The blow inflicted by MARS at this point caused the enemy to withdraw rapidly below Lashio and allowed the New First Army (Chinese) to move almost unopposed south of Lashio, screening against counter-attack and forcing the enemy a safe distance from the Stilwell Road. Brigade was held in the Namhpakka area to be passed through by New First Army. Hence, MARS could not further exploit its own successes. Here contact was broken, and friendly forces belatedly grasped the advantage gained, fulfilling its order in a virtual road march. The training period of MARS as a Brigade was unusually short. One year is considered the normal training period for a division. Further, all of the Brigade Infantry units, as noticed before, had to be organized (475th Infantry) or converted (124th Cavalry, 1st Chinese Regiment, Sept.) Throughout tactical operations, the 612th Field Artillery Battalion (Pack) and the 613th FA Bn (Pk) acquitted themselves with distinction. This was accomplished with the sole aid of 75mm Pack Artillery, constantly opposed by much heavier and longer range enemy weapons (105 and 150mm). The basic intention of Field Artillery - to displace enemy artillery from hostile fire positions against our forces - could not be accomplished by range and striking power. However, in the long run, this was satisfactorily accomplished by attrition and by slow but effective destruction of enemy armament and materiel, as well as by disorganization and damage to motor parks, fuel dumps, warehouses and CP’s (brought within range by the selection of objective).

WWII US ARMY JINGPAW RANGERS KACHIN RANGERS PATCH

Lot #159 (Sale Order 214 of 952)

Lot of two rare WWII US Army shoulder sleeve patches including USA Kachin Rangers and USA Jingpaw Rangers. Both are cut edge WWII production insignia's and do not react to ultra violet light. Excellent condition. History "On April 14, 1942, William Donovan, as Coordinator of Information (which evolved into the Office of Strategic Services that June), activated Detachment 101 for action behind enemy lines in Burma. The first unit of its kind, the Detachment was charged with gathering intelligence, harassing the Japanese through guerrilla actions, identifying targets for the Army Air Force to bomb, and rescuing downed Allied airmen. Because Detachment 101 was never larger than a few hundred Americans, it relied on support from various tribal groups in Burma. In particular, the vigorously anti-Japanese Kachin people were vital to the unit's success. By the time of its deactivation on July 12, 1945, Detachment 101 had scored impressive results. According to official statistics, with a loss of some 22 Americans, Detachment 101 killed 5,428 Japanese and rescued 574 Allied personnel."[2] 101's efforts opened the way for Stilwell's Chinese forces, Wingate's Raiders, Merrill's Marauders, and the great counter-attack against the Japanese Imperial life-line." During most of the unit's existence, it funded and coordinated various resistance groups made up of the Kachin people of northern Burma. The best known resistance force was known as the Kachin Rangers and was under the command of Carl F. Eifler, though often the term Kachin Rangers has been used to describe all Kachin Forces raised during the war by the Americans in Northern Burma. In July 1942, twenty OSS men moved in and set up headquarters at Nazira in the northeastern Indian province of Assam. No operations of any significance occurred until the end of 1942. Starting in 1943, small groups or individuals were parachuted behind Japanese lines to remote Kachin villages, followed by a parachute supply drop. The Americans then began to create independent guerrilla groups of the Kachin people, calling in weapons and equipment drops. In December 1943 Stilwell issued a directive that Detachment 101 increase its strength to 3,000 guerillas. They were recruited from within Burma, many of them "fierce Kachins". Once established, the groups undertook a variety of unconventional missions. They ambushed Japanese patrols, rescued downed American pilots, and cleared small landing strips in the jungle. They also screened the advances of larger Allied forces, including Merrill's Marauders. Eifler held the rank of Colonel when he was relieved because of serious head injuries, Lt. Col. William R. Peers taking over command. At the end of the war, each Kachin Ranger received the CMA (Citation for Military Assistance) Award.[Note 1] Actually, the medal was the result of a mistake. An OSS officer, reading a radio message that advised him how to reward heroic Kachin action, misinterpreted the abbreviation for "comma" ("CMA") as signifying some sort of a medal. Reluctant to leave the Kachins empty handed, the OSS quickly created the medal and presented it to them.

WWII THEATER MADE 14TH AIR FORCE BULLION PATCHES

Lot #160 (Sale Order 215 of 952)

WWII US Army 14th Air Force theater made insignia including 1 blue velvet backed Army Air Corps patch and the other is a 14th Air Force blue velvet backed bullion patch. both are in excellent condition. History World War II 1st American Volunteer group With the United States entry into World War II against the Empire of Japan in December 1941, Claire Chennault, the commander of the American Volunteer Group (AVG) (known as the Flying Tigers) of the Chinese Air Force was called to Chungking, China, on 29 March 1942, for a conference to decide the fate of the AVG. Present at the conference were Chiang Kai-shek; his wife, Madame Chiang Kai-shek; Lt. Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, commander of all U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater; and Colonel Clayton L. Bissell, who had arrived in early March. Bissell was General Henry H. 'Hap' Arnold's choice to command the USAAF's proposed combat organization in China. As early as 30 December 1941, the U.S. War Department in Washington, D.C., had authorized the induction of the Flying Tigers into the U.S. Army Air Forces (USAAF). Chennault was opposed to inducting the Flying Tigers into the Army. Stilwell and Bissell made it clear to both Chennault and Chiang that unless the AVG became part of the U.S. Army Air Force, its supplies would be cut off. Chennault agreed to return to active duty but he made it clear to Stilwell that his men would have to speak for themselves. Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to induction of the AVG into the USAAF, after Stilwell promised that the fighter group absorbing the induction would remain in China with Chennault in command. With the situation in Burma rapidly deteriorating, Stilwell and Bissell wanted the AVG dissolved by 30 April 1942. Chennault, wanting to keep the Flying Tigers going as long as possible, proposed the group disband on 4 July, when the AVG's contracts with the Nationalist Chinese government expired. Stilwell and Bissell accepted. China Air Task Force Chennault was recalled to active duty in the USAAF on 15 April 1942 in the grade of Major General. Chennault was told that he would have to be satisfied with command a China Air Task Force of fighters and bombers as part of the Tenth Air Force. Its mission was to defend the aerial supply operation over the Himalayan mountains between India and China – nicknamed the Hump – and to provide air support for Chinese ground forces. Bissell had been promoted to brigadier general with one day's seniority to Chennault in order to command all American air units in China as Stillwell's Air Commander (in August 1942 he became commanding general of the Tenth Air Force). Friction developed when Chennault and the Chinese government were disturbed by the possibility that Chennault would no longer control combat operations in China. However, when Tenth Air Force commanding general Lewis Brereton was transferred to Egypt on 26 June, Stillwell used the occasion to issue an announcement that Chennault would continue to command all air operations in China. The CATF had 51 fighters in July 1942: 31 Curtiss 81A-1 (export Tomahawks) and P-40B Tomahawks, and 20 P-40E Warhawks. Only 29 were flyable. The 81A-1s and P-40Bs were from the original 100 fighters China had purchased for use by the Flying Tigers; the P-40E Warhawks had been flown from India to China in May 1942 as part of the 23rd Fighter Group, attached to the AVG to gain experience and provide continuity to the takeover of operations of the AVG. Both fighters were good medium-altitude day fighters, with their best performance between 15,000 and 18,000 feet, and they were excellent ground-strafing aircraft. The 11th Bombardment Squadron (Medium), consisting of the seven B-25s flown in from India, made up the bomber section of Chennault's command. These seven B-25C Mitchells were the remnants of an original 12 sent from India. Four were lost on a bombing mission en route and a fifth developed mechanical problems such that it was grounded and used for spare parts. The AVG was disbanded on 4 July 1942, simultaneous with the activation of the 23rd FG. Its personnel were offered USAAF commissions but only five of the AVG pilots accepted them. The remainder of the AVG pilots, many disgruntled with Bissell, became civilian transport pilots in China, went back to America into other jobs, or joined or rejoined the other military services and fought elsewhere in the war. An example was Fritz Wolf who returned to the Navy with the rank of Lieutenant, senior grade and assigned as fighter pilot instructor at the Jacksonville Naval Air Station in Florida. The 23rd Fighter Group with the 74th, 75th and 76th Fighter squadrons, its table of organization rounded out by the transfer of men and P-40s from two squadrons of the 51st Fighter Group in India. A fourth fighter squadron for the 23rd Group was obtained by subterfuge.

WWII US ARMY PARATROOPER NAMED 517th GROUPING WW2

Lot #160a (Sale Order 216 of 952)

WWII US Army Paratrooper grouping identified to Pvt. Roger Tallakson ASN 3756944 who was a member of the Battery A of the 460th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion of the 517th Parachute Combat Team. Grouping consist of his 1) WWII pinback Jump wings in Sterling with his 517th Jump Oval that is direct embroidered on wool. 2) 517th Parachute Combat Team paperback unit history. 3) Black and White photo of PVt. Tallakson with his friend "Roger". Both have bloused trousers and wearing the 17th Airborne SSI. 4) 17th Airborne Shoulder Sleeve insignia. 5) Black and White photo of the combat map of the 517th. Finally a Notice of change of address card nicely filled out by the Vet. Excellent Operation Dragoon The 517th was one of three parachute infantry regiments assigned to the First Airborne Task Force, which was charged with the assault on Southern France. The assault was set for 0800 on 15 August 1944, however, the 517th dropped early at 0328 on the 15th. This marked the unit's first combat jump. After three days of heavy fighting around the towns of Le Muy, Les Arcs, La Motte and Draguignan, German resistance ceased. For their participation in Operation Dragoon and the subsequent liberation of France, the 517th PIR was awarded the French Croix de Guerre by the Provisional Government of the French Republic. Battle of the Bulge The 517th was attached to the XVIII Airborne Corps following the liberation of France, along with the 82nd, 101st, and 13th Airborne Divisions. Elements of the 517th participated in counter-attacks near the Belgian towns of Soy, Sur-Les-Hys, Hotton, and Manhay, pushing the German offensive past its starting point. The 517th suffered heavy casualties in the ferocious fighting during the battle, during which 1st Battalion, 517th received the Presidential Unit Citation for its successful assault on Soy and Hotton. Last days of World War II Following the Battle of the Bulge, the 517th PIR was assigned to the 13th Airborne Division, to take part in Operation Varsity, the airborne crossing of the Rhine river. However, prior to the operation, the 13th's participation in the attack was called off. The 517th, then attached to the 17th Airborne Division, was slated to take part in Operation Coronet, the airborne invasion of the Japanese Home Islands, which was also called off after V-J Day. Statistics The 517th Parachute Regimental Combat Team accumulated over 150 combat days during five campaigns on battlefields in Italy, France, Belgium and Germany. The battalion casualty rate was 81.9 percent. The team suffered 1,576 casualties and had 247 men killed in action. PFC Melvin E. Biddle B/1/517th PIR was awarded the Medal of Honor for heroic actions during the Soy-Hotton engagement. On 15 February 1945, elements of the RCT were assigned to the 13th Airborne Division. The 13th was inactivated in February 1946. In addition to the one Medal of Honor, troopers of the 517th PRCT earned 6 Distinguished Service Crosses, 131 Silver Stars, 631 Bronze Stars, 1,576 Purple Hearts, 5 Legion of Merits, 4 Soldier's Medals, 2 Air Medals and 17 French Croix de Guerres.

WWII THEATER MADE 14TH AAC AIR FORCE PATCHES WW2

Lot #161 (Sale Order 217 of 952)

WWII US Army 14th Air Force theater made insignia including 1 pocket patch measuring 4 inches wide with silk thread direct embroidered on cotton twill backing and the other is a shoulder sleeve insignia that is silk embroidered on cotton twill backing. Both are in excellent condition. History World War II 1st American Volunteer group With the United States entry into World War II against the Empire of Japan in December 1941, Claire Chennault, the commander of the American Volunteer Group (AVG) (known as the Flying Tigers) of the Chinese Air Force was called to Chungking, China, on 29 March 1942, for a conference to decide the fate of the AVG. Present at the conference were Chiang Kai-shek; his wife, Madame Chiang Kai-shek; Lt. Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, commander of all U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater; and Colonel Clayton L. Bissell, who had arrived in early March. Bissell was General Henry H. 'Hap' Arnold's choice to command the USAAF's proposed combat organization in China. As early as 30 December 1941, the U.S. War Department in Washington, D.C., had authorized the induction of the Flying Tigers into the U.S. Army Air Forces (USAAF). Chennault was opposed to inducting the Flying Tigers into the Army. Stilwell and Bissell made it clear to both Chennault and Chiang that unless the AVG became part of the U.S. Army Air Force, its supplies would be cut off. Chennault agreed to return to active duty but he made it clear to Stilwell that his men would have to speak for themselves. Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to induction of the AVG into the USAAF, after Stilwell promised that the fighter group absorbing the induction would remain in China with Chennault in command. With the situation in Burma rapidly deteriorating, Stilwell and Bissell wanted the AVG dissolved by 30 April 1942. Chennault, wanting to keep the Flying Tigers going as long as possible, proposed the group disband on 4 July, when the AVG's contracts with the Nationalist Chinese government expired. Stilwell and Bissell accepted. China Air Task Force Chennault was recalled to active duty in the USAAF on 15 April 1942 in the grade of Major General. Chennault was told that he would have to be satisfied with command a China Air Task Force of fighters and bombers as part of the Tenth Air Force. Its mission was to defend the aerial supply operation over the Himalayan mountains between India and China – nicknamed the Hump – and to provide air support for Chinese ground forces. Bissell had been promoted to brigadier general with one day's seniority to Chennault in order to command all American air units in China as Stillwell's Air Commander (in August 1942 he became commanding general of the Tenth Air Force). Friction developed when Chennault and the Chinese government were disturbed by the possibility that Chennault would no longer control combat operations in China. However, when Tenth Air Force commanding general Lewis Brereton was transferred to Egypt on 26 June, Stillwell used the occasion to issue an announcement that Chennault would continue to command all air operations in China. The CATF had 51 fighters in July 1942: 31 Curtiss 81A-1 (export Tomahawks) and P-40B Tomahawks, and 20 P-40E Warhawks. Only 29 were flyable. The 81A-1s and P-40Bs were from the original 100 fighters China had purchased for use by the Flying Tigers; the P-40E Warhawks had been flown from India to China in May 1942 as part of the 23rd Fighter Group, attached to the AVG to gain experience and provide continuity to the takeover of operations of the AVG. Both fighters were good medium-altitude day fighters, with their best performance between 15,000 and 18,000 feet, and they were excellent ground-strafing aircraft. The 11th Bombardment Squadron (Medium), consisting of the seven B-25s flown in from India, made up the bomber section of Chennault's command. These seven B-25C Mitchells were the remnants of an original 12 sent from India. Four were lost on a bombing mission en route and a fifth developed mechanical problems such that it was grounded and used for spare parts. The AVG was disbanded on 4 July 1942, simultaneous with the activation of the 23rd FG. Its personnel were offered USAAF commissions but only five of the AVG pilots accepted them. The remainder of the AVG pilots, many disgruntled with Bissell, became civilian transport pilots in China, went back to America into other jobs, or joined or rejoined the other military services and fought elsewhere in the war. An example was Fritz Wolf who returned to the Navy with the rank of Lieutenant, senior grade and assigned as fighter pilot instructor at the Jacksonville Naval Air Station in Florida. The 23rd Fighter Group with the 74th, 75th and 76th Fighter squadrons, its table of organization rounded out by the transfer of men and P-40s from two squadrons of the 51st Fighter Group in India.

WWII LEATHER THEATER MADE LEDO ROAD CBI PATCH LOT

Lot #162 (Sale Order 218 of 952)

WWII US Army China Burma India and Ledo Road Leather shoulder patch lot. Both patches are multi piece construction and in excellent condition. The Ledo Road was built by U.S. Army Engineers and native labor during World War II from the tea plantation province of Assam in India, through the mountains and jungle of northern Burma, to a junction with the Burma Road. It went over tough mountain terrain, across monsoon fed swamps and through the thickest jungle. General Lewis A. Pick, who commanded the road building effort, called it the toughest job ever given to U.S. Army Engineers in wartime. Its purpose was to re-establish the land supply route to China that had been blocked by the Japanese invasion of Burma in 1942. Construction began 16 December 1942 and the completed road was officially opened 20 May 1945. An estimated 147,000 tons of supplies were carried over the road by the end of the war. The usefulness of the Ledo Road was debated both before its construction and after its completion. Even as it progressed into Burma, military planners had their doubts about whether it could be completed in time or even at all. As it neared completion and until well after the war ended, many pointed out that it never lived-up to the original estimates of capacity as a supply line. Overlooked is the fact that it was decided not to build the road to the original specification of a double-track (two-lane) road over its entire length, the fact that it was never assigned the originally planned number of truck transport companies, and the fact that it actually assisted the airlift operation over The Hump to which it was constantly compared. As the road was built it served as a combat highway enabling the reconquest of Burma, serviced a pipeline that paralleled it to carry fuel all the way to China, and allowed safer more southerly routes for airlift flights to China. The accomplishment of building the Ledo Road stands as a testament to the men responsible and the American spirit that made it possible. CBI Officially established June 22, 1942, the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations (CBI) is often referred to as the Forgotten Theater of World War II. Of the 12,300,000 Americans under arms at the height of World War II mobilization, only about 250,000 (two percent) were assigned to the CBI Theater. Relatively few Americans were in combat in the theater. Except for a few stories, CBI did not often make headlines in the newspapers back home. The 12,000 mile supply line, longest of the war, was often last in line for supplies from the United States. Not forgotten to Allied war planners, CBI was important to the overall war strategy. Occupation of Burma in 1942 by Japanese forces cut the last supply line of communication between China and the outside world. Keeping China in the war was important as it occupied an estimated 800,000 Japanese troops that might have been used elsewhere. A military airlift to supply China was begun although it was generally agreed that this would not be enough and a land supply route would be needed. A road from Ledo, Assam, India was begun in late 1942. Ledo was chosen because it was close to the northern terminus of a rail line from the ports of Calcutta and Karachi. Construction of the Ledo Road was completed in early 1945. Allied forces in CBI, mostly British, Chinese, and Indian, engaged large numbers of Japanese troops. America's role in CBI was to support China by providing war materials and the manpower to get it to where it was needed. The Flying Tigers fought the Japanese in the air over China and Burma. The Services of Supply managed supplies from the U.S. to India and on to China. Army Air Forces flew supplies Over The Hump from India to China. Merrill's Marauders and the Mars Task Force fought through the jungles of Burma. Army Engineers built the Ledo Road to open up the land supply route.

WWII LEDO ROAD PATCH LOT OF 4 TWO THEATER MADE WW2

Lot #163 (Sale Order 219 of 952)

WWII US Army Ledo Road shoulder patch lot including 1) Leather multi piece construction Ledo Road patch in mint condition. 2) Standard embroidered red top variant Ledo Road shoulder patch in mint condition. Standard embroidered blue top variant Ledo Road shoulder patch in mint condition. Theater made embroidered on cotton twill Ledo Road made patch. The Ledo Road was built by U.S. Army Engineers and native labor during World War II from the tea plantation province of Assam in India, through the mountains and jungle of northern Burma, to a junction with the Burma Road. It went over tough mountain terrain, across monsoon fed swamps and through the thickest jungle. General Lewis A. Pick, who commanded the road building effort, called it the toughest job ever given to U.S. Army Engineers in wartime. Its purpose was to re-establish the land supply route to China that had been blocked by the Japanese invasion of Burma in 1942. Construction began 16 December 1942 and the completed road was officially opened 20 May 1945. An estimated 147,000 tons of supplies were carried over the road by the end of the war. The usefulness of the Ledo Road was debated both before its construction and after its completion. Even as it progressed into Burma, military planners had their doubts about whether it could be completed in time or even at all. As it neared completion and until well after the war ended, many pointed out that it never lived-up to the original estimates of capacity as a supply line. Overlooked is the fact that it was decided not to build the road to the original specification of a double-track (two-lane) road over its entire length, the fact that it was never assigned the originally planned number of truck transport companies, and the fact that it actually assisted the airlift operation over The Hump to which it was constantly compared. As the road was built it served as a combat highway enabling the reconquest of Burma, serviced a pipeline that paralleled it to carry fuel all the way to China, and allowed safer more southerly routes for airlift flights to China. The accomplishment of building the Ledo Road stands as a testament to the men responsible and the American spirit that made it possible. CBI Officially established June 22, 1942, the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations (CBI) is often referred to as the Forgotten Theater of World War II. Of the 12,300,000 Americans under arms at the height of World War II mobilization, only about 250,000 (two percent) were assigned to the CBI Theater. Relatively few Americans were in combat in the theater. Except for a few stories, CBI did not often make headlines in the newspapers back home. The 12,000 mile supply line, longest of the war, was often last in line for supplies from the United States. Not forgotten to Allied war planners, CBI was important to the overall war strategy. Occupation of Burma in 1942 by Japanese forces cut the last supply line of communication between China and the outside world. Keeping China in the war was important as it occupied an estimated 800,000 Japanese troops that might have been used elsewhere. A military airlift to supply China was begun although it was generally agreed that this would not be enough and a land supply route would be needed. A road from Ledo, Assam, India was begun in late 1942. Ledo was chosen because it was close to the northern terminus of a rail line from the ports of Calcutta and Karachi. Construction of the Ledo Road was completed in early 1945. Allied forces in CBI, mostly British, Chinese, and Indian, engaged large numbers of Japanese troops. America's role in CBI was to support China by providing war materials and the manpower to get it to where it was needed. The Flying Tigers fought the Japanese in the air over China and Burma. The Services of Supply managed supplies from the U.S. to India and on to China. Army Air Forces flew supplies Over The Hump from India to China. Merrill's Marauders and the Mars Task Force fought through the jungles of Burma. Army Engineers built the Ledo Road to open up the land supply route.

WWII THEATER MADE LOT OF 9 CBI PATCH INSIGNIA WW2

Lot #164 (Sale Order 220 of 952)

A grouping of CBI or China Burma India patches to include 1) Leather CBI multi piece construction SSI with brown leather border in excellent condition. 2) Leather CBI multi piece construction Shoulder Sleeve Insignia in excellent condition. 3) Printed CBI multi piece construction patch in excellent condition. 4) Printed CBI multi piece construction patch in excellent condition. 5) Embroidered multi piece construction SSI with snap fastener to apply to the uniform when cleaning. 6) Embroidered multi piece construction SSI with snap fastener to apply to the uniform when cleaning. 7) Embroidered multi piece construction SSI with snap fastener to apply to the uniform when cleaning. 8) Fully embroidered shoulder sleeve patch. 9) Fully embroidered multi piece construction patch. Officially established June 22, 1942, the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations (CBI) is often referred to as the Forgotten Theater of World War II. Of the 12,300,000 Americans under arms at the height of World War II mobilization, only about 250,000 (two percent) were assigned to the CBI Theater. Relatively few Americans were in combat in the theater. Except for a few stories, CBI did not often make headlines in the newspapers back home. The 12,000 mile supply line, longest of the war, was often last in line for supplies from the United States. Not forgotten to Allied war planners, CBI was important to the overall war strategy. Occupation of Burma in 1942 by Japanese forces cut the last supply line of communication between China and the outside world. Keeping China in the war was important as it occupied an estimated 800,000 Japanese troops that might have been used elsewhere. A military airlift to supply China was begun although it was generally agreed that this would not be enough and a land supply route would be needed. A road from Ledo, Assam, India was begun in late 1942. Ledo was chosen because it was close to the northern terminus of a rail line from the ports of Calcutta and Karachi. Construction of the Ledo Road was completed in early 1945. Allied forces in CBI, mostly British, Chinese, and Indian, engaged large numbers of Japanese troops. America's role in CBI was to support China by providing war materials and the manpower to get it to where it was needed. The Flying Tigers fought the Japanese in the air over China and Burma. The Services of Supply managed supplies from the U.S. to India and on to China. Army Air Forces flew supplies Over The Hump from India to China. Merrill's Marauders and the Mars Task Force fought through the jungles of Burma. Army Engineers built the Ledo Road to open up the land supply route.

WWII THEATER MADE BULLION CBI PATCH INSIGNIA LOT 8

Lot #165 (Sale Order 221 of 952)

Grouping of WWII Bullion CBI or China Burma India patches to include 1) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with white backing 2) Beautiful fine quality bullion that is fully embroidered patch with mauve colored backing 3) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with white backing. 4) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with blue backing. 5) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with white backing. 6) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with cheese cloth backing. 7) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with white backing and lift a dot fasteners. 8) Beautiful bullion fully embroidered patch with cheese cloth backing. Officially established June 22, 1942, the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations (CBI) is often referred to as the Forgotten Theater of World War II. Of the 12,300,000 Americans under arms at the height of World War II mobilization, only about 250,000 (two percent) were assigned to the CBI Theater. Relatively few Americans were in combat in the theater. Except for a few stories, CBI did not often make headlines in the newspapers back home. The 12,000 mile supply line, longest of the war, was often last in line for supplies from the United States. Not forgotten to Allied war planners, CBI was important to the overall war strategy. Occupation of Burma in 1942 by Japanese forces cut the last supply line of communication between China and the outside world. Keeping China in the war was important as it occupied an estimated 800,000 Japanese troops that might have been used elsewhere. A military airlift to supply China was begun although it was generally agreed that this would not be enough and a land supply route would be needed. A road from Ledo, Assam, India was begun in late 1942. Ledo was chosen because it was close to the northern terminus of a rail line from the ports of Calcutta and Karachi. Construction of the Ledo Road was completed in early 1945. Allied forces in CBI, mostly British, Chinese, and Indian, engaged large numbers of Japanese troops. America's role in CBI was to support China by providing war materials and the manpower to get it to where it was needed. The Flying Tigers fought the Japanese in the air over China and Burma. The Services of Supply managed supplies from the U.S. to India and on to China. Army Air Forces flew supplies Over The Hump from India to China. Merrill's Marauders and the Mars Task Force fought through the jungles of Burma. Army Engineers built the Ledo Road to open up the land supply route.

WWII THEATER MADE BULLION CBI PATCH INSIGNIA WW2

Lot #166 (Sale Order 222 of 952)

Grouping of WWII theater made CBI or China Burma India and Air Corps patches to include 1) Beautiful Metal Applied Insignia CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield with tan backing 2) Beautiful bullion CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield with tan backing and lift a dot fasteners. 3) Beautiful bullion CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield with tan backing. 4) Beautiful bullion CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield with white backing. 5) Beautiful embroidered CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield. 6) OD bordered CBI variant with colored circle ring around the sun. 7) OD bordered variant CBI shoulder sleeve insignia. 8) OD bordered variant CBI shoulder sleeve insignia. 9) Fully embroidered with silk thread on cotton backing CBI patch. 10) Fully embroidered CBI patch on a multi piece red, white and blue shaped shield. 11) 10th Air Force Theater Made Shoulder Sleeve Insignia with White Backing. 12) Stunning blue velvet backed bullion Army Air Corps shoulder sleeve insignia with tan backing. 13) Direct embroidered on felt Army Air Corps patch. 14) Direct embroidered on felt Army Air Corps patch. 15) Direct embroidered on felt Army Air Corps patch. 16) Standard embroidered cut edge Army Air Corps patch. 17) Embroidered on twill Army Air Corps shoulder sleeve patch. Officially established June 22, 1942, the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations (CBI) is often referred to as the Forgotten Theater of World War II. Of the 12,300,000 Americans under arms at the height of World War II mobilization, only about 250,000 (two percent) were assigned to the CBI Theater. Relatively few Americans were in combat in the theater. Except for a few stories, CBI did not often make headlines in the newspapers back home. The 12,000 mile supply line, longest of the war, was often last in line for supplies from the United States. Not forgotten to Allied war planners, CBI was important to the overall war strategy. Occupation of Burma in 1942 by Japanese forces cut the last supply line of communication between China and the outside world. Keeping China in the war was important as it occupied an estimated 800,000 Japanese troops that might have been used elsewhere. A military airlift to supply China was begun although it was generally agreed that this would not be enough and a land supply route would be needed. A road from Ledo, Assam, India was begun in late 1942. Ledo was chosen because it was close to the northern terminus of a rail line from the ports of Calcutta and Karachi. Construction of the Ledo Road was completed in early 1945. Allied forces in CBI, mostly British, Chinese, and Indian, engaged large numbers of Japanese troops. America's role in CBI was to support China by providing war materials and the manpower to get it to where it was needed. The Flying Tigers fought the Japanese in the air over China and Burma. The Services of Supply managed supplies from the U.S. to India and on to China. Army Air Forces flew supplies Over The Hump from India to China. Merrill's Marauders and the Mars Task Force fought through the jungles of Burma. Army Engineers built the Ledo Road to open up the land supply route.

WWII ID'ed MERRILLS MARAUDERS CHINA HQ PATCH LOT

Lot #167 (Sale Order 223 of 952)

WWII US Army Merrill's Marauders and China Headquarters shoulder sleeve patch lot to include 1) Attributed Merrill's Marauders Shoulder Sleeve Insignia ID'ed to Robert E. Beach. Patch comes a note that this patch was given to the previous owner in 1997 along with Mr. Beach's obituary. 2) Merrill's Marauders Shoulder Sleeve Insignia. 3) China Headquarters of the CBI. Standard US manufactured cut edge insignia. Operations In early 1944, the Marauders were organized as a light infantry assault unit, with mule transport for their 60 mm mortars, bazookas, ammunition, communications gear, and supplies. Although the 5307th's three battalions were equivalent to a regimental-size unit, its lack of organic heavy weapons support meant the force had a combat power less than that of a single regular American infantry battalion, a fact that General Stilwell and his NCAC staff did not always appreciate. Without heavy weapons support, the unit would have to rely on flexibility and surprise to outfight considerably larger Japanese forces. Weight was critical to the Marauders, and the need for a compact, lightweight field ration was essential; unfortunately, the best solution, the dry Jungle ration, at 4,000 calories per day, had been discontinued for cost reasons in 1943. On the advice of Army supply officers in Washington, General Stilwell and his G-4 staff determined that a one-per-day issuance of the U.S. Army's 2,830 calorie K ration (one K ration = three meals) would be sufficient to maintain the Marauders in the field. While compact, the K ration not only had fewer calories but less bulk, and included some components so unappetizing as to be thrown away by many users. On the advice of British General Orde Wingate, the force was divided into two self-contained combat teams per battalion. In February 1944, in an offensive designed to disrupt Japanese offensive operations, three battalions in six combat teams (coded Red, White, Blue, Khaki, Green, and Orange) marched into Burma. On 24 February, the force began a 1000-mile march over the Patkai range and into the Burmese jungle behind Japanese lines. A total of 2,750 Marauders entered Burma; the remaining 247 men remained in India as headquarters and support personnel. While in Burma, the Marauders were usually outnumbered by Japanese troops from the 18th division, but always inflicted many more casualties than they suffered. Led by Kachin scouts, and using mobility and surprise, the Marauders harassed supply and communication lines, shot up patrols, and assaulted Japanese rear areas, in one case cutting off the Japanese rearguard at Maingkwan. Near Walawbum, a town believed by General Stilwell's NCAC staff to be lightly held, the 3rd Battalion killed some 400–500 enemy soldiers. The Japanese were continually surprised by the heavy, accurate volume of fire they received when attacking Marauder positions. Its combat-experienced officers had carefully integrated light mortar and machine gun fires, and virtually every man was armed with a self-loading or automatic weapon in which he had trained to a high level of marksmanship. In March they severed Japanese supply lines in the Hukawng Valley. Informed by the British that the situation in Imphal was under control, Stilwell wanted to launch a final assault to capture the Japanese airfield at Myitkyina. Always guarded against the potential for interference by the British, General Stilwell did not coordinate his plans with Admiral Mountbatten, instead transmitting separate orders to his Chinese forces and the Marauders. The men took a brief rest at Shikau Gau, a jungle village clearing where they bartered with the native inhabitants for fresh eggs and chickens with an issue of 10-in-one and C rations. The Marauders also took the opportunity to sunbathe in an attempt to control the onset of various fungal skin diseases. Now down to a little over 2,200 officers and men, the 5307th began a series of battles on the march to Myitkyina. In April, the Marauders were ordered by General Stilwell to take up a blocking position at Nhpum Ga and hold it against Japanese attacks, a conventional defensive action for which the unit had not been equipped. At times surrounded, the Marauders coordinated their own battalions in mutual support to break the siege after a series of fierce assaults by Japanese forces. At Nhpum Ga, the Marauders killed 400 Japanese soldiers, while suffering 57 killed in action, 302 wounded, and 379 incapacitated due to illness and exhaustion. Of the unit's 200 mules, 75 were killed by artillery and mortar fire. A concurrent outbreak of amoebic dysentery (contracted after linking up with Chinese forces) further reduced their effective strength.

WWII US AVG SILK BLOOD CHIT CHINA TASK FORCE WW2

Lot #168 (Sale Order 224 of 952)

Original WWII China, Burma, India "CBI" Leather Blood Chit. These were provided to Air Crews to Identify them as shot down & help would be re-payed in Gold. The "CHIT" measures 11 1/4" by 8 1/2" and being made of silk and made of multi piece construction that is completely sewn with no printing. More detail and insight of "BloodChits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US NUMBERED BOOD CHIT CHINA TASK FORCE WW2

Lot #169 (Sale Order 225 of 952)

Original WWII US Six language numbered blood chit with the following languages Burmese Thai Chinese Kachin Lisu Hindustani Urdu. Measuring 9 3/4 X 10 inches and is printed on a gauze material in excellent condition. More detail and insight of "BloodChits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #170 (Sale Order 226 of 952)

Original WWII US consecutive numbered 14th Air Force Blood Chits lot of two. The first chit is numbered W 17912 and the other is W 17913. Both are in mint condition measuring 8 X 10 inches and made of Rayon and completely original to WWII More detail and insight of "BloodChits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #171 (Sale Order 227 of 952)

Original WWII US consecutive numbered 14th Air Force Blood Chits lot of three. The first chit is numbered W 95727, W 95728 and finally W 95729. All are in mint condition measuring 8 X 10 inches and made of Rayon and completely original to WWII More detail and insight of "BloodChits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #172 (Sale Order 228 of 952)

Original WWII US consecutive numbered American flag 14th Air force five language Blood Chits lot of two. The chits are in the following languages BURMESE CHINESE SGAW KAREN S. SHAN W. SHAN. The first chit is numbered 28186 and 28187. All are in mint condition measuring 9 1/2 X 10 inches and made of Rayon and completely original to WWII More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #173 (Sale Order 229 of 952)

Original WWII US consecutive numbered American flag 14th Air force five language Blood Chits lot of two. The chits are in the following languages BURMESE CHINESE SGAW KAREN S. SHAN W. SHAN. The first chit is numbered 28188 and 28189. All are in mint condition measuring 9 1/2 X 10 inches and made of Rayon and completely original to WWII More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII AMERICAN FLAG 7 LANGUAGE BLOOD CHIT LOT OF 2

Lot #174 (Sale Order 230 of 952)

Original WWII US numbered American flag 14th Air force seven language Blood Chits lot of two. The chits are in the following languages FRENCH ANNAMESE THAI CHINESE KOREAN JAPANESE LAO. The first chit is numbered 88512 and 88515. All are in mint condition measuring 9 1/2 X 12 inches and made of Rayon and completely original to WWII More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US 30TH DIVISION M1 COMBAT LINER PLUS 1 WW2

Lot #174a (Sale Order 231 of 952)

WWII US Army pair of M1 Combat helmet liners to include 1) Painted 30th Infantry Division marked liner by Firestone. Combat chronicle After training in the United States for just over two years, the 30th Infantry Division, under the command of Major General Leland Hobbs, arrived in England, 22 February 1944, and trained for the Allied invasion of Normandy until June. It landed at Omaha Beach, Normandy, on 11 June 1944, five days after the initial D-Day landings of 6 June 1944, secured the Vire-et-Taute Canal, crossed the Vire River on 7 July.[6] Beginning on 25 July, the 30th Division spearheaded the Saint-Lô break-through of Operation Cobra, which was intended to break out of the Normandy beachhead, thus ending the stalemate that had occurred. During the operation, on both 24 and 25 July, the 30th Division encountered a devastating friendly fire incident. As part of the effort to break out of the Normandy hedgerows, US Army Air Force (USAAF) bombers from England were sent to carpet bomb a one-by-three-mile corridor of the German defenses opposite the American line. However, USAAF planners, in complete disregard or lack of understanding of their role in supporting the ground attack, loaded the heavy B-24 Liberator and B-17 Flying Fortress bombers with 500-pound bombs, destroying roads and bridges and complicating movement through the corridor, instead of lighter 100-pound bombs intended as antipersonnel devices against German defenders. Air planners switched the approach of attack by 90 degrees without informing ground commanders, thus a landmark road to guide the bombers to the bombing zone was miscommunicated as the point to begin the bombing run. Start point confusion was further compounded by red smoke signals that suddenly blew in the wrong direction, and bombs began falling on the heads of the American soldiers. There were over 100 friendly fire casualties over the two days, including Lieutenant General Lesley J. McNair, commander of Army Ground Forces. The division relieved the veteran 1st Infantry Division near Mortain on 6 August.[7] The German drive to Avranches began shortly after. The 30th Division clashed with the elite 1st SS Panzer Division, and fierce fighting in place with all available personnel broke out. The division frustrated enemy plans and broke the spearhead of the enemy assault in a violent struggle from 7–12 August. After the liberation of Paris, the division drove east through Belgium, crossing the Meuse River at Visé and Liège on 10 September. Elements of the division entered the Netherlands on 12 September, and Maastricht fell the next day. Moving into Germany and taking up positions along the Wurm River, the 30th Division launched its attack on the heavily defended city of Aachen on 2 October 1944, and succeeded in contacting the 1st Division on 16 October, resulting in the encirclement and takeover of Aachen. After a rest period, the 30th Division eliminated an enemy salient northeast of Aachen on 16 November, pushed through Alsdorf to the Inde River on 28 November, and then moved to rest areas. On 17 December the division rushed south to the Malmedy-Stavelot area to help block the powerful enemy drive in the Battle of the Bulge—the Germans's last attempt to win a decisive victory over the Western Allies. Again the division met the 1st SS Division, and again broke the spearhead of their assault. The 30th Division launched a counterattack on 13 January 1945 and reached a point 2 miles south of St. Vith, Belgium on 26 January, before leaving the battle and moving to an assembly area near Lierneux on 27 January, and to another near Aachen to prepare for attack deeper into the western edge of Germany at the Roer River. The Roer was crossed on 23 February 1945, near Jülich. The 30th moved back for training and rehabilitation on 3 March, and on 24 March made its assault crossing of the Rhine. It pursued the enemy across Germany, mopping up enemy pockets of resistance, took Hamelin on 7 April, Braunschweig on 12 April, and helped to reduce Magdeburg on 17 April. The Russians were contacted at Grunewald on the Elbe River. The end of World War II in Europe came soon afterwards and, after a short occupation period, the 30th Division began its return to the United States, arriving on 19 August 1945. The surrender of Japan followed soon, which brought the war to an end. 2) CAPAC liner with leather sweatband in good condition.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #175 (Sale Order 232 of 952)

Original WWII US numbered American flag 14th Air force five language Blood Chit. The chit is numbered 8346 and is made of silk with a linen backing measuring 9 3/4 X 9 inches. More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #176 (Sale Order 233 of 952)

Original WWII US numbered American flag 14th Air force five language Blood Chit. The chit is numbered 9168 and is made of silk with a linen backing measuring 9 3/4 X 9 inches. More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen.

WWII US AIR TRANSPORT COMMAND ATC GROUPING WW2

Lot #177 (Sale Order 234 of 952)

WWII Air Transport Command grouping consist of a 1) Manual that reads "Confidential Manual Instrument Letdown Procedures India Burma China Compiled By Navigation And Briefing Section India China Division Air Transport Command -NOTICE- This document contains information affecting the national defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage act, 50, U.S.C.,31 & 32, as amended. It's transmission or the revelation of its contents in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. It will be stored and handled in such a manner as to insure a reasonable degree of security. When rescinded or superseded, it will be destroyed by burning in the presence of the person responsible for its security. CONFIDENTIAL" Manual measures 7 1/2 X 9 1/2 2) Leather Air Transport Command squadron patch measuring 5 inches wide and in excellent condition. 3) Two WWII Air Transport Command Army Air Corps patches. 4) Bullion Air Transport Command patch DI. The Beginning After the bombing of Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the United States was suddenly involved in two major wars, one in the Pacific against Japan and the other in Europe against Germany. Troops were deployed overseas, and combat air forces were formed and located in strategic areas of the world. Major Challenges To support the overseas forces and U.S. allies, a military air transport system was needed. The major airlines helped with the organization, and the aircraft manufacturers came through with the planes needed for the difficult missions. Worldwide Organization To meet the airlift requirements in these large areas, the Air Transport Command (ATC) was divided into nine wings (or in 1944, divisions) and were assigned geographical sectors. Each division was responsible for the movement of supplies, equipment, and key personnel within its sector and coordinated its activities with other divisions to provide a worldwide delivery system. The Navy provided a similar operation to its forces with the much smaller Naval Air Transport Service (NATS). This report focuses on the activities of ATC. Principal Aircraft The Douglas C-47, a conversion of the successful commercial DC-3 airliner, proved to be a mainstay in all theaters of operation. Its mission was enhanced by the Curtiss C-46 which had twice the carrying capacity of the C-47. For the long over-water flights, B-24 bombers were modified as cargo planes and designated C-87s. The premier long-range plane, originally to be a Douglas DC-4 commercial airliner, became the C-54. Europe, Africa, and the Middle East Theaters North African Campaign and the Middle East The oldest of the air routes under ATC jurisdiction (and throughout 1942 the most important) reached from Florida, south to Natal, Brazil, then across the South Atlantic to Africa and the Middle East. It provided a lend-lease supply line to British forces fighting in the Near East. The battle lasted from 10 June 1940 until the German surrender on 13 May 1943. After the U.S. entry into the war on 7 December 1941, ATC participated in the North African Campaign, called Operation Torch, by bringing supplies to U.S. forces as well. It also supported Fifteenth, Twelfth, and Ninth Air Forces operating from locations along the Mediterranean coast and Cairo, Egypt. Transport aircraft often stopped at Ascension Island in the South Atlantic on the flight from Natal, Brazil; to Accra, Ghana; or Kano, Nigeria. Eastbound flights continued through Central Africa to Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, and to India to link up with the China-Burma-India Division. After Lagens Field (now known as Lajes) in the Azores was opened in late 1943, flights went from the U.S. east coast via Newfoundland and the Azores to Casablanca, French Morocco, and then across North Africa to Egypt, Iran, and India. This new route to India was much shorter than the 14,000-mile flights from Florida across the South Atlantic. European Campaign One of the difficulties ATC had was the winter weather over the North Atlantic. Until Lagens Field in the Azores was opened in late 1943, eastbound operations over the North Atlantic ceased because of very high winds and other adverse conditions. When the field became operational, all eastbound flights resumed, and by March of 1944 most transport flying between the United States and Great Britain or North Africa went by way of the Azores. Bermuda was used as a weather alternate to Newfoundland. When able, flights to Prestwick, Scotland, continued to be flown via Labrador and Iceland. Through the winter of 1943-44, ATC provided a sizable eastward lift for the movement of key personnel, mail, and critical cargoes to the European and Mediterranean theaters. From January 1944 the monthly lift increased from 350 tons and 785 passengers to 1,178 tons in June and 1,900 tons and 2,570 passengers by July.

WWII CHINESE SHORT SNORTER W/ US AIRMEN SIGNATURES

Lot #178 (Sale Order 235 of 952)

WWII collection of four Chinese bills possibly to be made into a short snorter and signed by members of the MARS TASK FORCE. The bills consist of two 10 dollar bills printed by the American Note Company. Both are 1928 series notes and signed by several soldiers. Third note is a 5 dollar note with two signatures, one to each side. One of the signatures says S/SGT. H. Lee 475th MARS TASK FORCE Jungle Fighter CHINA INDIA BURMA. Finally a 10 cent note also signed by several service members but in a foreign language. All bills are excellent. The 5332d Brigade (Provisional) was activated on 26 July 1944. It soon came to be known as the MARS TASK FORCE. It was designed as a Long Range Penetration Force and training, equipment and organization were all directed toward this end. The following narrative report is submitted. Staff and unit histories, and technical reports are submitted under separate cover. MARS was able to profit by the experience of Wingate’s Raiders and Merrill’s Marauders in Burma jungle operations. The leaven of veteran jungle fighters was mixed with the freshness of volunteers and the assignment of the 124th Cavalry Regiment. A triangular plan was envisioned and in many ways MARS TASK FORCE was truly a Division, consisting of the 475th Infantry, 124th Cavalry (Sp.) and 1st Chinese Regiment. The Cavalry Regiment had a long history of mounted Cavalry and was converted by MARS to Cavalry dismounted, with the functions and employment of an Infantry Regiment. The 475th Infantry was organized by MARS and given official status as a numbered Infantry Regiment by the War Dept. The Brigade itself was organized as a Provisional Unit. At no time was Brigade permitted to employ the 1st Chinese Regiment in any tactical operations. To have been able to use this regiment would have increased the striking power of the Brigade considerably. Although the Namhpakka-Hosi Campaign is considered highly successful, another regiment would have permitted the use of either the 475th Infantry or the 124th Cavalry to swing southward or eastward in a Brigade encroachment of the enemy. It was impossible to do so under the circumstances, for to use one or two Battalion Combat Teams for this purpose would have jeopardized not only such a small striking force but also the holding force. The series of commanding terrain features were such that they had been left open by any Battalion Combat Team it would have been an open invitation to the Japs to surround and destroy the Brigade piecemeal. The 1st Chinese Regiment, later attached to the 50th Division, and committed, demonstrated its ability, and climaxed its campaign by securing Kyaukme and linking with the 36th Division (British). This closed an East-West line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Monglong - Mogok. The British were thus placed in a position to join with the forces of the 14th Army, to establish the line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Maymyo - Mandalay, to terminate the conquest of Northern and North Central Burma. The Brigade component committed in the Tonkwa-Mo Hlaing sector (475th Infantry) broke Jap opposition in that area and permitted the 50th Division to move in and occupy the area, thence to move Southward to play its part in establishing the line mentioned above. Upon completion of the action at Tonkwa, the Brigade turned to the East and thrust deep into enemy territory to strike the Namhkam-Lashio Burma Road axis, at Namhpakka. The swiftness of movement gained surprise, and the viciousness of attack removed the keystone of the sector. The blow inflicted by MARS at this point caused the enemy to withdraw rapidly below Lashio and allowed the New First Army (Chinese) to move almost unopposed south of Lashio, screening against counter-attack and forcing the enemy a safe distance from the Stilwell Road. Brigade was held in the Namhpakka area to be passed through by New First Army. Hence, MARS could not further exploit its own successes. Here contact was broken, and friendly forces belatedly grasped the advantage gained, fulfilling its order in a virtual road march. The training period of MARS as a Brigade was unusually short. One year is considered the normal training period for a division. Further, all of the Brigade Infantry units, as noticed before, had to be organized (475th Infantry) or converted (124th Cavalry, 1st Chinese Regiment, Sept.) Throughout tactical operations, the 612th Field Artillery Battalion (Pack) and the 613th FA Bn (Pk) acquitted themselves with distinction. This was accomplished with the sole aid of 75mm Pack Artillery, constantly opposed by much heavier and longer range enemy weapons (105 and 150mm). The basic intention of Field Artillery - to displace enemy artillery from hostile fire positions against our forces - could not be accomplished by range and striking power.

WWII ESCAPE AND EVASION KIT MAPS COMPASS MIRROR

Lot #179 (Sale Order 236 of 952)

WWII Army Air Corps double sided survival silk maps No. C-52 JAPAN AND SOUTH CHINA SEAS to one side and C-53 EAST CHINA SEA to the other. On the second map is the coastal tides of the same area. C-52 JAPAN AND SOUTH CHINA SEAS to one side and C-53 EAST CHINA SEA to the other. There is also a survival mirror and compass all housed in a period plastic cover.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 14th AIR FORCE BLOOD CHIT

Lot #180 (Sale Order 237 of 952)

Original WWII US numbered American flag 14th Air force sixteen language Blood Chit. The languages are as followed FRENCH TAMIL SUMATRA THAI SHAN 7 N. THAI W. SHANJ JAWL CHINESE HAKA CHIN CEBUANO MAYAY LAIZO CHIN BENGALI ANNAMITE KAREN BURMESE along with an English translation of what the chit says. "I am an Allied fighter, I did not come here to do any harm to you who are my friends. I only want to do harm to the Japanese and chase them away from this country as quickly as possible. If you will assist me, my Government will sufficiently reward you when the Japanese are driven away." The chit measures 12 X 17 1/2 and made of rayon or silk and in near mint condition. More detail and insight of "Blood Chits".... Lt. Gen. Claire L. Chennault’s Flying Tigers, having cloth patches depicting the Chinese flag and some Chinese lettering sewn onto the back sides of their flight suits and A-2 jackets? Those pieces of fabric were known as rescue patches, later called “blood chits.” They identified the wearers as Americans helping China fight the Japanese and requested the Chinese people to assist them. They represented a pass to safety for those who crashed or bailed out in areas occupied by the enemy. Blood chits were not only cloth patches. They also were cards or sometimes letters with a promise of reward directed to anyone who would assist a downed flier. In the early days of World War II, the British routinely issued blood chits to their aircrews, including several types in 1940 to fliers in Ethiopia. When the US entered the war, the American air services adopted the practice and they were eventually issued in all theaters of combat operations by all the western Allies. Blood chits were duly honored and the helpers were rewarded with money or gifts. Later, chits were printed in nearly 50 languages, including many European, North African, and Asian tongues. Not all of them contained the same statements, but all were bona fide government IOUs promising to reward those who assisted Allied airmen. History World War II 1st American Volunteer group With the United States entry into World War II against the Empire of Japan in December 1941, Claire Chennault, the commander of the American Volunteer Group (AVG) (known as the Flying Tigers) of the Chinese Air Force was called to Chungking, China, on 29 March 1942, for a conference to decide the fate of the AVG. Present at the conference were Chiang Kai-shek; his wife, Madame Chiang Kai-shek; Lt. Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, commander of all U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater; and Colonel Clayton L. Bissell, who had arrived in early March. Bissell was General Henry H. 'Hap' Arnold's choice to command the USAAF's proposed combat organization in China. As early as 30 December 1941, the U.S. War Department in Washington, D.C., had authorized the induction of the Flying Tigers into the U.S. Army Air Forces (USAAF). Chennault was opposed to inducting the Flying Tigers into the Army. Stilwell and Bissell made it clear to both Chennault and Chiang that unless the AVG became part of the U.S. Army Air Force, its supplies would be cut off. Chennault agreed to return to active duty but he made it clear to Stilwell that his men would have to speak for themselves. Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to induction of the AVG into the USAAF, after Stilwell promised that the fighter group absorbing the induction would remain in China with Chennault in command. With the situation in Burma rapidly deteriorating, Stilwell and Bissell wanted the AVG dissolved by 30 April 1942. Chennault, wanting to keep the Flying Tigers going as long as possible, proposed the group disband on 4 July, when the AVG's contracts with the Nationalist Chinese government expired. Stilwell and Bissell accepted. China Air Task Force Chennault was recalled to active duty in the USAAF on 15 April 1942 in the grade of Major General. Chennault was told that he would have to be satisfied with command a China Air Task Force of fighters and bombers as part of the Tenth Air Force. Its mission was to defend the aerial supply operation over the Himalayan mountains between India and China – nicknamed the Hump – and to provide air support for Chinese ground forces. Bissell had been promoted to brigadier general with one day's seniority to Chennault in order to command all American air units in China as Stillwell's Air Commander (in August 1942 he became commanding general of the Tenth Air Force). Friction developed when Chennault and the Chinese government were disturbed by the possibility that Chennault would no longer control combat operations in China. However, when Tenth Air Force commanding general Lewis Brereton was transferred to Egypt on 26 June, Stillwell used the occasion to issue an announcement that Chennault would continue to command all air operations in China.

WW2 US ARMY AIR CORPS POINTIE TALKIE BOOKLET 4 & 6

Lot #181 (Sale Order 238 of 952)

RARE WWII US Army Air Corps booklets to include 1) C.B.I. POINTIE TALKIE Number 4. United States Government. Paperback. Condition: NEAR MINT. Edition No. 4. United States Government 190 pp. A pocket-sized phrase book for downed airmen with a large section in Chinese and smaller sections in Burmese, French, Annamese, Thai, Shan Lolo and Lao. Text is clean, tight and unmarked. Buff stiff paper covers in near mint to mint. No publication info but circa 1942-1945. Size: 4" x 5". Edition No. 4. 2) POINTIE TALKIE No. 6. This is the rarest of all of the World War II United States Army Air Forces "e; Pointie-Talkie; Booklets: No. 6 for escaped evasion in Russia. It was printed up late in WWII for use by Air Crews that might land in Russia territory during attacks in Japan. Nagasaki and Hiroshima saw to it that this version of the Pointie-Talkie saw little use and is also near mint.

WWII RAF NIGHT GUNNERY SIMULATOR GOGGLES IN BOX

Lot #182 (Sale Order 239 of 952)

Issued for the training of pilots and air defense artilleryman, these night gunnery simulator goggles come with two filter windows. Fitted with red lenses, the rubber goggles with gray elastic strap are still in the original Aviation Ministry box and come with additional lenses, still packaged. The box also contains the original British property tags. Near Mint condition with one corner of the box torn and some wear to the cover.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS PILOT UNIFORM THEATER MADE

Lot #183 (Sale Order 240 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps pilot uniform of Major Cecil P. Young. Tunic has stunning insignia in bullion thread. Tunic is a 39L and has a beautiful AAC shoulder patch in bullion thread. To each shoulder are two gold major oak leaves also in bullion thread. To the collar are standard US and wing and prop devices all in bullion thread. Finally to the chest is a stellar set of three inch bullion pilot wings and underneath the set of wings is a Mexican Border and a Winged Victory medal bar. The most unusual particular thing about this uniform is to the interior of the coat, it is autographed by Ensign George Gay of VT-8 of the Battle of Midway fame. In the top pocket of the jacket is a cut order from Lt. Cecil Young when he was in WW1 while serving in the 90th Aero Squadron along with a photo of his with his son taken in the 1940's. In the photograph he is wearing the same ribbon bar configuration. Like millions of Americans at the time, Gay chose to sign up for the coming war, leaving Texas A&M University. He tried to join the Army Air Corps as a pilot but was rejected for medical reasons. He then tried the United States Navy in early 1941. Gay completed flight training and was commissioned as an ensign in September 1941. He joined the newly formed Torpedo Squadron 8 under Lieutenant Commander John Charles Waldron. He and his unit were aboard the aircraft carrier USS Hornet in April 1942 when Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittle launched his raid on Tokyo. One week later, Hornet arrived at Pearl Harbor to join USS Enterprise as part of Task Force 16 during the Battle of Midway. During the Battle of Midway, Gay was the first of his squadron to take off from Hornet on June 4, 1942. Gay's unit found the Japanese carrier fleet and launched an attack without any fighter plane support. Although he was wounded and his radioman/gunner, Robert K. Huntington, was dying, Gay completed his torpedo attack on the Japanese aircraft carrier Soryu, but Soryu evaded his torpedo. Rather than banking away from the ship and presenting a larger target to its anti-aircraft gunners, Gay continued in toward the carrier at low altitude. He then brought his Devastator into a tight turn as he approached the carrier's island, and flew aft along the flight deck's length, thus evading anti-aircraft fire. He later stated he had a "split second" thought of crashing into the Japanese aircraft he saw being serviced on the flight deck. It's when a fellow is just gone and knows it, it is just crash into the ship or crash into the sea, and you have enough control to do a little bit more damage, why you crash into the ship. —?George H. Gay With his aircraft still in relatively good condition, he decided to make for Hornet after clearing the Japanese carrier. However, five Mitsubishi A6M Zeros brought his aircraft down in a hail of machine gun and cannon fire, killing his rear gunner, ARM3c George Arthur Field. Exiting his aircraft, and floating in the ocean, he hid under his seat cushion for hours to avoid Japanese strafing attacks and witnessed the subsequent dive bombing attacks and sinking of three of the four Japanese aircraft carriers present. After dark, Gay felt it was safe to inflate his life raft. He was rescued by a Navy Consolidated PBY Catalina after spending over 30 hours in the water. Gay was later flown to USS Vincennes (arriving June 28, 1942), before being transferred home. Of the squadron's thirty pilots and radiomen, Gay was the only survivor. Gay later met with Admiral Nimitz and confirmed the destruction of three Japanese carriers he had witnessed – Akagi, Kaga and Soryu. He was featured in the August 31, 1942 issue of Life magazine. Following Midway, Gay took part in the Guadalcanal Campaign with Torpedo Squadron 11, and later became a Navy flight instructor. He was awarded the Navy Cross, Purple Heart and Presidential Unit Citation for his actions in combat at Midway and was later awarded an Air Medal.

WWII US PATRIOTIC BANNER W/ UNCLE SAM

Lot #184 (Sale Order 241 of 952)

Large banner measuring 35 X 43 inches excluding gold fringe with a patriotic theme with Uncle Sam with the text \"WELCOME HOME WE ARE PROUD OF YOU \" The red, white and blue banner is made of cotton and has an image of Uncle Sam with his hands open welcoming home the boys home from the War. Excellent

WWII US PATRIOTIC BANNER W/ UNCLE SAM

Lot #185 (Sale Order 242 of 952)

Large banner measuring 35 X 43 inches excluding gold fringe with a patriotic theme with Uncle Sam with the text \"WELCOME HOME WE ARE PROUD OF YOU \" The red, white and blue banner is made of cotton and has an image of Uncle Sam with his hands open welcoming home the boys home from the War. Excellent

WWII USMC MARINE HBT M41 COMBAT PANTS SIZE 30X30

Lot #186 (Sale Order 243 of 952)

WW2 USMC MARINE M41 HBT PANTS SIZE 32X30. PANTS HAVE THE 5 BRASS US MARINE CORPS BUTTONS CLOSER FRONT. NO RIPS, WITH A COUPLE OF MINOR TEARS. OVERALL EXCELLENT CONDITION

WWII USMC MARINE HBT M41 COMBAT PANTS SIZE MINT

Lot #187 (Sale Order 244 of 952)

Original 1944 WWII USMC NOS P-41 HBT Combat Trousers, Size 32x30 **MINT** These FLAWLESS trousers are New Old Stock and in **MINT** condition. Marked size "32", my measurements are 32" waist and 30" inseam.

WWII USCM HBT P-41 FIELD JACKET SHIRT WW2 40R

Lot #188 (Sale Order 245 of 952)

A herring bone twill tunic featuring one breast pocket with the USMC ink stamped with its’ iconic symbol of an eagle atop a globe with an anchor to its side. Three of the four copper metal buttons to the front with "U.S. Marine Corps." to the perimeter of each button. The chest measures approximately 40". Shows period use and wear but overall intact and in usable condition.

WWII U.S.N. M.D. US NAVY FIELD MEDICAL KIT WW2

Lot #189 (Sale Order 246 of 952)

Original era manufacture. US Navy Medical Department, Surgeons pocket field case, complete with 11 original instruments including a sterling marked bullet probe. In a side pocket are two packets of surgeon's needles, and surgeon's silk. Khaki canvas case with stenciled markings to the cover. Made by George Tieman & Co of New York. MINT

WWII NAMED US 8TH & 9TH AIR FORCE JACKET W/ WINGS

Lot #189a (Sale Order 247 of 952)

WWII named US Army Air Corps tunic size 38R. Jacket is named to Sgt. Kingsford Basse B3515. The tunic has a pair of lovely theater made Air Crew wings along with a ribbon bar the bears the Purple Heart, Air Medal and the European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal. On the wearers left sleeve is a beautiful 9th Air Force shoulder sleeve insignia, Sergeant Chevron along with 5 gold overseas stripes and a enlistment stipe. On the right sleeve is a stubby theater made 8th Air Force shoulder sleeve patch, Sergeant Chevron and a theater made Armament Specialist Sleeve patch. Tunic is in excellent condition.

WW1 PRINTS AUSTRIAN MILITARY MERIT CROSS MEDALS

Lot #190 (Sale Order 248 of 952)

Three WW1 Austria-Hungary colored art prints of all grades of the Military Merit Cross. Each framed print measures 14 1/2 X 11 inches and are archival mounted. Excellent History The Military Merit Cross was established on October 22, 1849 by Emperor Franz Joseph I, based on the recommendation of Field Marshal Count Radetzky. It was to be awarded to officers who had performed especially praiseworthy service before the enemy in wartime, or outstanding service in peacetime, and was originally established in only one class. The first awards were made to all officers who had served under Count Radetzky in the Italian campaigns of 1848-49, especially the Battle of Custoza in 1848 and the Battle of Novara in 1849. Just under 1,500 awards were made in 1849 and 1850, mainly to these officers. After this, the Military Merit Cross was awarded sparingly except during the Austro-Sardinian War of 1859, the German-Danish War of 1864, the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 (when Austria occupied Bosnia-Herzegovina), and the Boxer Rebellion. The first major revision of the Military Merit Cross came on January 12, 1860, when the War Decoration (Kriegsdekoration) was created. This was a green laurel wreath (Lorbeerkranz) between the arms of the cross, which was awarded for special deeds before the enemy ("für besondere Taten vor dem Feind"). Henceforth (and retroactively), wartime awards would be distinguished from peacetime awards by the presence of the wreath. The next significant change occurred on September 23, 1914, shortly after the outbreak of World War I. The Military Merit Cross was divided into three classes. The previous Military Merit Cross, a breast decoration worn on a trifold ribbon, became the 3rd Class. A neck badge was created as the 2nd Class and a pinback cross became the new 1st Class. This classification made the Military Merit Cross effectively an order, with the 3rd Class equivalent to a knight's badge, the 2nd Class equivalent to a commander's badge, and the 1st Class equivalent to the breast star of an order. A recipient of an earlier Military Merit Cross without the War Decoration, if awarded the Military Merit Cross with the War Decoration, could wear both, and a recipient of a higher class could continue to wear the lower class. The statutes allowed for all three classes to be awarded with or without the War Decoration, but given the wartime situation, most awards were with the War Decoration. Another change occurred on December 13, 1916, when swords were authorized for awards for bravery. These were crossed swords on the ribbon for the 3rd Class, and between the arms of the cross for the 1st and 2nd Class. On August 1, 1917, second and third awards of the 3rd Class were authorized, signified by one or two 6-mm wide silver clasps on the ribbon. On February 8, 1918, a second award of the 2nd Class was also authorized. Until World War I, awards to non-Austro-Hungarian officers were uncommon. A number of Saxon officers received the Military Merit Cross in the Austro-Prussian War. Two Bavarians and one Saxon were decorated for their service in the Boxer Rebellion. During World War I, awards to officers of Austria-Hungary's allies became far more common, especially to Germans serving alongside Austro-Hungarians or serving in regiments of which the Emperor was the honorary chief. From the earliest days of the decoration, the Austrian Emperor also reserved the right to make awards of the Military Merit Cross with Diamonds. This was not a special class, but a token of esteem. Most recipients were senior Austro-Hungarian generals and admirals, although a number were awarded during World War I to high-ranking allies.

WWII NAMED PILOT GROUPING w/ PARACHUTE AND GEAR

Lot #191 (Sale Order 249 of 952)

Stellar top shelf uniform grouping of a Pilot who flew B-17's and B-29s during WWII. This massive trunk grouping consist of 1) Nicely patched out officers four pocket uniform jacket with a theater made Army Air Corps Shoulder Patch and Sterling Pilot Wings. Tunic is roughly a size 38R. The uniform grouping is named to Lt. Clarence E. Hensley O-793411 and also contains his complete 201 file and well and several great black and white photos of him standing next to several airplanes including B-17's and B-29's of which he is accredited of flying in his personal file. 2) Chocolate Officer's visor Cap by Bancroft roughly a size 7 1/4 in fine condition. 3) Several Newspaper articles dealing with his unit the 25th Bombardment Squadron as well as others. 4) Type A-11 flight helmet size large with H-79/AIC receivers. complete with avionics and chinstrap. 5) Light Weight Summer AN-H15 Flying Helmet also complete with avionics. 6) AN-H-15 Flight helmet size large. 7) Type A-11 leather flight helmet also a size large with ANB-H-1 receivers complete with avionics. 8) Polaris All Purpose flight goggles that are cased. 9) .45 leather shoulder holster in excellent condition. 10) Cased set of flight goggles made in Italy. 11) Type B-8 Parachute by National Automobile and dated 1944. The harness has his name stenciled on the reverse. 12) Flight glasses that look new old stock with now wear to the frames or lenses. LINEAGE. Organized as 20th Aero Squadron On 13 Jun 1917. Redesignated 25th Aero Squadron on 22 Jun 1917. Demobilized on 17 Jun 1919. Reconstituted and consolidated (1924) with 25th Squadron which was authorized on 30 Aug 1921. Organized on 1 Oct 1921. Redesignated: 25th Bombardment Squadron on 25 Jan 1923; 25th Bombardment Squadron (Medium) on 6 Dec 1939; 25th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 20 Nov 1940; 25th Bombardment Squadron (Very Heavy) on 20 Nov 1943. Inactivated on 1 Oct 1946. ASSIGNMENTS. Unknown, 13 Jun 1917-Nov 1918; 4th Pursuit Group, Nov 1918~Apr 1919; unknown, Apr-17 Jun 1919. Second Corps Area, 1 Oct 1921; Panama Canal Department, 30 Apr 1922; 6th Observation (later Composite; Bombardment) Group, 27 May 1922; 40th Bombardment Group, 12 May 1943-1 Oct 1946. 40th Bombardment Wing, 28 May 1952-. STATIONS. Camp Kelly,TX , 13 Jun-28 Dec 1917; Ayr, Scotland, 31 Jan 1918; Marske, England, 23 Apr-7 Aug 1918; St Maxient, France, 20 Aug 1918; Romorantin, France, 29 Aug 1918; Colombey-les-Belles, France, 18 Sep 1918; Toul, France, 24 Oct 1918; Colombey-les-Belles, France, 15 Apr 1919; Le Mans, France 5-19 May 1919; Mitchel Field, NY, ~17 Jun 1919. Mitchel Field, NY, 1 Oct 1921-22 Apr 1922; France Field, CZ, 30 Apr 1922; Rio Hato, Panama, 8 Dec 1941; Salinas, Ecuador, c. 21 Jan 1942; Howard Field, CZ, 22 May-16 Jun 1943; Pratt AAF, Kan, 1 Jul 1943-12 Mar 1944; Chakulia, India, c. 11 Apr 1944-Apr 1945; West Field, Tinian, Apr-7 Nov 1945; March Field, Calif, 27 Nov 1945; Davis-Monthan Field, Ariz, c. 8 May-1 Oct 1946. Smoky Hill AFB, Kan, 28 May 1952; Forbes AFB, Kan, 20 Jun 196O~. AIRCRAFT. SE-5, 1918~1919. Unknown, 1921-1922; included NBS-1 during period 1922-1929; included LB-5, LB~6 and LB-7 during period 1928~1932; B-3, 1931-1936; B~6, 1936~1937; B-10, 1937-1939; B-18, 1938~1942; B-24, 1942-1943; LB~30, 1942-1943; B-26, 1943; B-17, 1943-1944; YB-29, 1943-1944; B-29, 1944-1946. B-29, 1953-1954; B-47, 1954-. OPERATIONS. Combat as pursuit unit with Second Army, 10~11 Nov 1918. Good-will flights to El Salvador and Nicaragua, 13-19 May 1935, to Guatemala, 8-11 Feb 1938, and to El Salvador, 1~22 Apr 1938; mercy mission to Chile following devastating earthquake, 28 Jan-13 Feb 1939. Antisubmarine patrols, Dec 1941-May 1943. Combat in CBI, 5 Jun 1944~9 Mar 1945, and Western Pacific, 5 May-14 Aug 1945. CAMPAIGNS. World War I: Meuse-Argonne. World War II: Antisubmarine, American Theater; India-Burma; Air Offensive,Japan; China Defensive; Western Pacific; Central Burma. DECORATIONS. Distinguished Unit Citations (3): Yawata, Japan, 20 Aug 1944; Japan, 5-14 May 1945; Japan, 24 Jul 1945. EMBLEM. On a disc white, outlined black, a caricatured executioner, face and hands golden yellow, suit and mask black, belt and nose red, collar white, swinging an axe with four notches in the blade, the handle red and the head steel gray, stained with red dripping blood. (Approved 15 Feb 1924 from World War I emblem.)

WWII US MARINE RAIDER V-44 GREEN HORN BOWIE KNIFE

Lot #192 (Sale Order 250 of 952)

World War II Legitimus Collins No. 18 Bowie Knife, with brass cross guard and green stag handles. These were carried in World War II famously by Marine Raiders, members of Carlson's Raiders, as well as pilots, sailors, and Marine riflemen. The marking on the blade is crisp and legible. 9.5" blade has been sharpened, and has leather sheath, approximately 14" overall in excellent condition. This knife was owned by the pilot in the previous lot. Many people think that these were exclusively used by the Marine Corps, and while that is true the connection to the USMC is only a minimal fraction of this blades history. It's principle legacy lies within the Army Air Corp or Army Air Force depending on the era you are referencing. Following the declaration of war in December 1941 emergency procurement were made to include the procurement of 9 inch machetes the Collins #18 being one manufacture. The Collins #18 would have been acquired by the AAF at this time to fill emergency requisitions to supply new contracts of the old type emergency parachute kits and to supplement other kits until the 10 inch folding machete became available.

WWII US AIRBORNE PARACHUTE FIRST AID KIT COMPLETE

Lot #193 (Sale Order 251 of 952)

Originally developed for the AAF, the Parachute First Aid Pack was widely issued to airmen, paratroopers, and assault troops. Superseding its zippered predecessor in late 1942, this disposal pouch contained basic first aid supplies. It was fabricated from hermetically sealed lightweight rubberized cloth, and could be opened via tear notches cut into the top and bottom of the packet. Two twill tapes facilitated attachment to the parachute harness or any other convenient equipment. This still seal kit contains all of it's original contents and in excellent condition still with full sized uncut straps and was owned by the pilot of the last two previous lots. Excellent

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS CRUSHER CAP & PHOTO

Lot #193a (Sale Order 252 of 952)

Size 7 WWII US Army Air Corps pilots "crusher" style officer's cap with brass eagle, brown leather brim and chinstrap, silk lining, and the initials "GFH" embossed into the leather sweatband. This cap was tailored by the Halle Bros. Co. which was a major department store in Cleveland Ohio. Comes with a small framed photo of two soldiers, one of which appears to be wearing this very hat. The photo depicts a World War II era US Army officer with Air Corps insignia on his uniform, what appears to be Navigator wings, 5 ribbon bars (likely denoting combat service in either Europe or the Pacific) and a Presidential Unit Citation. With a little determination, this set could be fully researched. The lining of the cap shows some wear and there is age to the leather. Very Good

WWII US PARACHUTE HARNESS USAAF YELLOW GROUP

Lot #194 (Sale Order 253 of 952)

AN6513-1A PARACHUTE HARNESS IN EXCELLENT CONDITION. Originally adopted in late 1942, the A-3 was designed to suspend the wearer from the shoulders and place the pack out of the way when the parachute deployed. The A-3 featured full length risers which folded neatly across the shoulder with attachment hooks at the chest. When the parachute deployed, the force of the opening shock broke the tacking, releasing the risers and bringing the empty pack several feet above the user’s head. In May 1944, harnesses received yellow chest markings to indicate the hardware combination; many were never marked. The A-3 first saw operational use in the ETO and Pacific around late 1943 and served until the end of the war. Excellent and dated 1943.

WWII ARMY AIR CORPS GLASS CIGARETTE HOLDER

Lot #194a (Sale Order 254 of 952)

Very nice two-piece glass cigarette holder with the winged propeller insignia of the Army air Corps on the inside of the lid. Measures approximately 4.25" x 2.5" x 3" Excellent

WWII USS LAWRENCE COMMEMORATIVE ASH TRAY

Lot #194b (Sale Order 255 of 952)

Silver ashtray signed on the underside "Exeter." Has two cigarette rests and reads in the center "In Commemoration of Services rendered in World War II U.S.S. Lawrence Destroyer 250 'Don't Give Up The Ship'" Measures approximately 7" x 4.5" x 1" and has very nice color and patina. The USS Lawrence (DD-250) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for James Lawrence. Lawrence was laid down 14 August 1919 and launched 10 July 1920 by New York Shipbuilding Corporation; sponsored by Miss Ruth Lawrence, and commissioned 18 April 1921, Lt. Cmdr. J. E. Wellbrook in command. After shakedown Lawrence was assigned to the Destroyer Force Atlantic Fleet. Departing Newport, Rhode Island 13 June 1922, the destroyer sailed for the Mediterranean and joined Naval Forces at Constantinople 4 July. For the next year she cruised in the eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea during the Crimean crisis. During this time of upheaval throughout the Near East and south Russia, she rendered aid to American commercial personnel, Red Cross workers, and U.S. Food Administration officials who were assisting the stricken inhabitants. Lawrence together with other American destroyers also evacuated thousands of Greek refugees from areas of Asia Minor which had been occupied by Turkish Forces. The destroyer returned to New York 30 October 1923, and resumed operations with the Scouting Fleet. She departed New York 3 January 1924 to join in Army-Navy exercises which tested the defenses and facilities of the Panama Canal. In August of that year Lawrence was stationed off Labrador during the Army around the world flight, returning to Boston, Massachusetts in September to resume operations with the Scouting Fleet. For the next 3 years she performed reserve training cruises, maneuvers along the east coast and engaged in simulated attack exercises on the Hawaiian Islands. Lawrence detached from the Scouting Fleet 11 February 1927, and sailed off the coast of Nicaragua to protect American lives and property during the Civil War then underway in that country. The destroyer departed the Nicaraguan coast 5 weeks later, and she resumed her cruising cycle with the Scouting Fleet, continuing these operations until she decommissioned at Philadelphia 6 January 1931. Lawrence recommissioned 13 June 1932, Lt. Cmdr. T. E. Downey in command, and departed Philadelphia 15 August to join the Pacific Fleet. From her arrival San Diego, California 8 September until 1938, she operated continuously with Pacific destroyer squadrons, engaging in fleet tactical and strategic exercises along the coast and fleet problems off the Panama Canal Zone and Hawaii. She decommissioned at San Diego 13 September 1938. Once again Lawrence recommissioned 26 September 1939, Cmdr. H. D. Clarke in command, and sailed 2 months later for maneuvers and patrol in the Caribbean. Following training operations, she arrived at Boston 1 March 1940, and later that month was assigned to the east coast sound school at New London, Connecticut. The destroyer conducted tactical exercises along the east coast until 3 December when she steamed for the Pacific. Arriving at San Francisco, California on the 27th, she was later assigned to the Sound School at San Diego, continuing these operations until America's declaration of war on Japan. During the early months of the war the destroyer performed convoy escort operations between San Francisco and Seattle, Washington. Lawrence departed San Francisco 13 August 1942 to escort a troop convoy en route to Kodiak, Alaska, arriving there 7 days later. For the next month the destroyer covered convoy approaches between Kodiak, Dutch Harbor, and Adak before returning to San Francisco 27 September. Based at Treasure Island, California for the rest of the war, Lawrence served on patrol and escort operations to the approaches of San Francisco Bay. On 31 May 1944, the destroyer rescued 192 men of SS Henry Bergh which had grounded on the Farallon Islands, then resumed patrol and escort operations. After the war, Lawrence departed San Francisco 28 August 1945, arriving Philadelphia 20 September. She decommissioned at Philadelphia 24 October 1945 and was sold to Boston Metal Company, Baltimore, Maryland, on 1 October 1946. Excellent

WW1 & WWII FOUR PLACE MEDAL BAR EKII 25 LONG SERV

Lot #195 (Sale Order 256 of 952)

Parade mount 1914 Iron Cross second class, Frederick August Cross 2nd Class and a Combatants Cross of Honor 1914/18, Nazi 25 Long Service medal. Complete with original pin back device.

WWII KRIEGSMARINE. MINESWEEPER UNIT 30 BADGE WW2

Lot #196 (Sale Order 257 of 952)

(Kriegsmarine Minensucher Einheitswappen). Constructed of alloy with multi-colored paint, obverse depicts a swordfish sawing through a sea mine tether, the reverse plain with a vertical pinback, unmarked, measuring 25 mm (w) x 33 mm (h), in extremely fine condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M34 PONY FUR BACKPACK COMPLETE

Lot #197 (Sale Order 258 of 952)

An olive drab canvas pack with leather and cowhide fittings, roughly 31cm wide, 39cm tall and 6cm deep, with a fold-over flap that covers its entire front. Decent fur coverage to the main flap. All the straps for attaching extra equipment are complete, as well as three interior straps. All of the of the straps, buckles and buttons are in quite good condition. The main straps have had blue cloth added to the back for extra padding and have also had a couple of extra D-rings riveted on. Maker marked and dated for 1936. Based on the earlier Prussian back pack, this model was introduced in November of 1934, with minor variations. The M39 backpack was introduced on April 18TH 1939 as a replacement for M34 backpack. The two packs were very similar, but the M34 had integral carrying straps while the M39 was designed for use with the then newly introduced Y-straps. During the war the early M34 and M39 "pony fur" backpacks were found to be too expensive and time consuming to produce which resulted in the production of a wide variety of less expensive canvas construction combat rucksacks and backpacks although both the M34 and M39 packs were manufactured through-out the war in limited quantities.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY FIELD ISSUE CUTLERY SET WW2

Lot #198 (Sale Order 259 of 952)

(Essbesteck) A field issue cutlery set, comprised of a knife, a four tine fork, and a table/soup spoon, each of which slide into the slotted handle of a can/bottle opener. Can opener, knife and spoon are all the same maker and dated for 1941. Fork is a different maker, buy also 1941 dated. An indentation is also along the side of the handle of the knife, which mates with a right-angled hook to the top of the can opener. Nice clean set.

LOT OF 2 CHILD GAS JACKETS GASJACKCHEN IN ORIGINAL

Lot #199 (Sale Order 260 of 952)

Lot of two child's gas jackets "Gasjackchen" by "Gebrauchsanweisung" Boxes have some tearing. Gear is in good condition with some staining and general wear. Jackets are made of rubberized fabric, with a window. Pressure relief valve above the window to allow air to escape. The child is supplied with fresh air by means of a bellows via a connection hose and a filter insert (rear). 2 filters included. per box

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE BELT BUCKLE LOT OF 2

Lot #200 (Sale Order 261 of 952)

Lot of two WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe buckles to include 1) 1940 pattern, die stamped, steel construction, box buckle. Features a smooth outer field with a central, embossed, high relief, horizontally oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing a domed, pebbled inner field with an embossed, second pattern, (Circa 1937/1938-1945), Luftwaffe eagle, with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, to the center. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has the brazed on buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. 2) Early, 1935 pattern, die stamped, alloy (two piece) construction box buckle, features a pebbled outer field with a central, embossed, high relief, horizontally oval laurel leaf wreath encompassing a slightly domed, pebbled inner field with an embossed, early, "droop tailed", pattern, (Circa 1935-1937/38), Luftwaffe eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, to the center. Brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs are all intact. The buckle has no visible manufacturer’s markings. Military belts and their corresponding buckles date back centuries and were initially designed for attaching swords and daggers. In 1847 a new innovative box buckle with a quick release catch and corresponding belt were introduced which resulted in a Prussian, Hauptmann Virschow, initiating a new method of carrying personal equipment with the belt and shoulder straps supporting the majority of the weight. This system, with modifications, remains in use in most of the armies in the world to this day. During the Third Reich there was a prescribed form of wear of the belt and buckle with the buckle being positioned on the right side and the corresponding buckle catch on the left side. First introduced on May 20TH 1935, the Luftwaffe EM/NCO’s belt buckle underwent minor modifications in late 1937 or early 1938 with a new pattern eagle and again in 1940 with a slight difference in construction. Of Note: Luftwaffe personnel initially utilized brown leather accoutrements but during the war the leather items were generally blackened. Also Of Note: Originally military buckles produced under government contract had the addition of a leather, (canvas web for tropical buckles), tabs which were designed to help support the ammunition pouches and prevent slippage but regulations in 1942 discontinued the tabs to preserve leather although the directive was not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY BELT BUCKLE LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #201 (Sale Order 262 of 952)

Lot of two WWII Nazi German Wehrmacht buckles to include 1) 1940 pattern, field-grey painted, stamped steel construction, combat box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht eagle with down swept wings to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott mit Uns", (God with Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse. Maker marked and dated 1940 to the leather tab. 2) 1940 pattern, stamped steel construction, combat box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht eagle with down swept wings to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has the brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. The reverse is well marked with the impressed with the manufacturer’s RODO. Military belts and their corresponding buckles date back centuries and were initially designed for attaching swords and daggers. In 1847 a new innovative box buckle with a quick release catch and corresponding belt were introduced which resulted in a Prussian, Hauptmann Virschow, initiating a new method of carrying personal equipment with the belt and shoulder straps supporting the majority of the weight. This system, with modifications, remains in use in most of the armies in the world to this day. During the Third Reich there was a prescribed form of wear of the belt and buckle with the buckle being positioned on the right side and the corresponding buckle catch on the left side. On January 24TH 1936 a new pattern EM/NCO’s belt buckle was officially introduced to replace the previously worn Weimar era Reichsheer buckle. The basic design of the Reichsheer buckle was retained with the addition of the new Wehrmacht style national eagle. This pattern buckle was worn through-out the Third Reich period with minor manufacturing variations and different colored finishes. The colored finish was determined by regulations depending on what form of uniform it was to be worn with.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HJ REICHSWEHR BELT BUCKLE LOT 2

Lot #202 (Sale Order 263 of 952)

Lot of two WWII Nazi German buckles to include 1) REICHSWEHR EM/NCO'S BELT BUCKLE. A 48mm x 62mm, die stamped, two piece, brass construction, box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed, Weimar style, national eagle with down-swept wings, to the slightly domed, smooth finished, center, encompassed by a laurel leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The laurel leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is complete with its raised catch and sliding prong bar and prongs. Unmarked. 2) HJ MEMBER'S BELT BUCKLE. The standard, stamped alloy, nickel plated brass, HJ buckle, as introduced in 1933, featuring an embossed HJ eagle and diamond to its lightly pebbled center, encompassed by a dual rope-like border within which, against a ribbed background, is the embossed Gothic script, "Blut und Ehre" (Blood and Honor). Interestingly this example is double marked to both the firms of F.W. Assmann and RZM Ges GESCH.

WWII VZ32 CZECH RE-ISSUE GERMAN POLICE HELMET

Lot #203 (Sale Order 264 of 952)

This is a rather extremely hard to find VZ32 Czech helmet that has been Nazi era re-issued to the German police. Exterior does display some wear with approx 95% of the factory paint remaining. Silver bordered police eagle decal is also retained about 95%. All three liner pads intact, pliable and padding in each one. Original drawstring in place. Chinstrap is the typical Czech style. It is complete and fully pliable. Czech manufacturing stamp in black ink clearly visible.

WWII M36 SS CHAINED SERVICE DAGGER NEAR MINT WW2

Lot #204 (Sale Order 265 of 952)

M36 service dagger features a roughly, 8 5/8", (22 cm), long, double edged, nickel/silver plated, drop forged steel construction blade with a low central ridge and a full length, including the hilt, of roughly, 13 5/8", (34.7 cm). The nickel/silver plated blade shows light to scabbard runners . The obverse of the blade has a nice, well defined, Gothic scripted, acid etched motto, "Meine Ehre Heißt Treue", (My Honor is Loyalty). The blade has no manufacturer’s markings, as is correct. The dagger comes with a cast, solid, nickel/silver, construction cross guard, pommel and tang nut and a finely grained, carved, ebony grip. The nicely shaped ebony grip has a snug fit to the cross guard and pommel fittings. The grip has a flush, inset, die stamped, nickel/silver plated, national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons and a nickel/silver plated and black enameled, runic SS button nicely fit in place. The dagger comes complete with a black anodized, magnetic, sheet metal scabbard with three, magnetic, nickel/silver fittings. The scabbard retains 98% of its original finish still with most of the lacquer. All three scabbard fittings retain both of their original, matching, small, dome headed retaining screws and the smooth, top fitting has an outwardly flared bottom edge and an integral, upward diagonally angled, chain suspension loop with a central, chain retaining cut-out. The central fitting features an embossed, scalloped lip, to both the top and bottom edges and embossed, stylized, conjoined swastika pattern to the center on a slightly textured, background field. The central fitting also has an integral, upward diagonally angled chain suspension loop with a central, chain retaining cut-out. The smooth, bottom scabbard fitting has an ovoid, ball tip to the bottom edge. The second pattern, non magnetic sheet metal suspension chain features two, six sided, rectangular links, four connecting loops and a cut-out, square link to the top section and four, six sided, rectangular links and five connecting loops to bottom section. The attachment links feature alternating, embossed skulls and crossbones and dual SS runes, with the top section having the skull closest to the cloverleaf and the runes closet to the scabbard while the bottom section is reversed with the dual SS runes closest to the cloverleaf and the skull and crossbones closest to the scabbard. All six links have smooth, raised, outer edges and a slightly textured background field. Both the top and bottom chains connect to a Celtic swirl "cloverleaf" design at the top edge with a soldered friction clip to the reverse. The Celtic cloverleaf has a central recessed line and three of the four circular interiors are cut-out with the top one being solid. The reverse of the second, top chain link, closest to scabbard, is well marked with the shallow, stamped, overlapping SS runes with an octagonal outer border. Shows minimal age, use and period wear, but overall near mint condition. Comes with an appraisal from militaria dealer Bill Shea evaluating the dagger and appraising the piece at 8295.00. The Allgemeine-SS, (General-SS), was originally formed in May 1923 as the Stosstrupp Adolf Hitler (Shock Troops, Adolf Hitler), and re-designated Schutz Staffel, (Protection Squad), in April 1925 with the official acceptance of the name verified on the second anniversary of the failed Munich "Beer-Hall" Putsch on November 9TH 1925. On January 6TH 1929 Heinrich Himmler was appointed as Reichsführer-SS, (National Leader of the SS), and on July 20TH 1934 shortly after the, June 30TH 1934, purge of the SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), on the "Night of the Long Knives", the SS was rewarded by Hitler by being granted the status of an independent organization under direct control of the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party). The first dagger exclusively for SS personnel was the SS M33 service dagger which was introduced on December 15TH 1933 for wear by all, full, SS members, regardless of rank. The dagger was intended as an ornamental item and the design was based on the traditional 16TH century Swiss "Holbein" hunting dagger as was being utilized for the SA personnel’s dagger with a different coloration and insignia. The daggers were bestowed annually to newly accepted SS members at 10:00pm on the anniversary of the unsuccessful Beer Hall Putsch, (November 9TH), in front of the Feldherrnhalle, (Hall of Generals/Heros), in Munich. Originally the daggers featured an anodized scabbard and utilized nice quality, solid, nickel/silver fittings until roughly early 1937 when the scabbards began to have a painted finish and cheaper, nickel/silver plated fittings replaced the earlier, solid, nickel/silver fittings in 1938.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #205 (Sale Order 266 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 10 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M40 LUFTWAFFE COMBAT HELMET Q66

Lot #205a (Sale Order 267 of 952)

The stamped, sheet steel construction M40 helmet retains about a good portion of its slightly rough textured, Luftwaffe blue/gray paint. The left side of the helmet has a second pattern, (circa 1936/1937-1945), Luftwaffe eagle decal which is retained about 95%. All three of the liner retaining rivets are intact. The interior of the helmet has a complete M31 leather liner with all eight fingers and the original tie string intact. The reverse, interior, neck guard apron has a stamped is serial/lot number, "DN257", and the interior, left side apron is stamped with the manufacturer’s code and size "Q66", indicating manufacture by F.W. Quist, G.m.b.H. Esslingen, size 66 with a complete original chinstrap. Excellent The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934, and adopted for wear by the Luftwaffe on March 1ST 1935 along with the national tri-color shield for wear on the helmet. The first pattern national eagle was utilized until a modified second pattern eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations of June 12TH 1940 discontinued the use of the national tri-color decal and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the national eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #206 (Sale Order 268 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS / M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 10 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE FLAG WW2 KM 2 X 3.35

Lot #206a (Sale Order 269 of 952)

Second pattern, (Circa 1937/38-1945), two piece, dual sided, printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black, vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small, dual-ply, reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white, tunnel looped, cotton/rayon blend bunting for the suspension rope. Flag measures 2 X 3.35 meters. Overall excellent. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KNIGHTS CROSS CERTIFICATE FOLIO

Lot #207 (Sale Order 270 of 952)

Nazi German Knight's Cross certificate named to Helmut Naumann, dated June 2, 1941 and signed by Adolph Hitler. Major Helmut Naumann Born 12.08.1912 in Magdeburg won the Knight's Cross as Oberleutnant, Staffelkapitän 3./StukaG 3. This document is the formal award and is a textbook example on genuine parchment, hand lettered and illuminated and signed by Adolf Hitler.Excellent condition.The document still rests in its formal presentation case, hand made by Frieda Thiersch and marked by her inside. Red leather covered with a magnificent gold leaf embossed Reichs eagle on the obverse. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LAND CUSTOMS DAGGER BY HORSTER

Lot #207a (Sale Order 271 of 952)

Rare land customs dagger by E. & F. Hörster with scabbard. The bright blade on this one is in very good condition. The undented scabbard has detailed bands with the correct chased line approximately 5mm in from the front scabbard fitting edges. The fittings are all secured with headless screws. The throat is integral to the upper fitting as seen on 95% of these. The leather on the scabbard has excellent coverage and remains in beautiful condition. There are a few very small marks usually found on these from honest period wear. Rare to find original leather in great shape. This dagger also employs the textbook aluminum fittings with upswept enhanced Customs eagle wings. The unique Customs pommel with acanthus leaves is matching in tone and patina. The leathered grip is in good shape with again honest leather wear and correctly wire wrapped with springy twisted wire. The unique Customs ferule again has the correct leaf pattern. Excellent

WW2 NAZI GERMAN PANZER OFFICER FLAT WIRE CAP EAGLE

Lot #208 (Sale Order 272 of 952)

PANZER OFFICER FLAT WIRE OVERSEAS / M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF TWO. Machine woven national eagle in silver flat wire threads on a woven black rayon base. Both eagles are mint! The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M35 SINGLE DECAL WEHRMACHT HELMET

Lot #208a (Sale Order 273 of 952)

The stamped, sheet steel construction helmet retains a good portion of its original paint showing lots of wear and field usage. Eagle decal is about 85% complete. Tri-color decal has been removed in accordance to regulations. All three liner retaining rivets and both inserted ventilation bushings are all intact. The interior of the helmet has a tan, M31 leather liner with all eight of its fingers intact. Original size adjustment string is present. The interior reverse neck guard apron is lot number stamped, "3112"and is size marked 66 but the manufacturers code is impossible to read. Chinstrap is present but has been shortened. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. Originally the Third Reich national tri-color helmet decal was introduced on March 14TH 1933 for wear on the left side of the helmet to replace the Reichswehr era state shield insignia. Regulations of February 17TH 1934 introduced the Wehrmacht eagle decal and the national tri-color decal was shifted to the right side of the helmet with the Wehrmacht eagle decal positioned on the left hand side. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 dictated that the national tri-color decal was to be removed from all helmets and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the Wehrmacht eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE CAMO BREAST EAGLE WW2

Lot #209 (Sale Order 274 of 952)

WWII Nazi German EM/NCO'S Camouflage Uniform Breast Eagle Hoheitsabzeichen für Tarnungs Anzug. Machine embroidered, second pattern, (Circa 1936/1937-1945), Luftwaffe eagle, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, in silvery/gray cotton threads on a cut-out, ribbed, camouflage, green and brown cotton twill base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 90mm from wing tip to wing tip. Scarce camouflage uniform EM/NCO’s breast eagle and has been cut from the smock. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935. The original first pattern national eagle was utilized until a, slightly modified, second pattern national eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations dictated that the national eagle was to be worn on almost all headgear and on the right breast of almost all uniforms with a few minor exceptions. Officer’s ranks generally utilized hand embroidered breast eagles as opposed to the machine embroidered breast eagles as utilized by EM/NCO ranks. Of Note: Machine woven and even metal alloy national eagles were also utilized in limited quantities. Also Of Note: Officer holding ranks of Generalmajor to Generalfeldmarschall and Reichsmarschall Göring utilized gold colored accoutrements including breast eagles as opposed to the silver versions worn by all other ranks. The development of camouflage clothing and equipment had began in the German army in WWI, and continued through the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the Third Reich. The geometric splinter pattern was developed in the early 1930's and was first adopted for use with the quarter shelter/poncho in late 1931. Further developments in 1943 modified the original splinter pattern by softly blurring the distinct geometric pattern and slightly altering the coloration. This modified camouflage pattern was designated the Tan/water camouflage pattern and was once again altered in 1944 by an even stronger blurring of the distinct geometric pattern during the war. Although the Luftwaffe original utilized the army’s camouflage patterns they also developed their own camouflage patterns which were very similar with minor variations. Further camouflage pattern development continued through-out the war and additional subtly different patterns were created with the intent to equip all personnel with the same camouflage pattern but this was never achieved. The camouflage garments included field division and paratroopers jump smocks among other items.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE PARATROOPER EAGLE WW2

Lot #210 (Sale Order 275 of 952)

WWII Nazi German EM/NCO'S Camouflage Uniform Breast Eagle Hoheitsabzeichen für Tarnungs Anzug. Machine embroidered, second pattern, (Circa 1936/1937-1945), Luftwaffe eagle, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, in silvery/gray cotton threads on a cut-out, ribbed, tan flecked, green and brown cotton twill base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 90mm from wing tip to wing tip. Scarce camouflage uniform EM/NCO’s breast eagle and has been cut from the first pattern jump smock. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935. The original first pattern national eagle was utilized until a, slightly modified, second pattern national eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations dictated that the national eagle was to be worn on almost all headgear and on the right breast of almost all uniforms with a few minor exceptions. Officer’s ranks generally utilized hand embroidered breast eagles as opposed to the machine embroidered breast eagles as utilized by EM/NCO ranks. Of Note: Machine woven and even metal alloy national eagles were also utilized in limited quantities. Also Of Note: Officer holding ranks of Generalmajor to Generalfeldmarschall and Reichsmarschall Göring utilized gold colored accoutrements including breast eagles as opposed to the silver versions worn by all other ranks. The development of camouflage clothing and equipment had began in the German army in WWI, and continued through the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the Third Reich. The geometric splinter pattern was developed in the early 1930's and was first adopted for use with the quarter shelter/poncho in late 1931. Further developments in 1943 modified the original splinter pattern by softly blurring the distinct geometric pattern and slightly altering the coloration. This modified camouflage pattern was designated the Tan/water camouflage pattern and was once again altered in 1944 by an even stronger blurring of the distinct geometric pattern during the war. Although the Luftwaffe original utilized the army’s camouflage patterns they also developed their own camouflage patterns which were very similar with minor variations. Further camouflage pattern development continued through-out the war and additional subtly different patterns were created with the intent to equip all personnel with the same camouflage pattern but this was never achieved. The camouflage garments included field division and paratroopers jump smocks among other items.

NAZI WAFFEN SS Reichsführer RFSS SLEEVE DIAMOND

Lot #211 (Sale Order 276 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Persönlicher Stab Reichsführer SS RFSS Group Press and War Economy Sleeve Diamond. This ultra rare sleeve diamond is one from the series of sleeve diamonds introduced in 1942 for Fachführer and Fachunterführer, this particular one being for those serving on the personal staff of the RFSS Group Press and War Economy Persönlicher Stab Reichsführer SS Gruppe Presse und Kriegswirtschaft. The reverse of the insignia has a glue adhesive backing. The insignia is in overall excellent, unissued condition. Would be hard to upgrade.

WWII NAZI SS RACE and RESETTLEMENT SLEEVE DIAMOND

Lot #212 (Sale Order 277 of 952)

WWII Nazi German EM/NCO SS Race and Resettlement Sleeve Diamond. A vertical, black wool diamond base featuring machine embroidered, Odal rune, indicating, Race and Resettlement , in silvery/gray rayon threads. The reverse of the insignia has a glued on protective black fabric backing. The insignia is in overall excellent, unissued condition. Would be hard to upgrade.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE TROPICAL EAGLE ARTILLERY BADGE

Lot #213 (Sale Order 278 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe insignia lot to include 1) FLAK ARTILLERY PERSONNEL'S TRADE BADGE. (Flakartillerie Tätigkeitsabzeichen) Identical in design to the Luftwaffe pattern, but in yellow and blue. Badge consists of a horizontally oval, dark navy blue wool base with a machine embroidered likeness of a large 88mm flak gun barrel flanked by stylized wings, superimposed on an opened top, oak-leaf wreath with a canted swastika to the bottom center all in golden rayon threads. Excellent. 2) EM/NCO'S TROPICAL CAP EAGLE. (Mützen Adler). Machine embroidered, second pattern Luftwaffe eagle in silver/gray threads on an inverted tan cotton triangular base. Removed from a cap. Excellent. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935. The original first pattern national eagle was utilized until a, slightly modified, second pattern national eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations dictated that the national eagle was to be worn on almost all headgear and on the right breast of almost all uniforms with a few minor exceptions. Officers ranks generally utilized hand embroidered breast eagles as opposed to the machine embroidered breast eagles as utilized by EM/NCO ranks. Of Note: Machine woven and even metal alloy national eagles were also utilized in limited quantities. Also Of Note: Officers holding ranks of Generalmajor to Generalfeldmarschall and Reichsmarschall Göring utilized gold colored accoutrements including breast eagles as opposed to the silver version sworn by all other ranks. In late 1940, with the impending German entrance into the North African campaign, the army quickly developed and issued tropical uniforms and equipment in time for DAK, Deutsches Afrika Korps, (German Africa Corps), personnel’s arrival in Tripoli in February 1941. At the same time the Luftwaffe also developed and introduced their own version of the tropical uniform and insignia including a slightly different colored cap eagle.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA POLICE REICHSBAHN HEER

Lot #214 (Sale Order 279 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia to include to include 1) Reichsbahn related Motor car (Cargo and passenger traffic service) patch. Patch measures 2 1/4 inches and the most unusual thing is that the bus is green instead of yellow. This might be possible Bahnschutzpolizei related. 2) High-speed omnibus driver (Fahrer der Schnellreisewagen), public cargo truck driver (Fahrer des Lastkraftwagen für den öffentlichen Güterverkehr), public cargo truck driver assistant (Begleiter des Lastkraftwagen für den öffentlichen Güterverkehr). Correspondence of positions to a schedule of charges of German Imperial Railways for those employees was flexible. 2) SENIOR SIGNAL MECHANIC'S SLEEVE BADGE LOT OF THREE (Nachrichten Mechaniker). Machine embroidered Gothic "M" underlined with a horizontal "Blitz" lightning bolt, in golden yellow thread, on a 55mm diameter field-gray wool base. EM/NCO personnel holding the ranks of Schütze to Stabsfeldwebel inclusively who had achieved proficiency at a particular trade, specialty or function were distinguished, on successful completion of the appropriate training, by being issued a distinctive trade specialty badge that was most commonly worn on the lower right sleeve of the service tunic or field blouse with a few exceptions. The original trade badges were introduced in 1934 and were supplemented with additional badges right up to mid-1944. In all the German army utilized no fewer then twenty-eight assorted trade specialty badges. Some of the trades were only open to enlisted ranks while those open to NCO’s ranks were distinguished by the addition of a piping on the trade badge. Originally the trade badges were worked on a blue/green badge cloth base, but in early 1940 this was altered to a field-gray wool base or the appropriate color of the uniform it was to be worn on. 3) WWII BeVo German Nazi Railway " Reichsbahn " Late War Breast Eagle group of 5. (Hoheitsabzeichen) Machine woven, national breast eagle with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in pale, bright yellow/gold, rayon threads on a woven, inverted, triangular, blue/black rayon, base. Overall excellent, unissued condition with minimal age toning. 4) DRKB member's cap insignia (Mützen Abzeichen). Dating from the early 1930s, this first officially sanctioned pattern, two-piece insignia is comprised of a stamped alloy, open-topped gilt oak leaf wreath has a rope-like border, attached to its center. To the center of the ring is an off-white cloth backdrop to a woven Iron Cross against a red square. To the center of the black Iron Cross, which is edged in white, is a white circle with the black silhouette of the Kyffhäuser monument. To the reverse are the two horizontal attachment prongs for the ring, which pass through perforations to each interior side of the oak leaf wreath, and would then attach to the center of the cap band. The DRKB, "Deutscher Reichs-krieger-bund" (German National-veterans’-association), was formed during WWI, and based on the DKB originally formed in the 1870s. It was absorbed by the NS-RKB in 1938. All are excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HORST WESSEL COLLAR TAB WW2

Lot #215 (Sale Order 280 of 952)

WWII German Nazi SS Freiwilligen Panzer Grenadier Division "HORST WESSEL" Collar Tab Kragenpatte. Right hand side, unit designation, black wool construction collar tab features machine embroidered, stylized "SA" runes in silvery/gray rayon threads. The collar tab is mounted on a tan buckram backing. Mint example. Born in Bielefeld on October 9TH 1907, Horst Wessel joined the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), in 1926 and had advanced to the rank of SA-Sturmführer by May 1929. In early 1929 Wessel had penned the lyrics to an SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), propaganda marching song entitled, Die Fahn Hoch, (Raise the Flag High), set to the tune of an old folk song. Wessel submitted the song to Reichsminister Dr. Josef Goebbels’ newspaper, Der Angriff, (The Assault), for public consumption in October 1929. In early 1930 Wessel was living with a former prostitute in the slums of Berlin and was shot and mortally wounded by a rival suitor, who happened to be a communist, on January 14TH 1930. Goebbels’ seized the propaganda opportunity of Wessel’s shooting and mutated it into a politically motivated assassination attempt. In Goebbels version of events Wessel was wounded in a street brawl instigated by the communists in Berlin. Goebbels had Wessel’s song performed publicly for the first time at an NSDAP rally at the Berlin Sportplatz on February 7TH 1930 where it became an immediate success. Wessel succumbed to his wounds and died on February 23RD 1930 and was instantly hailed as a political martyr of the NSDAP. In January 1944 the SS began the formation of a new division in Croatia which would eventually become the 18.SS-Freiwilligen-Panzer-Grenadier-Division. (18TH SS Volunteer Armored Infantry Division). The division was formed around a nucleus of personnel from the 1.SS-Infanterie-Brigade (mot.), and it was intended, to fill the ranks with SA personnel, and was allotted the honor title of "Horst Wessel". Due to the bad feelings between the SS and the SA dating back to the "Night of the Long Knives" in June 1934, few SA men volunteered for service and the ranks were filled mostly by Hungarian personnel. Shortly after its formation the division was allotted a distinctive collar tab featuring the SA runes. Although period designed and manufactured it appears the collar tabs were never distributed or worn by the divisional personnel. Of Note: The NSDAP extracted its revenge on Wessel’s alleged murderer, Albrecht Höhler who was himself murdered by the SA shortly after Hitler ascended to power in 1933. Also Of Note: The title to Wessel’s song, Die Fahn Hoch, was changed after his death to, Horst Wessel Lied, (Horst Wessel Song), and became the second most popular and performed song during the Third Reich after the national anthem, Deutschland, Deutschland Über Alles.

WWII WAFFEN SS 15th GRENADIER DIVISION COLLAR TAB

Lot #216 (Sale Order 281 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Waffen SS 15th Latvian Grenadier Division EM Collar Tab. Black wool construction, 1944 pattern, right hand side, unit designation collar tab featuring a machine embroidered eleven point, sunburst pattern encompassing three stars within a semi-circular border and two downward curved stripes all in silver/gray rayon threads. The collar tab is mounted on a tan buckram backing. The Waffen-SS Grenadier-Division (lettische Nr.1), filled by Latvian volunteers and conscripts, was formed in February 1943. Because they were non-German they were not allowed to wear the SS rune collar tab. Instead they wore a blank tab until March 1943 when a swastika tab called the Latvian Fire Cross was introduced for wear.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER BREAST EAGLE LOT OF 5 WW2

Lot #217 (Sale Order 282 of 952)

PANZER EM/NCO'S M36 BREAST EAGLE LOT OF 5 (Hoheitsabzeichen). Early, M36 pattern, machine woven national breast eagle lot of 5 with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in white and gray rayon threads on a woven, black, rayon base. The eagles wingspan is roughly, 10cm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on their original black rayon factory roll. All are near mint. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Later amendments to the introductory order stipulated that the national eagle was also to be worn on all field caps, the sports uniform and the black panzer wrap tunic. The eagle came in three distinct designs with two having slightly different, out-stretched wings and the third with down-swept wings. Generally officer’s ranks utilized hand or machine embroidered breast eagles while EM/NCO’s ranks utilized machine embroidered or machine woven breast eagles. During the war the breast eagles were manufactured in a variety of slightly different manufacturing techniques and coloration's. The early standard issue EM/NCO’s M36 breast eagles were in white threads and were to be abolished in 1939 to be replaced with a less visible, gray, M39 breast eagle but the changeover was never fully completed. The early produced M36 and M39 breast eagles were mounted on a dark blue/green base while later production models were on a field-gray base. Both the M36 and the M39 breast eagles were intended for wear on the combat field blouse. Of Note: Panzer versions of the breast eagle were on a black base to match the black panzer wrap uniform.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER W/ RINGS WW2

Lot #217a (Sale Order 283 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 50 x 150 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall very nice condition. Original attachment rings are still present. Excellent Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII US 549th NIGHT FIGHTER SQUADRON LEATHER PATCH

Lot #218 (Sale Order 284 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps 549th Night Fighter Squadron Leather Patch. Insignia measures roughly 5 inches and is in excellent condition. The squadron was established on 1 April 1944 as the 549th Night Fighter Squadron at Hammer Field, California. It was part of the final group of dedicated night fighter interceptor squadrons formed by the Army Air Forces, being programmed to deploy to the Central Pacific. The squadron trained at various airfields in the San Joaquin Valley with the Douglas P-70 Havoc and YP-61 Black Widow night fighter and was ready to deploy into combat by late October. The squadron moved by train to Seattle, Washington where it boarded a troop ship bound for Honolulu in the Hawaiian Islands. Arriving after a two-week crossing, it remained at Hickam Field, until its aircraft and equipment arrived in Hawaii. At Hickam, it was assigned to Seventh Air Force, and its Northrop P-61 Black Widows were sent though the Hawaiian Air Depot to modify the aircraft for operations in the Pacific Theater. After being part of the defense forces of Hawaii for several weeks, it was deployed to East Field, Saipan in late February 1945 to provide night interceptor coverage of the new bases on Saipan and Guam for the Twentieth Air Force, which was going to use the airfields to carry out very long range strategic bombing of the Japanese Home Islands with the new B-29 Superfortress. After a month on Saipan, the squadron moved to the newly captured Central Field, on Iwo Jima in March 1945. Even after its capture, Iwo Jima remained vulnerable to long range Japanese attacks, and its mission was to defend the new American airfields being built there. A large percentage of the squadron's missions consisted of long-distance patrols over water, many of which involved interceptions of Japanese Mitsubishi G4M "Betty" bombers. Its presence, although rarely shooting down any enemy aircraft, did cause the bombers to jettison their loads and beat a hasty retreat from the area. The squadron remained assigned to Iwo Jima for the balance of the Pacific War, flying long range missions over eastern China and night interdiction missions to chi Chi Jima. It was demobilized there in early 1946, and inactivated on 5 February as an administrative unit. The squadron was reactivated briefly on 26 June 1946 as part of the 21st Fighter Group at Northwest Field on Guam. It was not manned or equipped due to personnel shortages and was inactivated again in February 1947

SA STANDARTE FELDHERRNHALLE DOUBLE DECAL HELMET

Lot #218a (Sale Order 285 of 952)

Exceedingly rare SA Standarte Feldherrnhalle Double Decal Helmet. This is a heavy square dip commercial helmet from the 1930's and has been reissued to the SA-Standarte Feldherrnhalle. The helmet still retains the original sweatband and three pad leather liner. The helmet has two separate, groups of seven, "salt & pepper" ventilation holes positioned on each side of the crown. All four of the flat headed liner retaining rivets are intact. The decals are the correct with both decals remaining roughly 90%. Excellent SA-Standarte Feldherrnhalle The SA-Standarte Feldherrnhalle was formed in 1935 and renamed Feldherrnhalle in 1936. It was the elite unit of the SA and guarded important SA, state and party offices. Its headquarters were in Berlin and battalions of the unit were stationed in Berlin, Hannover, Hattingen, Krefeld, Munich, Ruhr, Stetten and Stuttgart. It was one of the units that entered Austria in March 1938 and it was placed under the control of the Wehrmacht in September 1938. In February 1939 most of it was transferred to the Luftwaffe (where it was incorporated into the fallschirmjäger-units) and another part of it was made a part of Infanterie-Regiment 271 of 93. Infanterie-Division but it continued to exist as an SA unit during the war on a smaller scale Commanders SA-Brigadeführer Reimann Hermann Göring Order of battle I Wachsturmbann Stabschef - Güttergötz II Wachsturmbann - München III Wachsturmbann - Hattinger / Ruhr IV Wachsturmbann - Fichtenheim & Krefeld V Wachsturmbann - Stettin VI Wachsturmbann - Bad Cannstatt bei Stuttgart VII Wachsturmbann - Wien (from 1938) VIII Wachsturmbann - Lindau (from July 1941) IX Wachsturmbann - Konitz (Pommern) X Wachsturmbann - Warsaw Insignia According to an order issued in June 1937 former members of this unit could get permission to wear a special insignia, an oval patch with the Feldherrnhalle emblem on the left forearm of the SA uniform. On the left side of the helmet a special image of the Feldherrnhalle was used by the men of this unit.

WWII US AAC 422nd NIGHT FIGHTER SQUADRON PATCH WW2

Lot #219 (Sale Order 286 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps 422nd Night Fighter Squadron Patch. Insignia is in excellent condition with vibrant color and is direct embroidered on twill measuring roughly 5 1/2 inches. World War II The squadron was established on 1 August 1943 as the 422d Night Fighter Squadron at Orlando Army Air Base, Florida. The 422d was the first of the third group of dedicated night fighter squadrons trained by the Army Air Forces It initially trained with the Douglas P-70 Havoc night fighter at Orlando, although later that fall the squadron began to train with service test models of the Northrop P-61 Black Widow. In January, training was interrupted when the night fighter school was moved from Florida to Hammer Field, California. After the relocation, the squadron completed its training in March 1944. The 422d was the first night fighter squadron to be assigned to Ninth Air Force in England. RAF Charmy Down eventually would become the home of three night fighter squadrons (422d, 423d, and 424th Night Fighter Squadron), however the squadron arrived un-equipped as the P-61 Black Widows were late in arriving. Subsequently, the squadron had its aircrews posted to various Royal Air Force night fighter and signal schools for theater indoctrination. Meanwhile, as there was no sign of the P-61s. the pilots kept up their flight time on Cessna UC-78 Bobcats and de Havilland Mosquitoes. The squadron moved to RAF Scorton on 6 May. The original plan had been for all three night fighter squadrons to be on combat status with P-61s by D-Day, however the first P-61 didn't arrive until the end of May, about two weeks before the planned invasion of France. With the arrival of the German V-1 flying bombs over England after the invasion, the squadron trained with their Black Widows by intercepting the flying bombs. The first Black Widow V-1 "kill" took place on 16 July 1944, credited to pilot Herman Ernst and radar operator Edward Kopsel of the 422nd Night Fighter Squadron. One of the greatest dangers involved in killing V-1s was the possibility of getting too close to the flying bomb when one fired at it, running the risk of damage to their own plane if the bomb exploded when hit. Finally, on 25 July, a month and a half after D-Day, the squadron was considered to be operationally ready for night interception and moved up to Maupertu Airfield (A-15) in France. From Maupertu the squadron entered combat and began to perform night interception of intruding Luftwaffe bombers and night fighters. As the number of enemy night intruders was small, the squadron also performed offensive interdictionary attacks on Axis forces in France and the Low Countries 1944, moving eastward through a series of Advanced Landing Grounds until operating from captured Luftwaffe bases in Germany during the spring of 1945. The squadron ended combat operations in May 1945 and became part of the Army of Occupation until August 1945. Demobilized in Europe, aircraft flown back to the United States for storage or use with postwar All Weather Air Defense Command interceptor squadrons.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS LIAISON PILOT WINGS LGB

Lot #220 (Sale Order 287 of 952)

WWII Stunning set of a rare US Army Air Corps Liaison Pilot Wings. Badge is maker marked LGB Sterling to the reverse of the badge. A liaison pilot was a World War II United States enlisted pilot, whose wings bore an "L" in the center. They flew light single engine liaison aircraft. Included were many enlisted aviation students who washed out of pilot training after having soloed and were given the opportunity to become liaison pilots. Flight training consisted of about 60 hours of flying time and stressed such procedures as short field landings and takeoffs over obstacles, low altitude navigation, first aid, day and night reconnaissance, aerial photography, and aircraft maintenance. Unarmored and unarmed—except perhaps for a .45 pistol or .30 carbine—these men in 28 different squadrons flew low and slow with wheels, skis, or floats. They flew varied and often hazardous missions in nearly every theater—medical evacuation from forward areas; delivering munitions, blood plasma, mail, and other supplies to front lines; ferrying personnel; flying photographic or intelligence missions; serving as air observers for fighters or bombers; and other critical yet often unpublicized missions.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS LIAISON PILOT WINGS NAMED

Lot #221 (Sale Order 288 of 952)

WWII named US Liaison pilot wing by Amcraft in Sterling. Wings are in excellent condition and named to Harvey Smith on the pin as seen in the photos. Wing have a wonderful patina and have never been cleaned. A liaison pilot was a World War II United States enlisted pilot, whose wings bore an "L" in the center. They flew light single engine liaison aircraft. Included were many enlisted aviation students who washed out of pilot training after having soloed and were given the opportunity to become liaison pilots. Flight training consisted of about 60 hours of flying time and stressed such procedures as short field landings and takeoffs over obstacles, low altitude navigation, first aid, day and night reconnaissance, aerial photography, and aircraft maintenance. Unarmored and unarmed—except perhaps for a .45 pistol or .30 carbine—these men in 28 different squadrons flew low and slow with wheels, skis, or floats. They flew varied and often hazardous missions in nearly every theater—medical evacuation from forward areas; delivering munitions, blood plasma, mail, and other supplies to front lines; ferrying personnel; flying photographic or intelligence missions; serving as air observers for fighters or bombers; and other critical yet often unpublicized missions. During the campaign to recapture the Philippines, pilots of the 25th Liaison Squadron flew a dozen Stinson L-5 Sentinel aircraft in short 30-minute flights (December 10–25, 1944) delivering supplies (including a 300-bed hospital) to the 6,000 men of the 11th Airborne Division isolated in the mountains of Leyte. In another mission, an Army officer wounded in the chest in New Guinea was evacuated in a liaison aircraft as the pilot pumped a portable respirator with one hand while he flew the aircraft with the other. In the northwestern U.S., some liaison pilots flew forest patrols (Project Firefly) watching for fires ignited by incendiary bombs carried across the Pacific beneath unmanned Japanese high altitude balloons.

WWII US AIR CORPS ANGUS & COOTE PILOT WINGS WW2

Lot #222 (Sale Order 289 of 952)

Fantastic WWII Army Air Corps Pilot Wings are Die struck, marked Angus & Coote Sydney STG SIL. to the reverse of the badge. Has typical British style pin and catch assembly. Wings measure 3 inches wide and have never been cleaned

WWII US SERVICE PILOT WING IN STERLING BY LGB WW2

Lot #223 (Sale Order 290 of 952)

Fantastic WWII Army Air Corps Service Pilot Wings are Die struck, maker marked LGB or Balfour and STERLING to the reverse of the badge. Wings measure 3 inches wide and have never been cleaned retaining a wonderful patina.

KOREAN WAR USMC AVIATOR GROUPING HELMET PATCHES

Lot #224 (Sale Order 291 of 952)

Korean War Marine Corps fighter pilot grouping identified to aviator Lt. R. C. Sinclair. Grouping consist of his 1) H-4 Flight helmet size medium. U.S. Navy Korean War era flight helmet with goggles, oxygen mask and cloth inner helmet. Made by Gentex. Has U.S. Navy Wing on brow, and complete with receivers and microphone. There is also two half naked women decals one to each side of the helmet. Helmet is in overall excellent condition. 2) Stunning Japanese Made Able Eagles VMF-115 squadron patch in bullion measuring 5 1 /2 inches and has been taken from the flight jacket. 3) Japanese made Bullion name tape with aviator wings with his name R.C. Sinclair LT. USMCR also taken from the flight jacket. 4) Dog Tag named to Sinclair, Richard G. II067752 USMC METHODIST O for blood type. 5) Two sets of H&H Aviator wings one clutch back and the other pin back. 6) One set of Officers EGA's. 7) Three sets of Lieutenant bars. 8) Two ribbon bars with Navy and Marine Corps Presidential Unit Citation, Air Force Presidential Unit Citation, National Defense Service Medal. 9) USMC S.S. Expert Marksmanship badge. 10) Midshipman Badge 11) Two photographs, one Korean War era getting his aviator wings and the other is a color Polaroid photo of him in the 1980's. This grouping was obtained by the consignor directly from him. Excellent Korean War In 1949, VMF-115 was the first Marine Corps squadron equipped with Grumman F9F-2 Panther jets, and on November 20, 1950, the first Marine squadron to carrier qualify all 18 pilots aboard the USS Franklin D. Roosevelt.[3] The squadron then deployed to Pohang, Korea, for combat operation in February 1952. In late-June 1952 they participated in the attack on the Sui-ho Dam. Throughout the Korean War, VMF-115 expended more ordnance than any other Marine jet fighter squadron. A total of 15,350 flight hours were logged on 9,250 combat sorties with a price of 19 aircraft lost. Six pilots were lost with their aircraft in a single day and a total of 14 pilots were killed in action. Close air support was provided by VMF-115 in battles such as Bunker Hill, The Hook, Reno, Carson-Elko, Vegas, Berlin, East Berlin, and the Marines famous battle at the Chosin Reservoir.

WW1 NAMED 32ND DIVISION UNIFORM GROUPING DOG TAGS

Lot #225 (Sale Order 292 of 952)

WW1 Named uniform grouping grouping of a member to the 125th Infantry of the 32nd Infantry Division and served with a machine gun company. The grouping consist of his patched 32nd Division uniform roughly a size 36R and includes his trousers. This WWI US Army Enlisted cotton khaki uniform is a nice example of a working uniform. It has a US Army collar disc as well as a Machine gun collar disc on the collar. The chest is an approximate 36," the pants have a 30" waist and a 34" outseam. Overall good condition, no holes but exhibits wear. 2) Named Dog Tags to Prescott R. Prescott 373843. 3) Red Cross personal bag named to P. R. Dickinson M.G. Co. 125th Inf. inside the bag is a sewing kit and a leather wallet. 4) Finally another personal bag with an embroidered American Eagle with Federal shield with a Red White and Blue U.S.A. Excellent The 32nd Division arrived on the Western Front in February 1918. The 32nd was the sixth U.S. division to join the American Expeditionary Force (AEF), under General John J. Pershing. The unit's morale was temporarily lessened when they learned they were assigned to create a depot for I Corps that would train replacement soldiers. Major General Haan reminded his commanders that it was every soldier's duty to contribute their best to the war effort, including training replacements. However, Haan lobbied Pershing and after several stormy sessions, finally convinced him that the 32nd could hold its own as a division. Up to this point much of the war had been a stalemate, fought from static trench lines over the same few kilometers of terrain. Over the next six months, the division was under constant fire, with only 10 days' rest. The division took a leading role in three important offensives, fighting on five fronts, suffered more than 14,000 casualties, captured more than 2,000 prisoners, and never yielded ground to the enemy. Major General James Parker had re-assumed command on 7 December 1917, and led the unit into Alsace in May 1918, attacking 19 kilometers (12 mi) in seven days. During the Battle of Marne, they captured Fismes. The only American unit in French General Charles Mangin's famous 10th French Army, it fought between the Moroccans and the Foreign Legion, two of the best divisions in the French army in the Battle of Oise-Battle of Aisne offensive. The 10th Army took Juvigny. In the five-day battle against five German divisions, the 32nd suffered 2,848 casualties. On 18 May 1918, four battalions of the 32nd division replaced decimated French troops on the front line at Haute Alsace, along a 17 miles (27 km) front from the Aspach-le-Bas to the Swiss border. The division's units conducted combat patrols into Germany itself, gaining the distinction of being the first US troops to set foot on enemy soil in World War I. Moving out of their trenches, the division fought continuously for 20 days during the Meuse–Argonne offensive. The division was the front line element of the Third U.S. Army. The Germans were well dug in after four years of trench warfare and had orders to hold the line at all costs. On 14 October at 5:30 am, the division broke through the maze of barbed wire and took the line of trenches forming the Hindenburg Line and moved on to the last German stronghold at Kriemhilde Stellung, where they reached the Meuse River. The 32nd was the first Allied Army unit to penetrate the Hindenburg Line. They then captured Côte Dame de Marie, the key to all the defenses in the area. Over the next five days the division continued to advance while under nearly constant machine gun and artillery fire. The 32nd Division defeated 11 German divisions in the Argonne fighting, including the fearsome Prussian Guards and the German Army's 28th Division, known as Kaiser's Own. The offensive cost the division 5,950 casualties. Their next objective was to flank the Germans at Metz and they marched 300 kilometers (190 mi) to the Rhine River. There they occupied the center sector in the Koblenz bridgehead for four months, during which they held 400 square kilometers (150 sq mi) and 63 towns.

WW1 US ARMY 1917 ORDNANCE MARKED BLANKET MINT WWI

Lot #226 (Sale Order 293 of 952)

WW1 Stone MINT US Ordnance army blanket dated 1917 by Alex, Smith & Sons Carpet Co. of Yonkers New York approx 69 x 68" & weighs approx 4 1/2lbs and again is stone mint

WW1 81st DIVISION & WWII 88TH DIVISION TRENCH ART

Lot #227 (Sale Order 294 of 952)

Trench Art to include 1) 81st Division 75mm shell with a beautiful copper brown patina and to the top of the shell is "VICTORY" along with the logo of the 81st Division and a four leaf clover. The shell is in excellent condition. World War I The 81st Infantry Division "Wildcats" was organized as a National Division of the United States Army in August 1917 during World War I at Camp Jackson, South Carolina. The division was originally organized with a small cadre of Regular Army officers, while the soldiers were predominantly Selective Service men drawn from the southeastern United States. After organizing and finishing training, the 81st Division deployed to Europe, arriving on the Western Front in August 1918. Elements of the 81st Division first saw limited action by defending the St. Dié sector in September and early October. After relief of mission, the 81st Division was attached to the American First Army in preparation for the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. In the last days of World War I, the 81st Division attacked a portion of the German Army's defensive line on 9 November 1918, and remained engaged in combat operations until the Armistice with Germany at 1100 hours on 11 November 1918. After the cessation of hostilities, the 81st Division remained in France until May 1919; after which the division was shipped back to the United States and inactivated on 11 June 1919. 2) 88th Division marked 75mm shell with three .50 cal shells that has partially been made into a lamp. The shell to the front has a painted theater made 88th Divisional insignia and Gorizia Castle. The shell is engraved 88th Division Gorizia Italy 1946 - 47 Curtis D. Ledermann Anti-Tank Co. 349th Inf. Regt. Excellent Combat chronicle First Entered combat: Advance party on night of 3–4 January 1944 in support of Monte Cassino attacks. First Organization Committed to Line: 2nd Battalion, 351st Infantry Regiment plus attachments First combat fatality: 3 January 1944 Began post war POW Command: 7 June 1945. Responsible for guarding and later repatriating 324,462 German POWs. The 88th Infantry Division was one of the first all-draftee divisions of the United States Army to enter the war. Ordered into active military service at Camp Gruber, Oklahoma, the division, commanded by Major General John E. Sloan, arrived at Casablanca, French Morocco on 15 December 1943, and moved to Magenta, Algeria, on 28 December for intensive training. Destined to spend the war fighting on the Italian Front, the 88th Division arrived at Naples, Italy on 6 February 1944, and concentrated around Piedimonte d'Alife for combat training. An advance element went into the line before Monte Cassino on 27 February, and the entire division relieved the battered British 46th Infantry Division along the Garigliano River in the Minturno area on 5 March. A period of defensive patrols and training followed. The 88th formed part of Major General Geoffrey Keyes' II Corps, part of the U.S. Fifth Army, under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark. After being inspected by the Fifth Army commander on 5 May, the 88th Division, six days later, drove north to take Spigno, Mount Civita, Itri, Fondi, and Roccagorga, reached Anzio, 29 May, and pursued the enemy into Rome, being the first unit of the Fifth Army into the city on 4 June, two days before the Normandy landings, after a stiff engagement on the outskirts of the city. An element of the 88th is credited with being first to enter the Eternal City. After continuing across the Tiber to Bassanelio the 88th retired for rest and training, 11 June. The division went into defensive positions near Pomerance on 5 July, and launched an attack toward Volterra on the 8th, taking the town the next day. Laiatico fell on the 11th, Villamagna on the 13th, and the Arno River was crossed on the 20th although the enemy resisted bitterly. After a period of rest and training, the 88th Division, now commanded by Major General Paul Wilkins Kendall, opened its assault on the Gothic Line on 21 September, and advanced rapidly along the Firenzuola-Imola road, taking Mount Battaglia (Casola Valsenio, RA) on the 28th. The enemy counterattacked savagely and heavy fighting continued on the line toward the Po Valley. The strategic positions of Mount Grande and Farnetto were taken on 20 and 22 October. From 26 October 1944 to 12 January 1945, the 88th entered a period of defensive patrolling in the Mount Grande-Mount Cerrere sector and the Mount Fano area. From 24 January to 2 March 1945, the division defended the Loiano-Livergnano area and after a brief rest returned to the front. The drive to the Po Valley began on 15 April. Monterumici fell on the 17th after an intense artillery barrage and the Po River was crossed on 24 April, as the 88th pursued the enemy toward the Alps.

WWI M 1912 MILLS CAVALRY BANDOLIER DATED 1916 WW1

Lot #228 (Sale Order 295 of 952)

Mills M1912 Cavalry Bandoleer dated 1916 with 12 ammo pockets that held .30-06 ammo and the pistol pockets for .45 ammo. This bandoleer is marked in the far left hand rifle pocket "Mills Dec. 1916". The patent dates are on the tip of the adjustment strap with the last date of "AUG 8 1916". The individual snaps are stamped "Mills Military Fastener". Stamped on the back of the belt behind the pistol pockets is "HQ 106 Tommy Corley. excellent - near mint.

WWII FLYING TIGERS AIR CORPS PROJECT X PHOTOS WW2

Lot #229 (Sale Order 296 of 952)

WWII US Army Signal Corps photo negatives of project "X" in Shangri la China. This project was dealing with setting up B-24 bases in China to aid the Flying Tigers. There are several images of the tigers. There are several modern prints of the images as seen in the photos. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER W/ TAG WW2

Lot #230 (Sale Order 297 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 28 x 50 inches and has a manufacturing tag to the bunting corner Edru Leo Drucks of Aachen Germany. To both its red fields are sewn are white disks, with separately sewn on mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected light period use and wear but overall very nice condition. Tunnel loop to one end for mounting. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M40 COMBAT HELMET Q66 W/ LINER

Lot #230a (Sale Order 298 of 952)

The stamped sheet steel construction helmet retains about 90% of its slightly rough textured, age darkened field-gray paint. All three liner retaining rivets are intact. The interior of the helmet has a M31 style, leather liner with all of its fingers intact. The liner is in overall good condition with light age and usage toning and it has started to stiffen with age. Original size adjustment string is present. The reverse interior neck guard apron has a stamped serial number, "DN503", and the faint, manufacturer’s code and size stamp "Q66" indicating manufacture by F.W. Quist, G.m.b.H. Esslingen, size 66. Of Note: The placement of the manufacturer’s code and size on the interior, reverse, neck guard apron indicate manufacture after mid-1943. The chinstrap is absent. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. Originally the Third Reich national tri-color helmet decal was introduced on March 14TH 1933 for wear on the left side of the helmet to replace the Reichswehr era state shield insignia. Regulations of February 17TH 1934 introduced the Wehrmacht eagle decal and the national tri-color decal was shifted to the right side of the helmet with the Wehrmacht eagle decal positioned on the left hand side. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 dictated that the national tri-color decal was to be removed from all helmets and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the Wehrmacht eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER OR FLAG WW2

Lot #231 (Sale Order 299 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction flag approximately 20 1/2 x 33 inches . To both its red fields are sewn are white disks, with separately sewn on mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected light period use and wear but overall very nice condition. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL FLAG W SILVER FRINGE

Lot #232 (Sale Order 300 of 952)

Multi-piece wool construction flag approximately 50 1/2 x 53 inches excluding silver fringe. To both its red fields are sewn are white disks, with separately sewn on mobile swastikas in black. MINT! Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER MINT 76X39 IN

Lot #232a (Sale Order 301 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 76 x 39 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a printed mobile swastikas in black. MINT. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICER'S WAFFEN SS M43 FIELD CAP

Lot #233 (Sale Order 302 of 952)

Field-gray wool/rayon blend construction cap with a subtle whipcord weave features fold down back and side panels with a scalloped front edge and forward sides and two small pebbled, magnetic sheet metal button retainers. The back and side panels were designed to be folded down to protect the wearers ears and neck and the scalloped front section could be secured with the buttons closed under the wearers chin. The top edge of the crown is trimmed in bright, interwoven, silver/aluminum braiding. The front center of the cap has a late war, single piece SS cap insignia trapezoid as introduced in 1944. The insignia consists of a BeVo woven SS eagle and skull in matte silvery/gray threads on a field-gray woven rayon trapezoid base. The trapezoid has been machine stitched to the cap. The cap has a fabric covered forward visor with an internal cardboard stiffener a small raised lip to the top of the forward edge and a row of reinforcement stitching to the bottom of the forward edge. The interior of the cap is fully lined in gray cotton/rayon blend material. The lining is well size marked "57". Nice original M43. The field-gray M43 field cap was originally introduced in the German army on June 11TH 1943 as a replacement cap for other field caps then in use, and adopted for wear in the Waffen-SS on October 1ST 1943. The design of the M43 field cap was based on the earlier M42 Feldmütze, (Overseas cap), and the Mountain Troopers Bergmütze, (Mountain Cap), with minor variations. On its introduction a black version was also introduced for wear by Panzer personnel. EM/NCO ranks M43 caps were un-piped while the Officer’s version was issued with white piping for the ranks of SS-Untersturmführer to SS-Standartenführer and the ranks of SS-Oberführer to Reichsführer-SS, utilized silver/aluminum piping. This example is an EM/NCO’s M43 field cap that has been upgraded to Officers ranks of SS-Oberführer and above by the addition of silver/aluminum piping to the crown edge. The piping appears to have been period applied.

WW1 & WWII GERMAN PISTOL MAGAZINE LOT P-08 P-38

Lot #234 (Sale Order 303 of 952)

WW1 and WWII P-08 and P-38 magazine lot consisting of 1) P-08 magazine, this is a WWI period P08 Luger magazine with wood bottom. There are no visible markings. This magazine shows mottled gray finish. The metal is smooth without rust. The wood bottom is intact but does have a crack to the base. This magazine is in Good serviceable condition. 2) Nazi German P-38 magazine. Marked "P.38" near the foot on the left side. Functioning spring. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE NSFK PHOTO ALBUM WW2

Lot #234a (Sale Order 304 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe / NSFK photo album containing 43 black and white photos including several glider shots of various types of gliders. Album has several quotations underneath the images. Originally instituted in January 1932 the NSFK Nationalsozialistisches Fliegerkorps, (National Socialist Flying Corps), was soon absorbed into the DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). On April 17TH 1937 the NSFK, was reestablished and at the same time the DLV, was disbanded. The NSFK was mainly a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid personnel. The NSFK’s mandate covered all aspects of civilian flight and the organization was divided into three main sections consisting of aircraft, balloons and glider flight. As an affiliate organization of the NSDAP, personnel serving with the NSFK originally wore the "Tradition Uniform" as other NSDAP related organizations with minor variations. On its reestablishment in April 1937 the NSFK introduced specific uniforms and headgear that were based on the uniforms utilized by the DLV with minor variations.

BEST CARTOONS OF THE YEAR 1942 1943 1944 1945 BOOK

Lot #235 (Sale Order 305 of 952)

BEST CARTOONS OF THE YEAR from 1942 to 1945 EDITED BY LAWRENCE LARIAR. All foour books are roughly 128 PAGES and are all hardcover, CROWN PUBLISHERS..GREAT ILLUSTRATED THROUGHOUT..MEASURES 12 1/4" X 9 1/4".

WWII GERMAN SUMMER FLIGHT HELMET MINT WW2

Lot #236 (Sale Order 306 of 952)

"LKpS101" SUMMER FLIGHT HELMET. (Fliegerkopfhaube für Sommer mit FT-Gerät). Nice quality, five panel, tan linen construction summer flight helmet with integral communications equipment, sheet metal, molded bakelite and brown leather fittings and a brushed green rayon lining. Size 56. Wire harness is complete.Mint example. With the advent of military aircraft in WWI most of the early pilots soon discovered that appropriate protective headgear was a necessity due to the cold and the all too frequent occurrence of oil leaking into the slipstream and covering the pilot. Originally the German military was caught unprepared and no specific headgear or uniforms for pilots were available. This resulted in the pilots utilizing commercially produced motor car helmets. These tight fitting, soft leather helmets proved to be ideal and future flight helmets were basically modified versions of the early motor car helmets. During WWII the Luftwaffe utilized no fewer then ten slightly different models of flight helmets with the main modifications being helmets issued for summer or winter wear and helmets with or without integral radio communication fittings. The LKpS101 model helmet was designed for summer wear and was outfitted with radio equipment as used by fighter pilots and bomber commanders. The LKpS101 model helmet was basically identical to the earlier LKpS100 model but with improved communications equipment.

WWII EARLY NAZI GERMAN SA STANDARD BEARER GORGET

Lot #236a (Sale Order 307 of 952)

Very nice multi-piece stamped brass construction heart shaped gorget with a heavy nickel/silver plating. Outside edge has a raised rolled back border lip. Upper corners of obverse each have a small ornate eagle clutching a swastika brass button. Gorget has a large natural brass/tombak eight point sunburst pattern plate affixed to the center with a nickel/silver plated circular plate superimposed to center. Central circular plate is fashioned after the early SA belt buckle face plate and features a small stylized national eagle clutching a wreath encompassing a sunwheel style swastika on a smooth field. This in turn is encompassed by a twisted "rope" border followed by a ridged outer border with embossed oak-leaf half-wreath and another outer twisted "rope" border. Reverse of gorget with two bent over chain hanging tabs to upper corners and an off-centered retaining tab to middle for attaching the gorget through a uniform button hole. Original cloth backing is present

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BATTLE FLAG 1.5X2.5

Lot #237 (Sale Order 308 of 952)

Second pattern (Circa 1937/38-1945) single piece dual sided printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small dual-ply reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white tunnel looped cotton/rayon blend bunting for the suspension rope. The twisted suspension rope is still intact and has a closed loop to both the top and bottom edges. Nicely maker marked, size marked 150 x 250 and KM eagle over "M" marked. Nice clean example. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BATTLE FLAG 1.5X2.5

Lot #238 (Sale Order 309 of 952)

Second pattern (Circa 1937/38-1945) single piece dual sided printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small dual-ply reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white tunnel looped cotton/rayon blend bunting for the suspension rope. The twisted suspension rope is still intact and has a closed loop to both the top and bottom edges. Nicely maker marked, size marked 150 x 250 and KM eagle over "M" marked. Nice clean example. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER NEAR MINT WW2

Lot #238a (Sale Order 310 of 952)

A large multi-piece cotton construction single sided banner approximately 47 X 112 inches. To its red field is sewn a white disk, with a sewn on mobile swastikas in black. There is a tunnel loop to one end. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BATTLE FLAG 100X170

Lot #239 (Sale Order 311 of 952)

Second pattern (Circa 1937/38-1945) single piece dual sided printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small dual-ply reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white tunnel looped cotton/rayon blend bunting for the suspension rope. The twisted suspension rope is still intact and has a closed loop to both the top and bottom edges. Nicely maker marked, size marked 100x 170 and maker marked. Nice clean example. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

ADOLF HITLER SIGNED PHOTO WITH GRADUATION DOCUMENT

Lot #239a (Sale Order 312 of 952)

This is absolutely outstanding as far as Hitler signatures go. It is 100% guaranteed to be authentic. The certificate is for Schulentlaffung Ostern 1939 (school dismissal) and it was to a boy whose name was Gerhard Pertzsch. The writing inside the cover of the graduation certificate translates out to this – Everyone must serve the Volk (Folk), everyone must make himself ready for his duty to the Volk. To get in physical shape. You must train your conscience and be steadfast. – Adolf Hitler. Then there is the printed greetings to G. Pertzsch for his admission to the labor service of the German Volk. Auto-penned signed by the Mayor, the District Leader and the District School Director. The title on the front of the document (the cover) has the large National Eagle in gold coloration and underneath are the words Zur Schulentlassung 1939. This means graduation and dismissal of the schooling. Earlier this boy was evidently a star performer in some public display of youth proficiency staged in the Bavarian Alps near Berchtesgaden. We are told that Gerhard and his brother met Adolf Hitler at that time in 1935 and we are told that it was at that time that the picture was taken. Hitler posed with several of the winners of an important sports event. Later the picture was signed and sent to Gerhard. He is the shorter of the two boys in the photo. The inscription is as follows: The brave young man Gerhard Pertzsch Sonnenwende 1935 Adolf Hitter signature, Dem Braven Jungmann Gehard Pertzsch Sonennwende 1935 (Adolf Hitler). Sonnenwende meaning the Solstice. The picture including the cardboard it is mounted on measures 6 ½ x 9 ½. The edges of the cardboard backing is about ¼ inch wide all around. The school certificate measures at 16 ½ x 12 inches when fully open. On the page that opposes the words of commencement is a 6" x 9" picture of Hitler with Gauleiter Fritz Wachtler who was also the head of the National Socialist Teachers Association (Leiter des Lehrerbundes). This is a prodigiously important Hitler signed article and a testament of the German Fuhrer's agenda concerning the youth of the Fatherland. The Hitler Youth was a logical extension of Hitler’s belief that the future of N.S. Germany was its children. He said quote: "The word must be chiseled this way -- I want young men and women who can suffer pain. A young German must be as swift as a greyhound, as tough as leather and as hard as Krupps Steel.” Membership in the Hitler Youth was seen as being as important to a child as school was in the early years of the N.S movement. Seldom is there found any better Hitler signed picture as this. It has the personal touch instead of being the standard promotion or congratulatory picture. Those for the most part were standard necessary documents but here we have a unique (one of a kind portrait, signature and dedication one would be hard put to find a better grouping as this one most definitely is). The dedication is rather hard to photograph due to the fact that the Fuhrer signed it in a dark shaded area of the picture but on close examination it stands out boldly. Excellent Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz Von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE PANZER WRAPPER TYPE II WW2

Lot #240 (Sale Order 313 of 952)

Second pattern black wool/rayon blend construction waist length double breasted style tunic with fold back lapels and a large lay down collar. The left front closure panel of the tunic has four hidden button eyelets and an additional three un-hidden button eyelets on the fold back lapel. The right front closure panel has four large corresponding buttons and three smaller buttons all intact. The edge of the right front closure panel has an additional two small buttons positioned underneath the overlapping left closure panel with two internal fabric loops for a secure closure with a neat appearance. The tunic has a single metal hook and eye positioned at the forward neckline. The left sleeve has a machine woven police eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath in gray threads on a black background. The obverse of the tunic has two diagonally angled tapering darts while the reverse of the tunic has two vertical tapering darts and a central vertical seam. The sleeve cuffs each have a small vertical outside seam slash with dual fit adjustment buttons to each. The tunic has Schutzpolizei des Reichs Wachtmeister's slip on shoulder boards. The tunic has a large lay down collar with the typical zig-zag reinforcement stitching to the reverse and exaggerated forward pointed tips. The collar has green waffenfarbe piping. The collar features a September 1935 pattern, machine woven collar tabs with field-gray litzen and interwoven green center stripe and green branch of service stripes. The collar tabs are machine stitched to the collar. The interior breast panels are lined in subtly ribbed black cotton/rayon blend material. The lining has a horizontal slash patch pocket to the right breast panel and a vertical slash patch pocket to the left breast panel. All original buttons and stitching. The lower, right panel is well marked with white size ink stamps and is dated 1943. MINT The black Panzer Wrap tunic was originally introduced by the army on November 12TH 1934, for wear by armored vehicle personnel and was worn through-out the war with minor modifications in 1936 and 1942. Allegedly Chief of the motorized troops, Oberst Heinz Guderian came up with the coloration and design of the form fitting uniform which he based on a popular ski outfit of the time. Black was chosen as the color as it help conceal the grease and grime commonly encountered by motorized personnel. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Generally officer’s ranks utilized hand or machine embroidered breast eagles while EM/NCO’s ranks utilized machine embroidered or machine woven breast eagles. The different branches of service within the army were allocated a specific, identifying, waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with pink being chosen for Panzer, (Armored), personnel. Of Note: The general waffenfarbe for all armored units was pink although other colors were utilized including red for armored artillery units, golden yellow for armored reconnaissance units and the 24TH Panzer Division, lemon yellow for armored signals units and, for a short time, alternating black and white for armored engineer units. On the field blouse, service tunic and Panzer wrap tunic the waffenfarbe was generally displayed on the shoulder straps/boards and the collar tabs. Originally the Panzer wrap tunics also utilized the waffenfarbe as piping on the forward edge of the collar until regulations of mid-1942 abolished the use of the collar piping and instructed it to be removed from the tunics, although the directive was not strictly adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN TRUMPET BANNER FLAG W/ EAGLE WW2

Lot #240a (Sale Order 314 of 952)

This banner is from a brass band that was formed in the area of Scholven. Here was found the vast and massive plan for the conversion of coal into gasoline. Had it succeeded and somehow escaped the night and day bombing runs made by England and the US, the outcome of the war might have been far different! The hydrogenation Scholven was purely a military operation. The fuel supply was meant exclusively for military purposes, however, as early as 1933 Hitler had announced in February that under his four year recovery plan public measures would serve to create jobs and the militarization would make Germany ready for war because he knew that Britain and France were looking menacingly at Germany to say nothing of the great danger that loomed in the Communist East. So with the placement of this four year plan to have Germany's people working again and to supplant an awareness in the people for the possibility of war, Hermann Goring is appointed as the Tsar of the great social and military venture. Gorings’ task in the context of this plan was to align the companies of the Reich and if necessary there would be government intervention in all production process within the agenda of the National Socialist economic policy in peace or war. Germany wanted to also be self-sufficient, completely independent of foreign supplies of raw materials. A most difficult task when one considers that at that time potash, lignite and coal were in insufficient quantity and crude oil was scarce so this led to the construction of hydrogenation Scholven in 1935 and the mining company Recklinghausen and mining company, Hibernia, are now subsidized and nationalized. For traditional reasons, the Hibernia Company keeps the name Hibernia A.G. (more lately). The goal of the four year plan is to use 10% of the coal for the experimentation in the methods of converting coal to petrol (gas). In July 1936., for the first time the Hibernia AG Co. has success in the production of gasoline from coal tar, three weeks later directly from coal. Hibernia decided after this pioneering achievement to actually make the first hydrogen production plant for the process. They are no longer just a mine they are now a full- fledged plant producing synthetic gasoline from coal. In 1938 the ministry of hydrogenation Hermann Goring instructs the plant to switch the production of 200,000 tons of gasoline for autos and trucks to 180,000 tons of jet fuel. So important was the Hibernia plant that at this point an entire huge community of workers with government supplied housing was established and social events were planned and acted upon by happy workers. The symbol or logo of Hibernia was the Prussian eagle holding in his right claw a sword and in his left, lightning flashes. In the center of his chest is seen the swastika of the Reich and under the eagle is a black scroll with the name Hibernia! -- under this you will see a four leaf clover or shamrock, placed upon the crossed hammer and chisel that has been the traditional logo of German miners for centuries. The mining community had its own local newspaper and in 1937 a poster that hung in plant work places, offices and workers mess halls showed a JU-88 Stuka dive bomber that has this Hibernia symbol shown on it. Reichsmarshall Goring made quite a few official visits to all the hydrogenation plants and especially Hibernia. He expressed his lively satisfaction at the high level of production development that had been reached there. Wherever Goring went, extremely jubilant people gathered to greet him while chanting Unser Hermann -- Our Hermann. Hibernia and the other mining communities in the Scholven Gelsenkirchen area were as patriotic National Socialists as could be found in the Reich. In 1932 nearly 40,000 people were out of work in the economic crisis, in 1939 the employment offices of the city reported only 100 people unemployed. The industrial companies complained of a labor shortage; the people had good cause to be thankful to the National Socialist Party and especially the four year plan manager Goring. Every National Socialist event in the N.S. calendar was ceremoniously honored and celebrated to the absolutely fullest extent. The Fuhrer’s Birthday, the observance of the Putsch in Munich, and the Machtergreifung ascension to power by the National Socialists party. There was a sharply dressed musical band who played the Horst Wessel Leid to symphonic excellence and that is where our bugle banner comes in -- but first let’s look at the first origins of the name Hibernia and its use in N.S. Germany. The name of course is the classical Latin name for the Emerald island of Ireland. But how does it come to be used in Germany? Did you ever hear of the expression “Coal to New Castle”?

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD LIDDED BEER STEIN 1935 DATED

Lot #241 (Sale Order 315 of 952)

The Reichs Arbeits Dienst was the compulsary labor service unit of the NSDAP. Formed July 1934 as the official state labor service, the RAD was an amalgamation of many labor organizations. It basically was an institution set up in NS Germany as an instrument to combat unemployment, similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps of the U.S., that in fact was a copy of the original RAD. Konstantin Hierl was the leader all through the organization's lifetime. It was a well planned, good organization and it provided jobs, comraderie, snappy uniforms and pride in work for a great segment of Germany's youth. During the ware, the RAD was classified as Wehrmachtgefolge (armed forces auxiliaries). The stein is in very good condition and measures about 5" high, not counting the thumblift that take the shape of the spade symbolizing the RAD. It entailed hard work but was rewarding in many ways. The saying on the Labor Corps' dagger said it all -- Arbeit Adelt! Work Glorifies! The stein has the spade in the middle of its central design with the time of service of Georg Rottler, and in the spade's center is the unit he served in, which was the 3rd Brigade and the 285th Regiment. A very nice momento of the social programs of the Third Reich.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY DOUBLE EAGLE MARKED SWORD

Lot #241a (Sale Order 316 of 952)

This army lion head is the very desirable type that features the Wehrmacht eagle on the “p” guard as well as an open-winged eagle on the langet. The sword design is the same as page 128 on the Angolia book and on page 126 you can see the “p” guard design. Angolia is showing the dove head type on this page but it has the exact same “p” guard and cross guard motif. This sword has much of the original gilding still remaining throughout the brass base. I would say that the gilt is probably about 85% - 90%. The lion head is really a great looking cat. He is fitted with two faceted blood red stone eyes. They really look good against the brass background. This cat has some hand detail throughout his mane, brow and nasal area. The engraving is more delicate than we see on other makes. The lion’s mane runs down the back strap, where it becomes a “v” design and there are long floral style oak leaves at the center area. The ferrule has a series of oak leaves and acorns which run around its circumference. The “p” guard starts out with a floral design then a raised out oak leaf and acorn sprig and then at the center area there is a fine Wehrmacht style eagle. This bird looks to the viewer’s left and clutches a swastika in his claws. The eagle is the style with half-open wings. There are further floral designs which continue downward and into the cross guard. The quillon end has a floraled curl. The cross guard features an open-winged eagle which looks to the viewer’s left. This bird clutches a wreathed mobile swastika and has oak leaves on either side of his talons. There is pretty good detail to this bird also. The grip is a black celluloid over wood carved base. The celluloid has a fine sheen to its finish and it is in perfect condition. This grip is tightly wrapped with triple brass wire, the center being twisted. A very nice hilt here! The scabbard of this example is also extremely nice. It is dent-free and has outstanding black original paint. This paint is near 100% and looks in mint condition. The blade of this very desirable sword is 33”. It is high quality throughout and has mirror nickel plated surfaces. The blade is easily in near mint condition. This blade is not marked but we know this sword to be produced by the Emil Voos firm. A great opportunity here to own a very desirable sword in first rate condition. The Sword/Saber is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many armies to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in January 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in March 1935 a wide variety of new sword and saber designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht. This revival in sword/saber production resulted in the numerous blade manufacturers, mainly located in Solingen, to develop a wide variety of ornate designs in an attempt to compete for the lucrative manufacturing contracts which resulted in over one hundred different patterns of the army sword/saber being produced during the Third Reich era. Dress regulations for Officers and senior NCO’s prescribed wear of side arms as a component of particular forms of dress. As a result of the war situation production of the swords and sabers was to be discontinued as per regulations of May 27TH 1943, although those already issued could still be worn on ceremonial occasions. Additional regulations of December 23RD 1944 indicated that all officers ranks were to wear a pistol in place of the sword/saber or the dress dagger.

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD .5 LITER BEER STEIN WW2

Lot #242 (Sale Order 317 of 952)

The Reichs Arbeits Dienst was the compulsory labor service unit of the NSDAP. Formed July 1934 as the official state labor service, the RAD was an amalgamation of many labor organizations. It basically was an institution set up in NS Germany as an instrument to combat unemployment, similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps of the U.S., that in fact was a copy of the original RAD. Konstantin Hierl was the leader all through the organization's lifetime. It was a well planned, good organization and it provided jobs, comraderie, snappy uniforms and pride in work for a great segment of Germany's youth. During the ware, the RAD was classified as Wehrmachtgefolge (armed forces auxiliaries). The stein is in very good condition and measures about 5" high, not counting the thumblift. It entailed hard work but was rewarding in many ways. The saying on the Labor Corps' dagger said it all -- Arbeit Adelt! Work Glorifies! The stein has soldier holding a spade in the middle of its central design with the inscription ."In Memory of My Work Service Time in the RAD." There are some maker marks on the bottom. A very nice momento of the social programs of the Third Reich. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN LION HEAD SWORD RED EYES EICKHORN

Lot #242a (Sale Order 318 of 952)

Nazi German Officers lion head sword with red eyes. Plain blade is in excellent condition and has the Eickhorn logo and name partially obscured by the langet. Grip and wire wrap intact with one wire strand separated. Overall length of sword is 38" with a 33" blade. Scabbard retains 90%+ original black paint. very good - excellent. The Sword/Sabre is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many army’s to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in early 1935 a wide variety of new sword and sabre designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht.

WWII NAZI GERMAN THIRD REICH PATRIOTIC BEER STEIN

Lot #243 (Sale Order 319 of 952)

Made of a ceramic, this .5 liter beer stein has a dark blue glazed body and in excellent condition There is some slight wear and marks due to the age, but it otherwise SUPERB with no cracks or chips! The date of March 21, 1933 is clearly shown on one of the panels, along with the inscription: “Nimmer wird das Reich zerstört, wenn ihr einig seid und treue” (The Reich will never be destroyed if you are united and loyal).

WWII NAZI GERMAN REICHSHANDWERKERTAG BEER STEIN

Lot #244 (Sale Order 320 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Reichshandwerkertag Frankfurt/Main 1935 "Day of the Artisan" in Frankfurt, 1935 beer mug. Size is .5L. It is in excellent, damage free condition and dated 1935

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICERS DOVE HEAD SWORD WW2

Lot #244a (Sale Order 321 of 952)

Roughly 32" long slightly curved drop forged steel construction nickel/silver plated blade with narrow shallow fullers running three quarters of the way up both sides of the blade. The blade is in overall very good condition being clean and bright with minor surface markings. The brown leather blade washer is still intact. The saber has die cast brass languets, cross guard, ferrule, "P", knuckle bow, back-strap and "dove" pommel with a gilt finish. The obverse rounded tip, shield shaped languet has an engraved Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings on a plain background field. The integral cross guard features a downward curved, curled tip to one side, and the base of the, "P", knuckle bow to other side. The knuckle bow, ferrule, back-strap and "dove" pommel all feature engraved, repeating oak-leaf patterns. The knuckle bow is inserted into the bottom edge of the pommel and the tang end has been skillfully hidden in the engraved oak-leaves. The saber has a molded black Bakelite grip with a central bulge and repeating recessed horizontal grooves with dual twisted silver wire wrap flanked at both the top and bottom edges by a triple fine wire wrap. The saber comes with its original black painted sheet metal construction scabbard. The scabbard retains it’s original black paint with normal usage scrapes and scratches revealing the base metal with surface spotting. The scabbard has an integral drag to the bottom edge and a sweated on horizontal scabbard band near the top edge with a raised rectangular suspension bar to the reverse and a suspension ring to the reverse edge. Both of the small dome headed throat retaining screws missing. Excellent The Sword/Saber is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many armies to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in January 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in March 1935 a wide variety of new sword and saber designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht. This revival in sword/saber production resulted in the numerous blade manufacturers, mainly located in Solingen, to develop a wide variety of ornate designs in an attempt to compete for the lucrative manufacturing contracts which resulted in over one hundred different patterns of the army sword/saber being produced during the Third Reich era. Dress regulations for Officers and senior NCO’s prescribed wear of side arms as a component of particular forms of dress. As a result of the war situation production of the swords and sabers was to be discontinued as per regulations of May 27TH 1943, although those already issued could still be worn on ceremonial occasions. Additional regulations of December 23RD 1944 indicated that all officers ranks were to wear a pistol in place of the sword/saber or the dress dagger.

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD 7/242 BEER STEIN 1935 WW2

Lot #245 (Sale Order 322 of 952)

RAD commemorative service time beer mug to Arbeitsmann Hans Kramer serving with RAD unit 7/242 Bleialf. With the inscription Arbeitsm. Hans Kramer Zur Erinnerung An Meine Arbeitsdienstzeit in Bleialf 1935 "Worker Hans Kramer As a reminder of my working hours in Bleialf". Very nice fresh colors. Mug itself in very nice condition. One small chip to the bottom only. Original attached nickel finished top with some patina. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD COMMEMORATIVE STEIN WW2

Lot #246 (Sale Order 323 of 952)

Nazi RAD Commemorative lidded stein from 1934. The front of the stein shows a shield-like shape that bears the Nazi emblem in the center and is flanked on either side by depictions of soldiers lining up and shaking hands, and individuals building a railway. Surrounding the images are the words: "ZUR ERINNERUNG AN MEINE ARBEITSDIENSTZEIT IN BAD HOMBURG v.d.H.". There is a hairline to one side.

WWII NAZI ARTILLERIE REGIMENT 96 MEASSEN PLATE

Lot #247 (Sale Order 324 of 952)

WWII Nazi German commemorative regimental plate by Meissen made porcelain. Artillerie-Regiment 96. "Meissen" maker marked to the reverse. Colors are still vibrant except for the red shield to the center.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY FIELD UTENSIL SET 1941

Lot #247a (Sale Order 325 of 952)

WWII Nazi German marked utensil set with Fork, Knife, and can opener. Can opener / holder is marked GAG 41 and has Nazi eagle stamped on the front. Knife is marked "Rostrfrei" and Thomas Wielrutz Solingen" with logo on the blade. Fork is marked GK&Fa 42" and has the same Nazi eagle. All three show wear and age. Very Good

GERMAN OMEGAWERK PEN KNIFE WITH CORKSCREW

Lot #247b (Sale Order 326 of 952)

Celluloid handle, three-blade pen knife marked "Rostfrei INOX" on both blades, larger blade is also marked "OMEGAWERK SOLINGEN GERMANY." Has corkscrew. Large blade is 2.25" and small blade is 1.6" When folded, the knife is 3.5" overall. Shows wear and age. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN HJ YOUTH KNIFE W MOTTO ON BLADE

Lot #248 (Sale Order 327 of 952)

The early, (Circa 1933-1938), HJ camp knife, with blade motto, has a roughly, 5 1/8", (13 cm), long, drop forged, steel construction, single edged, non-fullered, nickel/silver plated, blade and a full length, including the hilt of roughly, 9 1/4", (23.6 cm). The obverse of the blade has the acid etched motto, "Blut und Ehre!", (Blood and Honor), in a facsimile of RJF von Schirach’s handwriting. Maker marked M7/13 Arthur Schuttelhofer & Co., Solingen-Wald. The blade has been sharpened as seen in the photos. The blackened leather washer is still intact. The tooled steel construction hilt features a single, up-swept, cross guard arm and a stylized eagle head pommel. The knife has molded, black, diamond grooved, bakelite grips with dual, small, dome headed, alloy retaining rivets fully intact. The obverse grip has an embedded enameled and silver washed alloy HJ diamond. The HJ diamond features red enamel top and bottom quarters and white enamel side quarters with a central, canted, black enamel swastika. The diamond has the correct translucent red enamel with a pebbled field visible underneath. The knife comes with it’s original magnetic sheet metal scabbard. Strap is complete.

WWII NAZI GERMAN Ja! VOTING POSTER FOR GAULEITER

Lot #249 (Sale Order 328 of 952)

1932 Historic Party voting poster in cloth designated by the Gauleiter Geisler for inclusion into the NSDAP. Accompanying the poster is a period note identifying the piece as to what it is. Poster measures 13 X 16 1/2. Life and career The trained architect was from 1924 a Party speaker, from 1929 a Nazi Party district leader (Ortsgruppenleiter) and from January 1931 a member of the SA. In November 1933 he was elected to the Reichstag. During these early years he served chiefly in multiple SA leadership posts, rising to the rank of SA-Brigadeführer by 20 April 1934. During the Night of the Long Knives he only narrowly missed being arrested and murdered. Brought up on charges before the High Party Court, he was acquitted in April 1935. He resumed his SA career and, when the war began, he served in the Poland and France campaigns. Only from August 1941 did Giesler once again take up important Party functions, at Martin Bormann's instigation, first becoming Gauleiter of Gau Westphalia-South on 9 November 1941 and a member of the Prussian State Council. Then on 23 June 1942, be was made Acting Gauleiter of Munich-Upper Bavaria during Adolf Wagner's illness. (Retaining his position in Westphalia-South, Giesler was in command of two Gaue until he turned over the Westphalia position to Albert Hoffmann on 26 January 1943.) When Wagner died on 12 April 1944, Giesler was made permanent Gauleiter in Munich. After Ludwig Siebert's death on 1 November 1942, he was also appointed acting Ministerpräsident of Bavaria. He thus accumulated both high party and governmental offices. On 16 November 1942, he was appointed the Reich Defense Commissioner for his Gau. On 30 January 1943 he was promoted to SA-Obergruppenführer. In Munich, Giesler was known for speaking out against higher education for women, provoking student walk-outs of his speeches. He was also known for the capture and defeat of the White Rose (Weiße Rose) student resistance movement. In April 1945, he was appointed Reich Defence Commissar-South and with help from SS units brutally quelled the "Freedom Action Bavaria" ("Freiheitsaktion Bayern") uprising under Captain Dr. Rupprecht Gerngroß in Munich. Reflecting Giesler's fanatically loyal Nazi outlook he was named Reich Minister for the Interior in Adolf Hitler's will of 29 April 1945, though he never had the chance to assume this post. As American troops approached, Giesler was reported to be planning the murder of the surviving inmates at Dachau concentration camp and several of its satellite camps in March 1945, on the authority of Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Chief of the RSHA. In a 20 November 1945 interrogation of Giesler's Gaustabsamtsleiter, Hubertus "Bertus" Gerdes by Special Agent Johannes Imhoff of the Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC), Nürnberg Sub-Regional Office, Gerdes spoke of his role in sabotaging the plans for mass murder. In August, 1946, in testimony given to the International Military Tribunal by Karl von Eberstein, he claimed he was ordered to use his influence with the commandant of Dachau (SS-Obersturmbannführer Eduard Weiter) to have 25,000 prisoners shot when the U.S. approached. If this couldn't be done, then Giesler, in his capacity as a Reich Defense Commissioner, would order the Luftwaffe to bomb the camp. Eberstein refused to order the shooting of the prisoners and stated that it would be impossible to find any Luftwaffe commander to give the order to bomb. Giesler then said he would poison the prisoners; Eberstein claimed he stopped Giesler by obtaining an order from Himmler to simply surrender the camps. Giesler then fired Eberstein on 20 April, on orders of Martin Bormann, for 'defeatism'. During the last chaotic days of Nazi Germany, Giesler was behind the worst of the violence directed against "defeatists" and those seeking to surrender their districts without pointless destruction, the Penzberger Mordnacht (Night of Penzberg Murder) being one of the best known examples of this. When it was reported to Giesler that three people had been shot in another incident in Burghausen he retorted "What, only three ? ("The End" - Ian Kershaw - p. 344). On 8 May 1945, the day that the Nazi capitulated to the Allies, Giesler and his wife committed suicide, fearing capture by American troops as they fled Berchtesgaden. A local doctor practicing in Stanggass at that time, Dr. Gottschalk, certified Giesler's death on 8 May 1945 and he was buried in the cemetery in Berchtesgaden on 10 May 1945. His remains were later disinterred and reburied elsewhere. Giesler was an unquestioning follower of Hitler, who ruled with ruthless efficiency and almost unlimited power in the last war years in Bavaria

NAZI GERMAN 1936 OLYMPICS SOUVENIR BELL

Lot #250 (Sale Order 329 of 952)

1936 white porcelain Olympics souvenir bell. Relief eagle holding Olympics rings, a view of the Brandenberg Gate and "1.-16.August 1936". The base perimeter has relief lettering "11. Olympische & Spiel & Berlin... Ich & Rufe & Die & Jugend & der & Welt...". Porcelain four-arch suspension. Inside of bell has manufacturers mark. 4 7/8" tall with a 3 7/8" base diameter including stand. MINT The 1936 Summer Olympics (German: Olympische Sommerspiele 1936), officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad (German: Spiele der XI. Olympiade), was an international multi-sport event held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. Berlin won the bid to host the Games over Barcelona, Spain, on 26 April 1931, at the 29th IOC Session in Barcelona. It marked the second and most recent time the International Olympic Committee gathered to vote in a city that was bidding to host those Games. To outdo the Los Angeles games of 1932, Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler had a new 100,000-seat track and field stadium built, as well as six gymnasiums and many other smaller arenas. The games were the first to be televised, and radio broadcasts reached 41 countries. Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl was commissioned by the German Olympic Committee to film the Games for $7 million. Her film, titled Olympia, pioneered many of the techniques now common in the filming of sports. Hitler saw the Games as an opportunity to promote his government and ideals of racial supremacy and antisemitism, and the official Nazi party paper, the Völkischer Beobachter, wrote in the strongest terms that Jews should not be allowed to participate in the Games. German Jewish athletes were barred or prevented from taking part by a variety of methods, although some women swimmers from the Jewish sports club, Hakoah Vienna, did take part. Jewish athletes from other countries seem to have been side-lined in order not to offend the Nazi regime. Total ticket revenues were 7.5 million Reichsmark, generating a profit of over one million RM. The official budget did not include outlays by the city of Berlin (which issued an itemized report detailing its costs of 16.5 million RM) or outlays of the German national government (which did not make its costs public, but is estimated to have spent US$30 million). Jesse Owens won four gold medals in the sprint and long jump events and became the most successful athlete to compete in Berlin while Germany was the most successful country overall with 89 medals total, with the United States coming in second with 56 medals. These were the final Olympics under the presidency of Henri de Baillet-Latour and the final Olympic Games for 12 years due to the disruption of the Second World War. The next Olympic Games were held in 1948 (the Winter in Switzerland and then the Summer in London).

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS HONOR RING WITH COA

Lot #250a (Sale Order 330 of 952)

WWII Nazi German SS-Ehrenring or Honor Ring with the certification letter from Don Boyle a well respected member of the collecting community with his expertise in Honor Rings. Don describes the ring as original with the engraving to the interior tha has been removed and has been resized from a 12 to a size 4. All Honor rings were exclusively made by Otto & Karolina Garh of Munich Germany. The ring was initially presented to senior officers of the Old Guard (of which there were fewer than 5,000). Each ring had the recipient's name, the award date, and Himmler's signature engraved on the interior. The ring came with a standard letter from Himmler and citation. It was to be worn only on the left hand, on the "ring finger". If an SS member was dismissed or retired from the service, his ring had to be returned. The name of the recipient and the conferment date was added on the letter. In the letter, according to Himmler, the ring was a "reminder at all times to be willing to risk the life of ourselves for the life of the whole". It became a highly sought-after award, one which could not be bought or sold. Some SS and police members had local jewelers make unofficial versions to wear. In 1938 Himmler ordered the return of all rings of dead SS-men and officers to be stored in a chest in Wewelsburg Castle. This was to be a memorial to symbolize the ongoing membership of the deceased in the SS-order. In October 1944, Himmler ordered that further manufacture and awards of the ring were to be halted. Himmler then ordered that all the remaining rings, approximately 11,500, be blast-sealed inside a hill near Wewelsburg. By January 1945, 64% of the 14,500 rings made had been returned to Himmler after the deaths of the "holders". In addition, 10% had been lost on the battlefield and 26% were either kept by the holder or their whereabouts were unknown.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DLV COMMEMORATIVE PLATE

Lot #251 (Sale Order 331 of 952)

WWII Nazi German DLV Deutscher Luftsport Verband porcelain plate measuring 9 inches wide and in MINT condition having a gilded laurel wreath with the initials DLV or Deutscher Luftsport Verband with a black and gray stylized flying eagle to the center. The reverse of the plate is maker marked to Thomas of Bavaria. MINT On March 25TH 1933 the DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), was established by incorporating all civilian flying clubs into the one organization. In September 1933 the DLV was further enlarged by incorporating the SA and SS Fliegersturm groups. The DLV was utilized as a camouflage civilian organization to train personnel for the future Luftwaffe. As a civilian organization it was able to circumvent the restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty, which prohibited a German military air service. The DLV was divided into two distinct groups with the main group consisting of civilians and a second group, entitled the Fliegerschaft, which was the secret military branch of the DLV. Uniform regulations were first addressed on November 4TH 1933 and included a visor cap with two distinctly different forms of insignia that were worn concurrently. With the official unveiling of the Luftwaffe on February 26TH 1935, the DLV lost a substantial amount of its manpower and its previous function as a secret training ground for future pilots was rendered redundant. As a result the DLV was disbanded on April 17TH 1937 with its remaining membership being absorbed into the newly reconstituted NSFK.

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD BEER STEIN NAMED 1933 DATED

Lot #252 (Sale Order 332 of 952)

The Reichs Arbeits Dienst was the compulsary labor service unit of the NSDAP. Formed July 1934 as the official state labor service, the RAD was an amalgamation of many labor organizations. It basically was an institution set up in NS Germany as an instrument to combat unemployment, similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps of the U.S., that in fact was a copy of the original RAD. Konstantin Hierl was the leader all through the organization's lifetime. It was a well planned, good organization and it provided jobs, comraderie, snappy uniforms and pride in work for a great segment of Germany's youth. During the ware, the RAD was classified as Wehrmachtgefolge (armed forces auxiliaries). The stein is in worn condition and measures about 5" high, not counting the thumblift that take the shape of the spade symbolizing the RAD. It entailed hard work but was rewarding in many ways. The saying on the Labor Corps' dagger said it all -- Arbeit Adelt! Work Glorifies! The stein has the spade in the middle of its central design with laurel and oak leaves. A very nice momento of the social programs of the Third Reich. Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD BOWL 1938 DATED WW2

Lot #252a (Sale Order 333 of 952)

A mess hall bowl 1938 for the Reich Labor Corp (Reichsarbeitsdienst). It was made by the Meissen-based company Kaesfuer, Saxonia and it bears their mark -- crossed swords supporting a crown. The bowl measures 9 inches in diameter and in perfect condition. With the usual slight and light food staining in the bowl (natural and expected.) This is much more rare than the army types.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 7.65MM PISTOL LEATHER HOLSTER.

Lot #253 (Sale Order 334 of 952)

Red/brown leather construction, 7.65mm caliber pistol holster features a rounded, forward edge, fold over, top flap with a steel stud position on the front center. The left hand side of the holster body has a fold back panel with a stitched on, vertical, closure strap with a single cut-out eyelet, designed to attach to the brass stud on the top fold over flap. The right side of the holster body has a vertical, stitched on extra magazine pocket. The reverse of the holster has a single, wide, stitched on, vertical belt loop. Unmarked. The holster is in overall very good condition showing normal period use and wear. Shortages in the standard issue P08, (Luger), and the P38 pistols resulted in the Germany army contracting assorted manufacturers to produce commercial and police model pistols for use by armed forces personnel. This resulted in a wide variety of assorted pistols being issued including various Mauser, Sauer and Walther 7.65mm caliber pistols. Generally these supplementary pistols and holsters were only issued in limited quantities although personnel who had owned a privately purchased pistol could usually obtain permission to carry it in the field.

WW2 THE SOUND THAT KILLS WAR POSTER LOOSE LIPS

Lot #254 (Sale Order 335 of 952)

This genuine original poster, published by the Office of War Information, just after it was founded in 1942, is one of WWll's most famous posters. This cartoon demonstrates in a lively fashion how loose lips sink ships. The poster came from the estate of my grandfather, a WWll U.S. Navy captain. It measures 23" x 14 1/2 ." It remains in near-perfect condition, aside from the original mailing folds. It is, in effect, new, despite being 75 years old. This is NOT a reproduction.

WWII US THIS IS THE BLACK MARKET POSTER WW2

Lot #255 (Sale Order 336 of 952)

This Is The Black Market Poster measuring 19 X 29 inches showing in 5 steps how the Black Market works, 1) To trade, sell, or dispose of any American goods (PX or bought from U.S.) to any person not authorized to buy at Army sales stores. 2) To profiteer with U.S. goods beyond current price. 3) To exchange U.S. currency for Yen except through finance office. 4) To hoard U.S. goods not needed for personal use. 5) To ship out U.S. goods except films, prints, or used personal property. Poster is in near mint condition.

BOOKS ARE WEAPONS IN THE WAR OF IDEAS POSTER

Lot #256 (Sale Order 337 of 952)

STEVE BRODER (AMERICAN, 1906-1992) WORLD WAR II / WW2 WAR EFFORT POSTER, Office of War Information (OWI) poster No. 7, depicting German soldiers with Nazi insignia burning books, titled along bottom edge "BOOKS ARE WEAPONS IN THE WAR OF IDEAS", with additional text to book-form edifice in background, "Books cannot be killed by fire. People die, but books never die. No man and no force can put thought in a concentration camp forever. No man and no force can take from the world the books that embody man's eternal war against tyranny. In this war, we know that books are weapons. Franklin D. Roosevelt". Lettered to bottom right corner "U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 1942--O-487131" measuring 28 X 40 inches. Excellent

WWII ON ACCOUNT-A HITLER OUR MEAT IS LITTER POSTER

Lot #257 (Sale Order 338 of 952)

Cartoonist poster measuring 44 X 28 inches with the inscription "On Account-a Hitler Our Meat is litter" You're only helping those Axis Scamps When you don't play fair with little red stamps. and was published by the American Meat Institute. Finish loss to one corner otherwise MINT.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN GOLD FOR IRON RING LOT OF 3

Lot #258 (Sale Order 339 of 952)

Collection of three WW1 Imperial German Gold For Iron rings in excellent condition. WW1 GERMAN I GAVE GOLD FOR IRON RING 1914. Rare iron ring circa 1914. This was a ring made when gold was given to raise money for the treasury during World War I. Gold gab ich fur eisen translates to I gave gold for iron It is a patriotic symbol and a piece of social history. A woman would have given her gold wedding band and been given this iron ring in exchange. See similar ring at the Imperial Wars Museum in London. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN MEDAL LOT OF 7

Lot #259 (Sale Order 340 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German medal lot to include 1) CUT-OUT, SILVER WOUND BADGE, 1918. Die struck, hollow backed, cut-out, alloy construction badge with a silver wash. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval with an embossed, high relief, profile of a M16 pattern helmet superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base encompassed by an embossed oval laurel leaf wreath. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse. Pin and catch assembly are complete. Nice looking badge. 2) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1918. Die struck, hollow backed, steel construction badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval, which is more circular then the 1939 pattern WWII badges, with an embossed, high relief, profile of a M16 pattern helmet superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base encompassed by an embossed oval laurel leaf wreath. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse. Reverse of the badge is complete with its original hinge and pin & catch assembly. 3) COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR 1914/18. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbon. 4) COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR 1914/18. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbon. Maker marked 45 R.V. Pforzheim to the reverse 5) COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR 1914/18. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbon. Maker marked 4 R.V. Pforzheim to the reverse 6) COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR 1914/18. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of replacement new ribbon. Maker marked BCD to the reverse. 7) ROTES KREUZ BALL KOMITEE BADGE. Fine enameled work but missing the pin to the reverse.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOT OF 25 OVERSEAS CAP EAGLES WW2

Lot #260 (Sale Order 341 of 952)

WWII Nazi German collection of 25 overseas cap eagles in various states. Most have mothing to them but is not in the eagles but there are a few that does. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on their original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s. Also in the lot is a SIGNAL MECHANIC'S SLEEVE BADGE WITH SILVER BORDER. Machine embroidered Gothic "M" underlined with a horizontal "Blitz" lightning bolt, in golden yellow thread, on a 55mm diameter field-grey wool base with bullion piping. EM/NCO personnel holding the ranks of Schütze to Stabsfeldwebel inclusively who had achieved proficiency at a particular trade, specialty or function were distinguished, on successful completion of the appropriate training, by being issued a distinctive trade specialty badge that was most commonly worn on the lower right sleeve of the service tunic or field blouse with a few exceptions. The original trade badges were introduced in 1934 and were supplemented with additional badges right up to mid-1944. In all the German army utilized no fewer then twenty-eight assorted trade specialty badges. Some of the trades were only open to enlisted ranks while those open to NCO’s ranks were distinguished by the addition of a piping on the trade badge. Originally the trade badges were worked on a blue/green badge cloth base, but in early 1940 this was altered to a field-grey wool base or the appropriate color of the uniform it was to be worn on.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #261 (Sale Order 342 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 9 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #262 (Sale Order 343 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 9 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INFANTRY SHOULDER BOARDS LOT WW2

Lot #263 (Sale Order 344 of 952)

WWII Nazi German shoulder boards lot to include 1) WWII NAZI GERMAN EARLY INFANTRY SHOULDER BOARDS. Early, (circa November 1938-May 1940), second pattern, blue/green badge cloth construction, slip on shoulder straps with white wool waffenfarbe piping and 7 numeral button to each board. 2) INFANTRY UNTEROFFIZIER'S SHOULDER STRAPS. Early, (Circa November 1938-May 1940), second pattern, blue/green badge cloth construction, sew on shoulder straps with diamond patterned, NCO’s tress to all but the sew on ends and white wool waffenfarbe piping. 3) UNTERFELDWEBEL'S SHOULDER STRAPS. First pattern, (Circa September 1935-March 1939), blue/green badge construction slip on shoulder straps with a pointed tip, bright silver/aluminum, diamond patterned NCO’s tress to all ends and no waffenfarbe piping. Excellent. The first pattern shoulder straps utilized by EM/NCO’s during the Third Reich period were a carry over from the Reichswehr era and consisted of a pointed tip strap with no waffenfarben, (Branch of Service Color), piping. Originally the first pattern straps were constructed in basic field-grey wool until regulations of December 10TH 1934 altered the material to field-gray badge cloth. Regulations of September 10TH 1935 altered the construction of the field-grey badge cloth straps to a blue/green badge cloth. The first pattern straps were to be replaced with the introduction of the second pattern, rounded tip, shoulder straps with waffenfarbe piping on November 26TH 1938 and production of the first pattern was discontinued in March 1939. Due to the lack of the waffenfarbe piping on the first pattern shoulder straps the particular branch of service can not be determined unless the straps have had the regimental numeral embroidered in the branch of service color. Originally NCO ranks wore a bright silver/aluminum tress on the forward collar edge of the dress and service tunics, on the tropical and continental field blouses, as adornment on the shoulder straps and dress tunic cuffs and also as sleeve rank chevrons. On April 25TH 1940 a new subdued tress of matte blue/grey rayon was introduced for wear on the field uniform and a subdued golden tan rayon tress was introduced for wear on the tropical uniform. Although these new subdued tress’s were intended to replace the highly visible bright silver/aluminum tress it continued in usage until the end of the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE LUFTSCHUTZ INGINIA LOT 2

Lot #264 (Sale Order 345 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) AUXILIARY & SECURITY POLIZEI (SCHUMA) ARM BADGE. Roughly, 92mm tall, 82mm wide, vertically oval, machine woven black rayon base featuring a machine woven, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an elongated, angular, swastika and script: "Treue Tapfer Gehorsam", (Faithful, Valiant, Obedience), all in silver bullion threads. The insignia is still on its original field-gray rayon factory roll and is in overall, excellent, unissued condition. With the invasion of Russia on June 22ND 1941 the German army quickly occupied large tracts of territory resulting in ever extending rear areas that required policing to maintain order amongst the population and to secure open transportation and communication lines to the front. Originally the army had established small auxiliary police units for these purposes which were followed by SS action groups. The territories occupied proved to be too large for these small auxiliary units to police effectively which resulted in recruitment of local anti-communist personnel which were formed into Schuma, Schutzmannschaften, (Protection Troops), units in November 1941. The Schuma personnel fell under the control of the regional Höhere SS und Polizeiführer, (Higher SS and Police Leader). These Schuma personnel wore a wide variety of uniforms, headgear and insignia including surplus black Allgemeine-SS uniforms, and assorted field-grey and police green items. In June 1942 distinctive cap and sleeves emblems were introduced for Schuma personnel to distinguish them from Ordnungspolizei, (Order Police), personnel. 2) RLB/SHD/LSW LUFTSCHUTZ INSIGNIA. Machine woven, Luftschutz emblem in white threads on a woven, navy blue, rayon base. The insignia is in the form of stylized, spread, wings with a central, oak-leaf sprig and a canted, swastika positioned below a scripted banner, "Luftschutz". The wingspan is roughly, 90mm from tip to tip. Formed in late 1932 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband (German Air Protection League), was a voluntary organization designed to provide civil air raid protection in large civilian centers. Shortly after Hitler ascension to power the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was restructured and placed under the supervision of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Ministry of Aviation), under the control of Hermann Göring. On April 29TH 1933 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was renamed RLB, Reichs Luftschutz Bund, (National Air Raid Protection League), and was given status as an official, national, organization tasked with all aspects of civil air raid defence. The RLB remained a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid, full-time, uniformed, officials to oversee the organizations functions until June 1935 when obligatory service was introduced. The SHD, Sicherheits und Hilfs Dienst, (Security and Assistance Service), was formed in 1935 as a uniformed civilian organization under control of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Ministry of Aviation). The SHD worked in the civil air defence network with its primary functions being decontamination, fire fighting, rescue and repair and assisting civilian personnel and securing buildings following an air raid. Of Note: In 1939 the SHD began conscripting personnel and on March 19TH 1942 the organization was renamed Luftschutz-Polizei, (Air Protection Police), and came under control of the Ordnungspolizei, (Order Police). The LSW, Luftschutzwarndienst, (Air Raid Warning Service), was constituted in 1935 under control of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Ministry of Aviation), and was responsible for observation and analysis, of all aircraft especially, enemy bombers in German skies, and the eventual sounding of air raid warning alarms to alert the general public and the assorted civil air defense organizations of air raids. The LSW were also responsible for sounding the "all clear" signal. All three organizations worked in close cooperation with each other and all shared a common insignia that was worn on the upper left sleeve of some uniforms, on the right breast of other uniforms and as cap insignia and helmet decals.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LARGE PLATTER WEHRMACHT 1941

Lot #264a (Sale Order 346 of 952)

This is stone-ware porcelain that was produced for the Wehrmacht (military services); this one in particular for the Deutsches Heer (Army). Many of the major and minor porcelain firms in Germany made these before and during WWII. It is beautiful china in its own right and with its military markings. The big platter measures 16 x 10½ inches. The whole platter is sound and perfect. This is super-tough tableware piece to find. The year issued and shown is 1941.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE LIEUTENANT'S CAP WW2

Lot #265 (Sale Order 347 of 952)

This cap was brought back by Staff Sergeant Orton C. Misel Jr. of Company D. 329th Infantry, 83rd Division. ASN 35590591 and was captured at the Citadel at St. Servan. During fighting in late August and early September 1944, the historic walled city of Saint-Malo was almost totally destroyed by American shelling and bombing as well as British naval gunfire. The beaches of nearby Dinard had been heavily fortified against possible Allied commando raids. Artillery at the two locations provided mutual support. The fortification complex was garrisoned by more than twelve thousand German troops from different services and units as well as stragglers from other battles in the Cotentin. About eight thousand Germans were in Saint-Malo itself when the battle began. Colonel Andreas von Aulock, the German commander, refused to surrender when asked to do so by the town's authorities. He said he "would defend St. Malo to the last man even if the last man had to be himself". The first American attack was launched by the 83rd Infantry Division on 5 August 1944. German positions at Chateauneuf quickly fell. Cancale was abandoned and occupied by the Americans on the 6th. In the same way and on the same day, Dinan fell to Free French forces. The Germans shortened their lines and drew closer to the ancient citadel at St. Servan-sur-Mer, now reinforced with concrete. Effective German artillery emplacements on the island of Cezembre were out of reach of American ground forces. German garrisons on the Channel Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney were able to use small craft to bring in water and remove the wounded from the battle. On 13 August, the walled city was on fire and a short truce was declared to allow French civilians to flee the city. Outlying German positions at St. Ideuc and La Varde fell to infantry attacks. This fighting ended resistance on the north shore of the peninsula. Only the citadel remained. Surrounded by American artillery and under frequent air attack, this last holdout surrendered on the afternoon of 17 August. Cezembre surrendered on 2 September when the three-hundred-man garrison ran out of drinking water. The Americans had taken more than ten thousand prisoners during the two-week fight, von Aulock among them. Private-purchase cap; made of dark navy blue doeskin wool construction cap with black horizontally ribbed, with black mohair center band, with removable top. Top of crown edge and both top and bottom of center band are piped in the same navy blue doeskin wool. Internal wire crown stiffener has been removed but with internal vertical stiffener to the front center and heavy internal padding is intact -- giving the cap a relaxed shape with high center forward peak. Front center of the cap has a hand embroidered national eagle in gilt wire threads mounted on a cutout navy blue wool base. Front center of center band has hand embroidered oak leaf wreath, also in gilt wire threads, encompassing a national tricolor cockade in black and silver wire threads. Inserted red felt centerpiece. Both pieces of the insignia are original, hand-stitched to the cap. Cap has black patent leather chinstrap with two sliding length adjustment loops and metal snap retainer, all intact. Chinstrap is secured to cap by two small fire gilded magnetic sheet metal buttons. Chinstrap retaining buttons have horizontally ribbed background filled with embossed fouled anchor and simulated twist-rope outer edge. Visor has wool felt covering accented with single row of scalloped gold bullion wire thread border along the brim. Interior of the cap is in blue rayon and chinstrap fully intact. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE FLAG w/ HISTORY WW2

Lot #266 (Sale Order 348 of 952)

This flag was brought back by Staff Sergeant Orton C. Misel Jr. of Company D. 329th Infantry, 83rd Division. ASN 35590591 and was captured at the Citadel at St. Servan. During fighting in late August and early September 1944, the historic walled city of Saint-Malo was almost totally destroyed by American shelling and bombing as well as British naval gunfire. The beaches of nearby Dinard had been heavily fortified against possible Allied commando raids. Artillery at the two locations provided mutual support. The fortification complex was garrisoned by more than twelve thousand German troops from different services and units as well as stragglers from other battles in the Cotentin. About eight thousand Germans were in Saint-Malo itself when the battle began. Colonel Andreas von Aulock, the German commander, refused to surrender when asked to do so by the town's authorities. He said he "would defend St. Malo to the last man even if the last man had to be himself". The first American attack was launched by the 83rd Infantry Division on 5 August 1944. German positions at Chateauneuf quickly fell. Cancale was abandoned and occupied by the Americans on the 6th. In the same way and on the same day, Dinan fell to Free French forces. The Germans shortened their lines and drew closer to the ancient citadel at St. Servan-sur-Mer, now reinforced with concrete. Effective German artillery emplacements on the island of Cezembre were out of reach of American ground forces. German garrisons on the Channel Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney were able to use small craft to bring in water and remove the wounded from the battle. On 13 August, the walled city was on fire and a short truce was declared to allow French civilians to flee the city. Outlying German positions at St. Ideuc and La Varde fell to infantry attacks. This fighting ended resistance on the north shore of the peninsula. Only the citadel remained. Surrounded by American artillery and under frequent air attack, this last holdout surrendered on the afternoon of 17 August. Cezembre surrendered on 2 September when the three-hundred-man garrison ran out of drinking water. The Americans had taken more than ten thousand prisoners during the two-week fight, von Aulock among them. This Kriegsmarine flag shows obvious heavy signs of wear but it still has a lot going for it. Such as hardly seldom encountered multi piece construction and being completely sewn verses being a printed flag. On the outside band of the swastika is a thinker and slightly metallic bullion thread to really make it stand out. Also with the listing is a hand written note that S/Sgt. Misel wrote about where he captured the flag. The note reads as followed "This 6x9 German Flag was taken from a military headquarters at the waters edge in St. Servan Aug. 13 1944 during the seige of the Citadel. Action described on page 44 of the 329th book". Good. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP AWNING FLAG OR BANNER WW2

Lot #266a (Sale Order 349 of 952)

A large unusual multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 102 X 50 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a sewn on mobile swastikas in black. The most unusual thing about this flag is there are rings sewn to the center almost like for an awning but I do not know the true reason for the unusual style of craftsmanship. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MOUNTAIN TROOPER'S WINTER ANORAK

Lot #267 (Sale Order 350 of 952)

Early, three quarter length, light weight white cotton construction , non-reversible, pull-over, snow camouflage anorak features a short, vertical, V-neck slash with five pair of alloy lace grommets and a white drawstring. The V-neck slash has an underlying, wind flap panel with a single button hole and a corresponding button to the interior. The anorak has three horizontally aligned patch pockets running across the upper breast. The two side pockets feature reversed box pleats while the central pocket is non-pleated and all three pockets have scalloped button down flaps. The anorak has a tunnel looped fit adjustment drawstring positioned horizontally at the waistline. The drawstring is only accessible from the interior. The anorak has straight cut, dual-ply hemmed, sleeve cuffs with three, small, vertical tapering darts and a horizontal fit adjustment straps, steel gripper buckles are missing. The anorak has an integral hood with a tunnel looped drawstring to the forward edge with two corresponding alloy grommets. The bottom edge of the tail skirt has a dual-ply hem. The interior of the anorak has a unique, vertical, securing strap machine stitched to the lower reverse tail skirt. The securing strap has four stitched button eyelets with a corresponding button positioned on the interior lower front tail skirt. The securing strap was designed to go between the wearers legs and affix to the button on the interior front tail skirt. The interior reverse back panel also has an additional button designed to hold the securing strap out of the way when not in use. The interior of the hood is well marked with black size inkstamps. The anorak is in overall near mint condition with light age and usage toning. The buttons are all the molded white paper type and have their original stitching. The anoraks were cut large enough to fit over the standard uniform and this example would fit a roughly 44" chest. Near perfect. Due to their role in the potentially snowy mountainous regions Mountain troop personnel were issued a winter camouflage wind blouse as early as 1938, but other branches of service were not outfitted with any winter camouflage garments. The severe cold encountered on the Russian front in the winter of 1941 found the Germans completely unprepared not only in heat retaining cold weather garments but also snow camouflage garments. This resulted in numerous, hastily improvised and makeshift heat retaining and snow camouflage items being utilized including everything from civilian winter clothing to white bed sheets. After the winter of 1941 the Oberkommando des Wehrmacht, (High Command of the Armed Forces), recognized the need for heavier winter clothing and testing began in the spring of 1942 to develop suitable garments. In April 1942 Hitler approved the chosen design, and the first models were issued in the autumn of that year, in the reversible blue/grey/white colorations, which was modified to camouflage pattern/white combinations in 1943. Included with these new garments were heavy, padded, reversible winter suits which consisted of a parka, pants, hoods and mittens. Although the suits proved quite effective they were very difficult to keep clean and launder which resulted in the use of easily washable, light weight, white snow camouflage shirts and two piece uniforms that were to be worn over the heavy padded uniforms to keep them clean and still provide suitable camouflage. Originally these lightweight snow camouflage uniforms were officially introduced exclusively for Mountain troops in late 1941 or early 1942 but they were soon issued to personnel in all branches of service by 1943. The earliest models of these uniforms were produced in a white fabric which was soon altered to a reversible white/green or field-gray model. Of Note: The winter garments were a standard issue item and were distributed to EM/NCO’s for the winter season, (September 15TH to April 15TH), with other winter garments and were to be returned to the units storage depot at the end of the season for reissue the following year.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA LOT

Lot #268 (Sale Order 351 of 952)

Includes a Bevo Heer chest eagle, two collector market pins from a German pith helmet, a War Merit cross, a NSDAP button with the original tag intact, a Blue hilfsparteitag token, and more. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN DRESS BAYONET W KNOT & STAG GRIPS

Lot #269 (Sale Order 352 of 952)

WWII Nazi German dress bayonet with frog and scabbard and green & silver knot. The mortise button and lock work well, and the original red felt remains in the rifle slot. The stag plates have the offset rivets characteristic of the E. Pack firm. The nuts are intact on the reverse. The scabbard is straight and has about 95% of it's original paint. The short blade is a beauty, with a stepped end and a narrow fuller. It remains in near mint condition The reverse of the blade is marked E. Pack & Sohne Solingen. The original black blade buffer is in place.

3- WWII NAZI GERMAN DRESS BAYONETS 1 ENGRAVED

Lot #270 (Sale Order 353 of 952)

Lot of 3 World War II Nazi German M1940 dress bayonets with scabbards and leather frogs. 2 also have portepees / knots of green and silver braid. One ius marked Robert Klass Solingen at the ricasso, one is marked Carl Eickhorn, and one is unsigned but has electro-penned engraving on the blade reading "Zur Erinerung am die Dientszeit 37/39 Hedl" on one side and Gg. Fenzel 6. / Y.R. 104 Speger a/Rh" on the other side. Very good blades measuring approximately 7.5" with 10.5" overall length. Two of the frogs are very worn, and one of the scabbards is missing approximately 50% of the original finish. Very Good - Excellent

2 M1940 WWII NAZI GERMAN DRESS BAYONETS

Lot #271 (Sale Order 354 of 952)

Pair of WWII Nazi German dress bayonets. One is a rare variant with 3 rivets in the handguards. with King and Knight logo at the ricasso. The other is marked WKC at the ricasso. Both measure approximately 7.8" at the blade and 10.2" overall length. Both have black painted metal scabbards. Brown leather frog is badly worn, black leather frog exhibits wear and age and dryness. Good - Very Good

3- EARLY IMPERIAL GERMAN BAYONETS & SCABBARDS

Lot #272 (Sale Order 355 of 952)

Lot includes an Imperial German Model 1884/98 Bayonet first pattern, a Model 1884/98 third pattern, and a German Fireman's dress bayonet. Condition varies. Longest measures 10" blade, 14.2" overall. 1884 bayonets both have leather frogs, fireman's bayonet does not. Very Good

3- WWI IMPERIAL GERMAN & TURKISH BAYONETS & FROGS

Lot #273 (Sale Order 356 of 952)

Lot of 3 WWI era German and Turkish bayonets with frogs & scabbards. Includes a German M1898/05 Turkish modified fullere-d blade bayonet with a diagonal grooved wood grip and a metal scabbard; a Gernam M1914 bayonet with scabbard & Frogs which is marked Bayard and maker marked by Gottlieb Hammeresfahr at the ricasso with smooth wood grips; and a German Ersatz bayonet Model 1915 with Bavarian style grooves in the blade, leather frog, and round frog stud. Condition varies. Good - Very Good

3- WWI IMPERIAL GERMAN BAYONETS QUILLBACK + DRESS

Lot #274 (Sale Order 357 of 952)

Lot of 3 WWI era Imperial German bayonets. Includes a Model 1896 Quillback bayonet with Regimental markings at the cross guard, WK & C hallmark and Crown W proof, measuring approximately 20.6" at the blade., Also includes a German Dress bayonet and a German Ersatz bayonet. All three have considerable age wear and none of them have sheathes or scabbards. Good - Very Good

3- M1916 IMPERIAL GERMAN ERSATZ BAYONES

Lot #275 (Sale Order 358 of 952)

Lot of 3 German M1916 Ersatz bayonets. Includes a crown-proofed black metal bayonet, a scarce Israeli modified bayonet with Israeli proofs on the scabbard (the scabbard doesn't quite fit on this one because the throat of the scabbard is too loose), and another M1916 ersatz bayonet. All three include scabbards. All three measure approximately 9.8" at the blade and 14.6" overall. Some show heavy wear. Good - Very Good

3- M1916 IMPERIAL GERMAN ERSATZ BAYONETS

Lot #276 (Sale Order 359 of 952)

Lot of 3 WWI Imperial German M1916 Ersatz bayonets, each one with a slight variation in construction. All three have green paint in varying conditions. One has a fullere'd blade, a round frog stud, and is unmarked; one has a two-piece guard and is also unmarked, and unfullered, and the third is unfullered with a 3/4 muzzle ring and has a "Crown R" mark at the ricasso. All three measure approximately 9.8" at the blades and 14.6" in overall length. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN GESTAPO POLICE HALT SIGN WW2

Lot #277 (Sale Order 360 of 952)

2 sided round metal sign with wooden handle & measures approx. 7 1/2" in diameter X 24 1/4 is in excellent overall condition with the handle being marked Waffen SS. RARE!

WWII NAZI GERMAN FLAPOLE TOP SPIKE

Lot #277a (Sale Order 361 of 952)

Cast aluminum flagpole topper with sharp point. Measures approximately 10" tall and features a WWII Nazi German Heer Army eagle. Shows light wear and age. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD INSIGNIA

Lot #277b (Sale Order 362 of 952)

Flat Reichsarbeitsdienst or RAD insignia. Unmarked. Appears to have come off a sign or wall -- likely a war souvenir from a GI. Measures approximately 8" x 8" Shows light scuffing and wear and age. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS VISOR CAP SKULL 1ST PATTERN

Lot #278 (Sale Order 363 of 952)

First pattern, (Circa 1923-1934), silver washed, stamped alloy construction Imperial Prussian Danziger style skull, with no bottom jaw, superimposed over crossed bones. The skull features two rows of teeth, oval eye cut-outs, a triangular nose cut-out and embossed cranium detailing. The skull retains about 80% of its silver wash with spots of wear to the base alloy. The hollow backed reverse is a mirror image of the obverse and both soldered attachment prongs are intact. The Allgemeine-SS, (General-SS), was originally formed in May 1923 as the Stosstrupp Adolf Hitler (Shock Troops Adolf Hitler), and was redesignated Schutzstaffel, (Protection Squad), in April 1925 with the official acceptance of the name verified on the second anniversary of the failed Munich "Beer-Hall" Putsch on November 9TH 1925. On January 6TH 1929 Heinrich Himmler was appointed as Reichsführer-SS, (National Leader {of the} SS), and on July 20TH 1934 shortly after the, June 30TH 1934, purge of the SA ,Sturm Abteilung, (Storm Troopers), on the "Night of the Long Knives", the SS was rewarded by Hitler by being granted the status of an independent organization under direct control of the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party). Originally members of the fledgling SS had no official uniform or headgear until April 1925 when they adopted, what was to become known as the, "Tradition Uniform" and personnel were outfitted with the same brown shirt uniform and kepi as the SA,. In 1923 the Stabswache (Headquarter Guards), was the first SS unit to adopt the old Imperial Danziger style Totenkopf, (Death’s Head), to be worn on their headgear. The Danziger style Totenkopf can be traced back to at least the early 1800's when it was utilized on the busby style caps of the 1ST and 2ND Prussian Leib-Husaren Regiments. In November 1925 personnel of the newly formed SS adopted a black Kepi to distinguish them from their SA counterparts and in 1927 the SS were the first to adopted the national eagle insignia for wear on their headgear. In 1932, the first black SS service visor caps were introduced for wear to replace the kepi as the standard headgear for all ranks. Originally, SS personnel wore the Danziger style skull and the political 1927 pattern national eagle on their visor caps. In an attempt to distance themselves from the SA, the SS introduced a new pattern cap skull to replace the previously used Danziger style skull on October 6TH 1934 and in February 1936 a new SS pattern national cap eagle was introduced. Both these pieces of insignia were worn through-out the war. Of Note: The RZM, Reichzeugmeisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster), was official founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for the Party met required specification and were standardized. Starting in late 1934 items manufactured for the SS came under the quality control of the RZM and were marked with a RZM/SS approval/acceptance mark. In 1943 the Waffen-SS assumed full control over their uniform item production and no longer fell under the authority of the RZM.

WWII NAZI ADMINISTRATIVE GENERAL SHOULDER BOARD

Lot #279 (Sale Order 364 of 952)

Slip on shoulder board of interwoven matte gold/silver Russian braid with a fine dark green tick within the inner silver braids and a gilt washed, stamped alloy, overlapping, stylized, "HV", cypher indicating Heeres Verwaltung, (Army Administration), and a single rank pip indicating the rank of Generalleutnant on a red badge cloth nebenfarbe base with green wool waffenfarbe. The nebenfarbe, (secondary color). The secondary color is sandwiched between the Russian braid and the blue/green badge cloth base and is just visible at the sides. The shoulder board has it's narrow blue/green badge cloth retaining tongue intact. Excellent The German army had a tradition, dating from the 1700's, of maintaining a separate branch of Administrative Official’s attached to the army to oversee all administrative functions, thus freeing up active army Officer’s and allowing them to concentrate on actual military matters. The Official’s were responsible for a wide variety of administrative tasks from Court Martial, Librarian, Supply, Technical and Meteorological Services, to School, Barracks, and Hospital administration. Most officials careers consisted of four varying grades, of high, elevated, medium and low grade with slightly differing identifying insignia for each grade. The grade of the career was determined by the education and/or experience of the individual. During the Reichswehr era the officials were divided into military and civilian personnel until December 22ND 1934 when the German High Command did away with the differentiation and consolidate all the officials into the newly formed Wehrmachtbeamte-Heer, (Armed Forces Officials-Army). Regulations of March 12TH 1937 reorganized the Officials and instituted the new Beamte auf Kriegsdauer a.K., (Wartime Official’s for the duration of the war), to be activated in times of mobilization. Originally the uniformed Official’s were allotted an identifying dark green branch of service color, (waffenfarbe), with a nebenfarbe, (secondary color), to indicate their actual career. Regulations of March 21ST 1940, replaced the assorted nebenfarbe colors with a secondary color of light grey for all Officials regardless of career or function. These shoulder boards signify an army official with the equivalent rank of Major. Of Note: Dark green was the branch of service color utilized by all army official’s with the secondary color indicating the actual function of the official. Over twenty-four assorted official positions used red or crimson as the secondary color making it virtually impossible to identify the function with any accuracy. Also Of Note: In January 1944 the Army instituted a new career for officers and certain officials, entitled, TSD, "Truppensonderdienst", (Special Service). This new career used light blue waffenfarbe and did away with secondary colors as worn by Officials in the other careers. On May 1ST 1944 all high grade career Administrative officials were transferred to the TSD.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NAVAL PHOTO ALBUM MEDALS & TODT

Lot #280 (Sale Order 365 of 952)

Impressive 1930's and 1940's photo album the the ship and crew of the German ship Oceana. Album contains 47 candid photos of her and her crew. Several photos of Kommandant of the SS. Albert Ballin of which this album probably belonged to. There is also a candid photo of Fritz Todt. The German passenger ship OCEANA, seen here in the mid 1930's painted and dressed up as a workers passenger ship of the German National Socialist state-operated leisure organization Kraft durch Freude (Strength through Joy); please note the stylized swastikas on both smokestacks. Oceana was a relatively long-lasting ship. Sailing under 7 different flags, bearing 7 different names, she plied the 7 seas for 50 years. Originally launched on 5 Dec 1912 by the Bremer Vulcan A.G., Bremen-Vegesack, as the German passenger ship SIERRA SALVADA (8227 GRT / 4982 NET / 8800 NRT), yard number 560, for the North German Lloyd, she was commissioned on 1 March 1913 for the South America passenger service. The ship was driven by two 4-cyl. III-exp. steam engines with 4200 HP, and had a service speed of 13 kn. She had a crew of 160 and a capacity of 189 passengers and 1200 emigrants. With the outbreak of World War I, the ship was laid up on 1 Aug 1914 at Rio de Janeiro in neutral Brazil, but seized by Brazilian authorities on 1 June 1917, when Brazil entered the war against Germany. She was renamed AVARÉ for Lloyd Brasileiro and used on the route Brazil to Hamburg after the war. On 16 June 1922 she capsized in the Vulcan yard dock at Hamburg, sadly with 39 fatalities. Avaré was rightened up on 7 Sept 1922, laid up, and repaired in 1923. In July 1924 sold to the German company Viktor Schuppe, Stettin, and renamed PEER GYNT for cruises with a capacity of 284 passengers. In 1925 employed in the Mediterranean Sea, the company was not very successful, and the vessel was sold in December 1926 to Italy to Sitmar Nav. Soc., Trieste, and renamed NEPTUNIA. Already on 2 Sept 1927 resold to Germany, she was commissioned by the Hamburg-America Line as OCEANA, with a new tonnage of 8791 GRT after being coverted into a cruise ship in 1928. Since 1935 she operated for the KdF-organization with a capacity of 700 passengers, doing cruises to Norway, Madeira and Genoa. In June 1939 she carried German legionnaires of the Condor Legion back home to Germany. With the outbreak of World War II on 1 Sept 1939, the ship was requisitioned by the German Navy (Kriegsmarine) as a barrack ship, and laid inoperational in Gdynia (Gotenhafen), later in Stettin (Szczecin). In the last months of the war, the Oceana was used for evacuating German civilians from East Prussia, and arrived at Flensburg on 31 Jan 1945 with over 1000 naval personnel and refugees aboard. In May 1945 she was seized there by British authorities and commissioned on 22 June 1945 as EMPIRE TARNE for housing German internees of other ships in the Firth of Forth. During the return voyage to Hamburg, on 13 Oct 1945, Empire Tarne fouled a mine near Heligoland in 54.00N 07.52E, and sustained some damages. She was towed to Hamburg and laid up. On 21 June 1946 Soviet authorities asked the vessel to be handed over to the USSR as a war reparation, so she was stricken from the British naval list, and on 11 Jan 1948 moved to Warnemünde, East Germany, for repairs and conversion, i.a. she got an ice strengthening. Under her new name SIBIR, she left Warnemünde on 22 June 1948 for the Far East, arriving at Vladivostok in October 1948 for service in the Far East State Shipping Company. With the Sibir, the USSR got a quite good vessel, as she was in a fairly good state, without being damaged in the war years, aside from the mine hit in 1945. Sibir travelled between Vladivostok and Nikolaevsk-na-Amure, and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky for the following 14 years. In the fall of 1962 the Sibir was withdrawn from active service and broken up in 1963 at Vladivostok. Fritz Todt (4 September 1891 – 8 February 1942), was a German construction engineer and senior Nazi, who rose from the position of "Inspector General for German Roadways", where he directed the construction of the German Autobahns (Reichsautobahnen), to become the Reich Minister for Armaments and Ammunition. From that position he directed the entire German wartime military economy. At the beginning of World War II he initiated what Hitler named Organisation Todt, a military-engineering company, which supplied industry with forced labor and administered construction of the Nazi concentration camps in the late phase of Nazi Germany. Todt died in a mysterious aircraft crash in 1942.

PAIR WWII ERA GERMAN SKULL CRUCIFIXES

Lot #280a (Sale Order 366 of 952)

Pair of early Germanic Catholic crucifixes with Skull and Crossbones below the feet of Jesus Christ. Sometimes militaria dealers attempt to sell these as having some connection to the SS or Totenkopf, but the skull and bones is a very early Christian symbol similar to the "Memento Mori" epitaphs on early American gravestones. The traditional meaning of this is to remind the faithful that they must die some day, and must answer to God.. This meaning became less symbolic and more urgent to the average frontline combat soldier during World War Ii and these were very populer totems to be carried by German soldiers throughout World War I and World War II. Rosary beads remain attached to the smaller of the two. Larger one measures 7" tall. Both exhibit wear and age. Very Good

WWII US ARMY 1st PATTERN 10th MOUNTAIN TROUSERS

Lot #281 (Sale Order 367 of 952)

Olive drab wool enlisted issue ski trousers with pleated front, inset rear pockets with button flaps, side pockets with zipper closures, three-button waistband closure and zipper fly, pegged ankles with reinforcements on the knees and buttocks. Trousers are size 30X29 and are in beautiful condition and would be difficult to upgrade with readable manufacturer's label by William F. Fretz & Son, and are dated June 23rd 1941. World War II The 10th Light Division (Alpine) was constituted on 10 July 1943 and activated five days later at Camp Hale under the command of Brigadier General Lloyd E. Jones. At the time, the division had a strength of 8,500 out of the 16,000 planned, so the military transferred troops from the 30th, 31st, and 33rd Infantry Divisions to fill out the remainder of the division. This lowered morale and the division faced many difficulties in the new training, which had no established army doctrine. The 10th Light Division was centered on regimental commands; the 85th, 86th, and 87th Infantry Regiments. Also assigned to the division were the 604th, 605th, and 616th Field Artillery battalions, the 110th Signal Company, the 710th Ordnance Company, the 10th Quartermaster Company, the 10th Reconnaissance Troop, the 126th Engineer Battalion, the 10th Medical Battalion, and the 10th Counter-Intelligence Detachment. The 10th Light Division was unique in that it was the only division in the army with three field artillery battalions instead of four. It was equipped with vehicles specialized in snow operation, such as the M29 Weasel, and winter weather gear, such as white camouflage and skis specifically designed for the division. The division practiced its rock climbing skills in preparation for the invasion of Italy on the challenging peaks of Seneca Rocks in West Virginia. On 22 June 1944, the division was shipped to Camp Swift, Texas to prepare for maneuvers in Louisiana, which were later canceled. A period of acclimation to a low altitude and hot climate was necessary to prepare for this training. On 6 November 1944, the 10th Division was redesignated the 10th Mountain Division. That same month, the blue and white "Mountain" tab was authorized for the division's new shoulder sleeve insignia. Italy The division, now commanded by Major General George Price Hays, sailed for Italy in two parts, with the 86th Infantry and support leaving Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia on 11 December 1944 aboard the SS Argentina and arriving in Naples, Italy on 22 December. The 85th and 87th Infantry left Hampton Roads, Virginia on 4 January 1945 aboard the SS West Point and arrived on 13 January 1945. By 6 January, its support units were preparing to head to the front lines. It was attached to Major General Willis D. Crittenberger's IV Corps, part of the American Fifth Army, under Lieutenant General Lucian Truscott. By 8 January, the 86th Infantry had moved to Bagni di Lucca near Mount Belvedere in preparation for an offensive by the Fifth Army to capture the mountain along with surrounding high ground, which allowed the Axis to block advances to Po Valley. Starting 14 January, the division began moving to Pisa as part of the Fifth Army massing for this attack. By 20 January, all three of the 10th's regiments were on or near the front line between the Serchio Valley and Mt. Belvedere. Col. Raymond C. Barlow commanded the 85th Regiment, Col. Clarence M. Tomlinson the 86th, and Col. David M. Fowler the 87th. Preliminary defensive actions in mid February were followed by Encore Operation, a series of attacks in conjunction with troops of the 1st Brazilian Infantry Division, to dislodge the Germans from their artillery positions in the Northern Apennines on the border between Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna regions, in order to make possible the Allied advance over the Po Valley. While the Brazilian division was in charge of taking Monte Castello and Castelnuovo di Vergato, the 10th Mountain Division was responsible for the Mount Belvedere area, climbing nearby Riva Ridge during the night of 18 February and attacking mount Della Torraccia on 20 February. These peaks were cleared after four days of heavy fighting, as Axis troops launched several counterattacks in these positions. In early March, the division fought its way north of Canolle and moving to within 15 miles (24 km) of Bologna. On 5 March, while Brazilian units captured Castelnuovo, the 85th and the 87th Infantry took respectively Mound Della Spe and Castel D'Aiano, cutting the Axis routes of resupply and communication into the Po Valley, setting the stage for the next Fifth Army offensive. The division maintained defensive positions in this area for three weeks, anticipating a counteroffensive by the German forces. The division resumed its attack on 14 April, attacking Torre Iussi and Rocca Roffeno to the north of Mount Della Spe. On 17 April, it broke through the German defenses, which allowed it to advance into the Po Valley area.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SA GRUPPENFÜHRER COLLAR TAB SET

Lot #282 (Sale Order 368 of 952)

The SA Gruppenführer’s collar tab set is constructed from crimson wool with three, hand embroidered oak-leaves with tree small acorns. Twisted, bright, silver/aluminum cord piping and is mounted on a tan buckram bases. MINT still sewn together. The SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), was originally formed in the August 1921 as a protective guard unit for the political leaders of the fledgling NSDAP, National Sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter Partei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), and as with the NSDAP the SA was structure along para-military lines. The SA recruited most of its personnel from the ranks of the various Freikorps, (Free Corps), groups composed mainly of disgruntled, ex-WWI soldiers and was first utilized in it’s capacity as body guards of NSDAP politicians at a NSDAP meeting in Munich in November 1921. In November 1926 the NSDAP and the SA adopted the brown shirt "Traditions", uniform and a series of collar tabs were established to identify the unit and the rank/position of the wearer. By 1933 the collar tabs of the SA were relatively stabilized and underwent minor modifications in 1934, 1938/39 and 1940/41. The post-1933 modifications were mostly related to coloration alterations although a few rank alterations were also enacted. Generally the collar tabs for the ranks of SA-Sturmmann to SA-Obersturmbannführer denoted the wearer’s unit by a numeral and color combination on the left hand side and the individual’s rank by a series of pips and/or tress on the right hand side. The higher ranks of SA-Standartenführer up to and including SA-Stabschef wore the rank collar tabs in matching pairs. The higher ranks serving with the Oberste SA-Führungs, (SA Headquarters Staff), utilized crimson based collar tabs while those serving as a Führer SA-Gruppe, (SA Group Leader), utilized red based collar tabs. This example consists of both the right hand side rank collar tabs for the rank of SA-Gruppenführer serving as a Führer SA-Gruppe. Of Note: The RZM, Reich Zeug Meisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster), was officially founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA ,Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, including the SA, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for the Party met required specification and were standardized.

WWII NAZI GERMAN METAL DESK OR TABLE SWASTIKA WW2

Lot #283 (Sale Order 369 of 952)

Large metallic canted swastika made from a very low magnetic metal measuring 7 inches tall and being very heavy, about 10 pounds. I think this was produced is a Aircraft factory by a very talented machinist. The base of the piece measures 4 3/4 X 4 3/4 inches and is in excellent condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PATRIOTIC LUCITE POLITICAL BROOCH

Lot #284 (Sale Order 370 of 952)

WWII Nazi political pendant or pin made of Lucite. pendant measures roughly 4 inches in total length and most certainly is made from an aircraft windshield. The top piece looks certainly Art Deco and probably taken from a ladies watch pendant chain meant to be worn on her blouse.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SINGLE DECAL M40 HELMET

Lot #285 (Sale Order 371 of 952)

Described by the consignor as a "Russian Combat Retrieval" helmet, this helmet exhibits a green color paint with wear and a left-side Heer decal. Liner and chinstrap appear to be original. Shows honest combat wear and age. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE SUMMER FLIGHT HELMET

Lot #286 (Sale Order 372 of 952)

Nice quality five panel, tan linen construction summer flight helmet with integral communications equipment sheet metal molded Bakelite and brown leather fittings and a brushed green rayon lining. Size 55. Avionics assembly is complete and still in supple condition. Nice lightly worn and used example. With the advent of military aircraft in WWI most of the early pilots soon discovered that appropriate protective headgear was a necessity due to the cold and the all too frequent occurrence of oil leaking into the slipstream and covering the pilot. Originally the German military was caught unprepared and no specific headgear or uniforms for pilots were available. This resulted in the pilots utilizing commercially produced motor car helmets. These tight fitting, soft leather helmets proved to be ideal and future flight helmets were basically modified versions of the early motor car helmets. During WWII the Luftwaffe utilized no fewer then ten slightly different models of flight helmets with the main modifications being helmets issued for summer or winter wear and helmets with or without integral radio communication fittings. The LKpS101 model helmet was designed for summer wear and was outfitted with radio equipment as used by fighter pilots and bomber commanders. The LKpS101 model helmet was basically identical to the earlier LKpS100 model but with improved communications equipment.

WWII NAZI SOUVENIR INSIGNIA LOT SA SS NSDAP BADGES

Lot #287 (Sale Order 373 of 952)

WWII GI assembled souvenir of medals pins and badges and have been mounted on a horse hair backpack section. Pins to include two Luftwaffe 2nd model cap eagles, Luftwaffe enlisted cap wreath, NSDAP party pin, Hitler Youth membership badge, NSDAP 1933 Nuremberg Rally Badge, Center piece to an early SS or SA Gorget, Tag Der Arbeit 1935 Tinnie, RADwJ personnel service brooch, WHW tinnie, Jingling Johnny six pointed star, WHW tinnie, Austrian 1914-1918 medal, Stadtsparkasse Tinnie, 1939 pattern SA / Political visor cap eagle, Wehrmacht cap wreath with cockade, 1939 pattern SA / Political visor cap eagle, 3rd Army patch. All insignia retains their original pins. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE CASED STROBOSKOP WW2

Lot #288 (Sale Order 374 of 952)

This is a very rare piece of German Luftwaffe militaria. This is a cased Stroboskop device was used by the Luftwaffe to measure and calibrate the speed of their propellers to their gauges. The device can be wound up and set so as to make the appearance of the spinning object through the viewfinder seem static, and an rpm (U/min) reading can be taken of said moving object. This is a rare survivor, particularly in this working condition, with minimal to no wear still retaining the original manual for the device.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICERS BOOTS

Lot #289 (Sale Order 375 of 952)

Superb quality tall blackened leather construction boots are roughly 48cm tall from the top of the heel to the top of the back calf section. The boots have a machine stitched central vertical seam to the reverse. The boots have stacked leather heels and forward soles. Nice large size, roughly an 11. Very good Besides the helmet, the tall, blackened leather boot is probably one of the most instantly recognizable items of the German military. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms including footwear and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army's Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO's could choose to purchase their footwear from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase footwear of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their footwear from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately manufactured footwear although the price may have been restrictive. Of Note: The German's concern with leather shortages was evident as early as September 1939 when issue of the traditional tall leather marching boot was restricted to personnel serving in the field. Regulations in November 1939 shortened the tall leather marching boot in an attempt to conserve leather. Additional regulations in August 1940, introduced the canvas gaiters to be worn with the short lace up ankle boots, and issued to all second line troops in a further effort to conserve leather. By 1941 the short lace up ankle boots and gaiters were issued to all new recruits in place of the marching boot as a cost and leather saving technique. By 1943 with increased leather shortages the gaiter's and lace up ankle boots were issued in ever larger quantities and production of the tall marching boots was discontinued altogether.

WWII NAZI GERMAN COMBAT AWARD BADGE LOT OF 5

Lot #290 (Sale Order 376 of 952)

WWII Nazi German badge lot including 1) Iron Cross 1st Class. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika stands out in nice, high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered block type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical "Coke " bottle, pin but missing catch. Unmarked. 2) Iron Cross 2nd Class. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Maker marked 24 indicating the maker Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Hanauer Plakettenhersteller, Hanau. 3) Silver Wound Badge maker marked L/65 indicating the maker Klein & Quenzer A.G. Idar-Oberstein. 4) General Assault Badge. Die struck, solid backed, zinc construction award with a silver finish. The nicely detailed badge features a cut-out, high relief Wehrmacht styled eagle with down-swept wings positioned above a crossed bayonet and stick grenade, and encompassed by an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath. Complete pin but missing catch. 5) Kriegsmarine Minesweepers Badge. Solid backed, zinc construction badge. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a national eagle, with outstretched wings, clutching a canted swastika superimposed to the top center, encompassing horizontal waves and a cut-out, vertical, exploding, water funnel. Complete pin and catch assembly. Nice!

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP ID VEHICLE FLAG WW2

Lot #291 (Sale Order 377 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 37 x 28 inches. To both its red fields are sewn an white disks with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall excellent condition with a single rivet to each corner for the ability to attach to captured vehicles to avoid friendly fire. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL BANNER FLAG WW2

Lot #292 (Sale Order 378 of 952)

A large multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 65 X 53 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a sewn on mobile swastikas in black. There is a tunnel loop to each end. Excellent Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WW2 HAND CARVED HITLER HINDENBURG BISMARCK PLAQUE

Lot #293 (Sale Order 379 of 952)

Here is an incredible hand-carved wooden plaque depicting the artist’s conception of the three German leaders of the century: Adolf Hitler, chancellor and supreme leader of Germany 1933-1945 — “der Führer” Grand Field Marshal von Hindenburg, Germany’s president and hero of WWI; he reigned as Germany’s hero personified after the Great War. Otto Leopold von Bismarck, Germany’s “Iron Chancellor” who with Hindenburg brought about German unity in 1870 after the defeat of Napoleon III. The artwork is superlative indeed and here we have a significant piece of twentieth-century history in wood. Remember, the art world of realism concurs that to create realistic subjects in wood carving, especially faces, is infinitely more difficult than painting a portrait. The carving measures 27 ½ x 13 ½ inches and is about 2-3 inches thick. It is signed by the artist underneath: W. Meyer. The figures we estimate through historic extrapolation were probably carved in 1933, the year of the Machtergreifung (“seizure of power”). Hitler and the NSDAP celebrated this period of subliminal joy in the fatherland and it began a period where his image was presented by practically all the artists of Deutschland in paintings, bronzes, busts, glass images, tapestries, medallions, and in wood carvings by some of the masters of the art, and this magnificent carving that we offer is a great example of that special artistic achievement. It is a wonderful representation of “The Spirit of the Age,” “die Heldenzeit!”

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAFFEN SS NORWAY CARVED EAGLE WW2

Lot #294 (Sale Order 380 of 952)

The noble sea eagle has been a revered symbol of the Viking Norse warriors in Norway and Sweden for centuries. This (der Seeadler) was emblazoned on their shields and often on the frontal sail of their long ships. The bird had sacred connotations to these brave raiders. Likewise, the 15,000 men of the Norwegian volunteer forces and Wehrmacht recruits highly honored this magnificent predator. It is strange, however, that not one of the uniform insignia reveals depictions of this bird because in National Socialist Germany the eagle is predominant on practically everything. It is noted here that at a certain antique store in Germany an old woman had brought a large package that was being carried by her grandson. It contained a curious wooden sculpture. A very precious item owned by her late husband who was a volunteer in the Waffen-SS Division “Viking” and early on had been a member of a Norwegian fascist party, Nasjonal Samling (N.S. for National Unity). Unknown to us but revealed later was the fact that among the recent recruits at that time there was a small but elite unit known as the Headquarters #4 of the Norske Legion, known also as Frontkjempermerke. So great was the spirit within them concerning the fight for Norway and Europe that they celebrated by establishing a communal barracks that was beautifully furnished with such things as carved Viking-era chairs, dragon ships on maneuver, and this wonderful carved Seealder with runic SS insignia. When these men went to war first as the Norske Legion the lady’s husband who had assisted in the carving made sure to take a wonderful carving of the Norse God Wotan, a magnificent huge Viking chair, and the carved sea eagle back to his home and it stayed there in their possession for the last 70-plus years. The carving is nothing short of phenomenal; possibly the best wood sculpturing we have ever seen. Norwegian woodcarvers are world renowned to be the equal to the craftsmen of Germany’s Black Forest measuring an impressive 36 X 24 inches. The Eagle The feathers of the chest and wings are incredibly real looking. This is a “regal eagle” indeed from beak to claw. We believe he was used as a hanging device for coats of the officers because of the hook like branches; six in all that extend from the carving above. There are clam-shaped objects, but probably are barnacles. They are seen butting up against the wreath that contains the runes. Please look carefully at our images and take in the beautiful detail of the work—every feather is really a separate art piece. The bird is fairly large, measuring from its bottom branch hook to the top of its head at 21 inches and from the right branch to the left it measures 35 inches. The wingtips from side to side measure 21 inches across. There is a metal ring on the back that was used by the original owners to suspend it on a wall. It is obviously unique and certainly historically important to the history of the foreign volunteers of the Waffen-SS. Footnote: These large raptors are commonly known sea eagles or white-tailed eagles. In Norway, the locals refer to it as the sea eagle; hence, Seeadler (havørn in Norwegian). More than half of their population is in Norway. Except in the extreme north of the country, these birds are year-round residents there. Some are found in sizable populations in Greenland and Germany. They have the largest wingspan of any eagle and are closely related to the bald eagle. They build their nests on coastal cliffs. Food is usually fish, but sea eagles are opportunistic and will eat mammals and other birds. It is certainly reasonable and even obvious to see that the Norge units would admire and gravitate to using this magnificent bird for the mascot of their particular corps. This creature is like the organization, itself—the elite of the species.

LUDWIG HOHLWEIN NAZI GERMANY 1936 OLYMPIC POSTER

Lot #295 (Sale Order 381 of 952)

Antique Poster for the 1936 Winter Olympics, reading: Deutschland 1936, IV Olympische Winterspiele, Garmisch-partenkirchen, 6-16. Februar 1936. Alpine skiing made its first appearance in the winter Olympics as the combined, which added a skier's results in both the downhill and slalom. 1936 is the last year in which the Summer and Winter Games were both held in the same country. This poster was created by Ludwig Hohlwein and was printed in 13 different languages and distributed around the world. This is the German version. It is considered one of the most memorable images from the 1936 Olympic games and was also printed on post cards and brochures. It is in MINT condition and has been flattened and backed in linin for stability. Original poster measures approximately 39 x 25 inches. MINT

NAZI GERMAN 1936 OLYMPICS FRAMED FLAG MEDALS PASS

Lot #295a (Sale Order 382 of 952)

Stellar collection of original insignia including 1) 1936 BERLIN GERMAN OLYMPIC GAMES RINGS PIN. 2) RARE XI SUMMER GAMES FILMABTEILUNG BADGE 3) BERLIN OLYMPICS 1936 BADGE 4) LARGE WHITE 1936 BERLIN OLYMPICS CAR PENNANT 5) BRONZE RARE ORIGINAL 1936 NAZI OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL. Constructed of bronze; the obverse depicting the German Olympic bell, circumscribed “Olympics Spiele Berlin 1936”, the reverse inscribed “Zur Ehre Des Vaterlandes Zum Ruhme Des Sports” (German - For the honour of the Fatherland, for the honour of Sport). 6) RARE SILVER ORIGINAL 1936 NAZI OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL. This silver coin was the official commemorative coin that was minted in two versions, in silver and bronze. Offered here is the silver version which was sold for RM 6.00 at all banks in Germany. It could also be ordered from the two official distribution centers, one in Munich and one in Berlin, next door to Adolf Hitler's Reichskanzlei in Voss-Strasse. The coin was designed by Karl Roth. 7) BRONZE RARE ORIGINAL 1936 NAZI OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL. Constructed of bronze; the obverse depicting the German Olympic bell, circumscribed “Olympics Spiele Berlin 1936”, the reverse inscribed “Zur Ehre Des Vaterlandes Zum Ruhme Des Sports” (German - For the honour of the Fatherland, for the honour of Sport). 8) 1936 BERLIN GERMAN OLYMPIC GAMES RINGS PIN. 9) HIGH QUALITY 1936 OLYMPIC CHARM IN SLIVER. 10) BERLINVON A-Z AMTLICHER FUHRER MIT STADTPLAN BOOK. This booklet is the travel guide to att the events. 11) 1936 OLYMPICS BERLIN INTERNATIONAL PRESS BADGE. 12) 1936 GERMAN OLYMPIC GAMES PARTICIPANTS MEDAL NECK BADGE 13) 1936 OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORATIVE LAPEL PIN. 14) GERMANY. A 1936 XI BERLIN SUMMER OLYMPIC GAMES COLOGNE 4711 MEDAL. 15) 1936 OLYMPIC GAMES COMMEMORATIVE LAPEL PIN. 16) 1936 INDIA PRESSE PARTICIPANT PAPER PASS. 17) 1936 YUGOSLAVIA PRESSE PARTICIPANT PAPER PASS. 18) 1936 FRANCE PRESSE PARTICIPANT PAPER PASS. All are in excellent condition and is archival framed measuring 25 1/2 X 36 inches. The 1936 Summer Olympics (German: Olympische Sommerspiele 1936), officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad (German: Spiele der XI. Olympiade), was an international multi-sport event held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. Berlin won the bid to host the Games over Barcelona, Spain, on 26 April 1931, at the 29th IOC Session in Barcelona. It marked the second and most recent time the International Olympic Committee gathered to vote in a city that was bidding to host those Games. To outdo the Los Angeles games of 1932, Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler had a new 100,000-seat track and field stadium built, as well as six gymnasiums and many other smaller arenas. The games were the first to be televised, and radio broadcasts reached 41 countries. Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl was commissioned by the German Olympic Committee to film the Games for $7 million. Her film, titled Olympia, pioneered many of the techniques now common in the filming of sports. Hitler saw the Games as an opportunity to promote his government and ideals of racial supremacy and antisemitism, and the official Nazi party paper, the Völkischer Beobachter, wrote in the strongest terms that Jews should not be allowed to participate in the Games. German Jewish athletes were barred or prevented from taking part by a variety of methods, although some women swimmers from the Jewish sports club, Hakoah Vienna, did take part. Jewish athletes from other countries seem to have been side-lined in order not to offend the Nazi regime. Total ticket revenues were 7.5 million Reichsmark, generating a profit of over one million RM. The official budget did not include outlays by the city of Berlin (which issued an itemized report detailing its costs of 16.5 million RM) or outlays of the German national government (which did not make its costs public, but is estimated to have spent US$30 million). Jesse Owens won four gold medals in the sprint and long jump events and became the most successful athlete to compete in Berlin while Germany was the most successful country overall with 89 medals total, with the United States coming in second with 56 medals. These were the final Olympics under the presidency of Henri de Baillet-Latour and the final Olympic Games for 12 years due to the disruption of the Second World War. The next Olympic Games were held in 1948 (the Winter in Switzerland and then the Summer in London).

WWII ADOLF HITLER PORCELAIN PLAQUE BY ROSENTHAL

Lot #296 (Sale Order 383 of 952)

Porcelain portrait of the Führer after a portrait by Willy Exner. Exner was among Hitler’s favorite artists and the Exner painting was chosen as the official state portrait and displayed in public buildings, offices and classrooms throughout Nazi Germany. Rosenthal was and still is one of the finest porcelain manufacturers in Germany, if not Europe. The portrait has a small chip to the upper right hand corner but no other imperfections. The back of the plaque has the Rosenthal emblem in print and the title ‘Der Führer -Gemälde von Will Exner’. Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant popular support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history. Hitler's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil.

WWII NAZI OFFICER’S NCO RUBBERIZED RAINCOAT WW2

Lot #297 (Sale Order 384 of 952)

Issued type, rubberized, field-grey fabric construction, double breasted style, full length, raincoat with fold back lapels and a large, lay down collar. Nice original issue and size marking. Buttons are the "S-Ring" removable type (one is missing). Roughly 38" chest. Very nice condition and scarce to find as an issued type. The Greatcoat was an essential uniform item worn by all ranks, with minor variations, and followed the basic design of the Imperial German army’s greatcoat. During WWII the German army utilized at least thirteen different styles of greatcoats with numerous variations and intended purposes. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain Senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. As a result of their obligation to furnish their own uniform items, Officers and Senior NCO’s were permitted to buy optional clothing items that were prohibited for other ranks. One of the optional uniform items permitted for private purchase by Officers and Senior NCO’s was a rubberized raincoat, officially designated Wetter mantel, (Weather Coat), as introduced on August 10TH 1937, that was to conform to the style and cut of the standard issue greatcoats, although numerous subtle and not so subtle variations were utilized. As a general, although unofficial rule, Officer’s ranks were usually given more leeway in the pattern and cut of optional clothing items while the Senior NCO’s had to have their private purchase garments inspected and approved before wear. Regulations dictated the only insignia to be worn on the rubberized raincoats were to be the slip on, shoulder boards or straps depending on the particular rank.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M34 PONY FUR BACKPACK 1939 DATED

Lot #298 (Sale Order 385 of 952)

An olive drab canvas pack with leather and cowhide fittings, roughly 29cm wide, 40cm tall and 10cm deep, with a fold-over flap that covers its entire front. Looks all complete. Shows the expected age and use with a sewn repair to the bottom corners and a single tear. It is maker marked and dated 1939. The M34 backpack was based on the Prussian model 1885 and the Reichswehr era M1907/13 backpacks with minor variations and was officially introduced on November 1ST 1934. Of Note: These M34 packs were to be replaced with the M1939 back pack, that was introduced along with the combat Y-straps on April 18TH 1939, but the transition was never fully accomplished and the M34 packs were manufactured through-out the war in limited quantities. During the war the early M34 and M39 "pony fur" backpacks were found to be too expensive and time consuming to produce which resulted in the production of a wide variety of less expensive canvas construction combat rucksacks and backpacks.

WW2 NAZI TAN WATER WHITE REVERSIBLE WINTER MITTENS

Lot #299 (Sale Order 386 of 952)

Standard issue, padded, water proofed, cotton/rayon blend construction, reversible winter mittens, featuring the screen rolled, tan water pattern camouflage in shades of tans, brown and green, to one side and white to the other side. The mittens have extended cuffs with a tunnel loop to the end designed for a connecting, fit adjustment, drawstring. Very Good. The development of camouflage clothing and equipment had began in the German army in WWI, and continued through the Weimar Reichswehr era. The geometric splinter pattern was developed in the early 1930's and was first adopted for use with the M31quarter shelter/poncho in late 1931. Further developments modified the original splinter pattern by softly blurring the distinct geometric pattern and slightly altering the coloration. This modified camouflage pattern was designated the Tan/water camouflage and was once again altered by an even stronger blurring of the distinct geometric pattern during the war. After the devastating winter of 1941-1942 on the Russian front the German army found that it was drastically under equipped with cold weather garments to withstand the severe cold and a wide variety of improvised garments including a broad assortment of donated civilian garments were utilized as a temporary solution. To rectify the situation the OKH, Oberkommando des Heeres, (High Command of the Army), began testing heavier winter clothing in the spring of 1942 to develop suitable garments for the Russian front. In April 1942 Hitler approved the chosen designs and the first models were issued in the autumn of that year, in the reversible blue/mouse grey/white colorations, which was modified to camouflage pattern/white combinations in 1943. Included with these new garments were heavy, padded, reversible winter suits which consisted of a parka, pants and separate hoods and mittens. The winter mittens were a standard issue item and were distributed to all EM/NCO’s for the winter season, (September 15TH to April 15TH), with other winter garments and were to be returned to the units storage depot at the end of the season for reissue the following year.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY TROPICAL SHORTS ISSUED WW2

Lot #300 (Sale Order 387 of 952)

Light weight, ribbed, khaki / olive, cotton twill construction shorts feature a vertical, four button French fly, with an additional two buttons positioned on the waistband. The waistband has a tunnel looped, khaki/tan, canvas belt with an HBT, (Herring Bone Twill), weave, to the right side of the fly with a corresponding, rectangular, open, triple claw, olive drab painted, magnetic sheet metal buckle to the left side of the fly. The waistband also a single vertical belt loop to the left side to secure the belt in place. The shorts have two, diagonally angled, slash, front pockets and a small, horizontal slash, watch pocket situated below the right waistband. The reverse of the shorts have two, small, vertical, tapering darts and a horizontal slash pocket with a single button closure to the right seat. The shorts have a dual-ply reinforced crotch and hemmed cuffs. The interior waistband lining and the pocket bags are all constructed in ribbed, white, cotton twill. Nice maker markings. The buttons are the matte grey, metal alloy, dish type and all have their original stitching. Original paper factory tag is still attached. The shorts are roughly size 36" waist and dated 1942. Nice! In late 1940, with the impending German entrance into the North African campaign, tropical uniforms and equipment were quickly developed and issued in time for DAK, Deutsches Afrika Korps, (German Africa Corps), personnel’s arrival in Tripoli in February 1941. Originally the tropical uniforms were only intended for wear in North Africa but that was later expanded to include personnel serving in southern areas of continental Europe during the summer months, (May 1ST to September 30TH). The design of the tropical uniform items were based on the standard continental uniform items but in a different color and material. Due to the hot climate one of the tropical uniform items developed were short pants. As a safety precaution regulations dictated that the short pants were not to be worn during combat but only when personnel were behind the front lines.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WEHRMACHT MESS HALL DINNERWARE

Lot #300a (Sale Order 388 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Wehrmacht Mess Hall Dinnerware Lot to include: 1) SERVING BOWL. A white porcelain, stone glazed salad bowl that measures approximately 5cm high x 23cm that is army marked in brown to the raised bottom with the manufacture logo and dated 1938. 2) Mess Plate. A white porcelain, stone glazed salad bowl that measures approximately 3.8cm high x 23cm that is army marked in blue to the raised bottom with the manufacture name and logo and dated 1939. As with any nations military the Germans had garrisons and barracks to house and care for its troops when they were not in the field. Following the old adage that, "an army runs on its stomach", one of the major concerns and main benefits of military life was the guarantee of three "square" meals a day. When in garrison/barracks these meals were served in mess halls that had to be outfitted with enough cutlery and flatware to serve the number of personnel stationed there.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAFFEN SS DOT PATTERN MITTENS WW2

Lot #301 (Sale Order 389 of 952)

This is a nice original set of reversible winter mittens with good bright colors, and no holes or damage. The connecting cord is also present and intact. The white side is also very clean. Overall, they are a very nice set of SS camo gloves, which will look great with your uniforms and field gear. Near MINT. The development of SS camouflage items was initiated by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler in 1935 when he tasked the Reichsführung-SS, (National Leadership of the SS), to begin research of new camouflage patterns and garments for use by the fledgling SS-VT, SS-Verfugüngstruppe, (SS-Special Purpose Troops). In late 1936 and early 1937 the first SS camouflage garments were issued to personnel of the SS-VT Standarte Deutschland for field testing and evaluation. The first items evaluated were the Quarter shelters/ponchos, followed by steel helmet covers, face masks and smocks. As the war continued various other clothing items were produced in the assorted camouflage patterns. Originally the camouflage patterns were all produced in the time consuming manual screen printing until the development of the machine roller printing in 1940. By the end of the war no fewer then ten assorted camouflage patterns had been developed and used by the SS. After the devastating winter of 1941 on the Russian front the high command of the army saw the need for heavier winter clothing and testing began in the spring of 1942 to develop suitable garments. In April 1942 Hitler approved the chosen design, and the first models were issued in the autumn of that year, in the reversible blue/gray/white colorations, which was modified to camouflage pattern/white combinations in 1943. Included with these new garments were heavy, padded, reversible winter mittens. The Waffen-SS followed the army’s lead and new winter camouflage items were issued in October 1943. The machine rolled, screen printed pattern camouflage was developed in 1941 and used through to 1945 for a wide variety of garments.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE POLIZEI BELT & BUCKLE WW2

Lot #302 (Sale Order 390 of 952)

1936 pattern, silver washed, two piece, aluminum construction, police NCO’s, box belt buckle features a pebbled base field with a central, circular, embossed, motif. The high relief, central, circular motif features a slightly textured background field with an embossed, smooth finished, canted, swastika, encompassed by a slightly textured, circular field with an embossed, open topped, oak-leaf wreath to the bottom and the embossed, Gothic script motto to the top, "Gott mit uns", (God with us). Buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Comes with an original leather belt the is nicely police unit marked measuring 38 inches in total length. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations, was the introduction of two, new styles, of belt buckles on June 25TH 1936 with a round buckle for Officer’s ranks of Polizei Obermeister up to and including, Generaloberst der Polizei and a box buckle for NCO ranks of Polizei Unterwachtmeister up to and including Polizei Meister. Both the Company and Field grade officers and NCO’s buckles were produced with a silver finish while Generals ranks of Generalmajor up to and including, Generaloberst der Polizei utilized gilt finished belt buckles. The Police were divided into eight assorted branches of service including the Wasserschutzpolizei, (Water Protection Police), and in an exception to the rule, all ranks of the Wasserschutzpolizei utilized gilt buckles. Besides the standard silver and gilt belt buckles a field-grey finished belt buckle was also produced which in likelihood was intended for combat Polizei personnel. Originally buckles produced under government contract, for service wear, had the addition of a leather, (canvas web for tropical buckles), tabs which were designed to help support the ammunition pouches and prevent slippage but regulations in 1942 discontinued the tabs to preserve leather although the directive was not completely adhered to. The different branches of police service utilized different colored leather belts with brown leather for Gendarmerie, (Rural Police), Wasserschutzpolizei, (Water Protection Police), and Polizeibeamten, (Police Officials), personnel and black leather for the Ordnungspolizei (Order Police), the Schutzpolizei, (Protection Police), and the Gemeindepolizei, (Local Municipal Police), personnel. The Ordnungspolizei, Schutzpolizei, and Gemeindepolizei, also utilized white leather accoutrements for special occasions. Also Of Note: The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WEHRMACHT MEDICAL POUCH CONTENTS

Lot #303 (Sale Order 391 of 952)

Mint medical pouch with contents complete as shown. Items include bandages, gauze, Chloramine bottle that is empty and a thermometer. Leather pouch is nicely marked and dated 1939. Each Division in the German Army of WWII had Divisional Support units which included a medical unit that normally consisted of two companies, a mobile field hospital and two ambulance platoons. Within these medical units EM’s and Junior NCO’s with basic medical training acted as medical orderlies or stretcher bearers under the command of Doctors with Officers ranks. The EM/NCO’s acting as medical orderlies and stretcher bearers were each issued with two medical pouches equipped with basic medical supplies to be worn on the load carrying waist belt. Of Note: There were two types of medical pouches for unmounted medical personal marked either, "K" for Kragenträger, (Stretcher bearer), or, "S" for Sanitäts, (Medical personnel), and both carried different equipment, as detailed on the interior contents labels. Also there were, "L" and "R" marked pouches for left and right, which again carried different equipment. Also Of Note: The German army also maintained static hospitals in the rear areas for those with more severe wounds and those with the most serious injuries that would require long rehabilitation times would be sent to a hospital in their home military recruiting district within Germany. Generally the German field units preferred to care for their own wounded as much as possible as a convalescents transferred to a rear area static military or home military district hospital could potentially be dispatched to a new unit on their recovery. As a result most of the Divisional medical support units maintained a generous supply of medical equipment and accessories to provide the most favorable "in-house" care as possible.

WWII MVSN ITALIAN FASCIST DAGGER KNIFE SCABBARD

Lot #304 (Sale Order 392 of 952)

WWII Fascist Italian scabbard for the M1935 Blackshirts dagger. Constructed of black magnetic metal and measuring 220 mm in length, the throat of which retains a functional spring mechanism, securely holding the dagger in place during storage. The reverse bears a belt loop of identical construction. The entire apparatus measures 335 mm in length. There is some minor rusting and tarnishing evident to the metal features, as well as paint loss to the scabbard, but the dagger is in an otherwise near extremely fine condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE FLAK PHOTO ALBUM WW2

Lot #305 (Sale Order 393 of 952)

WWII Luftwaffe 116th Flak Regiment photo album containing 60 photos mainly of the 88 flak guns. There are several top shelf photos in the album of all different aspects of the guns. History Flak corps did not exist before World War II. Until the end of war Germany eventually organized a total of six flak corps, being numbered I - VI, plus one short-lived special flak corps. Flak corps I and II were formed on 3 October 1939. They grouped previously existing mobile AA battalions so as to overwhelmingly concentrate their firepower at points of decision on the battlefield. The original two flak corps were used in the Battle of France in 1940, and later inactivated. They were reorganized for the German invasion of Russia and fought for the remainder of the war on the Eastern Front. The I Flak Corps was destroyed at Stalingrad and later formed again. The III Flak Corps was formed in February 1944 and fought on the Western Front. In total, III Flak Corps entered combat in Normandy with 27 heavy batteries, 26 light batteries and some 12,000 men. During the fighting in Normandy in 1944, the III Flak Corps was motorized although not all authorized vehicles were present. It was eventually destroyed in the Ruhr Pocket in April 1945. The IV Flak Corps was formed in July 1944 and supported Army Group G on the Western Front until it surrendered in May 1945. The V Flak Corps was formed in November 1944 and fought in Hungary and Austria. The VI Flak Corps was formed in February 1945 and fought in northern Germany in support of the 1st Parachute Army. The flak corps "for special employment" (Flakkorps z.b.V.) was organized in 1945 to control V-weapons.

WW2 1937 NAZI GERMAN EDUCATORS MAGAZINES 12 ISSUES

Lot #306 (Sale Order 394 of 952)

12 volumes for the year 1937, monthly periodical issues of the Reichszeitung der deutschen Erzieher Nationalsozialistische Lehrerzeitung or Reich newspaper of German educators. National Socialist teacher newspaper. All 12 periodicals are in excellent condition having articles as well as many photos as well as many advertisements of companies in servicing the Reich. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE MINITURE GOBLET

Lot #306a (Sale Order 395 of 952)

Small sized silver goblet with a long stem. Possibly a shot glass sort of miniature of the Honor Goblet. Has Luftwaffe eagle applied to the cup portion. Unsigned. Measures approximately 4" Shows age and patina. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA LOT NSKOV MOTHER'S CROSS

Lot #307 (Sale Order 396 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot to include 1) small white handkerchief trimmed in green to the edges and a small embroidered non mobile swastika also in Green to one corner. 2) small white handkerchief trimmed in red to the edges and a small embroidered non mobile swastika also in red with black accents to one corner. 3) NS-RKB member's armband. A 1938 pattern armband as worn on the lower right sleeve of the service tunic by NS-RKB enlisted ranks. Very deep navy blue cloth armband with machine woven NS-RKB insignia. Insignia consists of a white bordered, red shield with white bordered, black Iron Cross with white circular centerpiece featuring a black, canted swastika to center. Insignia is machine stitched to armband. 4) Mother's Cross in Bronze. Second pattern, two piece, stamped tombac award with a bronze wash and blue and white enamel work. Award in the form of a Christian cross with outward fluted arms in semi-translucent blue enamel with white enamel border. Cross has a raised sunburst pattern emanating between its arms. Separate central circular field with white enamel base and black static swastika, encompassed by a circular border with embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter", (The German Mother). Reverse has impressed simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938", and facsimile Hitler signature. Original ribbon is also included. All are in excellent condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOTHING WOOD AND LEATHER WHIP

Lot #308 (Sale Order 397 of 952)

WWII Nazi German RAD clothing wooden and leather whip in excellent condition. Nicely marked to the top of the wooden grip.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARTILLERY M35 TUNIC & VISOR WW2

Lot #309 (Sale Order 398 of 952)

A nice quality, private purchase, field-gray wool/tricot blend construction M35 dress tunic features a vertical, eight button front closure with dual metal hooks and eyes positioned at the forward neckline and a lay down, blue/green badge cloth collar. Nice high quality machine embroidered breast eagle with original application to the tunic. Buttons all complete. Sew on should straps for the 313th Artillery Rgt. The collar liner studs are complete to the interior or the collar. The tunic is roughly a size 36" chest. Comes complete with original Artillery shooting lanyard. Excellent. Nice quality, private purchase, visor cap with a field-gray doeskin wool body and crown and a blue/green badge cloth centerband with bright red wool waffenfarbe piping to the crown edge and both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. The internal crown stiffening wire, internal padding and a vertical stiffener to the interior front are all still intact and retain the caps oval, "Sattelform", crown shape with a high, central, forward peak. The front center of the cap features a second pattern, (circa 1935-1945) stamped alloy, national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is secured to the cap by three, bent over prongs on the reverse. The front center of the centerband has a second pattern, (circa 1935-1945), silver washed, stamped alloy, oak-leaf wreath encompassing a separate, high vaunted, three piece, stamped alloy, national tri-color cockade. The national tri-color cockade consists of a black fluted alloy base, a bright silver washed alloy, roundel and an inserted red wool center dot. Blackened patent leather chinstrap intact with two, black painted, rectangular, sheet metal retaining buckles and two black painted, rectangular, length adjustment buckles. Chinstrap is secured to cap by two, small, smooth finish, black painted, magnetic sheet metal buttons. The cap has an extended, forward, black lacquered, vulcanfibre visor with a subtly raised lip near the forward edge. The interior of the cap is fully lined in subtly textured, golden/tan rayon. The interior crown lining has a clear celluloid sweat diamond fully intact. The lining beneath the diamond is well marked with the gray printed, manufacturer’s name and location in Gothic style script "Ernst Pohl & Sohn". The interior of the cap also has a wide, natural tan, leather sweatband, with ventilation perforations to the front forehead section. The sweatband is in overall very good condition. The cap is in overall good condition with minor age and usage with mothing throughout. The cap is roughly size 57cm, interior diameter. Nice cap by a very seldom encountered, "cottage" manufacturer. Very Good. The M35 dress tunic was introduced for wear by all ranks on June 29TH 1935 as the walking out, parade and ceremonial dress with the piped, stone grey long pants. The design of the M35 dress tunic was based on the Imperial German army’s service tunic but was a different color and generally of much higher quality. Originally all personnel were issued two M35 dress tunics but manufacture was discontinued in late 1939 or early 1940 and was to be reinstated at the successful conclusion of the war. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 stated that the M35 dress tunics that were no longer suitable for dress wear were to be modified and reissued to personnel of the replacement and reserve units for every day wear. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII SS GRUPPENFÜHRER M1932 SERVICE UNIFORM WW2

Lot #310 (Sale Order 399 of 952)

Single-breasted open-collared jacket of black fabric, having pleated breast pockets and two lower slanted slash pockets to the skirts. Decoration suspension loops are fitted to the center of the left breast pocket (possibly for Iron Cross I Class) and above the same pocket to permit wear of a small group of awards mounted on ribbons. All exposed buttons are of white metal stipple-pattern finish, and to the rear are fitted a pair of the same, positioned above a vent to the skirt. The collar is edged in twisted matte silver cord, and both collar patches feature a stylized sprig of three oak leaves, worked in silver wire on black velvet, edged in silver twisted cord. Both cuffs are of deep turn-back form, the left featuring a Officer’s “Deutschland” cufftitle. The upper and lower edge borders are piped in a shiny silver flat wire with seven strands. Rendered in silver wire is the script “Deutschland”. To the same sleeve is fitted an armband of SS form, having a black mobile swastika within a white disc, set on a red field, edged top and bottom with black braid. Grouping also has the original matching mounted trousers with leather reinforcements roughly sized 34 waist. Excellent Originally members of the fledgling SS had no official uniform until April 1925 when they adopted, what was to become known as the, "Tradition Uniform" and personnel were outfitted with the same brown shirt uniform and kepi as the SA. In November 1925 personnel of the newly formed SS adopted a black kepi, necktie, breeches and border trim on their armbands to distinguish themselves from their SA counterparts. On July 7TH 1932 the black service uniform, for Allgemeine-SS, (General SS), SS-VT, SS-Verfügungstruppe, (SS-Special Purpose Troops), SS-TV, SS-Totenkopfverbände, (SS-Death’s Head Units), and SS-SD, SS-Sicherheitsdienst und Sicherheitspolizei, (SS-Security Service and Security Police) personnel was first introduced to replace the brown shirt, "Tradition", uniform. The black service uniform included straight legged, trousers with white piping to the outside leg seams for wear with the standard service and the evening dress uniforms. For some unknown reason the straight legged, trousers with white piping were withdrawn from service sometime in 1936 and were reinstated as per regulations of April 1ST 1937. With the outbreak of WWII the black service uniform was replaced with field-grey uniforms for all but Allgemeine-SS personnel. On June 8TH 1942 Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler ordered that all black service uniforms in the possession of Waffen-SS personnel were to be returned to clothing depots in an attempt to overcome material shortages. By 1943 even Allgemeine-SS were being outfitted with field-grey uniforms and the black uniforms were to be reintroduced at the successful conclusion of the war.

NSDAP POLITICAL LEADER'S BROCADE DRESS BELT WW2

Lot #311 (Sale Order 400 of 952)

Buckle in gilt aluminum on the right end, marked with the RZM (Reichszeugmeisterei) insignia and maker marked "M4/24" (Friedrich Linden, Lüdenscheid) on the reverse, illustrating a right-facing eagle with its talons clenching a swastika, surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves and acorns with a ribbon at the base, the buckle measuring 50.5 mm. Belt in yellow rayon, with brown embroidered piping along the top and bottom edges, interlaced with yellow threading on the upper, illustrating a repeating pattern of large angled oak leaves, dark brown corduroy sides and underside, thick smooth finished rust-colored leather tab stitched in place on the underside on the right end, the tab with seven rows of two holes each for length adjustment, matching gilt aluminum receiving clip on the left end, the clip held firmly in place where the belt wraps around to the reverse, two sliders on the belt with matching uppers and backers, one of the sliders with an extended brown corduroy tab, the belt measuring 53 mm x 1,210 mm. Excellent roughly size 100cm

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARTILLERY OFFICER'S TUNIC & VISOR

Lot #312 (Sale Order 401 of 952)

Nice quality, private purchase, field-gray, reed cotton blend construction tunic features a vertical, five button front closure with dual metal hooks and eyes positioned at the forward neckline. Artillery officer collar tabs, Major shoulder boards and officer’s breast eagle. Award badges having a black wound badge and a general assault badge. Original owner name tag. The tunic is roughly a size 36" chest. Shows the expected light age and use. ARTILLERY OFFICER’S VISOR CAP. Nice quality, private purchase, visor cap with a field-gray doeskin wool body and crown and a blue/green badge cloth centerband with bright red wool waffenfarbe piping to the crown edge and both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. Thecap still retains a nice "Sattelform", crown shape with a high, central, forward peak. The front center of the cap features a second pattern, (circa 1935-1945), silver washed, stamped alloy, national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is secured to the cap by three, bent over prongs on the reverse. The front center of the centerband has a nice quality, hand embroidered, oak-leaf wreath in silver/aluminum threads encompassing a highly vaunted, metallic national tri-color cockade with a red felt centerpiece on a cut-out blue/green badge cloth base. The cap has a twisted, silver/aluminum, chin cord which is secured in place by two, small, silver washed, pebbled, magnetic sheet metal buttons. The cap has an extended, forward, black lacquered, vulcanfibre visor with a subtly raised lip near the forward edge. The interior of the cap is fully lined in subtly textured, orange rayon. The interior crown lining has a clear celluloid sweat diamond fully intact with manufacturers logo. The interior of the cap also has a wide, natural tan, leather sweatband, with ventilation perforations to the front forehead section. The sweatband is in overall very good condition. Roughly a size 57. Excellent tunic and visor. The Officer’s service tunic followed the basic design of the EM/NCO’s field blouse with the most readily visible difference, besides the insignia, being the turned up French cuffs. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WINTER POLICE FIELD CAP MINT WW2

Lot #313 (Sale Order 402 of 952)

Field-gray Police green wool construction cap with rabbit fur front, fold down side ear lugs and back panels. Tie-string complete. Quilted rayon liner. Maker marked and size marked 58. Dated for 1944. Police metal eagle attached to the front. Mint cap. The severe cold encountered on the Russian front in the winter of 1941/42 found the Germans completely unprepared not only in heat retaining cold weather garments but also snow camouflage garments. This resulted in numerous, hastily improvised and makeshift heat retaining and snow camouflage items being utilized including everything from civilian winter clothing to white bed sheets. After the winter of 1941/42 the Oberkommando des Wehrmacht, (High Command of the Armed Forces), recognized the need for heavier winter clothing and testing began in the spring of 1942 to develop suitable garments. In April 1942 Hitler approved the chosen design, and the first models were issued in the autumn of that year, included assorted winter fur caps. The fur caps were a standard issue item and were distributed to all EM/NCO’s for the winter season, (September 15TH to April 15TH), with other winter garments and were to be returned to the units storage depot at the end of the season for storage, repair and cleaning to be reissued the following September. Originally Officers and senior NCO’s responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and headgear were required to purchase the new winter garments until regulations of December 1942 extended the issue winter clothing to all ranks in the colder theatres of operation. Although there was no official standard model of the fur cap the most commonly encountered type followed the basic pattern of the Mountain and M43 caps with fold down back and side panels designed to protect the wearers ears and neck.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE ENGRAVED EMIL VOOS DAGGER WW2

Lot #314 (Sale Order 403 of 952)

This is one of the rarest of the rare , in mint condition. EMIL VOOS, stamped snake around a tree trunk single oval. This dagger exhibits all the text book features associated with VOOS produced double-etched blades: impressive etch motifs , contrasting frosted panels, 2rd pattern Luftwaffe eagle with laurel leaf sprigs, and heavy nickel plating. The WKC pommel pattern with pebbled background. The eagle cross guard shows well with left over right oak leaf pattern. Beautiful orange celluloid grip is perfect condition, and is complete with tight spring aluminum wire wrap as normally found on VOOS ivory grip.The high quality heavily plated double etched blade grades as mint. The scabbard retains 100% of the original finish. The portepee is as close to mint as possible. Excellent In March 1933 the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), was established by incorporating all civilian flying clubs into the one organization. The DLV was utilized as a camouflage civilian organization to train personnel for the future Luftwaffe. As a civilian organization it was able to circumvent the restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty, which prohibited a German military air service. In February and April 1934 respectively the DLV introduced a dagger for Officer’s and a knife for all ranks. Later in 1934 members of the Fliegerschaft, the secret military branch of the DLV, adopted both sidearms for wear. Shortly after the unveiling of the Luftwaffe in March 1935 a modified version of the DLV’s Officer’s dagger was adopted for wear by Luftwaffe Officer’s and EM/NCO’s personnel who held a valid pilots licence. On July 15TH 1937 a second pattern Luftwaffe dagger was introduced for wear by Officers, Senior Officer Candidates and Officials with the equivalent Officers ranks and the first pattern dagger was discontinued. Additional regulations of March and August 1940 extended wear of the second pattern dagger to senior NCO’s, senior reserve NCO’s and Officials with the equivalent NCO’s ranks. Blade side arm portepees and troddels were originally introduced in the Prussian army in 1808, and continued to be worn with the Dress uniform, as a tradition and identifying item through WWI, the Weimar Republic and on into the Third Reich, with minor modifications. The Luftwaffe version of the portepee was officially introduced on March 1ST 1935 and the design was based on the earlier army officers portepee.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOYAL SERVICE AWARD MEDAL W/ CASE

Lot #315 (Sale Order 404 of 952)

Silvered bronze, obverse illustrating a left-facing worker, his right hand resting upon an anvil, factories in the background to the left, a left-facing spread-winged eagle with its talons clenching a wreathed swastika below, engraver marked "F. MÄNERT", reverse illustrating a town before a mountain, inscribed "Die Industrie - und Handelskammer in Reichenberg fürlangjährige treue Mitarbeit." to the right, the scene and inscription separated by a half-frame of laurel leaves, 60 mm, scattered silvering wear, light contact, extremely fine. In its hardshelled case of issue, recessed medal bed, spotting on the exterior, case also extremely fine.

WWII GERMAN 1939 HITLER YOUTH EAGLE TABLE MEDAL

Lot #316 (Sale Order 405 of 952)

WWII German 1939 Hitler Youth table medal in good condition with some surface wear and oxidation present. Measures 3 3/16 inches in diameter. The front shows a German eagle clutching a swastika in his talons in the center. It reads "4. Reichs Schiwettkampfe Der Hitler Jugend 1939". The reverse side reads "Ehrenpreis Der Obersten HJ Fuhrung". The base is maker marked "Deschler u Sohn".

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE FUR LEATHER WINTER CAP

Lot #317 (Sale Order 406 of 952)

Nice quality multi-panel patch work whitened sheep skin construction winter cap with the natural hide to the exterior and the white sheep’s wool to the interior. The cap features fold down side and back panels with the panels held in position at the top of the cap by a thread loop and a corresponding button. When the side and back panels are in the upright position the sheep’s wool is visible to the exterior. The back and side panels were designed to be folded down to protect the wearer’s ears and neck and the panels could be secured with the fabric loop and button closed under the wearer’s chin as required. The fold down side panels each have a small circular cut-out with a corresponding overlapping horizontal "U" shaped closure panel with a single brown painted sheet metal "Prym" closure snap to each. The side panels also have an additional male snap enabling the horizontal, "U" shaped closure panels to be secured in the open position as required. Insignia has been removed from the front of the cap and where the eagle was a small tear is to the leather. Size marked 57. Just needs in insignia. Very Good The severe cold encountered on the Russian front in the winter of 1941/42 found the Germans completely unprepared not only in heat retaining cold weather garments but also snow camouflage garments. This resulted in numerous, hastily improvised and makeshift heat retaining and snow camouflage items being utilized including everything from civilian winter clothing to white bed sheets. After the winter of 1941/42 the Oberkommando des Wehrmacht, (High Command of the Armed Forces), recognized the need for heavier winter clothing and testing began in the spring of 1942 to develop suitable garments. In April 1942 Hitler approved the chosen design, and the first models were issued in the autumn of that year, included assorted winter fur caps. The fur caps were a standard issue item and were distributed to all EM/NCO’s for the winter season, (September 15TH to April 15TH), with other winter garments and were to be returned to the units storage depot at the end of the season for storage, repair and cleaning to be reissued the following September. Originally Officers and senior NCO’s responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and headgear were required to purchase the new winter garments until regulations of December 1942 extended the issue winter clothing to all ranks in the colder theatres of operation. Although there was no official standard model of the fur cap the most commonly encountered type followed the basic pattern of the Mountain and M43 caps with fold down back and side panels designed to protect the wearers ears and neck.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MESS ITEMS LUFTWAFFE WEHRMACHT

Lot #318 (Sale Order 407 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of mess gear items to include 1) Luftwaffe large plate measuring 9 1/2 inches wide and is maker marked to the bottom with a large droop tail eagle dated 1942 with small chip to the edge. 2) WWII Luftwaffe Salad Bowl measuring 10 X 10 inches and is maker marked and dated 1942. 3) Wehrmacht saucer dated 1939 and marked with a Heer eagle measuring 6 1/2 inches wide. 4) Wehrmacht coffee cup dated 1942 and is marked with a Heer eagle measuring 3 1/4 inches wide. 5) Luftwaffe aluminum marked spoon that is maker marked and dated 1939. 6 Unknown item certainly from the Officer's mess with three city crest to each side with a Wehrmacht eagle to the top of each side.

WWII NAZI GERMAN RED CROSS SMALL WOOL FLAG WW2

Lot #319 (Sale Order 408 of 952)

WWII German Red Cross Flag made of wool and linen is a multi piece construction measuring 17 X 27 inches with very minor mothing to it in overall excellent condition. The DRK, "Deutsches Rotes Kreuz" (German Red Cross), a voluntary civil assistance organization originally instituted in 1864, was officially acknowledged by the Geneva Convention in 1929. In December 1937 it gained status as a legally recognized organization by the NSDAP. As with other essential services in Third Reich Germany, it came under control of the Nazi Party in late 1938 under the auspices of the Ministry of the Interior’s Social Welfare Organization.

WWII NAZI GERMAN U-BOAT LEATHER COVERALLS WW2

Lot #320 (Sale Order 409 of 952)

WWII German Kriegsmarine black coveralls worn by German sailors on their ships and submarines. Coveralls is size marked 2 and dated 8/43 in overall excellent condition. The coveralls are extremely heavy, are fully lined, and have zippers down the center of the suit, at each wrist, and at each leg, and would be comparable in size to a modern day Size Medium. Protective leather jackets, pants and coveralls were listed as special clothing and were issued to engine personnel, certain deck and bridge personnel and U-Boat personnel when engaged in specific functions. The protective leather garments came in a variety of styles and colors for specific personnel. This particular style of protective leather uniform was designed for use by engine personnel. Of Note: The German’s concern with leather shortages was evident as early as July 1937 when the Kriegsmarine issued regulations that the protective leather uniforms were only to be issued when necessary in at attempt to conserve the leather and that they were to be returned to a vessels stores for reissued as required, although it appears the order was not strictly adhered to. Officer and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Navy’s Offizierkleiderkasse, (Officer’s Clothing Account) system. Generally speaking officers bought nice quality, private purchase, uniform items but they could also choose to buy their uniforms directly from the military clothing depots. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive. Generally junior NCO’s and EM’s ranks didn’t wear any rank insignia on their leather jackets although senior NCO’s and Officers ranks usually wore removable shoulder straps/ boards.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS NCO's DEGEN OR SWORD WW2

Lot #321 (Sale Order 410 of 952)

This NCO'S SS Degen is in excellent condition overall. The pommel is the flat type used on the NCO version with a set of raised SS runes in the center. All of the darkening remains in the backgrounds of these runes, giving a good effect when viewed. The "P" guard retains the original plating with only some minor age spots. The guard ends in a teardrop quillon. The upper ferrule is built into the "D" guard while the lower separate ferrule is decorated with six standing oak leaves shot with acorns. The oak leaves have fine hand punched circles and the caps of the acorns have been hand rendered. The plain ebony grip is in excellent condition throughout and retains a fine finish. The scabbard being straight and having no dents. The original black paint is also in excellent condition, showing only minor age and at least 90% intact. The upper scabbard mount is the Wotan's Knot style. There is some age in the plated surfaces but nothing too bad. The blackening in the loops of the knot remains about 95% intact. The upper fitting is retained by a dome head screw in each of the lower loops. The 33 inch blade is a very fine example still being in excellent condition. It has the standard matte finish and a fuller running about two-thirds of the blade and the original white washer is in place and in good condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MEDAL LOT OF 8 BADGE INSIGNIA WW2

Lot #322 (Sale Order 411 of 952)

WWII Nazi German badge lot including 1) Luftwaffe Ground Combat Badge. Single piece alloy construction, solid backed badge is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Luftwaffe style eagle, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out cloud and downward striking, blitz style, lightning bolt. Complete with original hinge, pin but is missing catch. 2) General Assault Badge. Die struck, solid backed, zinc construction award with a silver finish. The nicely detailed badge features a cut-out, high relief Wehrmacht styled eagle with down-swept wings positioned above a crossed bayonet and stick grenade, and encompassed by an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath. Complete pin but missing catch. 3) Infantry Assault Badge in Bronze. Die stamped, hollow backed, alloy construction badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. The reverse is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch all intact. Unmarked. 4) Black Wound Badge. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 99%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact. 5) Russian Front Medal. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. 6) DRL Sports Badge. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Reverse has embossed manufacturers mark, "Ferd. Wagner", and "D.R.G.M. 35269", for Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design, 35269). Complete soldered solid hinge, flat vertical retaining pin and standard soldered catch assembly all intact. Complete pin and catch assembly. 7) A slightly convex, alloy and enamel badge in the form of an inverted triangle. "N.S. Frauenschaft" is to the white band to the top of the obverse, underneath of which is a white cross against a black background. To the center of the cross is a red, static swastika, and "G" is to its left arm, "H" to its right, and "L" to its base. These Gothic letters signify the Frauenschaft motto, "Glaube, Hoffnung, Liebe" (Faith, Hope, Love). All of the letters, and the edges of the swastika, cross, and the badge itself, are in the same gilt color as its alloy base. A vertical pin-back device is crimped to a circular plate brazed to the reverse. Ges Gesch marked to the reverse. 8) Auto License Plate Tag Disk. Metal disk that was riveted to a vehicle's license plate. It probably identified the town or area that the car was registered in.

WW2 NAZI GERMAN DEATH CARDS KENNKARTE & PHOTO

Lot #323 (Sale Order 412 of 952)

WWII paper lot of the following items. 1) Eight Nazi death card notices including 6 Infantry, one Pioneer and one Gebirgsjäger. 2) Deutsches Reich Kennkarte of German Reich ID Card to an elderly woman and is nicely filled out. 3) Real photo of Adolf Hitler, well his backside anyway with several members of the armed services.

US AMERICAN FLAG MARKED ENSIGN CONFEDERATE LOT GAR

Lot #324 (Sale Order 413 of 952)

Lot of flags to include 1) GAR marked 48 star American Flag measuring 16 1/4 X 10 1/2 inches excluding wooden pole with minor holes. 2) Confederate STARS & BARS flag measuring 46 X 73 inches and is made of multi piece construction with heavy use to the fly of the flag. 3) 48 star American flag measuring 50 X 75 inches with several large holes to the body of the flag. On the bunting of the flag is marked "To Puerto Rican Schools, From Lafayette Post Of New York, G.A.R. 4) 106 X 206 with several small holes to the body of the flag. The bunting is marked U.S> Ensign 6.

WWII NAZI HITLER'S MEIN KAMPF 1939 JUBILEE EDITION

Lot #325 (Sale Order 414 of 952)

A scarce presentation copy of Adolf Hitler's autobiography and political manifest. Published in 1939 by Central Publishing House of the NSDAP, Franz Eher, Nachf. in Munich, Germany. In recognition of Hitler's 50th birthday a limited edition, called "Jubiläumsausgabe" (Jubilee Edition) was published. This volume was printed in limited quantities in 1939 only. Book has minor wear and includes card board dust jacket. A nice example of a hard to find book. Very Good Mein Kampf (German: [ma?n 'kampf]; My Struggle or My Fight) is a 1925 autobiographical manifesto by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler. The work describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany.

WWII WAFFEN SS HAUPTSTURMFÜHRER'S SERVICE TUNIC

Lot #326 (Sale Order 415 of 952)

Named nice quality private purchase, dark field-gray wool/rayon blend material construction tunic features a vertical, six button front closure with dual metal hooks and eyes at the neckline and a lay down collar. The tunic has two pleated patch breast pockets and two pleated hip pockets. The left breast has the original loops for one award. The sleeves have deep fold back French cuffs. The upper left sleeve has an officer’s hand embroidered sleeve eagle with out-stretched wings in silver/aluminum wire threads. The eagle is neatly hand stitched to the sleeve. The tunic comes with a nice pair of pioneer sew in shoulder boards in matte silver/aluminum Russian braid with one stamped, gilt washed, alloy rank pips to each and black waffenfarbe piping. The shoulder boards indicate the rank of SS-Sturmhauptführer serving with a Pioneer unit. The lay down, blue/green badge cloth construction collar has a black wool rank collar tab to the left side with a black wool SS runic collar tab to the right side. The left hand side, black wool rank collar tab features three, stamped, natural aluminum rank pips and two strips of narrow, woven silver/aluminum tress with interwoven central black stripes. The right hand side black wool unit collar tab features hand embroidered SS runes in silver/aluminum wire threads. Both of the collar tabs are neatly handstitched to the collar and have a twisted silver/aluminum piping to the outside edges. The interior of the tunic is fully lined in gray rayon. The lining has two horizontal slash pockets and a horizontal slash to the reverse of the left hip pocket for the sword or dagger hangers. The tunic is roughly size, 38" chest. Originally members of the fledgling SS had no official uniform until April 1925 when they adopted, what was to become known as the, "Tradition Uniform" and personnel were outfitted with the same brown shirt uniform and kepi as the SA. In November 1925 personnel of the newly formed SS adopted a black kepi, necktie, breeches and border trim on their armbands to distinguish themselves from their SA counterparts. On July 7TH 1932 the black and earth grey service uniforms, for Allgemeine-SS, (General SS), SS-VT, SS-Verfügungstruppe, (SS-Special Purpose Troops), SS-TV, SS-Totenkopfverbände, (SS-Death’s Head Units), and SS-SD, SS-Sicherheitsdienst und Sicherheitspolizei, (SS-Security Service and Security Police), personnel was first introduced to replace the brown shirt, "Tradition", uniform. In 1935 the first field-grey uniforms were issued to personnel serving with the LSSAH, Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler for testing and evaluation and they were adopted as the official color of the field uniform on November 25TH 1935. In 1937 a slightly modified field-grey uniform was introduced and was worn through-out the war with minor alterations that basically followed the same modifications of the army style uniforms. Of Note: After the outbreak of WWII the black service uniforms were eventually phased out of wear for all but Allgemeine-SS personnel. On June 8TH 1942 Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler ordered that all black service uniforms in the possession of Waffen-SS personnel were to be returned to clothing depots in an attempt to overcome material shortages. By 1943 even Allgemeine-SS were being outfitted with field-grey uniforms and the black uniforms were to be reintroduced at the successful conclusion of the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CUSTOMS OFFICIAL'S WINTER FUR CAP

Lot #327 (Sale Order 416 of 952)

Field-gray wool construction cap with slightly mottled brown rabbit fur front, fold down side ear lugs and back panels. The side ear lugs and back panel of the cap are held in the upright position by dual green HBT, (Herring Bone Twill), rayon tie tapes. The tie tapes were also utilized for a secure closure when the side and back panels were worn in the lowered position to protect the nape of the neck and chin. The reverse of the fold down side ear lugs and back panel are lined in ribbed gray cotton twill. The central front fur panel can be folded downward to act as a visor if required. The front of the cap has the distinctive, machine woven customs eagle with up-swept wing tips, in silver/aluminum flat-wire threads and a national tri-color cockade mounted on a cut-out green rayon "T" shaped base. The insignia is machine stitched in place. The interior of the cap is fully lined in quilted, ribbed, gray cotton twill with an internal padding. Roughly a size 56. MINT cap. The German Customs Service can be traced back to 1834 when a Customs Union was formed to allow the separate German States to trade amongst themselves without trade and tariff taxes, while still imposing import trade taxes on other European nations. With the unification of the German States into a single nation in 1871 the Customs Service became a national paramilitary organization, under control of the Finance Ministry in Berlin. The national Customs Service was still responsible for imposing and collecting import trade taxes but was also tasked with border defence duties. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies, including the Zollbeamte, (Customs Officials), within Germany. As a result of this appointment the Customs Service was reorganized and given further policing responsibilities including the apprehension of individuals attempting to escape from the NSDAP’s yoke. The German Customs service was divided into two separate branches with one branch consisting of the Landzollbeamte, (Land Customs Officials), which was subdivided into the Zollgrenzschutz, (Land Customs Border Guards), and the Wasserzollbeamte, (Water Customs Officials), and the second branch consisting of the remaining Zollbeamte, (Customs Officials). As with other organizations Custom’s personnel serving in colder climates were issued the standard winter fur cap.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PRESENTATION GRADE FIREMANS AXE

Lot #328 (Sale Order 417 of 952)

This is a choice example of a Fireman’s Dress Axe as worn for ceremonial and formal occasions by firemen in the Third Reich during World War Two. It is in excellent condition overall extremely well preserved considering its age. The brightly polished nickel head has a quality polished finish with oak leafs motifs to each side. The handle is black painted wood and shows only minor wear with a few very small dings. The handle fit remains very tight and none of the original nickel-finished studs show any signs of tampering. The upper part of the handle close to the head retain rings for suspending the axe in wear. The axe measures 16 1/4" in overall length and the head is 6 3/4 inches wide. Fire Fighting as a vocation dates back hundreds of years in Germany. In 1938, the Nazis nationalized the local fire departments, and made them a part of the police force. In large cities, volunteer fire departments augmented the full-time teams. During the war, compulsory fire departments were also formed. As with the members of any Third Reich civil organizations, the men in the various fire fighting departments wore a variety of uniforms, from coveralls and work clothing, to dress uniforms. Firemen had to obtain their own edged weapons for ceremonial and formal occasions. They could choose to wear either a dress bayonet, or a dress axe. The dress axes were all private purchase, though one could have received one as a presentation gift. There was no one set pattern for these, and they reflected individual taste. The most simple versions featured polished nickel heads, and black or brown wood handles. More elaborate examples were also produced some with ebony or even real ivory handles and luxury gold fittings.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FIREMAN AXE W LEATHER CARRIER WW2

Lot #329 (Sale Order 418 of 952)

This is a choice example of a Fireman’s Axe as worn for work duty by firemen in the Third Reich during World War Two. It is in excellent condition overall extremely well preserved considering its age. The handle is made of oak and shows only minor wear with a few very small dings with a heavy brass cap. The handle fit remains very tight. The axe measures 16 1/2" in overall length and the head is 8 inches wide. Comes with the original leather carrier Fire Fighting as a vocation dates back hundreds of years in Germany. In 1938, the Nazis nationalized the local fire departments, and made them a part of the police force. In large cities, volunteer fire departments augmented the full-time teams. During the war, compulsory fire departments were also formed. As with the members of any Third Reich civil organizations, the men in the various fire fighting departments wore a variety of uniforms, from coveralls and work clothing, to dress uniforms. Firemen had to obtain their own edged weapons for ceremonial and formal occasions. They could choose to wear either a dress bayonet, or a dress axe. The dress axes were all private purchase, though one could have received one as a presentation gift. There was no one set pattern for these, and they reflected individual taste. The most simple versions featured polished nickel heads, and black or brown wood handles. More elaborate examples were also produced some with ebony or even real ivory handles and luxury gold fittings.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HEER LEATHER BELT & SUSPENDERS

Lot #330 (Sale Order 419 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Heer soldier's leather belt with OD Green "Gott Mit Uns" buckle, on black leather. Comes with black leather 3-point suspenders with metal hooks. Suspenders are embossed "Wuppertal 1942." near one of the ends. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT CLASP IN BRONZE JFS

Lot #331 (Sale Order 420 of 952)

Die struck zinc construction clasp with a bronze washed finish. The clasp features a central square panel with a recessed background field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, positioned above a crossed bayonet and grenade, flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimpose on a ribbed, horizontal outward, pointing base. The recessed, central, square panel has a blued, magnetic sheet metal, backing plate positioned behind the eagle, bayonet and grenade motif which is held in place by small, crimped side tabs on the reverse. The solid reverse has a solid, soldered, hinge inset into a rectangular recess with raised lips, a broad, tapering, horizontal pin and a heavy soldered catch inset into a circular recess with raised lips all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed designer’s name and location, "F.E.C. W. E. Peekhaus Berlin", and the manufacturer’s stylized initials within a rectangular border, "JFS", indicating manufacture by Josef Feix Söhne of Gablonz. There is some heavy oxidation to the top and right ends of this badge. Very Good. The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 1st CLASS IRON CROSS SCREW BACK

Lot #332 (Sale Order 421 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy screw-back plate with a single embossed, horizontal rib, and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. Excellent. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 1st CLASS IRON CROSS SCREW BACK

Lot #333 (Sale Order 422 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy screw-back plate with a single embossed, horizontal rib, and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. The reverse of the screw-back plate cross is well marked with the embossed manufacturer's LDO code, "L21", indicating manufacture by Forest & Barth. Nice! On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP 40 & 25 YEAR SERVICE MEDALS

Lot #334 (Sale Order 423 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of medals or decorations to include 1) FORTY YEAR FAITHFUL SERVICE DECORATION. Die struck alloy, first class award with a fire gilt finish and black enamel work. The decoration is in the form of a cross Pattée with an embossed circular oak-leaf wreath extending between the arms of the cross. The center of the cross has a square plate with a black enameled static swastika to the obverse and embossed Gothic script to the reverse, "Für treue Dienste", (For Loyal Service). The arms of the cross have a slightly textured background with a smooth, dual stepped, raised outer edge. The fire gilt finish and black enamel are both intact and the decoration is still very bright. The ribbon suspension ring and loop are both intact and the decoration comes complete with an original piece of ribbed moiré cornflower blue ribbon. Excellent. 2) TWENTY-FIVE YEAR FAITHFUL SERVICE DECORATION. A second class, die struck alloy decoration with nickel-silver plated highlights, a frosted white finish and a black enamel swastika. The decoration is in the form of a cross Pattée with a circular oak-leaf wreath extending between the arms of the cross. The center of the cross has a square plate with a black enameled static swastika to the obverse, and the embossed Gothic script to the reverse, "Für treue Dienste" (For Loyal Service). The arms of the cross have a slightly textured background field with a smooth, dual stepped, raised outer edge. Complete with original ribbon with pin-back device. 3) TWENTY-FIVE YEAR FAITHFUL SERVICE DECORATION. A second class, die struck alloy decoration with nickel-silver plated highlights, a frosted white finish and a black enamel swastika. The decoration is in the form of a cross Pattée with a circular oak-leaf wreath extending between the arms of the cross. The center of the cross has a square plate with a black enameled static swastika to the obverse, and the embossed Gothic script to the reverse, "Für treue Dienste" (For Loyal Service). The arms of the cross have a slightly textured background field with a smooth, dual stepped, raised outer edge. Complete with original ribbon with pin-back device. On January 30th, 1938, Hitler instituted the Faithful Service Decoration, in three classes, to recognize long-serving civil servants and public works personnel. The decorations were intended to be an incentive for the civilian population to foster workplace loyalty and create a stable civil service. The three classes of the decoration consisted of the special class for fifty years of continuous service with the same employer in the free economic system, the first class decoration for forty years of service, and the second class for twenty-five years service. All three classes followed the same basic design, with minor variations

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOT OF LUFTWAFFE LUFTSCHUTZ ITEMS

Lot #335 (Sale Order 424 of 952)

WWII paper lot of the following items. 1) RLB 5 Jahre Reichsluftschutzbund or 5 years Reich Air Protection Association book measuring 11 1/2 X 12 1/2 inches and was printed April of 1933 and is basically a pictorial history of the RLB. 2) Luftschutz Taschenkalender 1941 or Air protection pocket calendar of 1941. Red hard cover book measuring 6 X 4 1/4 inches having 390 pages with a huge amount of advertisements of military goods and services. 3) Die Brandbekämpfung im Luftschutz or Firefighting in air protection. A 4 page instructional flyer describing how to fight fires. 4) Two Bescheinigung or Certificates for membership of the RLB named to Marie Hesse. 5) Paper Bag measuring 12 X 16 inches with the printed text Löschsand für Luftschutz Trocken einfüllen! Vor Feuchtigkeit schützen! Verwendung für Luftschutzzwecke mit Zustimmung der Reichsanstalt der Luftwaffe fur Luftschutz Papier-Industie Solingen GMBH. Solingen or Fill in dry sand for air protection! Protect from moisture! Use for air protection purposes with the approval of the Reichsanstalt der Luftwaffe for air protection paper industry Solingen GMBH. Solingen. All are in excellent condition. Formed in late 1932 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband (German Air Protection League), was a voluntary organization designed to provide civil air raid protection in large civilian centers. Shortly after Hitler’s ascension to power the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was restructured and placed under the supervision of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Ministry of Aviation), under the control of Hermann Göring. On April 29TH 1933 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was renamed RLB, Reichs Luftschutz Bund, (National Air Raid Protection League), and was given status as an official national organization tasked with all aspects of civil air raid defence. The RLB remained a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid, full-time uniformed officials to oversee the organizations functions until June 1935 when obligatory service was introduced. The RLB worked in close cooperation with the Feuerschutzpolizei, (Fire Protection Police), and other civil other air defense organizations such as the SHD, Sicherheits und Hilfs Dienst, (Security and Assistance Service), and the LSW, Luftschutzwarndienst, (Air Raid Warning Service). With a deep understanding of pageantry and symbolism, and its propaganda and psychological effectiveness, the NSDAP went to great lengths to reinforce their political party to the general populace of Germany, with repetitive slogans and the omnipresent use of the swastika. Swastikas adorned flags, banners and pennants and were utilized at every possible opportunity. Although not specifically an NSDAP organization the RLB also utilized flags that incorporated the RLB emblem with a swastika. The first pattern RLB emblem, (Circa 1933-1938/39), consisted of a forty-eight point white star burst pattern with the stylized initials, "RLB" to the center, positioned above a small, canted, swastika. In late 1938 or early 1939 the RLB emblem was redesigned and replaced the RLB letters with a large swastika. This second pattern RLB emblem was utilized for the duration of the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HITLER YOUTH HJ HIKE CAMP KNIFE

Lot #336 (Sale Order 425 of 952)

The early, (Circa 1933-1938) HJ camp knife with blade motto has a roughly 5 1/8" (13 cm) long drop forged steel construction single edged non-fullered nickel/silver plated blade and a full length including the hilt of roughly 9 1/4" (23.6 cm). The obverse of the blade has the acid etched motto, "Blut und Ehre!" (Blood and Honor) in a facsimile of RJF von Schirach’s handwriting. Maker marked to Schuttlehöfer. The blackened leather washer is still intact. The tooled steel construction hilt features a single, up-swept, cross guard arm and a stylized eagle head pommel. The knife has molded, black, diamond grooved, bakelite grips with dual, small, dome headed, alloy retaining rivets fully intact. The obverse grip has an embedded enameled and silver washed alloy HJ diamond. The HJ diamond features red enamel top and bottom quarters and white enamel side quarters with a central, canted, black enamel swastika. The diamond has the correct translucent red enamel with a pebbled field visible underneath. The knife comes with it’s original magnetic sheet metal scabbard. Straps and snap are all complete. Nice example. The origins of the Hitler Jugend, (Hitler Youth), may be traced back to March 1922 with the formation of the Jugendbund der NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (Youth League of the National Socialist German Worker’s Party), under control of the SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment). In April 1924 the Jugendbund der NSDAP was renamed Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung (Greater German Youth Movement), and on July 4TH 1926 the Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung was officially renamed Hitler Jugend Bund der deutschen Arbeiterjugend, (Hitler Youth League of German Worker Youth). The HJ Fahrtenmesser, (Hike/Camp knife), was introduced in early 1933 and was the first blade sidearm to be officially sanctioned by the NSDAP. Of Note: Although the HJ camp knife was the first, officially sanctioned, blade, side arm the SA dagger was the first, officially sanctioned, dagger. Originally the camp knife was intended for wear by all HJ members regardless of rank but in 1937 a presentation Leader’s dagger was introduced for wear by the ranks of Gefolgschaftsführer to Reichsjugendführer and the camp knife was relegated for wear by the ranks of Hauptgefolgschaftsführer and below. An additional NSDAP party formation, the DJ Deutsche Jugend, (German Youth), with members, aged 10-14, were also permitted wear of the HJ camp knife. The distribution of the HJ camp knife was controlled by the NSDAP and was dependant on the recipient successfully completing the appropriate proficiency requirements and tests. After meeting the requirements the individual was still responsible for purchasing the HJ camp knife through official channels. Regulations stated that the HJ camp knife was only to be worn while the recipient was in uniform, although it is highly doubtful that young boys/men adhered to these regulations unless they were strictly enforced. Originally the HJ camp knives had a blade inscription with the HJ motto, "Blut und Ehre!", (Blood and Honor), inscribed in a facsimile of the HJ Reichsjugendführer, (Hitler Youth National Youth Leader), Baldur von Schirach’s handwriting, but in August 1938 the blade inscription was discontinued. Of Note: The HJ was an official NSDAP formation and as a result it’s uniforms and equipment items fell under the authority of the RZM, Reich Zeug Meisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster). The RZM, was officially founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP, as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, including the HJ, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for Party formations met required specification and were standardized. Uniforms and equipment items manufactured for the HJ came under the quality control of the RZM and were generally marked by the appropriate RZM approval/acceptance markings. Further production of the HJ camp knives was official discontinued in October 1942.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DAF MARKED BOWL LOT OF 2

Lot #336a (Sale Order 426 of 952)

This set of fire glazed white stoneware bowls, is roughly 23cm in diameter. The bottom of the bowl is well marked with a green printed under glaze, manufacturer mark and a DAF emblem consisting of a multi-cogged wheel encompassing a canted swastika and surrounded by script, "Modell des amtes Schönheit der Arbeit" (Official Pattern, Beauty of Labour.) The bowls have some light surface scratches and wear, but remains to be very nice examples. The DAF, Deutsche Arbeitsfront, (German Labor Front), originally founded on May 2ND 1933, became an official NSDAP organization on October 24TH 1934. Its stated purpose was to educate the workers in industry and commerce for smooth and efficient operation of all labor in the Third Reich. The structure of the DAF was basically the same as the NSDAP with different political levels of organization. Due to the diversification in labor the DAF was divided into sub-sections for specific trades and/or professions and it also controlled the KdF, Kraft durch Freude, (Strength through Joy), organization which provided recreation for workers. In 1934 the SdA, Schönheit der Arbeit" (Beauty of Labor), organization was established as a sub-section of the KdF under the control of Albert Speer who was responsible for improving working conditions in factories, including setting up canteens and supplying the flatware and cutlery. However, the DAF’s most important goal was to enforce the political stability of the large mass of the work force.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY OFFICER'S DAGGER WKC WW2

Lot #337 (Sale Order 427 of 952)

The dagger features a roughly, 26cm long drop forged steel construction nickel/silver plated stiletto style blade with a flat central ridge. Blade shows typical scabbard runner marks. Reverse ricasso is well marked with deeply acid etched manufacturers logo of a medieval style helmet and script "WKC Solingen" indicating manufacture by Weyersberg, Kirschbaum & Co. Waffenfabrik Solingen-Wald. The original brown leather washer is still intact. The dagger has a cast alloy nickel/silver plated cross guard, ferrule, and pommel. The obverse cross guard features the embossed army eagle with outstretched wings and a plain reverse. The ferrule and pommel both feature embossed repeating oak-leaf patterns. The dagger has a molded, yellow celluloid grip with the correct diagonally angled ribbing. The dagger comes with its original, tooled, sheet metal, nickel/silver plated scabbard with a random pebbled pattern to both the obverse and reverse and smooth side panels. Both of the sweated on scabbard bands with a repeating, horizontally embossed oak-leave pattern and the hanger suspension rings are intact. Throat retaining screws are also intact. Excellent Traditionally German Army Officer’s had worn a saber as part of the uniform dress and this tradition was carried on through the Weimar era and on into the Third Reich. In an attempt to build morale and curry favour within the Army, Hitler introduced the dress dagger for optional wear with the walking out dress, and retained the saber for wear on more formal occasions. The dress dagger was designed by Berlin graphic artist Paul Casberg and was officially approved for wear on May 4TH 1935 along with specifically styled dagger hangers and a new pattern portepee. Production of the dress dagger was to be discontinued as per regulations of May 27TH 1943 and further wear of the dress dagger was prohibited by order of September 5TH 1944. Additional regulations of December 23RD 1944 indicated that officer ranks were to wear a pistol in place of the dress dagger.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP NATIONAL FLAG WW2 51 X 106

Lot #338 (Sale Order 428 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 51 X 106 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Worn and sun faded with staining. Tunnel loop present with rope, very good Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DOVE HEAD OFFICERS SWORD WW2

Lot #339 (Sale Order 429 of 952)

WWII German doves head dress sword maker marked Paul Sielhimer of Solingen Oak leaf design in hilt with black wire wrapped celluloid grip "P" knuckle bow and saddled back strap. Retains 80% enamel on rolled steel scabbard. Blade is very good. Overall EXCELLENT condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FEUERSCHUTZPOLIZEI BERCHTESGADEN

Lot #340 (Sale Order 430 of 952)

WWII Nazi German fire police tunic from Berchtesgaden. The Feuerschutzpolizei or?Fire Protection Police was formed in 1938-39 in the IIIrd Reich and attached to the Ordnungspolizei when the municipal fire brigades were transferred to the national police. Gradually the traditional red and blue uniforms were replaced by the green police uniforms and police ranks. This early blue uniform is for an NCO, Wachmeister in the Fire Police as evidenced by the collar and shoulder ranks and stationed in Berchtesgaden based on the sleeve eagle. There were units in 86 German cities as well as 6 mobile firefighting regiments. This blouse is in excellent all original condition. It is actually a fairly scarce uniform with only about 12,500 members with only a few stationed at Berchtesgaden. Adolf Hitler had been vacationing in the Berchtesgaden area since the 1920s. He purchased a home in the Obersalzberg above the town on the flank of the Hoher Goll and began extensive renovations on his Berghof in the following years. As other top Third Reich figures, such as Hermann Göring, Joseph Goebbels, Martin Bormann, Heinrich Himmler, and Albert Speer, began to frequent the area the Party began to purchase and requisition land in the Obersalzberg. In order to serve as an outpost of the German Reichskanzlei (Imperial Chancellery), Berchtesgaden and its environs (Stanggass) saw substantial expansion of offices, security, and support services, mainly on the Obersalzberg. Included in the town were a new railway station, with a reception area for Hitler and his guests, and an adjacent post office. The Berchtesgadener Hof Hotel, where famous visitors such as Neville Chamberlain and David Lloyd George stayed, was substantially upgraded. Even though a feared "national redoubt" last stand of the Nazi Regime in the Alps failed to materialize late in World War II, the Allies launched a devastating air raid on the Berchtesgaden area in the spring of 1945. Concentrated on the Obersalzberg, the April 25 bombing did little damage to the town. On May 4, forward elements of the 7th Infantry Regiment of the 3rd Infantry Division arrived and received the town's surrender. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted on June 25TH 1936 to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations replaced the previously worn blue uniforms with a new style police green uniform that was utilized, with minor modifications, until the end of the war. Generally the Feuerschutzpolizei, (Fire Protection Police), were distinguished from other police personnel with navy blue uniforms and headgear as opposed to the police green uniforms of the other police agencies. The police were divided into eight assorted branches of service and during the restructuring the different police agencies were assigned specific identifying, truppenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with the Feuerschutzpolizei being allocated carmine truppenfarbe. On the service tunic the truppenfarbe was generally displayed as the base of the shoulder boards/straps and the collar tabs as well as on ornamental piping. Police Officers holding the rank of Polizei-Leutnant to Generaloberst der Polizei were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and could purchase them through the SS-Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system which was originally established in Munich in 1935. The Officers were allotted a one time clothing allowance from the government with the amount varying depending on the individuals rank. The ranks of Polizei Unterwachtmeister to Polizei-Obermeister were issued their uniforms although they could also choose to purchase privately tailored garments of higher quality although the price may have been restrictive. Of Note: The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CAST STEEL EAGLE

Lot #341 (Sale Order 431 of 952)

Steel cast Nazi eagle & swastika wall hanging. Marked on the back "Alleinhersteller" and "J. Kaiser & Co. Uckermunde." Measures approximately 14" x 10". Very Good - Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP PARTY PENNANT

Lot #342 (Sale Order 432 of 952)

Double-sided with cord and metal hook for hanging. Measures approximately 7" x 22" Nazi Party pennant with bevo style swastika. Cloth maker's tag on the spine reads "Vietorsche Kunstanstal Wiesbaden." Swastika is coming loose on both sides. Moth nips near the edges. Good

9 WWII NAZI GERMAN DAGGER, BAYONET, SWORD KNOTS

Lot #343 (Sale Order 433 of 952)

Lot of 9 WWII Nazi German sword knots. Condition and color varies. Very Good - Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN FIREMAN'S BAYONET & SCABBARD

Lot #344 (Sale Order 434 of 952)

Unsigned Fireman's Bayonet with scabbard with "S" curve cross guard. Chrome over zinc fittings at the handle. Zinc has become corroded and cracked grips. Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN SILVER BRAID CHEST & HAT CORDS

Lot #345 (Sale Order 435 of 952)

WWII Nazi German silver braid chest cord & matching hat cord. As worn by Luftwaffe officers. Very Good - Excellent

NAZI M34 DOUBLE DECAL FEUERSCHUTZPOLIZEI HELMET

Lot #345a (Sale Order 436 of 952)

The stamped, sheet steel construction, civic M34 helmet retains most of its original black satin finish paint . The left side of the helmet has a silver bordered, black based, police decal with the second pattern, silver, wreathed police eagle as introduced on July 28TH 1936. The decal is retained about 95%. The right side of the helmet has a party shield decal which is retained about 98%. The helmet has two separate, groups of seven, "salt & pepper" ventilation holes positioned on each side of the crown. All four of the flat headed liner retaining rivets are intact. Complete liner and chinstrap system. Size marked 56. Super nice helmet. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. Beside the basic army style helmets the Germans also produced a wide variety of civic style helmets with no fewer then nine assorted variants of the model M34. These civic style helmets were utilized by assorted civilian and para-military organizations including the police. Shortly after Hitler ascension to power in January 1933 regulations indicated that police helmets were to have a canted white swastika applied to the right side and the Prussian state color shield applied to the left side until further regulations of April 23RD 1934 altered the Prussian state shield to the national tri-color shield. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country including the Feuerschutzpolizei, (Fire Protection Police). The new dress regulations included an attempt to standardize the helmets of the police. On July 28TH 1936 regulations once again altered the insignia on the police helmets with the new wreathed police eagle emblem to be applied to the left side of the helmet and the NSDAP party shield applied to the right side. The July 1936 police helmet insignia was utilized for the duration of the war.

WWII NSDAP NAZI PARTY ARMBAND

Lot #346 (Sale Order 437 of 952)

Printed cotton swastika armband. No tags or stamps. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN DAGGER & SWORD HANGER CHAIN LOT

Lot #347 (Sale Order 438 of 952)

Leather hanger and sword hanger chain for WWII Nazi German edged weapons. Leather exhibits age and wear. Some aging to the chains. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN M40 LUFTSCHUTZ HELMET WW2

Lot #348 (Sale Order 439 of 952)

Luftschutz combat helmet, M40 style, with leather liner and chinstrap and cork. Sweatband / crown leather is stamped "57" and is missing the string in the center. Very Good

WWI IMPERIAL GERMAN M1918 HELMET WW1

Lot #349 (Sale Order 440 of 952)

WWI era German helmet shell, model 1918. Has replaced liner and chinstrap. New chinstrap is stamped "57-61." Large dent in the back of the helmet which looks like a bullet strike which did not penetrate the shell. Dark green finish. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE 7X50 BINOCULARS WW2

Lot #350 (Sale Order 441 of 952)

Light weight, cast alloy construction binocular bodies with aluminum and Bakelite fittings. Binocular bodies with a rough textured black leather covering with some usage. Aluminum fittings have a smooth black paint with spots worn down to the aluminum. Both black bakelite eye sockets intact and focus adjustments still function. Optics are crystal clear and in excellent condition. Right hand side ocular end well marked "7x50", (7 power magnification with a 50mm diameter objective lens) and with makers code blc, "Carl Zeiss". Left hand side ocular end also well marked with impressed Eagle and "M" signifying naval use. The optics are housed in a US Naval binocular rubber case that is complete with neck strap. Excellent. The German armed forces used a wide variety of optical enhancement items with the 6 x 30 power, (6 power magnification with a 30mm diameter objective lens), binoculars being the standard issue optics utilized by all branches of service. Although the 6 x 30 power binoculars were the standard issue the Kriegsmarine utilized a variety of stronger powered binoculars which were regularly issued to naval commanders, watch and deck personnel and included the 7 x 50 power and larger binoculars.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY PARATROOPER'S BADGE JUNCKER

Lot #351 (Sale Order 442 of 952)

Two piece, die struck alloy construction badge with gilded and silver washed finishes. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a small Wehrmacht style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing a stylized diving eagle. The stylized diving eagle shows nice detailing including spread talons. The eagle is attached to the wreath by two, small, dome headed rivets which are visible to the reverse. The reverse of the wreath has a barrel type hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact. C. E. Juncker production example. As a result of observations of the Russian experimentation with the newly developing paratroop personnel in 1928 the Germans began serious consideration of also developing paratroop units and plans were drawn up for formation of such units in late 1935. Both the Luftwaffe and Army eventually established paratrooper units, consisting of voluntary personnel, on January 29TH 1936 and March 31ST 1937 respectively and a paratroop training school was established at Stendal in early 1937. On September 1ST 1937, Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres, (Commander in Chief of the Army), Generaloberst Freiherr Werner von Fritsch established the Army Paratroopers qualification badge for award to personnel of the Fallschirm-Infanterie Bataillon, (Parachute Infantry Battalion), who had written the required tests and completed five parachute jumps. Individuals who were awarded the badge were obligated to requalify annually, with a minimum of six parachute jumps, in order to retain it. On January 1ST 1939 the army’s Fallschirm-Infanterie Battalion was transferred to the control of the Luftwaffe and became "II.Bataillion Fallschirmjäger Regiment 1". These two battalions would become the nucleus of the 7.Flieger (Fallschirm) Division. As a result of this transfer the Army Paratroopers Badge was discontinued in favor of the Luftwaffe’s Paratroopers Badge, although holders of the Army pattern badge were allowed to retain it. Of Note: On June 1ST 1943 the Army Parachute Badge was reinstituted for award to qualifying personnel serving with the 15./Brandenburg Fallschirm-Kompanie, (15TH Paratroop Company), of the Brandenburg Division. It is believed the cloth version of the badge wasn’t introduced until in was reinstated in 1943 and then only in a machine embroidered pattern as opposed to most cloth badges that were generally in a hand embroidered versions for Officers ranks and in a machine embroidered version for EM/NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE AIR GUNNER'S BADGE WW2

Lot #352 (Sale Order 443 of 952)

Die struck alloy construction badge with silver wash. The badge is in the form of a nicely convexed, vertically oval wreath with laurel leaves to the left side and oak-leaves to the right side with a swastika superimposed to the bottom center. Mounted on the wreath is a highly vaunted, stylized eagle in flight clutching dual lightening bolts in its talons. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two small dome headed rivets which are visible on the reverse. The eagles wing tips extend just beyond the outer edge of the wreath. The badge shows nice quality detailing including a cut-out to the top arm of the swastika and additional cut-outs to the lightening bolts. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. The reverse of the eagle is well marked with the stamped, manufacturers name "C. E. Juncker Berlin SW" The Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s qualification badge was introduced by Hermann Göring on March 26TH 1936 for award to radio operators, air gunners and mechanics who had met the required criteria. The Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s badge was awarded on an individual basis and the main criteria for bestowal of the award was the completion of five operational flights over enemy territory or a minimum of two months active service. As with other flyer’s specialty badges a cloth version of the Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s Badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officer’s. Of Note: After the introduction of the Air Gunner’s badge on June 22ND 1942, the Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s badge was re-designated Bordfunkerabzeichen, (Wireless Operator’s Badge), and was bestowed exclusively to Wireless Operators.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 75 GENERAL ASSAULT BADGE JFS WW2

Lot #353 (Sale Order 444 of 952)

Large, multi-piece, solid backed, die struck alloy construction badge with burnished blued and fire gilded finishes features a vertically oval, embossed, oak-leaf wreath encompassing a separate, high relief Wehrmacht styled eagle with down-swept wings and a canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed bayonet and stick grenade. The eagle is attached to the wreath by four small dome headed rivets which are visible on the reverse. The eagle, bayonet and grenade natural gray of the base metal and the wreath retains about 95% of its original fire gilded finish to the front. The bottom center of the wreath has a small horizontally, rectangular panel with a separate, inset panel with a black background field with the embossed, gilt numerals, "75" and a raised outer edge. The black finish to the background field is retained about 90% while the gilt finish to the numerals and outer edge are retained about 99%. The reverse of the badge has a barrel hinge inset into a rectangular recess with raised, crimped, retaining lips, a broad, tapering vertical pin and a soldered catch on a circular base plate inset into a circular recess with raised, crimped retaining lips all intact. The bayonet and grenade both have a subtle scooped reverse. The reverse of the wreath is well marked with the embossed, stylized, manufacturer's initials within a rectangular border circular border, "JFS", indicating manufacture by Josef Feix & Söhne of Gablonz. The General Assault Badge was Introduced on June 1ST 1940, by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, for award to support personnel who were ineligible for the Infantry or Panzer Assault badges. Criteria for award of the badge was basically the same as the criteria for award of the Infantry and Panzer Assault badges with the main qualification being participation in three separate assaults in a supporting role. On its introduction the badge was only intended for award to combat engineers and was designated, Pionier-Sturmabzeichen, (Engineer’s Assault Badge). Shortly after its introduction bestowal of the badge was extended to other support personnel including artillery and assault gun personnel, anti-tank and anti-aircraft personnel and medical personnel. Of Note: Before the introduction of the Tank Destruction Strip in March 1942, personnel who had single handedly destroyed an enemy tank with Infantry weapons were awarded the General Assault Badge. By 1943 it was realized that the General Assault Badge didn’t sufficiently recognize the number of assaults that the support personnel participated in which resulted in the introduction of four numbered Special Grade of the General Assault Badges on June 22ND 1943. The Special Grade badges followed the basic design of their predecessor but were larger, multi-piece construction awards, with the addition of a rectangular numbered plate to the bottom center of the wreath. The Special Grade badges were issued with the numerals 25, 50, 75 and 100 to represent the ever-growing number of assaults participated in.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ORDER OF THE GERMAN EAGLE WW2

Lot #354 (Sale Order 445 of 952)

German Eagle Order by Godet; 1st Class without swords, in silver gilt and enamels (50mm x 50mm), of very fine quality. Silver content marked "900" and maker marked "21" for Godet Berlin on the ring. All enamels intact without chipping to the front but with a chip to the reverse as done with being worn, excellent fire gilding. Full length, 45mm wide neck ribbon. Nice! As a result of Germany’s defeat in WWI and the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in November 1918, Germany enacted a new, liberally democratic, constitution in August 1919, (Weimar Republic, Circa 1919-1933), that official abolished the Germanic monarchy and also discontinued all awards and decorations that had been bestowed by the monarchy, although recipients of such awards and decorations were permitted to retain them. The Weimar Republic era was plagued with numerous problems that ranged from the restrictions imposed by the victorious allies in the Treaty of Versailles to mass civil unrest, as well as uncontrollable unemployment and inflation. Although the Weimar Republic era government had a diplomatic corps it did not reinstate the Imperial German awards or decorations or institute any new awards or decorations for bestowal to foreign Statesmen, diplomats and dignitaries. This lack of a visibly appreciative gesture for foreign dignitaries was a political and diplomatic embarrassment for the Germans and as a result on May 1ST 1937 Adolf Hitler instituted the series of the Meritorious Order of the German Eagle specifically for bestowal to deserving, foreign Statesmen, diplomats and dignitaries. Of Note: There were a few exceptions of bestowal of the Order of the German Eagle with the German diplomat and Foreign Affairs Minister, (1938-1945), Joachim von Ribbentrop being conferred a Special Degree of the Order of the German Eagle on February 4TH 1938 and German diplomat and Foreign Affairs Minister (1932-1938), Constantin von Neurath also being conferred a Special Degree of the Order of the German Eagle on April 29TH 1939. Originally the Order of the German Eagle was instituted in six varying grades with regulations of April 20TH 1939 establishing an additional grade, the Grand Cross of the Order of the German Eagle in Gold, along with permission for the addition of crossed swords for the other grades of the award when it was to be issued to personnel who had displayed distinguished military merit. Further regulation of December 27TH 1943 revised and expanded the grades of the Order of the German Eagle to a total of nine. Interestingly the designations of the 1943 versions of the awards were altered to, "Class", (Klasse), instead of previous designation of, "Degree", (Stufe). Although the basic design of the Meritorious Order of the German Eagle was retained with the 1939 and 1943 revisions and expansions there were subtle difference, primarily in the ribbon suspension loops and rings, where applicable, and the manufacturer’s markings. Of Interest: Notable recipients of one of the Meritorious Order of the German Eagle include Italy’s Duce Benito Mussolini who was conferred a unique, one of a kind, Grand Cross of the Order of the German Eagle with Diamonds, Spain’s Generalissimo Francisco Franco, Bulgaria’s Tsar Boris III, Hungary’s Regent Admiral Nicholas Horthy, Romania’s Marshal Ion Victor Antonescu, Finland’s President Risto Heikki Ryti and Field Marshall Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, among others. Of Note: After the revisions and expansions of the awards in 1943 this example was re-designated as a 3rd Class award.

WW2 NAZI EARLY ORDER OF THE GERMAN EAGLE 2nd CLASS

Lot #355 (Sale Order 446 of 952)

Die struck, silver, 2th class award, with white enamel work and fire gilded finish. Award in the form of a 50mm square, Maltese style cross with white enamel arms. National eagles with down swept wings, clutching wreathed swastikas are seated between each of the crosses arms. Background of wreathed swastika is also in white enamel. Enamel all fully intact and still quite bright and clean. Reverse is complete with original pin and catch. Marked "Silber 900". Deschler & Sohn of München production example. Nice example & Scarce! Originally instituted in May 1937, in varying degrees for award to foreign political dignitaries. The award was modified and other degrees were added in 1939, and again in 1943. The last version of these awards were designated class instead of degree. Also in 1939 crossed swords were added to the award when it was to be issued to personnel who had displayed distinguished military merit.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE NAVAL COMBAT CLASP

Lot #356 (Sale Order 447 of 952)

The Naval Front Clasp was a World War II German military decoration awarded to officers and men of the Kriegsmarine in recognition of long front line service for all naval units except the submarine service which had their own clasp to award. This bronze clasp was awarded for service or valor above that of the basic war badge. The award was instituted on 19 November 1944 by Grand Admiral Karl Donitz. The reverse is marked with a numeral 1 to the reverse. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY 25 PANZER ASSAULT BADGE WW2

Lot #357 (Sale Order 448 of 952)

Large, roughly, 2 1/2" (6.3 cm) tall 1 3/4" (4.5 cm) wide three piece die struck alloy construction scooped backed badge with silver and black finishes, is in the form of a broad vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with acorns and a Wehrmacht (Armed Forces) style eagle with down-swept wings clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons superimpose to the top center encompassing the cut-out forward profile of a tank. The tank barrel, one track and a fender overlap the wreath on the right hand side. The separate scooped backed tank is secured to the wreath by two small natural aluminum dome headed rivets which are visible to the reverse. The wreath, eagle and tank retain over 95% of their original age and usage darkened silver washed finish and all show nice detailing. The bottom, center, of the wreath has a small horizontally rectangular panel with a separate inset plate with the embossed numeral "25" and a raised outer edge. The inset numerals and raised edge retain over 95% of their original gilt wash while the black wash to the background field is also over 95% retained. The reverse of the badge has a soldered crimped magnetic barrel type hinge on a rectangular base plate, inset into a rectangular recess with raised crimped securing lips a broad tapering magnetic vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch inset into a circular recess with raised securing lips all intact. The badge has no visible manufacturer’s markings. Very nice high grade combat award. The Panzer Assault Badge in silver was instituted by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch on December 20TH 1939 for award to all ranks of tank personnel who served as a tank commander, driver, gunner or radio operator and had been involved in three different armored assaults on three different days. The institution order indicated the criteria for award of the badge was to be effective as of January 1ST 1940. On June 1ST 1940 a Bronze version of the Panzer Assault Badge was introduced for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel who participated in three different armored assaults on three different days. By June 1943 it was realized that the Panzer Assault Badges didn’t sufficiently recognize the number of assaults participated in, which resulted in the introduction of the numbered, Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge on June 22ND 1943. The numbered, Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge were awarded with the numerals, 25, 50, 75 and 100. The numbered badges followed the basic design of their un-numbered predecessors but were larger and had the addition of an inset, rectangular, plate with the appropriate numeral applied to the bottom of the wreath. The 25 and 50 versions of the Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge in silver had a silver wreath encompassing a black tank while the 75 and 100 versions featured a gilt wreath and tank. The 25 and 50 bronze version of the Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel had a bronze wreath and tank while the 75 and 100 versions has a gilt wreath with a bronzed tank.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT CLASP IN BRONZE WW2

Lot #358 (Sale Order 449 of 952)

Die struck zinc construction clasp. The clasp features a central square panel with a recessed background field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, positioned above a crossed bayonet and grenade, flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimpose on a ribbed, horizontal outward, pointing base. The recessed, central, square panel has a blued, magnetic sheet metal, backing plate positioned behind the eagle, bayonet and grenade motif which is held in place by six small, crimped side dots on the reverse. The solid reverse has a solid, soldered, hinge, a broad, tapering, horizontal pin and catch. This is the "6 dot" examples produced by W. Hobacher. Scarce with 90% of it's original finish. The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FLAK ARTILLERY WAR BADGE BY W.H.

Lot #359 (Sale Order 450 of 952)

Two piece, die struck alloy construction, partially scoop backed badge with a silver wash is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a separate, Luftwaffe style eagle, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, affixed to the top center. The wreath encompasses the cut-out, profile of an 88mm anti-aircraft gun with the gun barrel extending beyond the edge of the wreath. The badge features nice detailing including cut-outs to the swastika’s arms and feathering to the eagle’s wings and tail. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. Reverse is well marked with stylized, embossed manufacturer's initials, "W.H.", indicating manufacture by Walter & Henlein, Gablonz a.d./Neckar. The Flak Artillery War Badge was introduced by Hermann Göring on January 10TH 1941, for award to air defence crews including searchlight and sound detection personnel. Originally the Flak Artillery War Badge was awarded to personnel for both aerial and ground target victories until the introduction of the Luftwaffe Ground Assault Badge on March 31ST 1942, after which the Flak Artillery War Badge was only awarded for successful aerial target victories. Bestowal of the award was originally rendered on a point structure system with sixteen points required to be presented the badge, although the criteria was modified during the war. Of Note: The Flak arm is often viewed as a secondary arm of service within the Luftwaffe when in fact during the war between half and two thirds of all Luftwaffe personnel served in it.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE GLIDER SQUADRON SILVER CLASP

Lot #360 (Sale Order 451 of 952)

Two piece, die struck alloy construction clasp with bright and burnished silver washed finishes. The clasp is in the form of a bright silver washed, central, circular, embossed, laurel leaf wreath, with a static swastika superimposed to the bottom center, encompassing a separate, cut-out, burnished, stylized eagle in flight clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is secured to the clasp with a single, small, dome headed, rivet which is visible on the reverse. The clasp has three, overlapping, parallel, rows of embossed oak-leaves extending horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. The clasp shows nice detailing. The solid reverse of the clasp has a small, soldered, barrel type hinge, a broad tapering horizontal pin, and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The clasp has no visible manufacturer’s markings. The Transport and Glider Squadron Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on on November 19TH 1941, as the fourth clasp in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. Besides the original three clasps five more Operational flying clasps were introduced between November 1941 and April 1944, and by mid-1942 many pilots and air crews were surpassing the number of Operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Reichsmarschall Herman Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights over one hundred and ten with a prescribed number of operational flights required for award depending on the type of clasp. In the case of the Transport and Glider Squadron Clasp the star burst pendant device signified five hundred operational flights. On April 29TH 1944 a numbered pendant was introduced as personnel’s operational flight numbers even exceeded the prescribed number required for the star-burst pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NAVY AUXILIARY CRUISER WAR BADGE

Lot #361 (Sale Order 452 of 952)

Auxiliary Cruiser War Badge French Made In zinc, wreath gilded, unmarked but typical badge by French maker Bacqueville, Paris, 41.28x55.17mm, weighs 27.1 grams, in very fine condition. The Auxiliary Cruiser War Badge was instituted on April 24TH 1941, by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder, for award to armed Merchant Marine personnel, to recognise their contribution in harassing and sinking Allied merchant ships. The Auxiliary Cruisers, also designated, HSK, Handels-Stör-Kreuzer, (Merchant/Trade-Disruption-Cruisers), were an assortment of German merchant ships, in the 7,000 GRT displacement range, that were secretly refitted with armaments and sailed under the pretense of neutral ships, flying neutral country’s and even Allied flags thereby taking the Allies by surprise. Many of the Auxiliary Cruisers were also outfitted with false funnels and other camouflage techniques to disguise their actual purpose. The armaments of the Auxiliary Cruisers usually consisted of six, 15cm guns, two to six torpedo tubes and a variety of 40mm, 37mm and 20mm automatic guns and most were also equipped with either Arado Ar 196 or Heinkel He114, reconnaissance aircraft. The Komet, HSK-7, the Kormoran HSK-8 and the Michel, HSK-9 were also outfitted with small torpedo boats. The Auxiliary Cruisers were credited with sinking roughly 800,000 tons of Allied shipping during the war. Of the eleven main Auxiliary Cruisers, six were sunk by enemy action, one burnt in Yokohama harbor, one was scuttled after battle damage, one was decommissioned and the remaining two were captured by the Allies at the end of the war. Of Note: Generally the early production Auxiliary Cruiser War Badges had the separate likeness of the globe attached by a single rivet, while later war production versions were manufactured as a single piece.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NAVY HIGH SEAS FLEET WAR BADGE

Lot #362 (Sale Order 453 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, nicely convexed, alloy construction badge with fire gilt and burnished finishes. The badge features a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings superimposed to the top center, encompassing a nicely detailed, cut-out, "face on", likeness of the battleship Bismarck cutting through waves. The original fire gilt finish to the wreath and eagle is fully retained and still quite bright. The solid reverse of the badge is slightly concaved. The reverse has a solid, soldered hinge, a thin vertical pin and a soldered catch all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed with the initials R.S. indicating manufacture by Rudolf Souval of Wien, (Vienna). The High Seas Fleet War Badge was instituted by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder on April 30TH 1941 to recognise the actions of personnel serving on German battleships and cruisers in the battle against England. Bestowal criteria varied with the main qualification being twelve weeks of active service on a battleship or cruiser.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER ASSAULT BADGE SILVER WW2

Lot #363 (Sale Order 454 of 952)

Die struck alloy construction, solid backed, badge with a silver washed finish features a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in its talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the forward, cut-out, profile of a tank. Obverse has a beautiful toned silver finish. Reverse still retains all of the original bright silver finish as well. The reverse has a crimped hinge inset into a rectangle shaped recess, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch. The reverse is well marked with the embossed designer’s logo indicating manufacture by Hermann Wernstein of Jena-Jobstadt. The Panzer Assault Badge in silver was instituted by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch on December 20TH 1939 for award to all ranks of tank personnel who served as a tank commander, driver, gunner or radio operator and had been involved in three different armored assaults on three different days. The institution order indicated the criteria for award of the badge was to be effective as of January 1ST 1940. Of Note: On June 1ST 1940 a Bronze version of the Panzer Assault Badge was introduced for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel who participated in three different armored assaults on three different days. Also Of Note: By June 1943 it was realized that the Panzer Assault Badge didn’t sufficiently recognize the number of assaults participated in by armored personnel, which resulted in the introduction of the numbered Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge in both silver and bronze versions on June 22ND 1943. The numbered Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge were awarded with the numerals, 25, 50, 75 and 100. The numbered badges followed the basic design of their un-numbered predecessors but were larger and had the addition of an inset rectangular plate with a numeral to the bottom of the wreath

WWII NAZI GERMAN INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE L/14 WW2

Lot #364 (Sale Order 455 of 952)

Roughly 2 1/2", tall, 1 7/8", wide, vertically oval, die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht, (Armed-Forces), style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in its talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, bolt action rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. Badge is maker marked L/14 indicating the maker F. Ort. A very beautiful badge! The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE BY FLL WW2

Lot #365 (Sale Order 456 of 952)

Roughly 2 1/2", tall, 1 7/8", wide, vertically oval, die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht, (Armed-Forces), style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in its talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, bolt action rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. Badge is marked with the initials FLL, with each initial encompassed by a circular border indicating manufacture by Friedrich Linden of Ludenscheid. The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE M.K. 1 WW2

Lot #366 (Sale Order 457 of 952)

Roughly 2 1/2", tall, 1 7/8", wide, vertically oval, die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht, (Armed-Forces), style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in its talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, bolt action rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. Badge is maker marked M.K.1. A very beautiful badge! The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE S-BOAT WAR BADGE WW2

Lot #367 (Sale Order 458 of 952)

Die struck, French made, zinc alloy, first pattern S-boat badge. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a small national eagle with out-stretched wings superimposed to the top center, encompassing a short length, tall silhouette, S-boat, cutting through the waves. The badge is nicely detailed with the forward torpedo tube, pilots bridge and a flag all clearly visible. The boat and the waves both overlap the oak-leaf wreath. The reverse has a soldered, solid hinge, a horizontal, broad tapering pin, catch and a small vertical retaining hook all intact. Excellent Due to restrictions imposed on the German’s as a result of the Treaty of Versailles at the close of WWI, the German Navy was limited to a prescribed number of vessels and were not permitted to construct any further vessels with more then 10,000 tons displacement. The restrictions imposed by the Allies also included the surrender of all German submarines with no further submarines to be constructed. On evaluating the use of torpedoes during WWI the German Navy High Command came to the conclusion that a small, fast, surface vessel equipped with torpedoes would help balance out the deficiencies that the navy was forced to endure in comparison to other potentially enemy navies. This resulted in the construction of a variety of small, fast Schnellboot’s, (Patrol/Torpedo Boats), with torpedo capability. These Schnellboot’s were manufactured at both the Lürssen and Vegesack shipyards and ranged from 23 to 105 tons of displacement, well under the Treaties size/weight restrictions. By the end of the war the Germans had produced two hundred forty-nine S-Boats. On May 30TH 1941, Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder introduced the S-Boat War Badge for award to S-Boat personnel who met the required criteria. The main criteria for bestowal of the badge was a minimum of twelve sorties against the enemy. Prior to the introduction of the, S-Boat War Badge, S-Boat personnel were awarded the Destroyers War Badge if they fulfilled the required criteria. Of Note: A second pattern S-Boat War Badge, with minor variations, was introduced in January 1943. The introduction of the second pattern badge resulted in this first pattern badge only being in active circulation for nineteen months although personnel awarded the first pattern badge would have continued to wear it through-out the war. Also Of Note: In popular collector terminology these badges are most often referred to as the E-Boat Badge, utilizing the English WWII designation with the "E" indicating, "Enemy".

WWII GERMAN NAZI 2ND CLASS FIRE BRIGADE MEDAL WW2

Lot #368 (Sale Order 459 of 952)

Die struck alloy, second class decoration with a silver wash and black, white and red enamel work. The decoration is in the form of a Greek style cross with a central, separate circular medallion and an additional circular ring running between the arms of the cross. The cross arms have a white enamel base with a fine silver washed outer border stripe and red enameled "flames" to each. The central medallion also has a white enamel base with a black canted enamel swastika and a fine black enamel outer border stripe. All the enamel work is intact with minor surface scratching. The silver washed circular ring running between the crosses arms has embossed Latin script, "Für Verdienste im Feuerlöschwesen", (For Merit in the Fire Brigade Organization). The silver wash to the outer border edge of the arms and the circular ring shows light to moderate age tarnish. The top arm of the cross has the ribbon suspension loop and ribbon ring both intact. Complete with original ribbon. Scarce. On December 22ND 1936 the Minister of the Interior, Wilhelm Frick instituted the Fire Brigade Decoration in two classes for award to professional and volunteer fire fighters and administrators. The first class decoration was awarded for exceptional service or outstanding conduct in fire fighting and the second class decoration was awarded for twenty-five years service. Recommendations for bestowal of the Fire Brigade Decoration came from the office of Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler in his position as Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), which include all fire fighting services. Also Of Note: On January 30TH 1938 the original pin back first class Fire Brigade Decoration was abolished and replaced with a second pattern in the same form of the second class decoration but with a gilt finish.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 18 YEAR POLICE SERVICE MEDAL WW2

Lot #369 (Sale Order 460 of 952)

This was awarded to active members of the German Police who gave 18 years of service surrounding the Third Reich era. It is constructed out of a die struck tombak base that has been silver plated. The obverse features a centrally placed police logo which consists of a German national eagle clutching a wreathed mobile swastika in its talons above an oval oak leaf wreath (tied together at the top) which is in front of a pebbled pattée style cross that has a smooth border. The reverse reads: “Für Treue Dienst in der Polizei” (For Loyal Service in the Police) within an oval smooth backing and in front of that same bordered pattée style cross. To the top is a soldered on loop and ring. On January 30TH 1938 Adolf Hitler instituted a series of Long Service Awards to recognize loyal long service in the police. The award was originally issued in three classes with the first class award for twenty-five years service, the second class award for eighteen years service and the third class award for eight years service. Allegedly another class of the award was introduced in August 1944 to recognize forty years loyal service and consisted of a golden metal cypher with "40" encompassed by an oak-leaf wreath to be affixed to the ribbon of the twenty-five year service award.

WWII KRIEGSMARINE BLOCKADE RUNNER BADGE SCHWERIN

Lot #370 (Sale Order 461 of 952)

Kriegsmarine Blockade Runner Badge by Schwerin Berlin - In zinc alloy blackened and silvered maker marked "Fec. Otto Placzek Berlin Ausf. Schwerin Berlin" very fine quality exhibiting wear from period use Very Good

WWII NAZI WIRELESS OPERATOR'S AIR GUNNER'S BADGE

Lot #371 (Sale Order 462 of 952)

Two piece, zinc construction badge. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval wreath with laurel leaves to the left side and oak-leaves to the right side and a canted, swastika superimposed to the bottom center. Mounted on the wreath is a stylized eagle in flight. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two rivets. The eagles wing tips extend just beyond the outer edge of the wreath. The badge shows nice quality detailing. Complete with original hinge and pin. Maker marked to Assmann. The Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s qualification badge was introduced by Hermann Göring on March 26TH 1936 for award to radio operators, air gunners and mechanics who had met the required criteria. The Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s badge was awarded on an individual basis and the main criteria for bestowal of the award was the completion of five operational flights over enemy territory or a minimum of two months active service. As with other flyer’s specialty badges a cloth version of the Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s Badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officer’s. Of Note: After the introduction of the Air Gunner’s badge on June 22ND 1942, the Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s badge was re-designated Bordfunkerabzeichen, (Wireless Operator’s Badge), and was bestowed exclusively to Wireless Operators.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE OFFICER'S SLEEVE EAGLE WW2

Lot #372 (Sale Order 463 of 952)

Nice quality hand embroidered police officer’s sleeve eagle with out-stretched wings clutching a wreathed canted swastika in it’s talons encompassed by a vertically oval oak-leave wreath in bright silver/aluminum wire threads with a black rayon swastika all mounted on a cut-out vertically oval police green wool base. The eagle’s wings extend beyond the edges of the oval oak-leave wreath. Shortly after Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), ascended to the leadership of Germany, the police, as with almost all civic organizations, incorporated the new style national eagle and swastika on their insignia. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations was the introduction of an identifying sleeve insignia. The police were divided into eight assorted branches of service and during the restructuring the different police agencies were assigned specific identifying "truppenfarbe" (Troop {Branch of Service} Colors). NCO ranks of Unterwachtmeister to Hauptwachtmeister, (equivalent to the army ranks of Unteroffizier & Oberfeldwebel, respectively), wore the sleeve insignia in the appropriate branch of service color while Officer’s ranks from Polizei Meister to Oberst wore the insignia in bright silver and the ranks of Generalmajor to Generaloberst wore gilt insignia. Originally the police sleeve eagles worn by NCO’s included the name of the location where they were stationed but regulations of November 10TH 1941 abolished the name for all but the Freiwillingen Feuerwehren, (Volunteer Fire Brigades), and the Pflichtfeuerwehren, (Compulsory Fire Brigades), personnel. Of Note: The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FEUERWEHR POLICE SLEEVE EAGLE WW2

Lot #373 (Sale Order 464 of 952)

Nazi Feuerwehr Officer's Bullion Sleeve Eagle. This is an outstanding larger oval patch featuring an aluminum wire police eagle and wreath on a black background. The patch measures about 3 7/8" high. This original officer's sleeve eagle is difficult to find in such nice condition and would make an excellent addition to your collection. Shortly after Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), ascended to the leadership of Germany, the police, as with almost all civic organizations, incorporated the new style national eagle and swastika on their insignia. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations was the introduction of an identifying sleeve insignia. The police were divided into eight assorted branches of service and during the restructuring the different police agencies were assigned specific identifying "truppenfarbe" (Troop {Branch of Service} Colors). NCO ranks of Unterwachtmeister to Hauptwachtmeister, (equivalent to the army ranks of Unteroffizier & Oberfeldwebel, respectively), wore the sleeve insignia in the appropriate branch of service color while Officer’s ranks from Polizei Meister to Oberst wore the insignia in bright silver and the ranks of Generalmajor to Generaloberst wore gilt insignia. Originally the police sleeve eagles worn by NCO’s included the name of the location where they were stationed but regulations of November 10TH 1941 abolished the name for all but the Freiwillingen Feuerwehren, (Volunteer Fire Brigades), and the Pflichtfeuerwehren, (Compulsory Fire Brigades), personnel. Of Note: The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE M43 OVERSEAS CAP INSIGNIA

Lot #374 (Sale Order 465 of 952)

The insignia lot of 12 consists of a machine woven black rayon base featuring a machine woven, second pattern, (Circa June 1936-May 1945), right facing, police cap eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath all in silver/white rayon threads. Complete still attached to the factory roll. Shortly after Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), ascended to the leadership of Germany, the police, as with almost all civic organizations, incorporated the new style national eagle and swastika on their insignia. The first pattern police insignia to utilize the new style national eagle and swastika was introduced on April 23RD 1934. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations of June 25TH 1936 was the introduction of a slightly modified second pattern police eagle and swastika to replace the first pattern. The police pattern national eagle was worn on all types of headgear including the visor caps, overseas cap and the M43 field cap. The insignia utilized on the visor caps was of stamped metal construction while the insignia on the soft caps was machined or hand stitched.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLICE M43 OVERSEAS CAP INSIGNIA

Lot #375 (Sale Order 466 of 952)

The insignia lot of 12 consists of a machine woven black rayon base featuring a machine woven, second pattern, (Circa June 1936-May 1945), right facing, police cap eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath all in silver/white rayon threads. Complete still attached to the factory roll. Shortly after Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), ascended to the leadership of Germany, the police, as with almost all civic organizations, incorporated the new style national eagle and swastika on their insignia. The first pattern police insignia to utilize the new style national eagle and swastika was introduced on April 23RD 1934. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations of June 25TH 1936 was the introduction of a slightly modified second pattern police eagle and swastika to replace the first pattern. The police pattern national eagle was worn on all types of headgear including the visor caps, overseas cap and the M43 field cap. The insignia utilized on the visor caps was of stamped metal construction while the insignia on the soft caps was machined or hand stitched.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KNIGHTS CROSS OF THE IRON CROSS

Lot #376 (Sale Order 467 of 952)

Nicely detailed, die struck, three piece, iron and silver construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece, silver outer frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, high relief, central, canted swastika with re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the original, embossed, institution date, "1813", also in nice high relief. The arms of the swastika are slightly beveled and it is embossed flush with the inner ribbed edge of the silver frame while the date numerals are slightly lower. The black, baked on, enamel finish to the magnetic center is fully retained. The integral, ribbon, retaining suspension ring is intact. Also included are the correct, vertical oval, silver, ribbon suspension ring. Comes with its original ribbon. Marked 800 on the jump ring and cross and is a Godet produced example. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary gallantry award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First, Second and Grand Cross Classes and established the new Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. Hitler reserved the right to personally authorize bestowal of the Knight’s Cross and all ranks were eligible for the award. Originally the criteria for bestowal of the Knight’s Cross was outstanding personal bravery or decisive leadership in combat but this was later expanded to include personnel who had continually demonstrated exceptional acts of courage or an extremely high success rate on the battlefield. The Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross was the most coveted award of the Third Reich period and those presented with it were elevated to the status of a national hero. In total it is estimated that roughly 7,360 Knight’s Crosses were awarded during WWII, a relatively small number when one considers the amount of troops fielded and the magnitude of the war. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler's copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. Of Note: The LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers), began regulating the manufacture of German awards in March 1941 as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a, Lieferantnummer, (Contractors Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licenced by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. Regulations of November 1ST 1941 prohibited further manufacturing of the Knight’s Cross for retail sale. Of Note: On June 3RD 1940 a higher echelon of the Knight’s Cross was established with the introduction of the Knight’s Cross with Oak-Leaves and on July 15TH 1941 an additional two higher grades of the Knight’s Cross with Oak-Leaves were introduced with the establishment of the Knight’s Cross with Oak-Leaves and Swords and the Knight’s Cross with Oak-Leaves, Swords and Diamonds. Finally on December 29TH 1944 Hitler established the final grade of the Knight’s Cross with the Golden Oak-Leaves, Swords and Diamonds. Also of Note: The Grand Cross of the Knight’s Cross was only awarded once to Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring and the Knight’s Cross with Golden Oak-Leaves, Swords and Diamonds was also only awarded once to Oberstleutnant Hans-Ulrich Rudel.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CASED MOTHER'S CROSS IN GOLD WW2

Lot #377 (Sale Order 468 of 952)

First class award, rendered for bearing eight or more children. Second pattern, two piece, die struck tombac award with a fire gilt finish and blue and white enamel work. Award in the form of a Christian cross with outward fluted arms in semi-translucent blue enamel with a white enamel border. Cross has a raised sunburst pattern emanating between its arms. Separate central circular field with white enamel base and black static swastika, encompassed by embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter", (The German Mother). Reverse with stamped, simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938", and facsimile Hitler signature. Complete with section of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Award housed in a, 11cm x 5cm x 2cm, case, finished in simulated dark blue leather with an impression of the cross in to top cover. Interior with white satin lining to top and white velvet lining with retaining arm with cut-out recess to hold the award in place, to bottom. Excellent Introduced by Hitler on December 16TH 1938 as part of a large propaganda campaign aimed at increasing the birth rate. The award was officially designated, Honor Cross of the German Mother, and was instituted in three grades to recognize and reward child bearing German females. The three grades consisted of the bronze cross for bearing four or five children, the silver cross for bearing six or seven children and the gold cross for bearing eight or more children. Criteria for the award included that the parents be of pure German blood, and that the mother was worthy of such an honor. On its introduction the cross had the impressed inscription to reverse, "Das kind adelt die Mutter", (The child ennobles the mother), but this was inexplicably changed sometime in 1939. Bestowal of the cross was accompanied by an award certificate, a cash incentive for each child born and a miniature cross for everyday wear, with the actual cross being reserved for formal or ceremonial occasions. Members of all youth organizations were required to salute wearers of the Mother’s Cross.

WWII GERMAN CONDOR LEGION SPANISH CROSS IN SILVER

Lot #378 (Sale Order 469 of 952)

Nice quality, die struck, multi-piece, nickel/silver plated, silver alloy construction award. The nicely convex award is in the form of a Maltese styled cross with a separate circular centerpiece featuring an embossed canted swastika. The circular centerpiece has two fine, raised, smooth, circular border lines encompassing the swastika and the arms of the cross also feature a raised, smooth, outer edge. The base field of the centerpiece and the arms of the cross feature a finely textured background field. The sword blades and hilts emanate upwardly between the cross's arms and have a separate Luftwaffe eagle clutching swastikas affixed to each. The swords indicate the recipient served in a combatant role. The smooth plain reverse has a solid soldered hinge, a broad tapered vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch assembly all intact. marked with the embossed manufacturer’s numerical code, "L/12", indicating manufacture by Wilhelm Deumer of Lüdenscheid. With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936 the Germans supported the Nationalist Falangist Generalissimo Francisco Franco against the communist allied Republican Loyalist party. The German support consisted of assorted field equipment and weapons, the Imker-Gruppe, (Beekeeper Group), of ground personnel which included the Drohne-Gruppe, (Drone Group), of Panzer units and a group of Luftwaffe volunteers designated as the Condor Legion. The participation in this conflict enabled the Germans to test their fledgling armed forces and by rotating personnel gave them a core of troops with actual combat experience. With the successful conclusion of the Spanish Civil War at the end of March 1939 the German contingent returned home, (May 1939), to be heralded as heroes and on April 14TH 1939 Hitler instituted the Spanish Cross series of awards to recognize the service of the German volunteers in Spain. The award was introduced in three classes, bronze, silver and gold, and a special class of gold with swords and diamonds. The bronze and silver crosses were awarded with swords for combatants and without swords for non-combatants, while the gold cross was only awarded with the swords. Criteria for award of a combatant's Spanish Cross included voluntary service in the Condor Legion, participation in specific Naval actions, and/or outstanding bravery or merit in combat. The non-combatant's crosses were awarded for three months service in a support role.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DRL SPORTS BADGE SILVER & BRONZE

Lot #379 (Sale Order 470 of 952)

WWII Nazi German DRL sports badge lot of two including 1) A Silver 1937 pattern, die struck alloy award with a nickel / silver finish. The badge is in the form of a 50mm tall, vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 33918" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "H. Wernstein Jena" is to the right. 2) A Bronze die struck, tombac, award in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with bow to bottom, encompassing the interwoven, stylized, cutout letters "DRA", for Deutscher Reichs-Ausschuss, (German National Elite). Reverse has embossed manufacturers mark, "Ernst L. Muller", and "D.R.G.M. 35269", for Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design, 33918). Complete soldered solid hinge, flat vertical retaining pin and standard soldered catch assembly all intact. Complete pin and catch assembly. Nice untouched example. Originally introduced in 1913 as the DRA badge, this was modified in 1933 to the DRL badge and again in 1937 with the addition of the swastika. The award was intended as an incentive for physical training, and was issued to both males and females between 18 and 32 years old who met the required criteria for an eight year period, or those between the ages of 32 to 40 who met the criteria over a twelve month period. Nice untouched example. Originally introduced in 1913 as the DRA badge, this was modified in 1933 to the DRL badge and again in 1937 with the addition of the swastika. The award was intended as an incentive for physical training, and was issued to both males and females between 18 and 32 years old who met the required criteria for an eight year period, or those between the ages of 32 to 40 who met the criteria over a twelve month period.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE M40 SINGLE DECAL HELMET

Lot #380 (Sale Order 471 of 952)

The stamped, sheet steel construction helmet retains a good portion of its original smooth textured paint. Looks like there was another helmet stacked on top of it at one point as there is a circular wear pattern on the top crown area. The left side of the helmet has a second pattern, (Circa 1936/1937-1945), black detailed, silvery/white, Luftwaffe eagle decal, clutching a canted swastika in one talon. The decal is retained 85%. All three liner retaining rivets are intact. The interior of the helmet has an excellent M31 leather liner. The reverse, interior, neck guard apron is serial/lot number stamped, "459" and the interior, left side, apron has the stamped manufacturer’s code and size, "ET64", indicating manufacture byEisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, size 64. Complete with original partial chinstrap. Nice untouched worn and used example. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, (Iron and Foundry Works), in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934, and adopted for wear by the Luftwaffe on March 1ST 1935 along with the national tri-color shield for wear on the helmet. The first pattern national eagle was utilized until a modified second pattern eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations of June 12TH 1940 discontinued the use of the national tri-color decal and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the national eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WII NAZI GERMAN CUSTOMS OFFICIAL'S WINTER FUR CAP

Lot #381 (Sale Order 472 of 952)

Field-gray wool construction cap with slightly mottled brown rabbit fur front, fold down side ear lugs and back panels. The side ear lugs and back panel of the cap are held in the upright position by dual green HBT, (Herring Bone Twill), rayon tie tapes. The tie tapes were also utilized for a secure closure when the side and back panels were worn in the lowered position to protect the nape of the neck and chin. The reverse of the fold down side ear lugs and back panel are lined in ribbed gray cotton twill. The central front fur panel can be folded downward to act as a visor if required. The front of the cap has the distinctive, machine woven customs eagle with up-swept wing tips, in silver/aluminum flat-wire threads and a national tri-color cockade mounted on a cut-out green rayon "T" shaped base. The insignia is machine stitched in place. The interior of the cap is fully lined in quilted, ribbed, gray cotton twill with an internal padding. Roughly a size 57. Near mint. The German Customs Service can be traced back to 1834 when a Customs Union was formed to allow the separate German States to trade amongst themselves without trade and tariff taxes, while still imposing import trade taxes on other European nations. With the unification of the German States into a single nation in 1871 the Customs Service became a national paramilitary organization, under control of the Finance Ministry in Berlin. The national Customs Service was still responsible for imposing and collecting import trade taxes but was also tasked with border defence duties. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies, including the Zollbeamte, (Customs Officials), within Germany. As a result of this appointment the Customs Service was reorganized and given further policing responsibilities including the apprehension of individuals attempting to escape from the NSDAP’s yoke. The German Customs service was divided into two separate branches with one branch consisting of the Landzollbeamte, (Land Customs Officials), which was subdivided into the Zollgrenzschutz, (Land Customs Border Guards), and the Wasserzollbeamte, (Water Customs Officials), and the second branch consisting of the remaining Zollbeamte, (Customs Officials). As with other organizations Custom’s personnel serving in colder climates were issued the standard winter fur cap.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M35 DOUBLE DECAL HELMET WW2

Lot #382 (Sale Order 473 of 952)

Helmet retains about most of its original smooth, Luftwaffe blue/gray paint. Second pattern Luftwaffe eagle decal is retained about 80%. National tri-color shield decal is retained also about 75%. All three liner retaining rivets and both ventilation bushings are all intact. M31 tan leather liner is fully intact with all fingers and original tie string. Reverse interior neck guard apron is serial/lot number stamped, "4692" and left side apron has manufacturers code and size stamp, "Q64", indicating manufacture by F.W. Quist, G.m.b.H. Esslingen, size 64. Original M35 chinstrap. Nice clean example. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft personnel on August 18TH 1934, and adopted for wear by the Luftwaffe on March 1ST 1935 along with the national tri-color shield for wear on the helmet. The first pattern national eagle was utilized until a modified second pattern eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations of June 12TH 1940 discontinued the use of the national tri-color decal and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the national eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CAVALRY NCO M35 DRESS TUNIC WW2

Lot #383 (Sale Order 474 of 952)

A nice quality, field-gray wool/tricot blend construction M35 dress tunic features a vertical, eight button front closure with dual metal hooks and eyes positioned at the forward neckline and a lay down, blue/green badge cloth collar. hand embroidered eagle, sewn in flat silver wire, looks to have its original stitching. Award loops for one badge. Sew on should straps for the 12th Cavalry Rgt. The collar liner studs are present to the interior or the collar. The tunic is roughly a size 37" chest. Fabric shows light usage and typical wear. The M35 dress tunic was introduced for wear by all ranks on June 29TH 1935 as the walking out, parade and ceremonial dress with the piped, stone grey long pants. The design of the M35 dress tunic was based on the Imperial German army’s service tunic but was a different color and generally of much higher quality. Originally all personnel were issued two M35 dress tunics but manufacture was discontinued in late 1939 or early 1940 and was to be reinstated at the successful conclusion of the war. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 stated that the M35 dress tunics that were no longer suitable for dress wear were to be modified and reissued to personnel of the replacement and reserve units for every day wear. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NSKK POLITICAL UNMOUNTED OFFICER'S BREECHES

Lot #384 (Sale Order 475 of 952)

Nice quality private purchase, black corduroy construction breeches feature a vertical five button French fly. The pants have two, diagonally angled, slash front pockets and a small horizontal slash watch pocket situated to the right side of the fly below the waistband, all with scalloped button down flaps. The reverse of the breeches have a horizontal slash pocket to the right seat. All belt loops and buttons look complete and have original. The breeches are roughly size 36" waist.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M40 HEER SS COMBAT HELMET Q62 WW2

Lot #385 (Sale Order 476 of 952)

The stamped, sheet steel construction helmet retains about 90% of its factory applied field-gray paint. All three liner retaining rivets are all intact. The interior of the helmet has a M31, tan, leather liner with all eight of its original fingers and the original tie string intact. The reverse, interior, neck guard apron has a stamped "Q62 N381", indicating manufacture by F.W. Quist, G.m.b.H. Esslingen, size 62. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence {Force}), (Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. Originally the Third Reich national tri-color helmet decal was introduced on March 14TH 1933 for wear on the left side of the helmet to replace the Reichswehr era state shield insignia. Regulations of February 17TH 1934 introduced the Wehrmacht eagle decal and the national tri-color decal was shifted to the right side of the helmet with the Wehrmacht eagle decal positioned on the left hand side. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 dictated that the national tri-color decal was to be removed from all helmets and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the Wehrmacht eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLIZEI STAG GRIP BAYONET WW2

Lot #386 (Sale Order 477 of 952)

Early, shortened, reissued, long model, M98/05 Prussian police un-slotted dress bayonet. Roughly 33cm long, bright, nickel/silver plated, drop forged steel blade has full length fullers running off the tip end. Maker marked to E. F. Horster. Nice unit markings S.Me.II.644. The bayonet has an ornate, nickel/silver plated alloy, single upswept cross guard and stylized eagle head pommel both intact. The obverse and part of the reverse of the cross guard have an embossed, repeating, oak-leaf and acorn pattern. The stylized eagle head pommel shows nicely detailed feathers, eyes and beak. The bayonet has stag horn grips, secured by two, dome headed, natural aluminum rivet retainers. The obverse of the grip has a stamped, natural aluminum, second pattern, (circa April 1936), police eagle and wreath intact. The bayonet comes housed in its leather scabbard with stitched, central, vertical spine to the reverse, and top and bottom nickel/silver plated alloy fittings. The bottom scabbard fitting has a scalloped top edge and ball tip while the top fitting has a scalloped bottom edge. Both the fittings are secured to the scabbard by a single staple type attachment. The top fitting has its extended frog lug and throat retaining screw both intact. Excellent. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted in July 1936 to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations was the introduction of a standardized bayonet based on the earlier Prussian Landespolizei bayonet. The bayonet came in a un-slotted dress model and a "T" slotted service model.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DRESS BAYONET EICKHORN

Lot #386a (Sale Order 478 of 952)

Signed on the ricasso with Eickhorn sqirrel mark. Features stag grips, and comes with white and yellow bayonet knot / porteppe in original scabbard with leather frog. Frog has a letter "L" stamped on the back. Very nice bright 7" blade with 2" clip point and fuller. Bayonet retains original leather washer. Sheath is painted black metal and some of the paint is worn away. Very Good - Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS M33 SERVICE DAGGER W/ HANGER

Lot #387 (Sale Order 479 of 952)

Nice quality dagger features a roughly, 22cm long, double edged, drop forged steel construction, nickel/silver plated blade with a low central ridge. The nickel/silver plated blade is in nice condition and looks to have been polished at some point. The obverse of the blade has a nice, deep, well defined acid etched motto with the rare exclamation point, "Meine Ehre Heißt Treue!", (My Honor is Loyalty!). SS contract number marked RZM 7/29 indicating the maker Klittermann & Moog G.m.b.H. of Haan. The dagger comes with a plated nickel/silver cross guard, pommel and tang nut and a carved ebony grip. The nicely shaped ebony grip has a nice snug fit to the cross guard and pommel fittings. The grip has a flush, inset, solid nickel/silver national eagle and nickel/silver and enameled runic SS button nicely fit in place. The dagger comes with a black anodized, magnetic sheet metal scabbard with solid nickel/silver fittings. The scabbard retains most of its black anodized finish. Both the top and bottom scabbard fittings retain both of their dome headed retaining screws and the top fitting has the hanger suspension ring and loop intact. Comes with a nice vertical hanger. The SS M33 service dagger was introduced on December 15TH 1933 for wear by all full SS members, regardless of rank. The dagger was intended as an ornamental item and the design was based on the traditional 16TH century Swiss "Holbein" hunting dagger as was being utilized for the SA personnel’s dagger with a different coloration and insignia. The daggers were bestowed annually to newly accepted SS members at 10:00pm on the anniversary of the unsuccessful Beer Hall Putsch, (November 9TH), in front of the Feldherrnhalle in Munich. Originally the daggers featured an anodized scabbard and utilized nice quality solid nickel/silver fittings until roughly early 1937 when the scabbards began to have a painted finish and cheaper nickel/silver plated fittings replaced the earlier solid nickel/silver fittings in 1938. Of Note: During the course of the Third Reich there were five distinct SS daggers introduced starting with the M33 dagger in 1933, the Röhm inscription, the Himmler dedication and the SS Honor dagger in 1934 and the M36 dagger in August 1936. Of Note: The RZM, Reichzeugmeisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster), was official founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for the Party met required specification and were standardized. Starting in late 1934 items manufactured for the SS came under the quality control of the RZM and as a result were marked with the RZM logo when appropriate. Of Note: In 1943 the Waffen-SS assumed full control over production of their items, including edged weapons and production no longer fell under the authority of the RZM.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SA DAGGER M7/68 TIGERWERK WW2

Lot #388 (Sale Order 480 of 952)

Nice quality dagger features a roughly, 8 3/4", (22.2 cm), long double edged nickel/silver plated drop forged steel construction blade with a low central ridge and a full length, including the hilt, of roughly, 13 5/8" (34.7 cm). The nickel/silver plated blade shows light scabbard runners and most of the original cross graining still being visible. The obverse of the blade has the nice, deep, well defined, acid etched Fraktur style, script motto, "Alles für Deutschland", (All/Everything for Germany), which is crisp and well defined. Maker marked to "M7/68" Tigerwerk Lauterjung & Co. Solingen". The dagger has the plated nickle crossguard, pommel, and tang nut. The dagger has a very nicely contoured, reddish tinged, brown, stained, hardwood grip, which has a nice snug fit to both the top and bottom fittings. The grip has a nicely inset, solid nickel/silver national eagle and a nickel/silver and enameled runic SA button both intact. The dagger comes with it’s original, coppery brown, painted, magnetic sheet metal scabbard with solid nickel/silver fittings. Excellent The SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), was originally formed in the August 1921 as a protective guard unit for the political leaders of the fledgling NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), and as with the NSDAP the SA was structure along para-military lines. The SA recruited most of its personnel from the ranks of the various Freikorps, (Free Corps), groups composed mainly of disgruntled, ex-WWI soldiers and was first utilized at a NSDAP meeting in Munich in November 1921.The SA M33 service dagger was the first dagger officially sanctioned by the NSDAP and was introduced on December 15TH 1933. The dagger was intended as an ornamental item and the design was adapted by Professor Woenne of the Solingen School of Commerce who had based it on the traditional 16TH century, Swiss "Holbein", "Baselard" or "Basilard", hunting dagger with the original design being attributed to the Hans Holbein the Younger, (Circa 1497-1543). Originally the daggers featured an anodized scabbard and utilized nice quality, solid, nickel/silver fittings while later models had cheaper, nickel/silver plated fittings and painted scabbards. Regulations dictated that the daggers were to worn on the left side of the waist belt suspended by a specific, dagger hanger. In late 1934 items manufactured for the SA including daggers and accoutrements came under the quality control of the RZM, Reichzeugmeisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster) and as a result were marked with the RZM logo when appropriate. Of Note: The RZM was official founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for the Party met required specification and were standardized. Production of the SA M33 dagger was discontinued sometime in 1943. Of Note: Other daggers initiated by the SA included the Marine-SA Dagger, circa 1933-34, originally with black grip and scabbard and later with brown grip and scabbard but with brass colored fittings, the short lived, (Circa February 3RD 1934-July 4TH 1934), SA-Stabschef, (SA-Chief of Staff), Ernst Röhm Dedication Dagger with the inscription, "In herzlicher Freundschaft Ernst Röhm", (In heartfelt Friendship Ernst Röhm). After Röhm’s demise the new SA-Stabschef, Viktor Lutze introduced the SA Honour Dagger, circa 1935, the SA Standarte Feldhernnhalle Dagger, circa 1937, the SA High Leader’s Honour Dagger, circa 1938 and the Special SA Presentation Dagger circa 1938-39.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP NATIONAL FLAG OR BANNER WW2

Lot #389 (Sale Order 481 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 38 x 86 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall very nice condition. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMANY VEHICLE SINGLE SIDED FLAG WW2

Lot #390 (Sale Order 482 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton single sided construction banner approximately 60 x 194 inches. To its red field is a sewn white disk, with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall very nice condition. Original attachment brass grommets are still present. These particular flags were used to attach captured military vehicles to avoid friendly fire. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY FLAK ARTILLERY BADGE WW2

Lot #391 (Sale Order 483 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge with a silver wash, features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle, with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in its talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the likeness of a nicely detailed, cut-out, 88mm anti-aircraft artillery piece with the barrel extending beyond the outer edge of the wreath. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly by Herman Aurich (marked on reverse), textbook example, it weighs 26.8 grams, in very fine condition. The German Army Flak, (Anti-aircraft Artillery), Badge was instituted by Generalfeldmarschall Walther von Brauchitsch, on July 18TH 1941, for bestowal to army anti-aircraft battery crews, with the award of the badge based on a point structure basis. Of Note: Although Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe was the ultimate authority of all things concerned with flight including anti-aircraft defence most division within the German army had a subordinate Flak battalion that usually contained three 88mm caliber batteries and an additional two 20mm caliber batteries to provide internal air defense.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HJ FANFARE TRUMPET BANNER WW2

Lot #392 (Sale Order 484 of 952)

An approximately 48cm square, double sided, multi-piece cotton construction banner, with four doubled tie strings along its upper edge for affixing it to a trumpet. Double sided with the typical HJ pattern swastika with red and white field while the other side is adorned with the single sig rune. A 30mm white fringe runs along both sides and the bottom of the banner. White portions show the expected light age yellowing, but overall very nice untouched example. The origins of the Hitler Jugend, (Hitler Youth), may be traced back to March 1922 with the formation of the Jugendbund der NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (Youth League of the National Socialist German Worker’s Party), under control of the SA, Sturmabteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment). In April 1924 the Jugendbund der NSDAP was renamed Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung (Greater German Youth Movement), and on July 4TH 1926 the Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung was officially renamed Hitler Jugend Bund der deutschen Arbeiterjugend, (Hitler Youth League of German Worker Youth).

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S HBT COMBAT FIELD BLOUSE

Lot #393 (Sale Order 485 of 952)

Early-war (circa 1941) reed green cotton/rayon blend construction field blouse with an HBT weave, features a vertical, six button, front closure with a single metal hook and eye positioned at the forward neckline. The field blouse has four, non-pleated front pockets with straight edged button down flaps. The breast pockets are the basic patch type while the hip pockets are the saddlebag type with expanding side panels. The side panels of the field blouse each have three, vertically aligned, stitched eyelets at the waistline for the belt support hooks. The reverse of the field blouse has a short, central, vertical, tail skirt vent and two, vertical, tapering darts. The straight cut sleeve cuffs have a small, vertical, slash to the outside seams with dual fit adjustment buttons to each. The fabric shoulder strap retaining loops and pebbled alloy buttons are intact. The field blouse has a lay down collar with the typical zig-zag reinforcement stitching to the reverse. The collar features the second pattern, general issue, EM/NCO’s collar tabs as introduced on May 9TH 1940 for wear by all branches of service. The machine woven, rayon, collar tabs feature light, grey/green, ribbed, litzen with mouse gray, branch of service and center stripes. The collar tabs are machine stitched directly to the collar with no backing material. The unlined interior of the field blouse has gray rayon reinforcement panels to each side panel and around the armpits. The interior side panels each have a vertical, reed/green, cotton/rayon strap with six stitched eyelets to each for the belt support hooks positioned at the waistline. The forward right tail skirt has a rayon field dressing pocket with a single button closure. All three collar liner buttons are intact. Nice size marking and maker markings on the dressing pocket. Of Note: The RB numbers, Reichsbetriebnummer, (National factory code numbers), were introduced in late 1942 and were intended to replace the manufacturers marks on garments and equipment to conceal the manufactures name and location from the allies, to prevent bombing raids on German industrial factories. The front closure and exterior pocket buttons are all the removable, field-grey painted, pebbled alloy and sheet metal types secured by circular "S" rings. The shoulder strap buttons are also the field-grey painted, pebbled, alloy type but are stitched in place. The buttons all retain the large majority of their field-gray paint. The cuff, field dressing pocket and collar liner buttons are all the ersatz, pressed, natural tan, cardboard type and appear to have their original stitching. The field blouse is roughly size 40" chest. Untouched tunic in a very large size, nice! HBT, (Herring Bone Twill), uniforms were originally introduced on April 1ST 1933 to be utilized as a drill uniform and save wear and tear on the service uniform and field blouse. Regulations prescribed that the drill uniform was the basic uniform to worn by all new recruits for most daily functions. Originally the drill uniforms were constructed in natural, unbleached cotton with an HBT weave that proved especially durable but impractical due to easy soiling. On February 12TH 1940 the color of the drill uniforms was altered to a more practical reed green coloration. When utilized as a drill tunic the garments were issued with no insignia with only EM/NCO sleeve rank and collar trim insignia applied to donate the wearers rank. The drill uniforms were utilized for the duration of the war with minor modifications and in early 1942 a modified drill tunic was introduced for wear as a summer combat field blouse and followed the basic modifications of the standard issue field blouse through-out the war. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NAZI GERMAN M30 GASMASK & CANISTER WW2

Lot #394 (Sale Order 486 of 952)

M30 pattern cloth covered, rubberized canvas gas mask. Mask is complete with all straps. Included is a heavy rusted filter. The mask comes housed in a second pattern M30/38 corrugated magnetic sheet metal construction gasmask canister with a vertical brazed side seam. Canister is marked "D" on the bottom indicating waterproof. Canister retains a good portion of its original feldgrau paint. Spare lenses packet included. Good With the development of poisonous gasses used as offensive weapons in WWI appropriate defensive gasmasks also had to be developed. The German WWI M1915 and M1917 gasmasks evolved into the Reichswehr era M24 gasmask and eventually into the M30 and M38 gasmasks used in WWII. All German Army personnel were issued with a gasmask, carrying canister and accessories and were required to have it readily available at all times. Although the use of chemical warfare agents was considered by the German OKW, Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, (High Command of the Armed Forces), fear of the Allies retribution forced them to reconsider and shelf the idea. Fear of the potential use of chemical warfare agents made the gasmask and canister a constant companion of the German soldier through-out the war. Of Note: In spite of the fear of the potential use of chemical warfare agents some German personnel opted to utilize their gasmask canisters as a container for extra food or contraband in spite of regulations.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS DEUTCHSLAND OFFICERS CUFFTITLE

Lot #395 (Sale Order 487 of 952)

Machine woven, RZM pattern, black rayon cufftitle with hand embroidered Gothic script, "Deutchsland", in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. The cufftitle is bordered at both top and bottom edges in horizontally woven, seven strand, bright silver/aluminum threads. The cufftitle is roughly 26mm wide and 38cm long. The cufftitle has a woven, ribbed, protective black fabric backing sewn to the reverse of the embroidery. Shows signs of being glued to an album.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SCHUMA OFFICER’S SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #396 (Sale Order 488 of 952)

German WWII SCHUMA Officer’s Slip On Shoulder Boards. They both have silver bullion angled swastika's on a black wool body with silver bullion piping. Excellent condition! The Schutzmannschaft or Auxiliary Police (literally: "protective, or guard units"; plural: Schutzmannschaften, abbreviated as Schuma) was the collaborationist auxiliary police of native policemen serving in those areas of the Soviet Union and the Baltic states occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II. Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler established the Schutzmannschaft on 25 July 1941, and subordinated it to the Order Police (Ordnungspolizei; Orpo). By the end of 1941, some 45,000 men served in Schutzmannschaft units, about half of them in the battalions. During 1942, Schutzmannschaften expanded to an estimated 300,000 men, with battalions accounting for about a third, or less than one half of the local force. Everywhere, local police far outnumbered the equivalent German personnel several times (in most places, the ratio of Germans to natives was about 1-to-10). The Schutzmannschaften had a reputation for their auxiliary police battalions (Schutzmannschaft-Bataillonen). Created to support the German offensive, in particular by combating the anti-Nazi resistance, many of these battalions participated in the Holocaust and caused thousands of Jewish deaths. Usually the battalions were voluntary units and were not directly involved in combat. In total, about 200 battalions were formed. There were approximately 21 ethnic Estonian, 47 Latvian, 26 Lithuanian, 11 Belarusian, 8 Tatar, and 71 Ukrainian Schuma battalions. Each battalion had an authorized strength of about 500, but the actual size varied greatly. They should not be confused with native German police battalions (SS-Polizei-Bataillone) which the Order Police formed between 1939 and 1945 and which also participated in the Holocaust (see Ordnungspolizei Police Battalions and Reserve Police Battalion 101). The Order Police organized the Schutzmannschaften by nationality (see Belarusian Auxiliary Police, Estonian Auxiliary Police, Latvian Auxiliary Police, Lithuanian Auxiliary Police, and Ukrainian Auxiliary Police)

WWII NAZI GERMAN CUFFTITLE LOT 2 AFRIKAKORPS NCO

Lot #397 (Sale Order 489 of 952)

Lot of WWII Nazi German cufftitles to include 1) Green rayon construction cufftitle with machine woven, Gothic style script, "Unteroffiziervorschule", in bright, silver/aluminum, flat-wire threads. The cufftitle is bordered at both the top and bottom edges in vertically woven, bright, silver/aluminum flat-wire threads. The reverse of the cufftitle has loosely woven, vertical, silver/aluminum flat-wire threads and shows the script in a green rayon mirror image. Excellent. The German army went to great lengths to ensure its personnel were provided with the best in-depth training that was available at the time. The training took many forms and in an attempt to replicate the most realistic combat conditions possible the German army used live fire training exercises and found a one percent training fatality rate as acceptable, reasoning it was better to remove inadequate personnel in training as opposed to having them risk other lives in actual battle. Besides the live field training and exercises the Germans also established the Unteroffiziervorschule, (NCO Preparatory School), on April 1ST 1940. As the name implies the NCO preparatory schools were established to train future NCO’s with emphasis placed on leadership and personal initiative. On establishment of the NCO Preparatory Schools a specific, Unteroffiziervorschule, cufftitle was introduced which was intended for wear by both the cadre personnel and students of the NCO preparatory schools. The cadre personnel wore the uniform of the last unit they had served with before assignment to the schools with the addition of the, "UV", shoulder board/strap cyphers and the Unteroffiziervorschule cufftitle. The students wore a slightly modified style of uniform that included fold back French cuffs and the unique old Prussian style litzen collar tabs. The students were recruited from the 14 to 17 year old age group and the school programs ran for three years. While attending the courses the students retained their civilian status and were designated, Jungschützen, (Junior Riflemen). 2) Machine woven cufftitle features a horizontal, dark green, cotton center stripe with diagonally ribbed, horizontal, bright silver/aluminum flat-wire edge trim and narrow, horizontal, tan rayon borders to both the top and bottom edges. The dark green center stripe features machine woven, block, Latin script, "Afrikakorps", in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads. Removed from a uniform. Excellent. The Afrikakorps cufftitle was officially introduced on July 18th, 1941, for wear by members of the, DAK, Deutsches Afrikakorps, (German Africa Corps), the German expeditionary force sent to assist the Italians in their disastrous North African campaign. On November 4th, 1941 regulations dictated that issue of the Afrikakorps cufftitle was to be extended to include the "Afrika" armoured group. Wear of the cufftitle was permitted when personnel were on furlough in Europe but when they transferred out of the North African theater the cufftitle was to be removed. Of Note: With the introduction of the "Afrika" campaign cufftitle on January 15th, 1943, the Afrikakorps cufftitle was ordered removed. Although the Afrika cufftitle was a campaign cufftitle most personnel who had worn the Afrikakorps cufftitle would have been eligible for the Afrika cufftitle.

WWII 13TH WAFFEN SS GEBIRGS DIVISION TRENCH ART

Lot #398 (Sale Order 490 of 952)

Beautiful WWII 13th Waffen SS Gebirgs-Division brass letter opener. Completely handmade from a piece of flat stock of brass depicting an edelweiss flower to the top while the blade shows the Bosnian coat-of-arms, the scimitar with the date 1943 which is the year the division was formed. Overall a very attractive piece measuring roughly 11 inches in length. On February 10TH 1943 Hitler ordered the formation of a new Waffen SS Division to be manned by volunteers from the Independent State of Croatia. This new division would eventually evolve into the 13.Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS "Handschar" (kroat.Nr.1), and was primarily manned from Muslims from the Bosnia-Herzegovina region of Croatia, with a cadre of German personnel from the 7. SS-Freiwillingen-Gebirgs-Division "Prinz Eugen". Due to the racial makeup of the divisional personnel Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler forbade wear of the SS runes on the collar insignia and it was decided that another suitable symbol be utilized and the distinctive collar insignia for divisional personnel was introduced on April 30TH 1943. Of Note: It is believed that SS-Obergruppenführer Gottlob Berger came up with the design of the collar tab and the name "Handschar". The "Handschar" refers to the scimitar featured on the collar tab and is meant to represent the blade carried by Turkish police in the Balkan region for centuries and was also featured on the Bosnian coat-of-arms during the reign of the Hapsburg Empire.

KNIGHT’S CROSS OF THE WAR MERIT CROSS NECK RIBBON

Lot #399 (Sale Order 491 of 952)

40mm wide, 68cm long including ties, horizontal ribbed rayon ribbon features a central black vertical base with dual narrow red outer and dual narrow white inner edge stripes. Excellent. This award was created by Adolf Hitler in 1939 as a successor to the non-combatant Iron Cross which was used in earlier wars (same medal but with a different ribbon). The award was graded the same as the Iron Cross: War Merit Cross Second Class, War Merit Cross First Class, and Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross. The award had two variants: with swords given to soldiers for exceptional service in battle above and beyond the call of duty (but not worthy of an Iron Cross which was more a bravery award), and without swords for meritorious service behind the lines which could also be awarded to civilians. Recipients had to have the lower grade of the award before getting the next level. The ribbon of the War Merit Cross was in red-white-black-white-red; that was, the red and black colors being reversed from the ribbon of the World War II version of the Iron Cross. The ribbon for the War Merit Medal was similar, but with a narrow red vertical red strip in the center of the black field. Soldiers who earned the War Merit Cross 2nd Class with Swords wore a small crossed-swords device on the ribbon. The War Merit Cross 1st Class was a pin-backed medal worn on the pocket of the tunic (like the Iron Cross 1st Class). The ribbon of the War Merit Cross 2nd Class could be worn like the ribbon of the Iron Cross 2nd Class (through the third buttonhole). The Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross was a neck order and worn the same way as the Knights Cross of the Iron Cross.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BELT BUCKLE LOT NSDAP RAD LUFT

Lot #400 (Sale Order 492 of 952)

WWII Nazi German belt buckle lot to include 1) Early 1935 pattern die stamped aluminum construction Luftwaffe box buckle features a pebbled outer field with a central, embossed, high relief horizontally oval laurel leaf wreath encompassing a slightly domed, pebbled inner field with an embossed, early, "droop tailed", pattern, (Circa 1935-1937/38), Luftwaffe eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, to the center. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and the molded buckle catch, prong bar and prongs are all intact. Leather keeper is maker marked to Assmann. Very Good. 2) The 75mm x 48mm, open rectangular, NSDAP double claw belt buckle is pebbled to its front. Reverse of the buckle is RZM marked and coded M5/301 for Dominik Schönbaumfelds Sohn, Wein. Still attached is it original paper RZM tag "Reichszeugmeisterei" (National-materiel-control-office). This is exactly how the leather maker would have received the buckle prior to the manufacture of the completed belt. Excellent. 3) RAD Early, injection molded, natural aluminum box buckle with a pebbled base field and a circular, embossed central motif. The central motif features five, high relief embossed sheaves of wheat encompassing an embossed, inverted, smooth, spade head with an embossed, canted, pebbled, swastika on a subtlety textured, domed, circular central field. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of obverse. The reverse has an integral, raised, slotted buckle catch and separate prong bar and prongs all intact. Maker marked to "Assmann" and dated for 1936. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BELT BUCKLE LOT HEER LUFTWAFFE

Lot #401 (Sale Order 493 of 952)

WWII Nazi German belt buckle lot to include 1) 1940 pattern stamped steel construction, combat box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht eagle with down swept wings to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse. The reverse has the brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. The leather tab is marked with the impressed manufacturers name, location and date 1940 within an oval cartouche. 2) Luftwaffe 1940 pattern, die stamped, steel construction, combat box buckle, with a dark blue/gray finish features a smooth outer field with a central, embossed, high relief, horizontally oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing a domed, pebbled inner field with an embossed, second pattern, (Circa 1937/1938-1945), Luftwaffe eagle, with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, to the center. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has the brazed on buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Very Good. 3) Mint Penal German Belt Buckle, often ascribed to the penal units within the German army. This example is maker marked B & N 43 which is often the case for these buckles. Manufactured from steel, the buckle has sometimes been reported to have been worn by Eastern troops, who were not allowed the eagle and swastika. Scarce to find. Near Mint

WWII NAZI GERMAN ADOLF HITLER LINEN NAPKIN WW2

Lot #402 (Sale Order 494 of 952)

Original linen napkin, 19-5/8 inch square with the floral design and Adolf Hitler's monogram in one corner. This is one of the formal napkins used on official occasions. Hitler designed the logo himself. A rare and unusual original Third Reich artifact that was liberated in 1945 at the Berghof. The napkin is also featured in a two volume book set (see below) on Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun memorabilia by Mark D. Griffith.

WWII WALTER WOLFF WALL PLAQUE OF ADOLF HITLER

Lot #403 (Sale Order 495 of 952)

Heavy cast iron plaque with the left side profile of Adolf Hitler. Walter Wolff, ‘Ehrenplakette des Führers’ (‘Honour Plaque of the Fuhrer’). The artists signature "W. WOLFF 33" is found at the base of the neck. This well known iron relief measuring 32 x 21,5 cm, a commissioned work, depicted the head of Hitler with the text below: ‘Ich glaube an deutschland und kämpfe dafür heute und morgen und in derzukunft bis unser der sieg ist’ (‘I believe in Germany and fighting for it today, tomorrow and in the future until our victory is done’). This was instituted as the official iron portrait and installed in public spaces, schools and official institutions throughout Nazi Germany; it was also sold commercially to Nazi citizens. Wolff’s famous reliefs were made by the hundreds, but after 1945 they were also destructed just as abundantly. There is a small hole behind the ear of the Führer as seen in the photos. Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945 was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant popular support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of about 6 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history. Hitler's actions and Nazi ideology are almost universally regarded as gravely immoral. According to Ian Kershaw, "Never in history has such ruination – physical and moral – been associated with the name of one man.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSKK PISTOL SHOOTING PLAQUE 1941

Lot #403a (Sale Order 496 of 952)

Fine wooden plaque onto which has been mounted a metal relief of a hand holding a target pistol. Reads "1941" stamped in white ink on the reverse. "1941 Pistole Motor Gruppe Oberdonau" Shows light age. 6.5" x 6.5" Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD ARBEIT ADELT PLAQUE

Lot #403b (Sale Order 497 of 952)

Wall plaque with two applied metal pieces - one is the insignia of the Reich Arbeits Diesnty or RAD, the other shows a Nazi eagle over a mobile swastika with a RAD shovel in the center, and reads "Arbeit adelt" on the bottom. Reverse of the wooden plaque has a a maker stamp in black ink, the date 1940, and DRGM stamp. 10" x 7.5" Shows light age. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE SCHOOL PLAQUE 1944

Lot #403c (Sale Order 498 of 952)

Wooden plaque with two brass pieces, one depicting a right-facing German Kriegsmarine sailor in uniform and the other reading "Offiziersan warterLehrgang MAI 1944 and Marinekriegsschule - Murwik. The reverse is stamped in black ink "HANDARBEIT" and has a partial maker's stamp. 7.5" x 8.75" Shows light age and wear. Very Goof

WWII NAZI GERMAN BRASS ARMY PLAQUE NAMED 44-45

Lot #403d (Sale Order 499 of 952)

Engraved brass wall plaque in the shape of a dish. Has applied left-facing Nazi Eagle above the inscription "Erinnurung and die Zeit in Danzig bei der Festung-Pk.Kp. 11/11 Oberst Karl Schlenk 1944-45." Brass shows a light patina. 5.5" x 10" Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLIZEI SERVICE BREECHES WW2

Lot #404 (Sale Order 500 of 952)

Nice quality, 1938 pattern police green wool/rayon blend material construction breeches with a subtle whipcord weave features a vertical, five button, French fly with an additional button positioned on the waistband. A few small holes and repairs here and there, but overall nice condition. The breeches are roughly a size 37" waist. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted on June 25TH 1936 to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. One of the new uniform regulations replaced the previously worn blue uniforms with a new style police green uniform that was utilized, with minor modifications, until the end of the war. As with other organizations the police utilized standard, straight legged, long pants and assorted breeches. Originally the pants and breeches were produced in black fabric for all but the Gendarmerie, (Rural Police), but by early 1938 the changeover to police green pants and breeches was completed for all branches of police service excluding the Wasserschutzpolizei, (Water Police), and the Feuerschutzpolizei, (Fire Protection Police). Regulations dictated wear of unmounted breeches with the Service and Parade dress and they could also be worn as an optional item with the Field and Undress uniforms. Police Officers holding the rank of Polizei-Leutnant to Generaloberst der Polizei were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and could purchase them through the SS-Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system which was originally established in Munich in 1935. The Officers were allotted a one time clothing allowance from the government with the amount varying depending on the individuals rank. The ranks of Polizei Unterwachtmeister to Polizei-Obermeister were issued their uniforms although they could also choose to purchase privately tailored garments of higher quality although the price may have been restrictive. Of Note: The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DAF PRODUCTION TRUMPET BANNER

Lot #405 (Sale Order 501 of 952)

Stellar WWII Nazi German DAF Deutsche Arbeitsfront production trumpet banner for the Betriebszelleder factory which was located in Gotha Germany in Thuringia, Germany. 16 1/2 x 17 1/2 inches excluding the silver bullion fringe, double-sided, multi-piece rayon construction trimmed to all but the hoist edge in 50mm long twisted silver/aluminum wire fringe. The flag features a red base field upon which is sewn a white bordered, black DAF fourteen cog wheel encompassing a white circular field with a black mobile swastika sewn to its center with Betriebszelle der Gothaer Waggonfabp. A.G. Gotha. The reverse with simply "Die Gothas" Banner is in excellent condition missing the rings to suspend from the trumpet. Excellent Free Trade Unions in Germany were dissolved when the Nazis came to power in 1933, their members being absorbed into the newly created DAF, "Deutsche Arbeitsfront" (German Labor-front). The DAF was originally a sub-section of the NSDAP, but became an affiliated organization by 1936, and was the largest of all of the various Nazi organizations. The stated aims of the DAF were to create a national community of German professional and manual laborers, and to educate them in National Socialist principles. Membership was voluntary, but most workers chose to join to take advantage of the entertainment, sport, and travel opportunities provided by the attached KdF, "Kraft durch Freude" (Strength through Joy), welfare organization.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FIRST CLASS IRON CROSS MKD GW WW2

Lot #406 (Sale Order 502 of 952)

This example has the desirable screwback configuration. The black core finish remains 90% intact with minor discoloration. The nickel/silver frame has moderate toning giving it a handsome, dark look. The reverse shows the convex disc which threads onto the cross for mounting to the tunic. There is a small pin (that's bent down)shaped stud at the top for stabilizing the cross while in wear. The bottom of the cross is stamped "GW", indicating production by Gottlieb Wagner. Excellent Adolf Hitler restored the Iron Cross in 1939 as a German decoration (rather than Prussian as in earlier versions), continuing the tradition of issuing it in various grades. Legally it is based on the enactment (Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573) of 1 September 1939 Verordnung über die Erneuerung des Eisernen Kreuzes (Regulation for the Re-introduction of the Iron Cross). The Iron Cross of the Second World War was divided into three main series of decorations with an intermediate category, the Knight's Cross, instituted between the lowest, the Iron Cross, and the highest, the Grand Cross. The Knight's Cross replaced the Prussian Pour le Mérite or "Blue Max". Hitler did not care for the Pour le Mérite, as it was a Prussian order that could be awarded only to officers. The ribbon of the medal (2nd class and Knight's Cross) was different from the earlier Iron Crosses in that the color red was used in addition to the traditional black and white (black and white were the colours of Prussia, while black, white, and red were the colors of Germany). Hitler also created the War Merit Cross as a replacement for the non-combatant version of the Iron Cross. It also appeared on certain Nazi flags (mostly the Third Reich flags) in the upper left corner. The edges were curved, like most original iron crosses. The standard 1939 Iron Cross was issued in the following two grades: Iron Cross 2nd Class (Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse) Iron Cross 1st Class (Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse) (abbreviated as EK I or E.K.I.) The Iron Cross was awarded for bravery in battle as well as other military contributions in a battlefield environment. The Iron Cross 2nd Class came with a ribbon and was worn in one of two different methods: When in formal dress, the entire cross was worn mounted alone or as part of a medal bar. For everyday wear, only the ribbon was worn from the second button hole in the tunic. The Iron Cross First Class was a pin-on medal with no ribbon and was worn centered on a uniform breast pocket, either on dress uniforms or everyday outfit. It was a progressive award, with the second class having to be earned before the first class and so on for the higher degrees. It is estimated that some four and a half million Second Class Iron Crosses were awarded in the Second World War, and 300,000 of the First Class. Two Iron Cross First Class recipients were women, one of whom was test pilot Hanna Reitsch.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OFFICERS SWORD HELBIG

Lot #407 (Sale Order 503 of 952)

Nice later production, (post-1940), roughly, 72cm long, nickel/silver plated, drop forged steel, dual edged, blade, with a central fuller running from the cross guard about, 25cm long down the blade towards the tip. The blade is in overall very good, clean condition with the expected light age. The reverse ricasso of the blade is well marked with the acid etched manufacturers name, location and logo consisting of a vertically oval cartouche with the manufacturers name and location, "F & A Helbig Steinbach Kr.M", also has a stamped Luftwaffe style waffen-amt. The original blue leather washer is still intact. The sword has a cast, polished natural aluminum cross guard and pommel. The nicely detailed cross guard features downwardly curved, stylized wings to each side with a central, raised circular panel with a gilt washed, canted, sunwheel swastika to both the obverse and reverse. The blue Moroccan wrapped, carved wooden grip has its original dual strand, twisted silver/aluminum wire wrap still intact to one of the grooves and single strand to the other. The cast, polished aluminum pommel also features a gilt washed, canted, sunwheel swastika to both the obverse and reverse with the edge of the pommel displaying an ornate, repeating, hand etched oak-leave pattern. The sword comes complete with its original alloy construction scabbard with a grained blue Moroccan leather covering and polished natural aluminum fittings. The scabbards leather covering is in overall very good condition with a couple of small scrape and scuff marks. Both of the fittings have two small counter sunk retaining screws intact. The top fitting also has an integral hanger suspension loop to each side and comes with dual suspension rings but the standard blue Moroccan leather hanger is absent. Nice clean example. In March 1933 the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), was established by incorporating all civilian flying clubs into the one organization. The DLV was utilized as a camouflage civilian organization to train personnel for the future Luftwaffe. As a civilian organization it was able to circumvent the restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty, which prohibited a German military air service. In February and April 1934 respectively the DLV introduced a dagger for Officer’s and a knife for all ranks. Later in 1934 members of the Fliegerschaft, the secret military branch of the DLV, adopted both sidearms for wear. Also in late 1934 the "Ehrenschwert", (Honor Sword), was introduced by Hermann Göring for presentation to specifically selected personnel of the Fliegerschaft. With the official establishment of the Luftwaffe in March 1935, the newly introduced sword was awarded to all Luftwaffe officer’s in good-standing and the official designation of the sword was altered to Offizierschwert, (Officer’s Sword), although it was most commonly referred to as the Fliegerschwert, (Flyer’s Sword). Regulations dictated that all Officer’s and senior NCO’s wear the sword with the Service, Reporting, Walking-out, and Parade Dress uniforms. The early issue swords were constructed with German nickel/silver or plated fittings while later models, (circa-1940), had aluminum fittings. Of Note: Wear of the Luftwaffe Officer’s swords was discontinued by order of December 23RD 1944.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DOVE HEAD SWORD BY EICKHORN WW2

Lot #408 (Sale Order 504 of 952)

Nazi German Officer dress sword manufacturer stamped "Eickhorn Solingen" with the logo on the ricasso behind the langet. Plain blade is in excellent condition as are the grips and wire wrap. The national eagle is present on the langet. Scabbard retains approx. 95% original paint. Excellent. The Sword/Sabre is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many army’s to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in early 1935 a wide variety of new sword and sabre designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAR MERIT CROSS 1st CLASS W BOX

Lot #409 (Sale Order 505 of 952)

This cased, early scarce example has a mint frosty finish which gives it a great look. There is minor visible wear to the details. The reverse features a nickel/silver, coke bottle shaped pin, which functions properly. A great example! The War Merit Cross was instituted by Adolf Hitler on October 18TH 1939, in two classes with both classes issued, with and without swords, for award to military personnel and civilians, including females and foreigners, for exemplary service and/or bravery in Germany’s war effort, in a non-combatant role. The addition of swords to the award signified bravery while awards without swords were bestowed for service. Of Note: The War Merit cross series of awards was expanded on August 19TH 1940, to include a Knight’s Cross of the War Merit Cross for award to personnel who had provided a substantial contribution to the war effort and the War Merit Medal for award to German nationals and foreign civilians who provided exceptional service to the war effort.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HITLER YOUTH SCHOOL ITEMS PHOTOS

Lot #410 (Sale Order 506 of 952)

A collection of Hitler Youth and Leader Books to include 1) WWII Nazi German Hitler Youth Class Photo In Uniform. Great WWII Hitler Youth class photo of a child in uniform. Photo card has two photographs, one taken at the beginning of the class in May of 1938 and at the end of the class of December of 1938. The HJ member's name was Guitfried Zerzawh measuring 6 1/2 X 4 1/2 inches. 2) WWII Nazi German Hitler Youth Class Photo In Uniform. Great WWII Hitler Youth class photo of a child in uniform. Photo card has two photographs, one taken at the beginning of the class in May of 1938 and at the end of the class of December of 1938. The HJ member's name was Willi Schaaf measuring 6 1/2 X 4 1/2. 3) WWII Nazi German Hitler Youth Class Photo In Uniform. Great WWII Hitler Youth class photo of a child in uniform. Photo card has two photographs, one taken at the beginning of the class in May of 1938 and at the end of the class of December of 1938. The HJ member's name was Leo Hochhaus measuring 6 1/2 X 4 1/2. 4) WWII Nazi German Hitler Youth Class Photo In Uniform. Great WWII Hitler Youth class photo of a child in uniform. Photo card has two photographs, one taken at the beginning of the class in May of 1938 and at the end of the class of December of 1938. The HJ member's name was Willi Rövekamp measuring 6 1/2 X 4 1/2 inches. 5) Das Neue Soldaten Liederbuch Song Books Set of Three. "Das Neue Soldaten" song book set of all 3 books. All are in generally good condition, with light wear and a few spots of discoloration. The orange book is named to Bruno Richter and the blue one has a stamp from a music shop inside. They measure about 5 5/8" by 4".

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOTH INSIGNIA LOT POLICE NSDAP

Lot #411 (Sale Order 507 of 952)

WWII Nazi German items to include 1) GERMAN WATER POLICE SPORTS SHIRT EAGLE. This Water Police Sport Shirt patch is the typical Bevo machine woven construction. The front features a beautifully detailed rendition of the wreathed eagle and swastika Polizei emblem, in light blue thread (indicating Water Police) on a white background. The back of this Water Police Sport Shirt Emblem shows details of the machine weaving. This patch is really nice, clean and crisp, with full original color. There are no holes, stains or other damage, and no signs of wear or of ever having been sewn to anything. Overall, this attractive piece of Polizei insignia rates near mint and has been removed from the shirt. 2) SECTION OF PRINTED SWASTIKAS FOR PENNANT OR ARMBAND. A torn section of two full swastikas and two partial ones on a white cotton fabric measuring 12 X 9 inches. 3) THREE HITLER YOUTH ARMBAND CENTER PIECES. BeVo machine woven centers of the Hitler Youth or NSDAP armbands on Rayon measuring 9 1/4 X 3 1/4 inches.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DEMJANSK CAMPAIGN SHIELD LOT WW2

Lot #412 (Sale Order 508 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot of Demjansk Campaign Shields to include 1) Die stamped magnetic sheet metal construction, scalloped sided, shield with a silver wash. The shield features an embossed, stylized national eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons to the top center, positioned above an embossed, defensive bulwark with the embossed script, "Demjansk" which in turn is situated above a face-on, likeness of an aircraft, flanked by crossed swords with the embossed date "1942" to the bottom. The shield is mounted on a vertically oval, field-gray wool base with an alloy base plate and a protective paper backing both intact. The field-gray wool base indicates Army issue. 2) Die stamped magnetic sheet metal construction, scalloped sided, shield with a silver wash. The shield features an embossed, stylized national eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons to the top center, positioned above an embossed, defensive bulwark with the embossed script, "Demjansk" which in turn is situated above a face-on, likeness of an aircraft, flanked by crossed swords with the embossed date "1942" to the bottom. Missing the original backing and pins. The Demjansk Campaign shield was instituted by Adolf Hitler on April 25TH 1943 as the fourth, officially sanctioned, campaign shield and was intended for award to personnel who participated in the defence and the eventual break out of the besieged Russian village of Demjansk between February 8TH 1941 and April 21ST 1942. The shield was awarded to roughly 100,00 personnel of the 2ND Army Corps, Organization Todt, Russian volunteers, Waffen-SS and Luftwaffe personnel who served in the area for sixty or more days, were wounded, or flew fifty flights over the area during the engagement. The shields were bestowed to eligible personnel by the Commander of Army Group North, General of Infantry Graf Brockdorf-Ahlefeldt and were to be worn on the upper left sleeve of the uniform with the color of the backing material to match that of the uniform it was to be worn on.

WWII NAZI DAF WERKSCHAR PERSONNEL'S OVERSEAS CAP

Lot #413 (Sale Order 509 of 952)

Nice quality, deep navy blue wool construction, second pattern, DAF-Werkscharen personnel’s overseas cap. The cap features non-functional, side and back panels which slope gently downwards to the front center of the cap. The crown and side, back panel top edges are all trimmed with light blue rayon piping. The front center of the cap has a machine woven national eagle with out-stretched wings in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads on a black, woven rayon, inverted triangular base positioned above two, small, pebbled, magnetic sheet metal, buttons. The eagle is neatly hand stitched to the cap. The interior of the cap is fully lined in black rayon, with a partial tan leather sweatband to the front section. The lining has a navy blue oilcloth RZM/DAF tag with white printed script and black inkstamped manufacturers numerical code. The oilcloth tag includes both the RZM and DAF cogwheel logos and script, "Mütze für Werkscharen der DAF", (Cap for Labor Squads of the DAF). The RZM/DAF tag is machine stitched to the lining. Roughly a size marked "54". Excellent. The Deutsche Arbeitsfront, (German Labor Front), originally founded in 1933, became an official NSDAP organization in October 1934. Its stated purpose was to educate the workers in industry and commerce for smooth and efficient operation of all labor in the Third Reich. The structure of the DAF was basically the same as the NSDAP with different political levels of organization. Due to the diversification in labor the DAF was divided into sub-sections for specific trades and/or professions and it also controlled the Kdf, Kraft durch Freude, (Strength through Joy), organization which provided recreation for workers. However the DAF’s most important goal was to enforce the political stability of the large mass of the work force. One of the sub-sections of the DAF was the DAF-Werkscharen, (DAF-Labor Squads). The Werkscharen were established in February 1935 and were to act as the NSDAP’s "watch-dog", in industrial factories. In June 1935 the Werkscharen were granted independent status and uniform regulations were enacted. In November 1935 the first pattern Werkscharen overseas cap was introduced. In April 1937 with a reorganization of the Werkscharen a second pattern overseas cap was introduced and the first pattern cap was discontinued. Originally the colored piping was intended to indicate rank groups but when the DAF submitted the design of the cap to the RZM they misinterpreted the meaning of the colored piping to indicate the political regional level of the wearer as with the NSDAP political leaders caps with the light blue indicating Orts Gruppe level as opposed to the DAF’s intention of rank. In March 1938, with a restructuring of DAF ranks the colored political level piping was abolished and only silver and gold piping was utilized by the appropriate ranks.

WWII NAZI FEUERSCHUTZPOLIZEI NCO'S OVERSEAS CAP

Lot #414 (Sale Order 510 of 952)

Nice quality, navy blue, wool/rayon blend construction overseas cap features simulated fold down side and back panels with gently sloping, downward scallops to the front and forward sides. The cap is trimmed with carmine wool truppenfarbe piping. The front center of the cap has a machine woven, second pattern, (circa June 1936-May 1945), wreathed, police style national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons, in white rayon threads on a, woven black trapezoidal, rayon base. The insignia is original machine stitching to the cap. The interior of the cap is fully lined in blue rayon. Roughly a size 56. On June 17TH 1936, Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler was appointed to the newly created position of Chef der Deutschen Polizei im Reichsministerium des Innern, (Chief of the German Police in the National Ministry of the Interior), effectively giving him full control of all police agencies within Germany. As a result of this appointment and the restructuring of all the separate German state police into a single national police force new regulations were instituted on June 25TH 1936 to bring about uniformity in dress for all police through-out the country. The police NCO’s overseas cap was originally introduced on July 7TH 1937 and was utilized for the duration of the war. The Feuerschutzpolizei, (Fire Protection Police), were distinguished from other police personnel with navy blue uniforms and headgear as opposed to the police green uniforms of the other police agencies. Of Note: A Himmler directive in November 1938 dictated that the Urban Fire Protection Police exchange their blue uniforms for the new police green uniforms. The Police were divided into eight assorted branches of service with each branch being assigned a specific identifying, truppenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with the Feuerschutzpolizei being allocated carmine truppenfarbe which was generally displayed as piping on NCO’s overseas caps. The insignia on the police overseas caps consisted of the second pattern police eagle as introduced on June 25TH 1936. Although wear of the national tri-color cockade was contrary to regulations it was a fairly common practice. An Officers version of the overseas cap was officially introduced in the autumn of 1939 and was distinguished from NCO’s caps by the inclusion of bright silver/aluminum piping to the crown and scalloped edging. Police Officers holding the rank of Polizei-Leutnant to Generaloberst der Polizei were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and headgear and could purchase them through the SS-Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system which was originally established in Munich in 1935. The Officers were allotted a one time clothing allowance from the government with the amount varying depending on the individuals rank. The ranks of Polizei Unterwachtmeister to Polizei-Obermeister were issued their uniforms although they could also choose to purchase privately tailored garments of higher quality although the price may have been restrictive. The German Police had no enlisted ranks with the lowest rank being an Unterwachtmeister which was equivalent to the German army rank of Unteroffizier.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OVERSEAS CAP HAT WW2

Lot #415 (Sale Order 511 of 952)

Luftwaffe blue/gray, wool/rayon blend construction cap features fold down side and back panels with gently sloping, downward scallops to the front and forward sides. The front center of the cap has a machine embroidered, second pattern, (Circa 1936/1937-1945), Luftwaffe eagle clutching a canted, swastika in one talon, in pale silvery/gray cotton threads mounted on a cut-out, blue/gray, wool base and the front center of the fold down panels has a machine embroidered, national tri-color cockade in black, white and red rayon threads. Both the eagle and the cockade are original handstitched in place. The interior of the cap is fully lined in blue/gray rayon. There are no longer any visible markings, they are most probably there but now obscured by age or wear.Roughly a size 54. The "Schiffchenform", (Boat form), style overseas cap was originally developed by the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportverband, (German Air Sports League), the clandestine, civilian forerunner of the Luftwaffe, in 1933, and was adopted by the Luftwaffe shortly after its official establishment on February 26TH 1935. The insignia on the caps included the Luftwaffe style national eagle and the circular, black, white, and red national tri-color cockade as introduced on March 14TH 1933. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935. The original, short winged, first pattern national eagle was utilized until a, slightly modified, second pattern national eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations dictated that the national eagle was to be worn on almost all headgear and on the right breast of almost all uniforms with a few minor exceptions. The overseas caps for Company and Field grade Officer's holding the ranks of Leutnant up to Oberst were distinguished from EM/NCO's caps by bright silver/aluminum piping while Officers holding Generals ranks of Generalmajor up to Reichsmarschall utilized gold colored fittings and EM/NCO's caps were generally not piped. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own headgear and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Luftwaffe Verkaufsabteilung, (Air-Force Sales Department), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO's could choose to purchase their headgear from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase headgear of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICERS LUFTWAFFE OVERSEAS CAP

Lot #416 (Sale Order 512 of 952)

Nice quality, private purchase, Luftwaffe blue/gray, wool/rayon blend construction cap with a subtle whipcord weave features fold down side and back panels with gently sloping, downward scallops to the front and forward sides. The top edge of the scalloped panels are piped in bright, interwoven, silver/aluminum braid. The front center of the cap has a machine embroidered, second pattern, Luftwaffe eagle clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons on a cut-out, Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base and the front center of the fold down panels has a machine embroidered, padded, national tri-color cockade in black and white threads with an a central, red wool dot. Both the eagle and the cockade are neatly handstitched in place. The interior of the cap is fully lined in gray rayon. Roughly a size 54. Excellent. The "Schiffchenform", (Boat form), style overseas cap was originally developed by the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportverband, (German Air Sports League), the clandestine, civilian forerunner of the Luftwaffe, in 1933, and was adopted by the Luftwaffe shortly after its official establishment on February 26TH 1935. The insignia on the caps included the Luftwaffe style national eagle and the circular, black, white, and red national tri-color cockade as introduced on March 14TH 1933. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935. The original, short winged, first pattern national eagle was utilized until a, slightly modified, second pattern national eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations dictated that the national eagle was to be worn on almost all headgear and on the right breast of almost all uniforms with a few minor exceptions. The overseas caps for Company and Field grade Officer's holding the ranks of Leutnant up to Oberst were distinguished from EM/NCO's caps by bright silver/aluminum piping while Officers holding Generals ranks of Generalmajor up to Reichsmarschall utilized gold colored fittings and EM/NCO's caps were generally not piped. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own headgear and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Luftwaffe Verkaufsabteilung, (Air-Force Sales Department), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO's could choose to purchase their headgear from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase headgear of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NAZI GERMAN REICHSBAHN NCO’S VISOR CAP WW2

Lot #417 (Sale Order 513 of 952)

Issued, navy blue wool construction visor cap with black velvet centerband and orange/red wool piping to the top and bottom edges of the centerband. Gilt washed national eagle metal with nation cockade. Nice complete visor, oilcloth liner and full ersatz sweatband. Sweatband has some tears. Original chin cord is present. Size 55. When Hitler and the NSDAP gained power in January 1933 the German railway system was maintained and administered by two civilian organizations, the DR, Deutsches Reichsbahn, (German National Railway), and the, DR-G, Deutsches Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft, (German National Railway-Corporation), which were overseen by the national government. Both the DR, and the DR-G were uniformed organizations responsible for all the railways within Greater Germany and eventually in the occupied areas. In February 1937 in a restructuring of the national railways the DR-G was absorbed into the DR. The uniforms and insignia of the DR personnel were modified numerous times during the Third Reich including, July 1935 , June 1936, February 1941, September 1941 and February 1942. As a civilian organization DR personnel were not graded with ranks but were assigned positions as officials.

WWII RAD DOUBLE DECAL BEADED M38 GLADIATOR HELMET

Lot #418 (Sale Order 514 of 952)

One piece stamped sheet steel construction M38 "Gladiator" style helmet retains a good of its over painted smooth brown painted finish. The helmet has a RAD decal to each side of the helmet. The helmet has two groups of seven "salt & pepper" ventilation holes to either side of the crown. All three of the small, flat headed, liner retaining rivets are intact. The helmet has an embossed horizontal beaded rim between the crown and the visor/neck guard. The visor/neck guard has a semi-circular "ear" cut-out and a brazed vertical seam to either side. Complete original liner and chinstrap. Size marked 57. The basis of the Reichsarbeitsdienst, (National Labor Service), dates back, at least, to 1929 with the formation of the AAD, Anhalt Arbeitsdienst, (Anhalt Labor Service), and the FAD-B, Freiwillingen Arbeitsdienst-Bayern, (Volunteer Labor Service Bavaria). Shortly after Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor, (January 30TH 1933), the NSDAP consolidated these, and other labor organizations into the NSAD, Nationalsozialist Arbeitsdienst, (National Socialist Labor Service), under the control of Reichsarbeitsführer Konstatin Hierl. On June 26TH 1935 the NSAD was re-designated RAD. In April 1934 Hitler developed a uniform including several variants of helmets.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP BLOCKLEITER UNIFORM GROUP

Lot #419 (Sale Order 515 of 952)

A uniform grouping comprised of a service tunic, tie and breeches. Standard four pocket tunic. Blockleiter collar tabs and wool armband neatly hand stitched to the tunic. Buttons look to be all original stitching. Roughly a size 40" chest. Comes with a nice complete pair of size 34" breeches and a tan RZM tagged tie. There also is a reproduction Golden Party Pin included and was used for display purposes. The NSDAP, "Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (National-socialist German Worker’s-party), was originally founded, in Munich, in January of 1919. Known then as the DAP, "Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (German Worker’s-party), when Adolf Hitler joined it, in the autumn of 1919, he set about reforming what was basically a debating society into an active political party. Appointed as its first chairman in July of 1921, Hitler restructured the party along para-military lines in four ascending levels of government, consisting of the "Ortsgruppenleitung," the "Kreisleitung," the "Gauleitung," and the "Reichsleitung," with each group being distinguished by a specific color of piping on their collar tabs and visor cap. Uniform regulations for Nazi political leaders were addressed as early as 1920, underwent numerous modifications, and were largely finalized by May of 1939.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSFK ENLISTED RANKS TUNIC WW2

Lot #420 (Sale Order 516 of 952)

Unissued NSFK enlisted ranks tunic. This ones not been issued and therefore has no numbers on the right tab. Its very nice clean no mothing. Luftwaffe blue/gray wool open neck cut four pocket tunic has yellow twist cord piping to the collar each tab is blank with yellow piping and a single yellow piped shoulder board. Alum pebbled buttons all over. It comes with the Party wool armband period applied. Full gray cotton twill liner no markings, a mint tunic! Originally instituted in January 1932 the NSFK Nationalsozialistisches Fliegerkorps, (National Socialist Flying Corps), was soon absorbed into the DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). On April 17TH 1937 the NSFK, was reestablished and at the same time the DLV, was disbanded. The NSFK was mainly a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid personnel. The NSFK’s mandate covered all aspects of civilian flight and the organization was divided into three main sections consisting of aircraft, balloons and glider flight. As an affiliate organization of the NSDAP, personnel serving with the NSFK originally wore the "Tradition Uniform" as other NSDAP related organizations with minor variations. On its reestablishment in April 1937 the NSFK introduced specific uniforms and headgear that were based on the uniforms utilized by the DLV with minor variations. Originally the 1937 pattern uniforms only utilized a single shoulder strap/board until regulations of July 1941 introduced wear of two shoulder straps/boards. Of Note: The NSFK service tunic was almost identical to the Luftwaffe pattern service tunic.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KREIGSMARINE M1940 TROPICAL TUNIC

Lot #421 (Sale Order 517 of 952)

Kreigsmarine (Navy) 1940 pattern Tropical Service Tunic (Tropen Dienstrock). It is constructed out of a multi-piece quality tan ribbed cotton twill. It features four pleated pockets with scalloped flaps. The hand stitched on EM/NCO Tropical beast eagle is constructed out of a machine embroidered yellow national eagle stitched to a green rayon base. The interior is nicely maker marked and dated 1943. Overall Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZERJÄGER EM’S M35 DRESS TUNIC

Lot #422 (Sale Order 518 of 952)

Private purchase field-grey wool construction M35 dress tunic features a vertical eight button front closure with double metal hooks and eyes positioned at the forward neckline and a lay down blue/green badge cloth collar. Very nice pair of "Panzer 36" shoulder straps. The tunic is roughly a size 34" chest. Shows the expect light age and usage but overall very nice tunic. The M35 dress tunic was introduced for wear by all ranks on June 29TH 1935 as the walking out, parade and ceremonial dress with the piped, stone grey long pants. The design of the M35 dress tunic was based on the Imperial German army’s service tunic but was a different color and generally of much higher quality. Originally all personnel were issued two M35 dress tunics but manufacture was discontinued in late 1939 or early 1940 and was to be reinstated at the successful conclusion of the war. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 stated that the M35 dress tunics that were no longer suitable for dress wear were to be modified and reissued to personnel of the replacement and reserve units for every day wear. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the army’s Kleiderkasse, (Clothing Account), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their uniforms from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase garments of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their uniforms from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored uniforms although the price may have been restrictive.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLITICAL LEADER TUNIC W/ ARMBAND

Lot #423 (Sale Order 519 of 952)

Nazi German Ortsgruppe Level Political leaders tunic with armband. Tan tunic is light weight ribbed cotton twill construction. Complete with its original S-ring removable gilt washed political buttons. Oilcloth RZM tag is still present. Approx. 36" chest. Near mint with blue piped collar tabs one having a single pip. BeVo armband. Excellent. The NSDAP, "Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (National-socialist German Worker’s-party), was originally founded, in Munich, in January of 1919. Known then as the DAP, "Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" (German Worker’s-party), when Adolf Hitler joined it, in the autumn of 1919, he set about reforming what was basically a debating society into an active political party. Appointed as its first chairman in July of 1921, Hitler restructured the party along para-military lines in four ascending levels of government, consisting of the "Ortsgruppenleitung," the "Kreisleitung," the "Gauleitung," and the "Reichsleitung," with each group being distinguished by a specific color of piping on their collar tabs and visor cap. Uniform regulations for Nazi political leaders were addressed as early as 1920, underwent numerous modifications, and were largely finalized by May of 1939.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ORGANISATION TODT SERVICE TUNIC

Lot #424 (Sale Order 520 of 952)

Rare Organisation Todt service jacket, consisting of brown cloth four pleated pocket tunic with turn back cuffs. Cloth party pattern armband with applied Org Todt band above. Plain silver pebbled buttons to the front and pockets. Roughly a size 38. Excellent. The OT, Organization Todt, was originally established in July 1933 under the command of Dr. Fritz Todt, an NSDAP member since 1923 and a construction engineer, who had just recently been appointed as General Inspector of Roads. In June 1938 the OT was charged with building the fortifications on the West Wall and in March 1940 Dr. Todt was also appointed as Minister of Munitions & Armament. In August 1941 Dr. Todt was also assigned as Minister for Water and Energy. Beginning in early 1942 the OT was also responsible for constructing the submarine pens on the northern coast of France. While the OT was a quasi-political organization when it was engaged in construction projects for the armed forces it nominally came under military control. The OT personnel consisted mostly of trained civil engineers and laborers. Uniforms for OT personnel were introduced shortly after the outbreak of the war and were basically the same uniform as worn by RAD Reichs Arbeits Dienst, (National Labor Service), personnel with minor variations.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HITLER YOUTH RAIN CAPE PONCHO WW2

Lot #425 (Sale Order 521 of 952)

Rare Hitler Youth foul weather poncho, rich brown cloth with an oil cloth backing, 45" long from the top of the collar to the end of the jacket. Three smooth brown composite buttons held with miniature paperboard buttons secure the front, and the same type of buttons are used to secure the arm openings in this sleeveless garment. The verso of each button bears an RZM stamp. The back of the garment features a series of straps beneath a flap on the shoulders that would allow the garment to be rolled up for easy storage. Bears a cloth label inside the collar, with Hitler Youth and RZM logos, identifying the garment as an "H.J. Regenumhang" ("Hitler Youth Rain Cape"), manufactured by Gieral. Very rare clothing article, especially in this condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OBERST UNIFORM GROUPING

Lot #426 (Sale Order 522 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe Oberst or the rank of Colonel's uniform grouping consist his tunic that is remarkably great condition throughout. The trousers are the jodhpur riding style and are in perfect condition as well. The tunic has had a cufftitle at one time. The uniform was brought back by a member of the Army prisoner interrogation unit. After his capture all of his medals and cuffband was removed unfortunately except his 2nd class Spange or his Kuban shield and breast eagle. according to the father, about a week's internment the POW's were given uniforms to wear and the Officer gave it to the Vet. On the top right pocket, you can see the loops for what can only have been the badge of the ndor Legion and underneath that are two more loops that was probably the Spanish medal of special distinction or even possibly the German Cross. On the left side on the pocket you can see the loops that can only be the Iron Cross 1st Class and below that the loops for the Wound Badge and two other sets of loops for possibly for a proficiency badge of some type. This Officer could have also received the Knight's Cross but we will never know as this has been lost to time. Judging by the Kuban shield I would say he had been a former fighter pilot or bomber command officer and then was possibly wounded in aerial combat and reassigned to the communication corps. Visor Cap Luftwaffe blue/gray, wool/rayon blend construction visor cap with a very subtle whipcord weave features a black horizontally ribbed interwoven mohair centerband and bright interwoven silver/aluminum piping to the crown edge and both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. The front center of the cap has a hand embroidered second pattern Luftwaffe eagle in bright silver/aluminum wire threads with bright silver/aluminum bullion accent threads on a cut-out Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base. The eagle is neatly handstitched to the cap. The front center of the centerband has a hand embroidered winged oak-leaf wreath in silver/aluminum wire threads encompassing a hand embroidered national tri-color cockade. The wreath has gray and black accent threads and the national tri-color cockade is constructed in black and silver/aluminum wire threads with an a central red painted dot. The winged wreath and cockade are mounted on a cut-out black wool base which is also handstitched in place. The cap has an interwoven twisted silver/aluminum, braid chin cord which is secured to the cap by two small silver washed pebbled alloy buttons. Black lacquered fiberboard visor has stitched on simulated leather edging. The interior of the cap is fully lined in golden yellow rayon. Lining to the interior crown has a celluloid sweat diamond. Cap has a full leather sweatband which is complete and maker marked to Erel. Cap is roughly size 55. Excellent

WWII NAZI CUT FROM TUNIC KRETA AFRIKA CUFFTITLE

Lot #427 (Sale Order 523 of 952)

WWII Nazi German removed from the tunic cufftitles to include 1) Subtly ribbed, woven, white, cotton/rayon blend construction cufftitle with machine embroidered, block, Latin script "Kreta", flanked on either side by ornate, acanthus leaves, all in bright, golden yellow, cotton threads. The script stands out in nice, high relief while the leaf ornamentation is slightly lower. The cufftitle is bordered at both the top and bottom edges in bright, golden yellow, rayon Russian braiding. The acanthus leaves are the typical type with seven petals to each side. The cufftitle has the typical, opened back, construction which reveals the reverse of the embroidery measuring 10 inches and have been removed from the tunic. The "Kreta", (Crete), cufftitle was the first in a series of four, campaign award, cufftitles and was introduced on October 16TH 1942, for award to personnel who participated in the successful assault on the Greek, Mediterranean island of Crete from May 20TH to June 1ST 1941. The cufftitle was considered a military combat decoration, and as such, was bestowed with a corresponding award possession document and entered into the recipient’s official military service documentation. Bestowal of the award was opened to personnel in all three branches of service who had actively been involved in the invasion of Crete. The "Kreta" cufftitle was worn on the lower left sleeve of the field blouse, service tunic and greatcoat by all eligible personnel with no differentiation for rank. Of Note: The "Kreta" cufftitle utilized acanthus leaves as ornamentation which is a perennial herb or shrub native to the Mediterranean area and has been used through-out ancient history as ornamentation in art and architecture. The acanthus leaves symbolize quality, strength, longevity and creativity. The "Kreta" cufftitle was manufactured in two slightly different versions with one version having seven acanthus leaf petals and the other with nine. Due to the significant role that the German Fallschirmjäger, (Paratroopers), played in the successful invasion they were awarded a large percentage of the "Kreta" cufftitles. Of Note: The Greek, Mediterranean island of Crete was very strategically important to the Allies affording them secure naval harbors in the eastern Mediterranean and airfields within range of the significant, German allied, Romanian oilfields. Although the German’s had successfully utilized it’s Paratrooper and Glider borne Infantry on a limited basis, in Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Holland, France and Greece, Unternehmen Merkur, (Operation Mercury), launched on May 20TH 1941, the German assault on Crete, was the first, primarily, airborne assault ever mounted with roughly half of the German participants being Paratrooper and Glider borne Infantry personnel. Although the operation was a success the German airborne casualties were considered so high by Hitler it prompted him to reevaluate German airborne assault doctrine and allegedly declare to Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross, (later Oak-leaves to the Knight’s Cross holder), General der Flieger Kurt Student, that the ultimately important, surprise element of the Paratroopers had been eliminated and as a result the German’s never launched another large airborne assault during the remainder of the war. Also Of Note: The other three campaign award cufftitles consisted of the "Afrika" cufftitle as introduced on January 15TH 1943, the "Metz" cufftitle as introduced on October 24TH 1944 and the "Kurland", (Courland), cufftitle as introduced on March 12TH 1945. 2) Woven, brushed, khaki/tan, camelhair construction cufftitle features machine embroidered, capitalized Latin script, "Afrika", flanked by palm trees to either side in silvery/gray rayon threads. The top and bottom edges of the cufftitle are bordered in machine stitched on, horizontal, silvery/gray, rayon Russian braiding. The cufftitle has both the top and bottom edges machine stitched down to the reverse and has the typical opened back revealing the reverse of the embroidered script measuring 8 3/4 inches and having been removed from the tunic. In late 1940 the Germans began the hasty formation of the DAK, Deutsches Afrikakorps, (German Africa Corps), under command of, then Generalmajor, later Generalfeldmarschall, Erwin Rommel, as an expeditionary force to assist their Italian allies in the disastrous North African campaign. The first units of the DAK arrived in Tripoli in February 1941 and under Rommel’s inspired leadership the DAK and their Italian allies were soon able to push the British back and bring some stability to the region.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FRAMED PHOTO OF KIA SOLDIER WW2

Lot #428 (Sale Order 524 of 952)

Beautifully executed framed photo of purportedly KIA solder in an elaborate metal frame in the shape of oak leaves and acorns measuring 9 X 10 inches. The soldier in the photo is wearing an M36 combat tunic with a farrier's trade badge and a M34 overseas cap with soutache. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN SA WEHRMANNSCHAFTEN BELT BUCKLE

Lot #429 (Sale Order 525 of 952)

Injection molded, aluminum construction box belt buckle features a smooth, outer field with a high relief, embossed, central motif pattern consisting of a political style national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreath, encompassing a mobile swastika. The swastika and wreath are in turn encompassed by a circular, simulated, twisted rope border with oak leaves. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and the buckle catch, prong bar and prongs are all intact. The reverse of the buckle is well marked with the embossed "RZM" logo, and "M4/22" indicating manufacture by C. Th. Dicke. Of note; Dicke was the only maker of this buckle. The SA, Sturm Abteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), was originally formed in the August 1921 as a protective guard unit for the political leaders of the fledgling NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), and as with the NSDAP the SA was structure along para-military lines. The SA-Wehrmannschaften was created in 1939 with a primary function as an Internal Defence unit.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HJ LEADERS BELT BUCKLE WW2

Lot #430 (Sale Order 526 of 952)

1936 pattern, die stamped, three piece, alloy construction buckle with a nickel/silver plate.. The circular belt buckle features a highly embossed HJ style national eagle clutching the HJ diamond to the center on a slightly pebbled background field. The eagle is encompassed by a circular, ribbed background border with simulated twisted rope trim to both the inner and outer edges. The ribbed border has a highly embossed, Gothic script, HJ motto to the top, "Blut und Ehre", (Blood and Honor). The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has a separate brazed on, catch and belt retaining hook. The raised buckle catch is well marked with deeply stamped RZM logo with dual circular borders and manufacturers code, "M4/119" indicating manufacture by Eugen Schmiedhausler of Pforzheim. A standard pattern, circular, HJ Leaders belt buckle was first introduced in 1929, but was discarded in favour of the standard HJ box buckle on its introduction in 1933. On November 6TH 1936 a new circular HJ Leaders belt buckle was introduced and wear of the standard HJ box buckle was discontinued for all Officer’s ranks. On its introduction the HJ Leaders belt buckle was only produced in silver but additional regulations of September 30TH 1938 established a gold version. After the introduction of the gold buckle regulations dictated that the HJ Officer’s wear the appropriate colored buckle to match the color of their shoulder board insignia devices.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BELT BUCKLE WW2

Lot #431 (Sale Order 527 of 952)

Gilt washed, die stamped steel construction, box buckle features a pebbled outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has the brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Unmarked. Military belts and their corresponding buckles date back centuries and were initially designed for attaching swords and daggers. In 1847 Prussian Hauptmann Johann Christoph Virchow introduced a new, innovative, box buckle with a quick release catch and corresponding belt for EM/NCO’s ranks and initiated a new method of carrying personal equipment with the belt and shoulder straps supporting the majority of the weight. This system, with modifications, remains in use in most of the armies in the world to this day. During the Third Reich era, (1933-1945), there was a prescribed form of wear of the belt and buckle with the buckle being positioned on the right side and the corresponding buckle catch on the left side. On August 4TH 1936 a new pattern EM/NCO’s belt buckle was officially introduced to replace the previously worn Weimar Reichmarine era, (National Navy, Circa 1919-1933), buckle. The basic design of the Reichsmarine buckle was retained with the addition of the new Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style national eagle. The buckle was identical to the Army EM/NCO’s belt buckle, that had been introduced on January 24TH 1936, but generally had a different colored finish. On introduction all Kriegsmarine, (War Navy), EM/NCO’s belt buckles had a gilt finish, but in 1937 a dark blue/black finish was introduced for Küstenartillerie, (Coastal Artillery), personnel, and at an unknown date, presumably sometime in 1940, field-grey buckles were introduced for wear with the field-grey uniforms. Of Note: Originally military buckles produced under government contract had the addition of a leather, (canvas web for tropical buckles), tabs which were designed to help support the ammunition pouches and prevent slippage but regulations of March 28TH 1942 discontinued the tabs to preserve leather although the directive was not completely adhered to. Also The standard issue belt buckles were roughly, 4.5cm-4.7cm, (roughly 1 3/4"-1 7/8"), tall, while private purchase belt buckles were generally a little smaller ranging from 3.5cm-4.cm, (1 3/8"-1 5/8"), tall.

WWII NAZI POLITICAL OPEN CLAW BELT BUCKLE LOT OF 5

Lot #432 (Sale Order 528 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Officer's open claw belt buckle lot of 5 with open rectangular, double claw belt buckles that are pebbled to their front. Reverse of the bucklse are RZM marked by various makers. Excellent The open claw belt buckle was authorized for wear by almost all political and military organizations during the Third Reich, with a variety of different institution dates. Belts for Political Leaders were initially produced of chocolate brown leather, until 1939 when the Havana brown coloration was chosen as its replacement. Similar, blackened belts were worn by a variety of political organizations, such as the NSKK and NSFK, with the color of the buckle being some indication of rank, gold rating higher than silver.

WWII NAZI POLITICAL OPEN CLAW BELT BUCKLE LOT OF 5

Lot #433 (Sale Order 529 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Officer's open claw belt buckle lot of 5 with open rectangular, double claw belt buckles that are pebbled to their front. Reverse of the buckles are RZM marked by various makers. Excellent The open claw belt buckle was authorized for wear by almost all political and military organizations during the Third Reich, with a variety of different institution dates. Belts for Political Leaders were initially produced of chocolate brown leather, until 1939 when the Havana brown coloration was chosen as its replacement. Similar, blackened belts were worn by a variety of political organizations, such as the NSKK and NSFK, with the color of the buckle being some indication of rank, gold rating higher than silver.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE LEATHER MAP CASE WW2

Lot #434 (Sale Order 530 of 952)

Mid-brown pebbled leather construction case with steel fittings. Case is roughly 29cm tall, and 20cm wide with folding accordion sides. The case has a fold over top closure flap with dual overlaid, stitched on, vertical closure straps with riveted on alloy fittings. The top vertical closure strap has a riveted on alloy tip and the bottom, wider vertical closure strap has a riveted on alloy plate with three horizontal cut-out slots. Bottom, front center of the case body has a corresponding, riveted on oval alloy base plate with a raised bar for the vertical closure straps. For secure closure the bottom vertical closure strap would have the raised bar inserted through the appropriate horizontal cut-out slot and the top vertical closure strap would in turn be inserted through the raised bar. The front body of the case has a stitched on ruler pocket, eraser pocket with a quick release pull tab, eight vertical pencil holders and a small angle measuring instrument pocket. Both the eraser pocket and instrument pocket have a button snap flap. The top fold over flap covers the top openings of the eraser, pencil and tool pockets to ensure against losing the items. Both original belt attachment loops are present. Excellent Map/dispatch cases were issued on a limited basis to specifically designated personnel such as unit commanders, messengers, and observers. The M35 map/dispatch case was based on the Weimar era, Reichsheer pattern map/dispatch case with minor variations. The M35 map/dispatch case underwent a front closure modification in mid-1936, and an additional small front pocket was added in 1938, although the early pattern cases continued to be manufactured through-out the war. The M35 map/dispatch cases were issued with assorted map reading tools, instruments and accessories. Of Note: As with other armies the Germans had a Kriegskarten- und Vermessungswesen Abteilung, (War Maps and Surveying Department), under command of the OKH, Oberkommando des Heeres, (High Command of the Army). The war maps and surveying department was responsible for all army issue maps and worked in conjunction with the German Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme, (National Land Survey Office). Regulations dictated that army issue maps were exclusively for use of army personnel and that any reproduction or improper usage were punishable offences. German army maps were generally named and numbered and were issued as required.

WWII NAZI NSDAP ORDENSBURGEN CUFFTITLE LOT OF 10

Lot #435 (Sale Order 531 of 952)

Lot of 10 early pattern, black rayon construction cufftitles with machine woven Gothic script in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads, "Ordensburgen". After Hitler’s assumption of power in January 1933 he set about restructuring the German education system. Although there were numerous changes in the educational system the most important was the creation of a three tiered system designed to train the youth elite to become the future leaders of the Greater German Reich. The three tiered system consisted of the NPEA, National Politische Erziehungsanstalt, (National Political Education Institutes), and the Ordensburgen, (Order Castles), schools both established in 1933, and the AHS, Adolf Hitler Schulen, (Adolf Hitler Schools), established in 1937. The AHS’s were administered by the Hitler Youth while the NPEA and the Ordensburgen were under the control of the NSDAP. The AHS and NPEA accepted students in the 10 to 12 year old age group with graduation being reached at age 18. The Ordensburgen accept the elite of the elite following their primary education and RAD labor Service or service in another NSDAP organization. The Ordensburgen were situated in four medieval style schools through out Germany at Crössinsee, Vogelsang, Sonthofen, and Marienburg. Each school accepted 1000 students, had a cadre staff of 500, and a specific curriculum. Students were to attend between one year to eighteen months at each school before graduating, but the program never reached its full term. Students wore a cufftitle with the appropriate school name on their uniforms while cadre staff and functionaries wore an Ordensburgen cufftitle.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICER CHIN CORD LOT OF 7 WW2

Lot #436 (Sale Order 532 of 952)

Lot of 7 various officers chin cords of the third Reich era. Mostly customs with also forestry and Heer and all are in excellent condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM NCO SWORD KNOT LOT OF 5 WW2

Lot #437 (Sale Order 533 of 952)

Lot of 5 EM’s NCO's sword/sabre knots consists gray leather straps, interwoven white leather slides, and braid balls. Bottom oval "dot" of the ball. All are in near mint to mint. Originating as a functional item used by mounted personnel to secure their swords to their wrists while in combat, the sword/bayonet knot evolved into an ornamental identifying item, and was introduced as such, in the Prussian Army in 1808. The sword/bayonet knot continued to be worn with the Dress uniform, as a tradition and identifying item through WWI, the Weimar republic and on into the Third Reich, with minor changes. For enlisted personnel the main components of, strap, slide, stem, crown, and ball were woven or pleated cotton in different colors representing which unit within a regiment the individual served. Junior NCO personnel wore a different type of sword bayonet knot, that did not show association with a particular unit, but indicated position.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BAYONET TRODDEL LOT OF 5 WW2

Lot #438 (Sale Order 534 of 952)

Lot of 5 bayonet troddel's consists cloth and metallic straps, interwoven cloth slides, and braid balls. Bottom oval "dot" of the ball. All are in excellent to mint condition. Edged weapon portepees / troddels and knots were originally introduced in the Prussian army in 1808, and continued to be worn with the Dress uniform, as a tradition and identifying item through WWI, the Weimar Republic and on into the Third Reich, with minor modifications. Originally designed as a functional item to secure the blade sidearm to the holders wrist the knots eventually evolved into a purely decorative, traditional edged weapon accessory. For enlisted personnel the main components of, strap, slide, stem, crown, and ball were woven or pleated cotton in different colors representing which unit within a regiment the wearer served. The basic regiment consisted of three Battalions with a Headquarters unit and four Companies each, with two additional Regimental or Headquarters Companies and usually a Reserve and Training Companies. This resulted in a colorful array of bayonet knots within a regiment with twelve or more assorted color combinations. Of Note: NCO personnel wore a different type of bayonet knot, that did not show association with a particular unit, but indicated position.

WWII LUFTWAFFE GESCHWADER GENERAL WEVER CUFFTITLE

Lot #439 (Sale Order 535 of 952)

Roughly 36mm tall 51cm long EM/NCO's pattern deep navy blue woven wool construction cufftitle with machine embroidered Gothic styled script "Geschwader General Wever" in silver bullion threads. The cufftitle has the typical opened back construction with the top and bottom edges folded over and machine stitched to the reverse. Excellent The Geschwader General Wever, (General Wever Squadron), Commemorative Honor cufftitle was one of a series of commemorative honor cufftitles introduced by the Luftwaffe to honor fallen comrades and heroic pilots of WWI. The Geschwader General Wever cufftitle was introduced on June 4TH 1936 for wear by all personnel serving with Kampfgeschwader Gotha, (Bomber Wing Gotha). The cufftitle was to be worn by all ranks on the lower right sleeve of the service tunic and officers were also authorized wear of the cufftitle on the lower right sleeve of the flight blouse and the optional white summer tunic. Officer’s cufftitle were produced in hand embroidered silver/aluminum wire threads while EM/NCO’s were produced in machine embroidered silver/grey threads. During the war Kampfgeschwader Gotha was re-designated Kampfgeschwader 253, then Jagdgeschwader 131 and finally Kampfgeschwader 4, but personnel retained the right to wear the cufftitle. Of Note: Born in Meinerzhagen on November 11TH 1887 Walther Wever had served in the German Infantry during WWI and transferred to the newly forming Luftwaffe and achieving his pilot’s licence at the age of forty-six in early 1933. On September 1ST 1933 Wever was appointed as commander of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Air Ministry), before being assigned as the first Chef der Generalstabs der Luftwaffe, (Chief of the General Staff of the Air-Force), on March 1ST 1935 and by early 1936 Wever had been promoted to the rank of Generalleutnant. An talented and enthusiastic staff officer Wever died in an airplane crash on June 3RD 1936. Wever, an ardent National Socialist, was very influential in forming the fledgling Luftwaffe and was greatly missed by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring after his death.

WWII LUFTWAFFE GESCHWADER HINDENBURG CUFFTITLE

Lot #440 (Sale Order 536 of 952)

Deep navy blue wool construction cuff title with Gothic embroidered script in silvery thread approximately 18" (46cm) in length, excellent. Kampfgeschwader 1 (KG 1) (Battle Wing 1) was a German medium bomber wing that operated in the Luftwaffe during World War II. KG 1 was created in 1939 as the Luftwaffe reorganized and expanded to meet Adolf Hitler's rearmament demands. It was founded in May 1939 and by December 1939, had three active Gruppen (Groups). In August 1940 a fourth Gruppe was added. KG 1 operated the Heinkel He 111 medium bomber and later the Heinkel He 177 heavy bomber. KG 1 served in the Invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 which began the war in Europe. It spent the Phoney War on reconnaissance operations and dropping propaganda leaflets over France. In May and June 1940 it fought in the Battle of Belgium and Battle of France. In July 1940, the force took part in the Battle of Britain and The Blitz. In June 1941 it supported Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. Elements of the bomber wing remained on the Eastern Front for the duration of the conflict. KG 1 also served intermittently in the Italian Campaign from March–August 1943. All KG 1 Gruppen ceased to exist by September 1944 and were merged with other Luftwaffe units before the German capitulation in May 1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER GRENADIER SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #441 (Sale Order 537 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN M44 PATTERN PANZER GRENADIER EM'S SHOULDER STRAPS. Third and final pattern, (Circa September 1944-May 1945), slip on shoulder straps in brown tinted, field-gray 44 wool/rayon blend material with light green rayon waffenfarbe piping. Tongues complete. Near Mint. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben, (Branch of Service Color), utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-gray wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. The third pattern shoulder straps remained basically the same as the second pattern shoulder straps but were of generally poorer construction using the newly introduced gray/brown fabric that was designated, field-gray 44 and the waffenfarben was visible on the bottoms. The different branches of service within the German army were allocated a specific, identifying, waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with grass green being chosen for Panzer Grenadier, (Armored Infantry), personnel in July 1942, which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps.

WWII LUFTWAFFE MILITARY POLICE SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #442 (Sale Order 538 of 952)

Luftwaffe blue/gray wool construction, slip on shoulder straps with bright, silver/aluminum, waffle pattern, NCO’s tress to all outside edges, bright orange rayon waffenfarbe and a single, stamped alloy rank pip to each. Complete and in nice condition. When the Reichsluftwaffe, (National Air {Weapon} Force), was officially established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its clandestine, civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports Association). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe, (Air {Weapon} Force). The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The different branches of service within the Luftwaffe were allocated a specific, identifying, waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with bright orange being chosen for personnel serving with the Military Police units which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps. Originally NCO ranks wore a bright, silver/aluminum tress on the forward collar edge of the dress and service tunics, on the tropical and continental field blouses, as adornment on the shoulder straps and dress tunic cuffs and also as sleeve rank chevrons. On September 1ST 1942, the Luftwaffe, following the army’s lead, introduced a new subdued, matte, blue/grey rayon tress for wear on the field uniform. Although the new subdued tress was intended to replace the highly visible, bright, silver/aluminum tress it continued in usage until the end of the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PIONEER SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #443 (Sale Order 539 of 952)

Early, (Circa November 1938-May 1940), second pattern, gray/green badge cloth construction, slip on shoulder straps with diamond patterned, NCO’s tress to all but the sew on ends and black wool waffenfarbe piping. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben, (Branch of Service), piping, utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-grey wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. The different branches of service within the German army were allocated a particular identifying waffenfarbe, (branch of service), color which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps with black being chosen for Engineer troops. Originally NCO ranks wore a bright silver/aluminum tress on the forward collar edge of the dress and service tunics, on the tropical and continental field blouses, as adornment on the shoulder straps and dress tunic cuffs and also as sleeve rank chevrons. On April 25TH 1940 a new subdued tress of matte blue/grey rayon was introduced for wear on the field uniform and a subdued golden tan rayon tress was introduced for wear on the tropical uniform. Although these new subdued tress’s were intended to replace the highly visible bright silver/aluminum tress it continued in usage until the end of the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CAVALRY SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #444 (Sale Order 540 of 952)

Later, second pattern, (circa May 1940), field-gray wool construction, slip on shoulder boards with sun yellow rayon waffenfarbe and bright silver/aluminum, diamond pattern, NCO’s tress. indicating Cavalry troops. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-grey wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NCO CAVALRY SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #445 (Sale Order 541 of 952)

Third and final pattern, (Circa September 1944-May 1945), slip on shoulder straps in green tinted, field-Gray wool/rayon blend material with yellow rayon waffenfarbe and NCO’s tress to all outside edges. Both of the slip on retaining tongues are field-gray 44 wool/rayon material and both the bottoms of the straps and the tongues have a central, gray rayon reinforcement strip, machine stitched in place. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben, (Branch of Service Color), utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-gray wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. The third pattern shoulder straps remained basically the same as the second pattern shoulder straps but were of generally poorer construction using the newly introduced gray/brown fabric that was designated, field-gray 44 and the waffenfarben was visible on the bottoms.

WW2 NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE FLAK NCO SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #446 (Sale Order 542 of 952)

Slightly mottled, Luftwaffe blue/gray wool construction, slip on shoulder straps with bright, silver/aluminum, waffle patterned, NCO’s tress to all but slip on ends and bright red rayon waffenfarbe piping. The bottoms of the straps and one of the slip on retaining tongues are in the same mottled, Luftwaffe blue/gray wool while the other slip on retaining tongue is in a blue/gray felt. Both of the retaining tongues have a black cotton reinforcement panel machine stitched to the reverse. The shoulder straps are in overall very good condition with minimal age toning and a couple of small moth nips to the bottoms. MINT When the Reichsluftwaffe, was officially established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The different branches of service within the Luftwaffe were allocated a particular identifying waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with bright red being chosen for personnel serving with the Flugzeugabwehrartillerie, (Anti-Aircraft Artillery), units which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps. Originally NCO ranks wore a bright silver/aluminum tress on the forward collar edge of the dress and service tunics, on the tropical and continental field blouses, as adornment on the shoulder straps and dress tunic cuffs and also as sleeve rank chevrons. On September 1ST 1942, the Luftwaffe following the army’s lead, introduced a new subdued matte blue/gray rayon tress for wear on the field uniform. Although the new subdued tress was intended to replace the highly visible bright silver/aluminum tress it continued in usage until the end of the war.

WWII NAZI HERMANN GÖRING PANZER SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #447 (Sale Order 543 of 952)

Black wool/rayon blend construction, slip on shoulder straps with waffle patterned NCO’s tress and white wool waffenfarbe piping. Superb examples and super hard to find with minor mothing to the bottom tongues. Excellent. When the Reichsluftwaffe, was official established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The Regiment General Göring was formed in September 1935 from the previous Landes Polizei Gruppe General Göring, and became the premier unit of the fledgling Luftwaffe. On March 12TH 1936 the unit exchange their Police uniforms for Luftwaffe uniforms, and it was at this time that personnel were issued the distinctive white collar tabs and white branch of service piping on the shoulder straps. Regulations of January 4TH 1943 introduced additional branch of service colors for personnel of the Hermann Göring units and further regulations of April 2ND 1943 abolished the white piping on the shoulder straps and replaced it with the appropriate branch of service color. The Regiment General Göring went through assorted upgrades and enlargements until October 1942 when it was designated Division Hermann Göring. Personnel serving in the armored units of the Regiment General Göring and later the Hermann Göring Division, etc, were outfitted with the black panzer wrap tunic along with the appropriate colored insignia including shoulder straps.

WW2 LUFTWAFFE FIELD DIVISION SHOULDER STRAPS

Lot #448 (Sale Order 544 of 952)

Luftwaffe blue/gray wool construction, slip on shoulder straps with bright silver/aluminum waffle patterned NCO’s tress to all outside edges and dark green rayon waffenfarbe. Excellent. The divisions were originally authorized in October 1942, following suggestions that the German Army could be bolstered by transferring personnel from other services. The head of the Luftwaffe, Hermann Göring, formulated an alternative plan to raise his own infantry formations under the command of Luftwaffe officers; this was at least partly due to political differences with the Heer. Göring took great pride in the degree of political commitment and indoctrination of the air force men (he went as far as to describe the air-force paratroopers as "political soldiers") while the Army was considered (by Nazi standards) too "conservative" (linked to traditions and ideals harking back to the Imperial days of the Kaiser). The plan was approved, and the divisions were raised from 200,000–250,000 Luftwaffe ground, support and other excess personnel. They were initially organized with two Jäger regiments of three battalions each, along with an artillery battalion and other support units, but were substantially smaller than equivalent Heer divisions, and by Göring's personal order were intended to be restricted to defensive duties in quieter sectors. Most of the units spent much of their existence on the Eastern Front: Luftwaffe Field Divisions were present at actions such as the "Little Stalingrad of the North", the attempt to relieve Velikiye Luki; the attempted defense of Vitebsk during Operation Bagration, and the fighting in the Courland Pocket, though they also fought in other theatres. The Luftwaffe Field Divisions initially remained under Luftwaffe command, but late in 1943 those that had not already been disbanded were handed over to the Heer and were reorganized as standard infantry divisions with three two-battalion rifle regiments (retaining their numbering, but with Luftwaffe attached to distinguish them from similarly numbered divisions already existing in the Heer) and Army officers. Until taken over by the Heer (and in many cases for some time afterwards) these units were issued with standard Luftwaffe feldblau uniforms, and being so easily identifiable were said to often be singled out by opposite forces. Their reputation as combat troops was poor, despite the high standard of Luftwaffe recruits, at least in part from being required to perform roles (ground warfare) for which they as airmen had little training. They were frequently used for rear echelon duties to free up front line troops. When the Reichsluftwaffe, was official established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer.

WWII LUFTWAFFE Hermann Göring SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #449 (Sale Order 545 of 952)

Luftwaffe blue/gray wool construction slip on shoulder straps with white wool waffenfarbe. MINT The Regiment General Göring was formed in September 1935 from the previous Landes Polizei Gruppe General Göring and became the premier unit of the fledgling Luftwaffe. On March 12TH 1936 the unit exchange their Police uniforms for Luftwaffe uniforms, and it was at this time that personnel were issued the distinctive white collar tabs and white branch of service piping on the shoulder straps. Regulations of January 4TH 1943 introduced additional branch of service colors for personnel of the Hermann Göring units and further regulations of April 2ND 1943 abolished the white piping on the shoulder straps and replaced it with the appropriate branch of service color. The Regiment General Göring went through assorted upgrades and enlargements until October 1942 when it was designated Division Hermann Göring.

WWII LUFTWAFFE SIGNALS TROPICAL SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #450 (Sale Order 546 of 952)

Light weight, tan cotton construction, slip on shoulder straps with light brown rayon waffenfarbe. The slip on retaining tongues are also constructed in the same light weight tan cotton. The shoulder straps indicate the enlisted ranks of Funker, Gefreiter, Obergefreiter and Hauptgefreiter/Stabsgefreiter. When the Reichsluftwaffe, was official established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. In late 1940, with the impending German entrance into the North African campaign, tropical uniforms and equipment were quickly developed and issued in time for DAK, Deutsches Afrika Korps, (German Africa Corps), personnel’s arrival in Tripoli in February 1941. Along with the new tropical uniforms new corresponding insignia, including shoulder straps were also introduced. The tropical shoulder straps were basically the same as the continental shoulder straps but were constructed in an tan colored material.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE FLIGHT SHOULDER BOARDS

Lot #451 (Sale Order 547 of 952)

Beautiful matched. pair of WWII Luftwaffe flight straps. Luftwaffe blue/gray wool construction, slip on shoulder straps with bright golden yellow rayon waffenfarbe piping. Condition is excellent. When the Reichsluftwaffe, was officially established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The different branches of service within the Luftwaffe were allocated a specific identifying waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with golden yellow being chosen for personnel serving with Flieger, (Flight) , units which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps. Of Note: Enlisted flight personnel’s shoulder straps indicate the ranks of, Flieger, Gefreiter, Obergefreiter and Hauptgefreiter/Stabsgefreiter inclusively.

WWII NAZI PIONEER LUFTWAFFE SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #452 (Sale Order 548 of 952)

Luftwaffe blue/grey wool construction, sew on shoulder straps with black wool waffenfarbe piping. When the Reichsluftwaffe, was officially established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Armed Forces it adopted the shoulder board/strap rank insignia that had been utilized by its civilian forerunner the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The shoulder boards/straps remained in use through-out the war with minor modifications. Of Note: On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. The shoulder straps were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The different branches of service within the Luftwaffe were allocated a particular identifying waffenfarbe color with black being chosen for personnel on the permanent staff of the RLM, Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Air Ministry), and Baueinheiten, (Construction), units. Of Note: RLM personnel discontinued use of the black waffenfarbe on June 30TH 1939, and regulations of December 22ND 1939 allocated the black waffenfarbe to construction unit personnel. Also Of Note: Enlisted RLM and construction personnel’s shoulder straps indicated the ranks of Flieger, Gefreiter, Obergefreiter and Hauptgefreiter/Stabsgefreiter inclusively.

WWII NAZI WEHRMACHT ARTILLERY SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #453 (Sale Order 549 of 952)

Third and final pattern, (Circa September 1944-May 1945), slip on shoulder straps in reworked, green tinted, field-gray wool/rayon blend material with red rayon waffenfarbe piping to each. Both of the slip on retaining tongues are in the brown tinted, field-gray 44 wool/rayon material and both the bottoms of the straps and the tongues have a central, gray rayon reinforcement strip, machine stitched in place. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben, (Branch of Service Color), utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-gray wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. The third pattern shoulder straps remained basically the same as the second pattern shoulder straps but were of generally poorer construction using the newly introduced gray/brown fabric that was designated, field-gray 44 and the waffenfarben was visible on the bottoms.

WWII NAZI WEHRMACHT PIONEER SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #454 (Sale Order 550 of 952)

Early, second pattern, (circa Nov 1938- May 1940), blue/green badge cloth construction, sew on shoulder straps with black wool waffenfarbe and chain stitched 54 numerals. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-grey wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. Of Note: Enlisted personnel’s shoulder straps signify the ranks of Schütze, Oberschütze, Gefreiter, Obergefreiter and Stabsgefreiter inclusively.

WWII GERMAN DAGGER KNOT LOT OF 6 HEER LUFTWAFFE

Lot #455 (Sale Order 551 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Officer's portepee lot of 6 consists of the main components of, strap, slide, stem, crown, and ball all worked in bright, silver/aluminum wire threads. The interwoven, looped, silver/aluminum strap is roughly, 38cm long and is inserted through the interwoven slide and into the top of the interwoven stem. The slide and stem are both in interwoven, bright, silver/aluminum wire threads with a repeating "V’ pattern. The crown consists of horizontally laid, twisted, silver/aluminum braiding while the ball consists of vertically laid, twisted, silver/aluminum braiding and both are mounted on an internal, carved, wooden base. The bottom of the ball has a circular recess with an inset piece of bright, silver/aluminum fabric. Good to very good. Traditionally German Army Officers had worn a saber as part of the uniform dress and this tradition was carried on through the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the Third Reich. In an attempt to build morale and curry favour within the Army, Hitler introduced the dress dagger for optional wear with the walking out dress, and retained the saber for wear on more formal occasions. The dress dagger was designed by Berlin graphic artist Paul Casberg and was officially approved for wear on May 4TH 1935 along with specifically styled dagger hangers and a new pattern portepee. The edged weapon portepees were originally introduced in the Prussian army in 1808, and continued to be worn with the Dress uniform, as a tradition and identifying item through WWI, the Weimar era and on into the Third Reich, with minor modifications. Originally designed as a functional item to secure the blade sidearm to the holder’s wrist the portepee evolved into a purely decorative accessory. The Third Reich era Officer’s dagger portepee was introduced along with the Officer’s dagger on May 4TH 1935 and was intended for wear by all Officers and Senior NCO’s with permission to wear the dagger. Of Note: Production of the dress dagger was to be discontinued as per regulations of May 27TH 1943 and further wear of the dress dagger and portepee was prohibited by order of September 5TH 1944. Additional regulations of December 23RD 1944 indicated that officer ranks were to wear a pistol in place of the dress dagger.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2

Lot #457 (Sale Order 552 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German lot of two Iron Crosses to include 1) 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Suspension ring marked ‘MEH’ for an unknown maker. The cross comes complete with a piece of ribbed rayon ribbon. Nice CLEAN example! 2) 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Marked 800 plue two initals. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. The Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI.

WWII NAZI GERMAN EKII INFANTRY ASSUALT BADGE LOT

Lot #458 (Sale Order 553 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of two combat medals to include 1) Second Class Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Ring marked 800. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 2) Infantry Assault Badge. Die struck, solid backed, alloy award with an olive/bronze wash. Badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to top, encompassing a rifle with fixed bayonet and sling. Badge shows nice detailing. Reverse with crimped soldered hinge, thin round vertical pin and soldered catch all intact. Reverse is also well marked with embossed manufacturer's initials, "FLL", with each initial having an embossed circular border. Manufacturer's initials indicate manufacture by C. F. Zimmerman of Pforzheim.

WWII NAZI GERMAN EKII INFANTRY ASSUALT BADGE LOT

Lot #459 (Sale Order 554 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of two combat medals to include 1) Second Class Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 2) Silver Infantry Assault Badge. Die struck, solid backed, alloy award with an olive/bronze wash. Badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to top, encompassing a rifle with fixed bayonet and sling. Badge shows nice detailing. Reverse with crimped soldered hinge, thin round vertical pin and soldered catch all intact. Reverse is also not maker marked.

WWII NAZI GERMAN EKII INFANTRY ASSUALT BADGE LOT

Lot #461 (Sale Order 555 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of two combat medals to include 1) Second Class Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 2) Silver Infantry Assault Badge. Die struck, solid backed, alloy award with an olive/bronze wash. Badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to top, encompassing a rifle with fixed bayonet and sling. Badge shows nice detailing. Reverse with crimped soldered hinge, thin round vertical pin and soldered catch all intact. Reverse is also not maker marked.

4 WWII NAZI GERMAN CELLULOID FUNERAL CANDLE CUPS

Lot #461a (Sale Order 556 of 952)

4 WWII NAZI GERMAN CELLULOID FUNERAL CANDLE HOLDER CUPS. Red NSDAP swastika with paper bottoms. Show age. Very good.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS LOT EKI EKII WW2

Lot #462 (Sale Order 557 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of two combat medals to include 1) Second Class Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 2) First Class Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad, tapering vertical pin and original catch all intact. The pin is well marked with the stamped manufacturer’s numerical code, "1", indicating manufacture by deschler & Sohn. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class.

WWII NAZI LUFTSCHUTZ BEADED M38 GLADIATOR HELMET

Lot #462a (Sale Order 558 of 952)

The three piece, stamped, sheet steel construction Luftschutz M38 "Gladiator" style helmet retains a most of its original, smooth, dark satin blue paint. The front center of the helmet has a Luftschutz emblem decal. The black detailed, silver decal features stylized spread wings with a central oak-leaf sprig and a canted swastika positioned below a scripted banner, "Luftschutz". The helmet has two groups of seven "salt & pepper" ventilation holes to either side of the crown. All three of the small, flat headed, liner retaining rivets are intact. The helmet has an embossed, horizontal, beaded rim between the crown and the visor/neck guard. The visor/neck guard has a semi-circular "ear" cut-out and a brazed vertical seam to either side. Complete original liner and chinstrap. Size marked 60. Nice helmet. Formed in late 1932 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband, (German Air Protection League), was a voluntary organization designed to provide civil air raid protection in large civilian centers. Shortly after Hitler ascension to power the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was restructured and placed under the supervision of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Air Ministry), under the control of Hermann Göring. On April 29TH 1933 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was renamed RLB, Reichs Luftschutz Bund, (National Air Raid Protection League) and was given status as an official national organization tasked with all aspects of civil air raid defence. The RLB remained a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid, full-time, uniformed officials to oversee the organizations functions until June 1935 when obligatory service was introduced. Only the most basic uniform and equipment items were supplied to the cadre personnel, with the rest having to be bought personally by members. On September 26TH 1938 a specific helmet for RLB personnel was introduced that incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. These helmets commonly called the "Gladiator" style were supplemented with M35, M40 and M42 helmets that also incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. The Luftschutz also utilized a variety of captured helmets.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SERVICE COMABT AWARDS LOT OF 6

Lot #463 (Sale Order 559 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of six combat medals to include 1) FOUR YEAR LONG SERVICE MEDAL. Silver washed, die struck, sheet metal construction, fourth class award for four years service, features an embossed Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by Gothic script, "Treue Dienste in der Wehrmacht" (Loyal Service in the Armed Forces), on a smooth background field to the obverse. The reverse has a large embossed numeral, "4" to the center encompassed by an embossed, circular, oak-leaf wreath. Comes with the original cornflower blue ribbon 2) COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL OF 1ST OCTOBER 1938. Roughly, 32mm diameter, bronze washed, die struck alloy construction medal features two embossed figures symbolically breaking the chains of bondage with an unfurled national flag in the background and a high relief national eagle to the bottom of the obverse. The reverse features embossed Latin script to the center,"1 Oktober 1938", encompassed by additional script, "Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer". (One People, One State, One Leader). The ribbon suspension ring and medal loop are both intact and the award comes complete with original ribbed, rayon ribbon and pinback. 3) COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL OF 1ST OCTOBER 1938. 32mm diameter, bronze washed, die struck alloy construction medal features two embossed figures symbolically breaking the chains of bondage with an unfurled national flag in the background and a high relief national eagle to the bottom of the obverse. The reverse features embossed Latin script to the center,"1 Oktober 1938", encompassed by additional script, "Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer". (One People, One State, One Leader). The ribbon suspension ring and medal loop are both intact. Comes with original silk ribbon. 4) WEST WALL MEDAL. Die struck, tombac construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a roughly, 41mm tall, 32mm wide, vertical oval with embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Included is an original piece of rayon ribbon. 5) RUSSIAN FRONT MEDAL 1941/42. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 6) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1939. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SERVICE COMABT AWARDS LOT OF 6

Lot #464 (Sale Order 560 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of six combat medals to include 1) DRL SPORTS BADGE, BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 35269" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "Wernstein Jena" is to the right. 2) COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL OF 1ST OCTOBER 1938. Roughly, 32mm diameter, bronze washed, die struck alloy construction medal features two embossed figures symbolically breaking the chains of bondage with an unfurled national flag in the background and a high relief national eagle to the bottom of the obverse. The reverse features embossed Latin script to the center,"1 Oktober 1938", encompassed by additional script, "Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer". (One People, One State, One Leader). The ribbon suspension ring and silver finish. The badge details are excellent with only minor visible wear. The solid reverse features a needle pin, which rotates on a crimped buntmetall ball hinge. The round wire catch is also crimped into a recess on the badge. The reverse of the badge is well marked with the embossed, stylized, overlapping manufacturer’s initials within a triangular border, "AS", indicating manufacture by Adolf Scholze of Grünwald a.d. N. 3) INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE IN SILVER. A Silver Infanterie-Sturmabzeichen by Adolf Scholze! It is constructed out of a die struck, zinc-alloy base that has been silver washed. The oval shaped obverse depicts a rifle and bayonet below a Heer closed winged eagle clutching a mobile swastika within its talons. This is all surrounded by an acorn and oak leaf wreath that is tied together at the bottom. The semi-hollow reverse is maker marked reading "A.S." (Adolf Scholze, Grünwald a. N.). It also displays a crimped ball hinge, crimped flat catch and sturdy round wire pin. They all remain in well working condition and are non-magnetic. The hinge has broken off and was super glued back on. The details and bronze wash continue to display wonderfully! It measures approximately 2 7/16 inches tall by 1 7/8 inches wide. 4) WEST WALL MEDAL. Die struck, tombac construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a roughly, 41mm tall, 32mm wide, vertical oval with embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Included is an original piece of rayon ribbon. 5) RUSSIAN FRONT MEDAL 1941/42. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 6) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1939. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SERVICE COMABT AWARDS LOT OF 6

Lot #465 (Sale Order 561 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of six combat medals to include 1) DRL SPORTS BADGE, BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 35269" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "Wernstein Jena" is to the right. 2) SA SPORTS BADGE IN BRONZE. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal, badge with a bronze wash. The badge is in the form of a circular oak-leaf wreath encompassing an upward pointing Roman broad sword which is superimposed on a central, canted swastika. Detailing includes veins to the oak-leaves, horizontal ribbing to the sword grip and cut-outs to the interior of the circular wreath and swastika arms. Reverse is a mirror image of obverse. Raised soldered catch, semi-rounded vertical pin and soldered catch all intact to reverse. Reverse is well marked with embossed, third pattern inscription, (circa 1939-44), "Eigentum der Obersten S.A. Führung", (Property of the SA Supreme Command). Reverse also has embossed manufacturers name and location. 3) RAD FOUR YEAR LONG SERVICE MEDAL. A die struck alloy award with a bronze wash, in the form of a 40mm tall vertical oval, with a loop to its top, through which passes the suspension ring for its cornflower blue ribbon. The raised edges of the oval, obverse and reverse, are in imitation of an oak leaf wreath. Against the plain background field of the obverse is embossed the RAD logo of an upright spade head, with a mobile swastika to it, and sprigs of barley extending from either side of its base. Against the plain field of the reverse is the embossed, Gothic script, "Für treue Dienste im Reichs-Arbeits-dienst" (For loyal Service in-the National-labor-service). Complete with its original ribbed rayon ribbon. 4) WEST WALL MEDAL. Die struck, tombac construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a roughly, 41mm tall, 32mm wide, vertical oval with embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Included is an original piece of rayon ribbon. 5) RUSSIAN FRONT MEDAL 1941/42. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 6) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1939. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN 1ST CLASS IRON CROSS WWI

Lot #466 (Sale Order 562 of 952)

IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS, 1914. 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. Marked "800" for silver content. The order of the Iron Cross was founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, after the "Freidenskrieg," or war of liberation from Napoleon, in 1813. It was to be an award for gallantry conferred only in time of war, and open to all soldiers, regardless of rank or social status. The Iron Cross was re-instituted at the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the First World War in 1914, and the Second World War in 1939. In each of the three latter cases, the specific re-institution date may be seen to the lower obverse arm.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN SCREW BACK IRON CROSS WWI

Lot #467 (Sale Order 563 of 952)

SCREW BACK IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS, 1914. 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original two piece screw back device. Excellent The order of the Iron Cross was founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, after the "Freidenskrieg," or war of liberation from Napoleon, in 1813. It was to be an award for gallantry conferred only in time of war, and open to all soldiers, regardless of rank or social status. The Iron Cross was re-instituted at the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the First World War in 1914, and the Second World War in 1939. In each of the three latter cases, the specific re-institution date may be seen to the lower obverse arm.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAR MERITS CROSS W/ SWORDS LOT 2

Lot #468 (Sale Order 564 of 952)

WAR MERIT CROSS 1ST CLASS 1939, WITH SWORDS LOT OF 2 to include 1) Die struck, zinc construction bravery award with a silver wash is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leaf wreath to the obverse. The swords, indicating bravery, emanated upwards between the arms of the cross. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is smooth while the arms of the cross have a pebbled background field with raised, smooth, outer edges. The plain reverse of the award has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad, tapered vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse of the award is well marked with the faint, impressed manufacturer’s code, "4", indicating manufacture by Steinhauer & Lück, Lüdenscheid. 2) Die struck, alloy construction bravery award with a silver wash is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leaf wreath to the obverse. The swords, indicating bravery, emanated upwards between the arms of the cross. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is smooth while the arms of the cross have a pebbled background field with raised, smooth, outer edges. The plain reverse of the award has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad, tapered vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse of the award is well marked with the faint, impressed manufacturer’s code "5", indicating manufacture by Hermann Wernstein.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAR MERITS CROSS W/ SWORDS LOT 2

Lot #469 (Sale Order 565 of 952)

WAR MERIT CROSS 1ST CLASS 1939, WITH SWORDS LOT OF 2 to include 1) Die struck, tombac construction bravery award with a silver wash is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leaf wreath to the obverse. The swords, indicating bravery, emanated upwards between the arms of the cross. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is not maker marked. 2) Die struck, alloy construction bravery award with a silver wash is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leaf wreath to the obverse. The swords, indicating bravery, emanated upwards between the arms of the cross. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is smooth while the arms of the cross have a pebbled background field with raised, smooth, outer edges. The plain reverse of the award has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad, tapered vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse of the award is well marked with the faint, impressed manufacturer’s code "L/52", indicating manufacture by C. F. Zimmerman of Pforzheim.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SOCIAL WELFARE MEDAL LOT OF 2

Lot #470 (Sale Order 566 of 952)

SOCIAL WELFARE MEDAL LOT OF TWO. 1) Fourth class, die struck alloy award. The roughly 38mm diameter, circular award features the embossed Social Welfare emblem of a Greek style cross with slightly textured arms with a stylized national eagle with down-swept wings superimposed to the center of the obverse on a plain field background. The reverse of the award features embossed Gothic script on a plain background field, "Medaille für Deutsche Volkspflege", (Medal for German Social Welfare). The medal ring and ribbon suspension ring are complete with original ribbon. 2) Fourth class, die struck alloy award. The roughly 38mm diameter, circular award features the embossed Social Welfare emblem of a Greek style cross with slightly textured arms with a stylized national eagle with down-swept wings superimposed to the center of the obverse on a plain field background. The reverse of the award features embossed Gothic script on a plain background field, "Medaille für Deutsche Volkspflege", (Medal for German Social Welfare). The medal ring and ribbon suspension ring are complete with original ribbon. On May 1ST 1939, Hitler introduced a series of four Social Welfare awards to replace the earlier DRK, Deutsche Rote Kreuz, (German Red Cross) awards. The earlier DRK awards only recognized loyal service in the DRK while the new Social Welfare awards recognized a wider scope of social welfare service. The new Social Welfare awards could be bestowed to all personnel who actively participated in Social Welfare assistance programs including the DRK, the WHW, Winterhilf Werk, (Winter Relief Program), personnel involved with the care of the sick and wounded, live saving services, excluding Fire and Police personnel and care of German nationals in foreign countries. In December 1939 amendments of the introductory order decreed that the bestowal of the Social Welfare awards to military personnel follow a specific rank level structure with the first class award reserved for General ranks, the second class award for the ranks of Oberst and Oberstleutnant, the third class award for the ranks of Major and Hauptmann and the fourth class for award to the ranks of Leutnant or below. Further amendments of January 30TH 1942 introduced crossed swords cypher for the third and fourth class awards for distinguished service or bravery in wartime. Of Note: After the introduction of the Social Welfare awards personnel who had previously been bestowed a DRK award retained the right to wear it or replace it for a Social Welfare award of the same grade.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WEHRMACHT BELT & BELT BUCKLE. JFS

Lot #471 (Sale Order 567 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Wehrmacht 1940 pattern stamped steel construction, combat box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht eagle with down swept wings to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse. The reverse has the brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Impressed manufacturers initials JFS indicating the maker indicating manufacture by Josef Feix Söhne of Gablonz. Comes with a late War, complete 90cm leather EM/NCO belt. On January 24TH 1936 a new pattern EM/NCO’s belt buckle was officially introduced to replace the previously worn Weimar era Reichsheer buckle. The basic design of the Reichsheer buckle was retained with the addition of the new Wehrmacht style national eagle. This pattern buckle was worn through-out the Third Reich period with minor manufacturing variations.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MOTHERS CROSS LOT OF THREE WW2

Lot #472 (Sale Order 568 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN MOTHER'S CROSS LOT OF THREE INCLUDING 1) A second pattern, two piece, die stamped tombak award with a fire gilted finish and blue and white enamel work. The award is in the form of a Christian cross in blue enamel with a white enamel border, both outlined in gold. Between each arm of the cross are five-ray projections in gold. The central circular field has a white enamel base upon which is a black static swastika, outlined in gold, and encompassed by a gold surround with the embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter" (The German Mother). The reverse has the stamped simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938," and a facsimile of Hitler’s signature. It comes with it original ribbed rayon blue and white striped ribbon. 2) A second pattern, two piece, die stamped tombak award with a silver finish and blue and white enamel work. The award is in the form of a Christian cross in blue enamel with a white enamel border, both outlined in silver. Between each arm of the cross are five-ray projections in silver. The central circular field has a white enamel base upon which is a black static swastika, outlined in silver, and encompassed by a silver surround with the embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter" (The German Mother). The reverse has the stamped simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938," and a facsimile of Hitler’s signature. It comes with it original ribbed rayon blue and white striped ribbon. 3) A second pattern, two piece, die stamped tombak award with a silver finish and blue and white enamel work. The award is in the form of a Christian cross in blue enamel with a white enamel border, both outlined in silver. Between each arm of the cross are five-ray projections in silver. The central circular field has a white enamel base upon which is a black static swastika, outlined in silver, and encompassed by a silver surround with the embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter" (The German Mother). The reverse has the stamped simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938," and a facsimile of Hitler’s signature. It comes with it original ribbed rayon blue and white striped ribbon. Introduced by Hitler on December 16TH 1938 as part of a large propaganda campaign aimed at increasing the birth rate. The award was officially designated, Honor Cross of the German Mother, and was instituted in three grades to recognize and reward child bearing German females. The three grades consisted of the bronze cross for bearing four or five children, the silver cross for bearing six or seven children and the gold cross for bearing eight or more children. Criteria for the award included that the parents be of pure German blood, and that the mother was worthy of such an honor. On its introduction the cross had the impressed inscription to reverse, "Das kind adelt die Mutter", (The child ennobles the mother), but this was inexplicably changed sometime in 1939. Bestowal of the cross was accompanied by an award certificate, a cash incentive for each child born and a miniature cross for everyday wear, with the actual cross being reserved for formal or ceremonial occasions. Members of all youth organizations were required to salute wearers of the Mother’s Cross.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA & MEDAL LOT HJ DRL WW2

Lot #473 (Sale Order 569 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) HJ PROFICIENCY BADGE IN BRONZE. Die-struck alloy award is in the form of a Tyr-rune with a circle superimposed to it, upon which is embossed, in runic script, "Für Leistungen In Der H.J." (For Proficiency In The H.J.), encompassing a mobile swastika. Marked with an RZM logo with dual circular borders and embossed manufacturers code, "M1/101" indicating manufacture by Gustav Brehmer of Markneukirchen. The pin-back device is intact. 2) HJ JUGENDFEST 1934 BADGE. A 30mm tall, ceramic pin in the form of a vertical oval. To its obverse is the HJ diamond with swastika, with "21.Juni" to its upper red field and "1934" to its lower red field. A pin-back device is to the reverse, as is the impressed number "3." Of Note: Some references cite this as the sports award pin for that year. 3) 1937 GERMAN YOUTH HOSTEL DONATION BADGE. A 25mm x 25mm, stamped metal badge. The badge takes the form of an eagle with a house outline to its breast, to the triangular second floor of which is embossed "D," "J" and "H," and "1937" separated by the Hitler Youth diamond and swastika is to the first floor. To its unmarked reverse is a vertical pin-back device. 4) 1938 HJ YOUTH FESTIVAL SPORTS EVENT BADGE. Solid cast aluminum badge, roughly in the form of a vertical oval, comprised of the Hitler Youth diamond with a mobile swastika to its center, surmounted by an eagle, with a spray of oak leaves to either side and "1939" scrolled beneath. A vertical pin-back device is to the reverse, as is the embossed maker’s name. 5) WAR MERIT MEDALS. Three die struck bronze alloy award with an embossed likeness of the War Merit Cross without swords to the obverse, in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika, encircled by a nicely detailed oak-leaf wreath. The arms of the cross have a slightly pebbled field while the background of the award is smooth with a fine raised lip to the outside edge. The reverse of the award has embossed Gothic script, "Für Kriegs-verdienst 1939", (For War Merit 1939), on a smooth background field. 6) DRL SPORTS BADGE IN BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Reverse has embossed manufacturers mark, "Wernstein Jena", and "D.R.G.M. 35269", for Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design, 35269). Complete soldered solid hinge, flat vertical retaining pin and standard soldered catch assembly all intact. Complete pin and catch assembly. 7) WEST WALL MEDAL.. Die struck, tombac construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a roughly, 41mm tall, 32mm wide, vertical oval with embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Included is an original piece of rayon ribbon.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 6 MEDAL & AWARD LOT OF MEDALS WW2

Lot #474 (Sale Order 570 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) WAR MERIT CROSS 1ST CLASS WITHOUT SWORDS. Nice quality, die struck, alloy construction, nickel/silver plated, award is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leaf wreath to the obverse. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is smooth while the arms of the cross have a pebbled background field with raised, smooth, outer edges. The nickel/silver plated finish appears to be retained about 80% with light age tarnish. The plain, reverse has a small, soldered, solid type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse of the pin is well marked with the embossed, manufacturer’s numerical code within a square recess "50", indicating manufacture by Karl Gschiermeister of Wien. 2) SA SPORTS BADGE IN BRONZE. Die struck alloy badge with a bronze finish. The badge is in the form of a circular oak-leaf wreath encompassing an upward pointing Roman broad sword which is superimposed on a central, canted swastika. Detailing includes veins to the oak-leaves, horizontal ribbing to the sword grip and cut-outs to the interior of the circular wreath and swastika arms. Reverse is a mirror image of obverse. Raised soldered catch, semi-rounded vertical pin and soldered catch all intact to reverse. This example has the first pattern inscription (1934-35) "Eigentum D. Chefs D. Ausbildungswesens" (Property of-the Head of Physical-conditioning) embossed to its reverse. Maker marked "REDO". Its complete flat pin, soldered hinge and catch assembly are intact. One of the harder examples to find. 3) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1939. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact. 4) DRL SPORTS BADGE IN BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Reverse has embossed manufacturers mark, "Wernstein Jena", and "D.R.G.M. 35269", for Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design, 35269). Complete soldered solid hinge, flat vertical retaining pin and standard soldered catch assembly all intact. Complete pin and catch assembly. 5) WEST WALL MEDAL. Die struck, tombac construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a roughly, 41mm tall, 32mm wide, vertical oval with embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Included is an original piece of rayon ribbon. 6) RUSSIAN FRONT MEDAL 1941/42. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon and a two place medal rosette.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 7 MEDAL & AWARD LOT OF MEDALS WW2

Lot #475 (Sale Order 571 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) WEST WALL MEDAL AND ENVELOPE. Die struck, bronze alloy construction medal with a bronze wash is in the form of a vertical oval with an embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging encompassing a smooth field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in its talons, positioned above a crossed spade and sword which are in turn positioned above a pillbox to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath edging which encompasses embossed, Latin script, "Für Arbeit zum Schutze Deutschlands", (For Work on the Defenses of Germany), on a smooth background field. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact but the ribbon is absent. The medal has no visible manufacturer’s markings. Comes complete with a light weight, natural tan cardstock, issue envelope with black printed Gothic script in three lines to the obverse, "Deutsches Schutzwall-Ehrenzeichen", (German Defense Wall Honor Award). Top edge of the envelope has a fold over, triangular flap which inserts into a horizontal slash on the envelops reverse for secure closure. 2) DRL SPORTS BADGE, BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 35269" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "PETZ & LORENZ U. REICHENBACH WITTBG." is to the right. 3) D.V.G. WESTMARK" LAPEL PIN. A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and enameled badge featuring a black outer border, edged in silver, with the silver script, "D.V.G. Westmark (Lothr.)" encompassing a white field with a red mobile swastika, also edged in silver. A pebbled field is visible below the translucent red enamel. Complete pin. Maker marked to "W. REDO". 4) NSDAP MEMBERSHIP BADGE "M1/120". A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and painted NSDAP member’s badge. The badge features a red outer border, edged in silver, with the script, "National-Sozialistische-D.A.P.," encompassing a white field with a black mobile swastika. To the reverse is its original button holes device, above which is embossed the manufacturer’s code, "M1/120" Wilhelm Deumer. 5) CIVIL AIR DEFENSE HONOR DECORATION 2ND CLASS, 1938. Roughly, 38m diameter, early, die struck alloy construction award with a nickel silver finish. The circular award features an embossed oak-leaf wreath to the outside edge encompassing an embossed, canted, swastika on a subtly pebbled field encircled by the embossed, Latin script, "Für Verdienste im Luftschutz", (For Meritorious Service in Air Defense), to the obverse. The reverse also has the embossed, oak-leaf wreath to the outside edge encompassing the embossed, institution date, "1938", also on a subtly pebbled field. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact and come complete with a roughly, 31mm wide, 18cm long, piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Probably the nicest examples of one of these I have ever had. 6) DRL SPORTS BADGE, BRONZE. A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 35269" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "Wernstein Jena" is to the right. 7) REICHSKOLONIALBUND LAPEL PIN. A 21mm x 14mm, alloy construction lapel pin depicting the insignia of the ‘RKB’. Complete with pin-back device and "Ges.Gesch" marked.

WWII NAZI GERMAN AWARDS MEMBERSHIP BADGES LOT OF 7

Lot #476 (Sale Order 572 of 952)

wWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) RDK MEMBER'S MEMBERSHIP BADGE. Roughly 25mm diameter, die struck alloy badge with multi-colored enamel work. The badge features a black enamel outer border with silvered initials, "RDK", to the top and a canted, silvered swastika flanked by oak-leaves to the bottom. The black outer border encompasses a silvered stylized eagle with down swept wings protecting a group of five chicks, on a semi-translucent red enamel field. Maker marked and embossed script, "Ges. Gesch.", indicating, Gesetzlich Geschützt (Protected by Law). 2) "DEUTSCHES FRAUENWERK" MEMBERSHIP BADGE. The alloy badge takes the form of a 32mm tall inverted triangle with a 30mm wide top edge. It features a black enameled central field upon which is a silver mobile sunwheel swastika above a silver "Leben-rune" (Life-rune). The top silvered edge of the badge is wider than the sides and features the red enameled Gothic script "NS.- Frauenwerk". Well marked with embossed the "RZM" logo, beside which is embossed the manufacturer’s code, "M1/8" Ferdinand Wagner of Pforzheim. Complete with original pin. 3) D.V.G. WESTMARK" LAPEL PIN. A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and enameled badge featuring a black outer border, edged in silver, with the silver script, "D.V.G. Westmark (Lothr.)" encompassing a white field with a red mobile swastika, also edged in silver. A pebbled field is visible below the translucent red enamel. Complete pin. Maker marked to "W. REDO". 4) NSDAP MEMBERSHIP BADGE "M1/120". A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and painted NSDAP member’s badge. The badge features a red outer border, edged in silver, with the script, "National-Sozialistische-D.A.P.," encompassing a white field with a black mobile swastika. To the reverse is its original button holes device, above which is embossed the manufacturer’s code, "M1/120" Wilhelm Deumer. 5) FIRST PATTERN "N.S. FRAUENSCHAFT" (Small) MEMBERSHIP BADGE. A slightly convex, alloy and enamel badge in the form of an inverted triangle, 16mm wide along its top edge and 20mm tall. "N.S. Frauenschaft" is to the white band to the top of the obverse, underneath of which is a white cross against a black background. To the center of the cross is a red, static swastika, and "G" is to its left arm, "H" to its right, and "L" to its base. These Gothic letters signify the Frauenschaft motto, "Glaube, Hoffnung, Liebe" (Faith, Hope, Love). All of the letters, and the edges of the swastika, cross, and the badge itself, are in the same gilt color as its alloy base. Maker marked to RZM 1/72 indicating the maker Fritz Zimmermann of Stuttgart. 6) REICHSKOLONIALBUND LAPEL PIN. A 21mm x 14mm, alloy construction lapel pin depicting the insignia of the ‘RKB’. Complete with pin-back device and "Ges.Gesch" marked. 7) LARGE FRAUENSCHAFT MEMBERSHIP BADGE. The badge features a black and white enameled surface with the longest part of the triangle shape pointing downward. Across the upper portion is the abbreviated name of the organization, “Nat. Soz. Frauenschaft”. There is a white cross running through a black enamel center. In the center of the white cross is a red immobile enamel swastika. On either side of the swastika respectively are the initials “F” and “H”. At the bottom is the letter “S”. The reverse has the usual safety pin and is marked "Gesch Gesch" STEINHAUER & LUCK LUDENSCHEID.

WWII NAZI GERMAN AWARDS MEMBERSHIP BADGES LOT OF 6

Lot #477 (Sale Order 573 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) 1941 DSVB TRIOL-VOVARLBERG STATE SHOOTING ASSOCIATION AWARD. Roughly 25mm diameter, one piece die struck alloy award with a fire gilded finish and colored enamel work. Award features a stylized, red Tyrolean eagle clutching a target with canted gilt swastika. Target is flanked by embossed, date "1941". Original pin back device is intact. 2) "DEUTSCHES FRAUENWERK" MEMBERSHIP BADGE. The alloy badge takes the form of a 32mm tall inverted triangle with a 30mm wide top edge. It features a black enameled central field upon which is a silver mobile sunwheel swastika above a silver "Leben-rune" (Life-rune). The top silvered edge of the badge is wider than the sides and features the red enameled Gothic script "NS.- Frauenwerk". Well marked with embossed the "RZM" logo, beside which is embossed the manufacturer’s code, "M1/12" Gebr. Hahne complete with pin. 3) D.V.G. WESTMARK" LAPEL PIN. A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and enameled badge featuring a black outer border, edged in silver, with the silver script, "D.V.G. Westmark (Lothr.)" encompassing a white field with a red mobile swastika, also edged in silver. A pebbled field is visible below the translucent red enamel. Complete pin. Maker marked to "W. REDO". 4) REICHSKOLONIALBUND LAPEL PIN. A 21mm x 14mm, alloy construction lapel pin depicting the insignia of the ‘RKB’. Complete with pin-back device and "Ges.Gesch" marked. 5) DRK MEMBER'S LAPEL PIN. Die struck alloy lapel pin with a silver wash and black and red enamel work. The pin features a 1938 pattern, black enamel eagle with silver washed accents and down-swept wings with a canted black swastika, on a silver washed diamond base, superimposed on its breast and a Greek style red enamel cross clutched in its talons. The reverse of the pin has embossed script, "GES. GESC"., indicating, Gesetzlich Geschützt, (Protected by Law) and also has the manufacturers initials "E.L.M". Complete with original pinback device. 6) 1933 DEUTSCHE ARBEITSFRONT BADGE. In nickel silver with red enamels, maker marked on reverse, measuring 35 mm x 23 mm; overall near fine condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BADGE & TINNIE LOT OF 10 WW2

Lot #478 (Sale Order 574 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Tinnie lot to include 1) 1938 NATIONAL PARTY DAY COMMEMORATIVE BADGE. (Reichsparteitagabzeichen) A 43mm diameter, cast alloy "tinnie," whose obverse features two nude male figures, one with an unfurled national flag in his left hand, his right hand on the shoulder of the smaller second figure, from whose right wrist dangles a broken chain, all above the national eagle and swastika. "Reichsparteitag" arches along the right edge of the badge, and "1938" arches along its left. A horizontal pin-back device is crimped to the reverse, above which is embossed "Wachtler & Lange Mittwaida" Of Note: The obverse image is a repetition of that found on the three "Anschluss" medals, commemorating the bloodless occupations of Austria, the Sudetenland, and Memel. 2) 1936 NATIONAL LABOR DAY BADGE. As was common at the time any group or organization holding an event would normally produce a badge or lapel pin to commemorative the event. These badges/lapel pins would be worn by participants, or given away or sold to promote the event or raise funds as required. 3) 1938 MAY DAY BADGE. A 35mm diameter, solid struck proto-plastic badge whose obverse depicts a young couple dancing before a "May Pole," from which streamers trail in the wind. An eagle with outstretched wings grasping a wreathed, mobile swastika is to the base. To one side of the eagle is "1 Mai," with "1938" to the other. "RK," no doubt the designer’s initials, may be seen beneath the pig-tailed girl. Complete pin back assembly. Maker marked to ‘Karl Hensler Pforzheim’. 4) 1934 NATIONAL LABOR DAY BADGE. A 35mm diameter, hollow struck, bronzed alloy badge featuring a male bust figure above the national eagle and swastika, with "19" and "34" to either side of the swastika, and a hammer to the left with a sickle to the right. The implements represent farm and industry. "Tag der Arbeit" (Day of Labor) arches along the top. The initials "RK," no doubt the designer’s, may be seen alongside the base of the sickle. A horizontal pin-back device is soldered to its reverse. 5) 1934 SAAR REUNIFICATION BADGE. (Saar Wiedervereinigung Abzeichen) Stamped metal badge with a bronze wash, in the form of a octagon. "Deutsch Ist Die Saar" (German Is The Saar) follows the contours of the badge above an eagle clutching a wreathed, mobile swastika, which is itself above a pair of clasped hands, one with broken shackles on its wrist. A stepped plaque is behind the hands, with "1934" above them, and "Des Deutschen Ehre Ist Die Treue" (The Germans’ Honor Is Their Loyalty) beneath them. "RK," undoubtedly the designer’s initials, may be seen beneath the left hand. A horizontal pin-back device is soldered to its hollow-back reverse. 6) WHW DONATION BADGE. A 28mm diameter, leather construction donation badge for the national winter relief collection drive. The badge depicts a Wolfsangle is complete with pin-back device. 7) ‘EIN VOLK EIN REICH EIN FÜHRER’ BADGE. A 30mm diameter, stamped brass badge with Hitler’s profiled, disembodied head to its center, around which is scrolled "Ein Volk, " "Ein Reich," and "Ein Führer" (One People, One Nation, One Leader) separated by small, mobile swastikas. Complete with original pin-back device. 8) FREDERICK II 150TH ANNIVERSARY BADGE. Roughly 25mm diameter, alloy construction. Image of Frederick II with the date 1786-1936. Complete with original pin back device. 9) 1936 "FRANKFURT-AM-MAIN" HESSEN-NASSAU PROVINCIAL DAY BADGE. A 4.5cm x 3.5cm, stamped alloy badge in silver wash. Text reads, "1936 Rhein Main - Gautag Hessen-Nassau Frankfurt-Am-Main". Complete with pin-back device. 10) D.V.G. WESTMARK" LAPEL PIN. A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and enameled badge featuring a black outer border, edged in silver, with the silver script, "D.V.G. Westmark (Lothr.)" encompassing a white field with a red mobile swastika, also edged in silver. A pebbled field is visible below the translucent red enamel. Complete pin.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BADGE & TINNIE LOT OF 10 WW2

Lot #479 (Sale Order 575 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Tinnie lot to include 1) D.V.G. WESTMARK" LAPEL PIN. A 23mm diameter, die struck alloy and enameled badge featuring a black outer border, edged in silver, with the silver script, "D.V.G. Westmark (Lothr.)" encompassing a white field with a red mobile swastika, also edged in silver. A pebbled field is visible below the translucent red enamel. Complete pin. Maker marked to "W. REDO". 2) 1935 KOBLENZ-TRIER PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY BADGE. (Gauthing Abzeichen) Stamped aluminum badge in the form of a vertical oval. The oval is surmounted by a forward-facing eagle with a static swastika against a pebbled circle in its talons. Two sets of six lines radiate downwards from the eagle, encompassing "Gau-thing Koblenz-Trier" and breaking at the base to either side of "22-23 Juni 1935." A horizontal pin-back device is crimped to its reverse, underneath which is embossed "Entw. R.Kaster" ("Entw." is an abbreviation for "Entwurf;" designed-by) and "Robinson". 3) ‘EIN VOLK EIN REICH EIN FÜHRER’ BADGE. A 30mm diameter, stamped brass badge with Hitler’s profiled, disembodied head to its center, around which is scrolled "Ein Volk, " "Ein Reich," and "Ein Führer" (One People, One Nation, One Leader) separated by small, mobile swastikas. Complete with original pin-back device. 4) 1936 NATIONAL LABOR DAY BADGE. Solid struck aluminum badge. "1. Mai 1936" is embossed to the upper left of the obverse, underneath of which is a plow, with a large hammer and sword to the right of it, and an eagle and swastika beneath those. "RK," undoubtedly the designer’s initials, may be seen beneath the plow. To the reverse is crimped a horizontal pin-back device. Maker marked to reverse. 5) 1936 NATIONAL NSDAP PARTY DAY BADGE. Cast alloy badge whose obverse depicts three armored figures with swords and shields kneeling before a plinth which is surmounted by an eagle and wreathed, mobile swastika. "19" and "36" are to either side of the wreath, and "Reichsparteitag" is beneath the figures. A horizontal pin-back device is crimped to a brass plate to its reverse. Maker marker to reverse. 6) WWII German Nazi SAAR 1.Marz 1935 Tinnie By Deschler of München. Die struck brass tinnie is in the form of a swastika with an applied white metal badge in the form of the Saarland. Badge measures just over an 1 1/8 wide and is nicely marked to the reverse Deschler of München and still retains the vertical safety pin back. 7) 1938 SA Gruppe Kurpfalz Tinnie. Badge is in plastic. A horizontal pin-back device is crimped to a brass plate to its reverse. Maker marker to reverse. 8) 1942 POLICE DONATION TINNIE BADGE. German police Donation Badge, Solid zinc construction measuring 29 mm x 25 mm, pin and catch (crimped) present. P6 stamped to rear. 9) 1933/34 WHW “Der Fuhrer Dankt” Tinnie Badge. This is a very fine larger stamped brass badge featuring Hitler in trench coat giving the Nazi salute. This badge was given by the Winterhilfswerk (WHW) for a donation to that relief organization. This badge measures about 1 1/2” in diameter and has a vertical mounting pin. 10) EM/NCO'S VISOR CAP EAGLE. Second pattern, (Circa March 1935-May 1945), silver washed, die stamped zinc, construction national eagle features outstretched wings, and is clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is has a roughly, 2 5/8", (6.6cm), wingspan from wing tip to wing tip. The hollow reverse of the eagle is a mirror image of the obverse and all four of the original, integral, attachment prongs are intact.

WW1 & WWII NAZI GERMAN TINNIE & BADGE LOT OF 10

Lot #480 (Sale Order 576 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Tinnie lot to include 1) 1942 POLICE DONATION TINNIE BADGE. German police Donation Badge, Solid zinc construction measuring 29 mm x 25 mm, pin and catch (crimped) present. 0-1 stamped to rear. 2) WWII German Nazi SAAR 1.Marz 1935 Tinnie. Die struck brass tinnie is in the form of a swastika with an applied white metal badge in the form of the Saarland. Badge measures just over an 1 1/8 wide and is nicely marked to the reverse REDO and still retains the vertical safety pin back. 3) EM/NCO'S VISOR CAP EAGLE. Second pattern, (Circa March 1935-May 1945), aluminum construction national eagle features outstretched wings, and is clutching a wreathed, canted swastika in it’s talons. Original prongs are intact. Nice clean example. 4) 1942 POLICE DONATION TINNIE BADGE. German police Donation Badge, Solid zinc construction measuring 29 mm x 25 mm, pin and catch (crimped) present. G-3 stamped to rear. 5) WWII German Nazi "LANDWACHT" Auxiliary Police Visor Cap Eagle Mützenadler. Roughly, 1 3/4" tall, 1 1/2" wide, single piece, stamped, alloy Landwacht cap badge. The badge features a right facing eagle with out-stretched, extended wings, superimposed on a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with the eagles wings extending beyond the outer edges of the wreath with a 2" wingspan. The bottom of the wreath has a banner with embossed script, "Landwacht". The eagle and the wreath both have nice high relief detailing. The reverse is a mirror image of the obverse with a safety pin attachment. 6) Gautreffen 1938 gau pommern stettin badge. This is a high quality no ferrous metal. in cupal. Not an easy badge to find. 7) GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS SHOULDER BOARD EAGLE CYPHER. Solid struck alloy, with a beautiful fire gilted finish. Small red stain on the swastika that would probably clean off. Roughly 25mm x 20mm. All attachment prongs complete. Scarce. 8) Religious blue enameled badge with the initials KFB. 9) WHW TINNIE GRONINGEN. Ceramic tinnie with original vertical pin. 10) oberösterreichischer automobil-club 1904 badge. 11) FELDZUG 4. ARMEE 1914-1915 TINNIE. Badge is in excellent codition with a side profile of Otto von Bismarck. 10) Attractive, so-called: N.S.D.A.P.-related 'tinnie' (ie. 'Tagungs- o. Veranstaltungsabzeichen'-) being a non-maker-marked example, showing the text: '10 Jahre befreite Pfalz - 9. Jan. - 12. Febr. - 1924 - 1934' 11) Mecklenburg-Schwerin Mecklenburgischer Kriegerverband Mitgliedsabzeichen BADGE.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP DAF STATIONARY LOT OF 18

Lot #481 (Sale Order 577 of 952)

WWII Nazi German official NSDAP Stationary lot to include 6 sheets measuring 11 1/2 X 8 inches. 2) 10 DAF various company stationary all are in excellent condition. The National Socialist German Workers' Party (abbreviated in German as NSDAP), commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945, that created and supported the ideology of National Socialism. Its precursor, the German Workers' Party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920. The Nazi Party emerged from the German nationalist, racist and populist Freikorps paramilitary culture, which fought against the communist uprisings in post-World War I Germany. The party was created to draw workers away from communism and into völkisch nationalism. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric, although this was later downplayed to gain the support of business leaders, and in the 1930s the party's main focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes. Pseudoscientific racist theories were central to Nazism, expressed in the idea of a "people's community" (Volksgemeinschaft). The party aimed to unite "racially desirable" Germans as national comrades, while excluding those deemed either to be political dissidents, physically or intellectually inferior, or of a foreign race (Fremdvölkische). The Nazis sought to strengthen the Germanic people, the "Aryan master race", through racial purity and eugenics, broad social welfare programs, and a collective subordination of individual rights, which could be sacrificed for the good of the state on behalf of the people. To protect the supposed purity and strength of the Aryan race, the Nazis sought to exterminate Jews, Romani, Poles and most other Slavs, along with the physically and mentally handicapped. They disenfranchised and segregated homosexuals, Africans, Jehovah's Witnesses and political opponents. The persecution reached its climax when the party-controlled German state set in motion the Final Solution—an industrial system of genocide which achieved the murder of around 6 million Jews and millions of other targeted victims, in what has become known as the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler, the party's leader since 1921, was appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg on 30 January 1933. Hitler rapidly established a totalitarian regime known as the Third Reich. Following the defeat of the Third Reich at the conclusion of World War II in Europe, the party was "declared to be illegal" by the Allied powers, who carried out denazification in the years after the war both in Germany and in territories occupied by Nazi forces. The use of any symbols associated with the party is now outlawed in many European countries, including Germany and Austria. DAF History; Its leader was Robert Ley, who stated that its aim was 'to create a true social and productive community'. Theoretically, the DAF existed to act as a medium through which workers and owners could mutually represent their interests. Wages were set by the 12 DAF trustees. The employees were given relatively high set wages and security of employment, and dismissal was increasingly made difficult. Social security and leisure programmes were started, canteens, breaks, and regular working times were established, and German workers were generally satisfied by what the DAF gave them in repayment for their absolute loyalty and increased work hours (Due to armaments production). Following the National Socialist’s Volksgemeinschaft approach towards developing a greater "people's community", the DAF expanded or established new social, educational, sports, health, and entertainment programs for German workers via the Strength through Joy, which included factory libraries and gardens, swimming pools, low-priced hot meals, adult education programs, periodic work breaks, physical education, sports facilities, gymnastic training, orchestral music during lunch breaks, free tickets to concerts and opera, and subsidized vacations that saw over 10.3 million Germans signed up by 1938. The DAF financed the building of ocean-going vessels that permitted German workers to pay minimal prices to sail to many foreign destinations. Up to six ocean liners were operating just before the start of World War II. According to the chief of the Associated Press in Berlin, Louis P. Lochner, ticket prices for ocean steamer vessels ranged from twelve to sixteen marks for "a full week on such a steamer". For those who desired vacations closer to home, the DAF constructed spa and summer resort complexes. The most ambitious was the 4.5 km long Prora complex on Rugen island, which was to have 20,000 beds, and would have been the largest beach resort in the world.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS CBI SHOULDER PATCH LOT OF 8

Lot #482 (Sale Order 578 of 952)

Lot of 8 Theater made CBI shoulder sleeve patches by various makers with 4 of them completely embroidered with cotton thread and the other 4 are embroidered in silver bullion thread. All are in excellent condition. China Burma India Theater (CBI) was the United States military designation during World War II for the China and Southeast Asian or India–Burma (IBT) theaters. Operational command of Allied forces (including US forces) in the CBI was officially the responsibility of the Supreme Commanders for South East Asia or China. However, US forces in practice were usually overseen by General Joseph Stilwell, the Deputy Allied Commander in China; the term "CBI" was significant in logistical, material and personnel matters; it was and is commonly used within the US for these theaters. U.S. and Chinese fighting forces in the CBI included the Chinese Expeditionary Force, the Flying Tigers, transport and bomber units flying the Hump, including the Tenth Air Force, the 1st Air Commando Group, the engineers who built the Ledo Road, the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), popularly known as "Merrill's Marauders", and the 5332d Brigade, Provisional or 'Mars Task Force', which assumed the Marauders' mission

WW1 GERMAN COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR MEDAL LOT 4

Lot #483 (Sale Order 579 of 952)

COMBATANTS CROSS OF HONOR 1914/18 LOT OF FOUR. 1) Die struck, magnetic sheet metal awards with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbon. Instituted in July of 1934 by von Hindenburg (resulting in its erroneous designation as the "Hindenburg Cross") to recognize service in WWI. It ranked beneath bravery awards but above other service and campaign awards.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN REGIMENTAL & PATRIOTIC PIPES

Lot #484 (Sale Order 580 of 952)

Two WW1 Imperial German and patriotic and regimental smoking pipes measuring roughly 37 inches to both of them. The bowls features Kaiser Wilhelm II and Field Artillery Regiment 77 for War Maneuvers for 1899-1901. This most unusual thing about the regimental bowl is a sepia toned photograph certainly of the soldier's sweetheart or wife. Pipe is named to Cannonier Weinel with a complete roster to the reverse of the bowl.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN PATRIOTIC PIPE LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #485 (Sale Order 581 of 952)

Two WW1 Imperial German patriotic smoking pipes to include 1) Small pipe measuring 10 inches with a female warrior with a German Austrian motif-ed shield and sword. 2) Patriotic pipe measuring 20 1/2 inches with Kaiser Wilhelm II to the front of the bowl.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE VEHICLE PENNANT WW2

Lot #486 (Sale Order 582 of 952)

VEHICLE SERVICE PENNANT. Roughly, 21cm tall, 32cm long, dual-sided, 1936-1945 pattern, horizontal, isosceles triangle pennant features a vertically ribbed, navy blue cotton/rayon blend base with a hand embroidered national eagle with out-stretched wings in golden yellow threads with black accent threads, to the center of each side. All but hoist edge is bordered with a roughly, 12mm wide golden yellow cotton trim which is machine stitched in place. The hoist edge has a navy blue cotton bunting with a tunnel looped suspension rope. Both original clips are present. Following German military traditions, the Kriegsmarine introduced new rank and command flags and pennants for high ranking naval personnel in 1934 including assorted vehicle pennants. Along with the new rank and command flags and pennants was the vehicle service pennant which was introduced on November 20TH 1934 and was officially designated, "Hoheitszeichen", (National Insignia). The vehicle service pennant was authorized to be flown from the left front fender of a Kriegsmarine staff/service vehicle when an uniformed Officer or Official without a specific rank or command pennant was present in the vehicle. The introductory order also stipulated that the vehicle service pennant could be flown on the left front fender by all ranks on personally owned vehicles. Regulations in November 1936 modified the pennant with the addition of yellow edge trim and further regulations In May 1938 changed the designation from, "Hoheitszeichen" to, "Dienstwimpel", (Service Pennant), and authorization for use on privately owned vehicles stipulated the vehicle must be of German manufacture and in good condition. Considering that the Kriegsmarine was the smallest of the three branches of service, being allotted only 9% of available recruits annually and that roughly only 2% of the general German population owned a vehicle the vehicle service pennant must be relatively scarce.

WW2 NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE COMMANDER CAR PENNANT

Lot #487 (Sale Order 583 of 952)

COMMANDER'S VEHICLE PENNANT. This example for Kommodore or Leaders vehicle. Its identical to the flotilla and the group command pennants but a small version. White, vertically ribbed, cotton/rayon blend construction, dual sided, swallowtail pennant is roughly 48cm long and 20cm tall at the hoist edge. Pennant features a black Iron Cross with three rows of white chain stitching to outside edges. One of the horizontal arms of the cross butt up against the hoist edge bunting. Pennant has a horizontal row of reinforcement stitching to tip of fly end. Hoist edge has a white cotton bunting with internal, tunnel looped, steel suspension rod with magnetic friction clips to top and bottom edges. Following German Military traditions, new command flags/pennants for high ranking naval personnel were first introduced in the Third Reich era in 1934. Command flags/pennants of other commanders were introduced at a later date and followed the basic pattern of the army’s command flags. The command flags for higher ranks were usually square although triangular pennants were also used on vehicles.

WWII GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE DIVISION COMMAND PENNANT

Lot #488 (Sale Order 584 of 952)

COMMANDER'S VEHICLE PENNANT. Wool blend material with an embroidered gold anchor at center. Double sided with a white canvas hoist. The body of the pennant scattered mothing on each side, mostly in the white center panel. Measures 25 centimeters in length. Following German Military traditions, new command flags/pennants for high ranking naval personnel were first introduced in the Third Reich era in 1934. Command flags/pennants of other commanders were introduced at a later date and followed the basic pattern of the army’s command flags. The command flags for higher ranks were usually square although triangular pennants were also used on vehicles.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE CAP TALLEY LOT OF 4

Lot #489 (Sale Order 585 of 952)

Lot of 4 Kriegsmarine cap tally's to include 1) KRIEGSMARINE CAP TALLEY. An early, black rayon construction cap tally featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "Kriegsmarine", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. The German EM/NCO’s "Donald Duck" style sailor’s cap was based on a traditional design that dates back to the creation of the Prussian Navy in 1848. During the Imperial German Navy, the Reichsmarine and the early Third Reich eras these Donald Duck style sailor’s caps were issued with a named cap talley to identify the ship, flotilla or land unit the individual was serving with. On November 1ST 1938 the Navy mobilization order introduced the "Kriegsmarine" cap talley to replace the named cap tallies as a security measure in the case of active mobilization. Personnel who had no possible contact with the outside world retained the privilege to wear the named tallies until mid-1940 when additional orders restricted wear of all named cap tallies excluding personnel of the NCO’s Preparatory Schools. Originally the script on the cap tallies was worked in gilt wire but due to the potential tarnish discoloration of the wire regulations of October 29TH 1936 dictated that the manufacture of the gilt script on the cap tallies was to be discontinued and replaced with golden yellow celleon threads although the directive was not strictly adhered to. 2) KRIEGSMARINE CAP TALLEY. An early, black rayon construction cap talley featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "Kriegsmarine", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is has been cut and restored to close to it's original length. Shows the expected age and use wear. 3) SCHIFFSARTILLERIESCHULE Kriegsmarine CAP TALLEY. Naval Artillery School. Very Good+ condition. Approxiamtely 1 1/4 inches wide by 61 1/2 inches long. Full length with matching clipped ends. 4) Kriegsmarine "1.Marineartillerieabteilung.1." Cap Talley. Pre 1939 Talley with gold wire letters on thin black ribbon material. Talley is about 22 inches long and shows wear and age with tarnish to the letters and looks like it was sewn to the cap.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE CAP TALLEY LOT OF 5

Lot #490 (Sale Order 586 of 952)

Lot of 4 Kriegsmarine cap tally's to include 1) MARINE ORTUNGSSCHULE. Early, black rayon construction cap tally featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "MARINE ORTUNGSSCHULE", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. 2) 2.SCHIFFSSTAMMABTEILUNG DER OSTSEE.2. An early, black rayon construction cap talley featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "2.SCHIFFSSTAMMABTEILUNG DER OSTSEE.2.", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. 3) 6. Schiffstammabteilung 6 Cap Talley. Later, black rayon construction cap talley featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "6. Schiffstammabteilung 6", in yellow celluloid threads. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. 4) 1. Marineunteroffizierlehrabteilung 1. Cap Talley. Early, black rayon construction cap talley featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "1. Marineunteroffizierlehrabteilung 1.", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. 5) 3. Marineunteroffizierlehrabteilung 3. Cap Talley. Early, black rayon construction cap talley featuring the machine woven Gothic script, "3. Marineunteroffizierlehrabteilung 3.", in gilt flat-wire threads. The script has tarnished to a rich coppery tone. The cap tally is full length. Shows the expected age and use wear. The German EM/NCO’s "Donald Duck" style sailor’s cap was based on a traditional design that dates back to the creation of the Prussian Navy in 1848. During the Imperial German Navy, the Reichsmarine and the early Third Reich eras these Donald Duck style sailor’s caps were issued with a named cap talley to identify the ship, flotilla or land unit the individual was serving with. On November 1ST 1938 the Navy mobilization order introduced the "Kriegsmarine" cap talley to replace the named cap tallies as a security measure in the case of active mobilization. Personnel who had no possible contact with the outside world retained the privilege to wear the named tallies until mid-1940 when additional orders restricted wear of all named cap tallies excluding personnel of the NCO’s Preparatory Schools. Originally the script on the cap tallies was worked in gilt wire but due to the potential tarnish discoloration of the wire regulations of October 29TH 1936 dictated that the manufacture of the gilt script on the cap tallies was to be discontinued and replaced with golden yellow celleon threads although the directive was not strictly adhered to.

WW2 COASTAL ARTILLERY FEMALE AUXILIARIES CUFFTITLE

Lot #491 (Sale Order 587 of 952)

Blue rayon construction cufftitle with machine woven Gothic script, "Marinehelferin", in golden yellow threads. Near mint, superb condition. Although the Kriegsmarine had utilized civilian female employees on an individual contract basis in assorted secretarial and clerical positions prior to WWII, it was contrary to the NSDAP’s views on women to draft them into active military service roles and the female employees retained the legal status as civilians. As the war progressed and additional manpower was needed at the front more and more women were recruited into service as early as 1940, albeit still retaining their civilian status. Besides the secretarial and clerical positions female civilians were also employed as Flugmeldedienstpersonel (Aircraft Reporting Service), personnel that were tasked with operating assorted aircraft visual and sound detection equipment, and radar stations to warn of incoming enemy aircraft. In December 1941 the War Service Laws dictated that females between 18 and 40 years of age could be drafted into military service as non-combatants with the Wehrmachtgefolge, (Armed Forces Retinue). Additional assorted female auxiliary services were instituted up to July 7TH 1942, when the Marinehelferinnen, (Female Navy Auxiliaries) was established. Uniform regulations for these personnel was published in late 1942 and early 1943 and included an identifying cufftitle that was to be worn on the lower left sleeve of the service uniform. On November 29TH 1944 all female auxiliary personnel were grouped together under the control of the newly established, "Wehrmachthelferinnenkorps", (Corps of Female Armed Forces Auxiliaries).

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER M35 DRESS TUNIC INSIGNIA

Lot #492 (Sale Order 588 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) PANZER EM/NCO'S M35 DRESS UNIFORM COLLAR TABS. The collar tabs feature machine woven litzen in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads with interwoven regulation "V" pattern branch of service stripes also in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads. The litzen are mounted on pink wool bases which show through as the center stripe. The collar tabs are mounted on tan buckram backings. The M35 dress tunic was introduced for wear by all ranks on June 29TH 1935 as the walking out, parade and ceremonial dress with the piped stone gray long pants. The design of the M35 dress tunic was based on the Imperial German army’s service tunic but was a different color and generally of much higher quality. Originally all personnel were issued two M35 dress tunics but manufacture was discontinued in late 1939 or early 1940 and was to be reinstated at the successful conclusion of the war. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 stated that the M35 dress tunics that were no longer suitable for dress wear were to be modified and reissued to personnel of the replacement and reserve units for every day wear. The Waffenrock tunics were issued with distinctive collar and cuff ornamentation that utilized the individuals waffenfarbe, (branch of service color), as a base. 2) PANZER EM/NCO'S M35 DRESS UNIFORM CUFF FACINGS. The M35 dress tunic was introduced for wear by all ranks on June 29TH 1935 as the walking out, parade and ceremonial dress with the piped stone gray long pants. The design of the M35 dress tunic was based on the Imperial German army’s service tunic but was a different color and generally of much higher quality. Originally all personnel were issued two M35 dress tunics but manufacture was discontinued in late 1939 or early 1940 and was to be reinstated at the successful conclusion of the war. Regulations of March 21ST 1940 stated that the M35 dress tunics that were no longer suitable for dress wear were to be modified and reissued to personnel of the replacement and reserve units for every day wear. The Waffenrock tunics were issued with distinctive collar and cuff ornamentation that utilized the individuals waffenfarbe, (branch of service color), as a base.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER TRADE AND RANK INSIGNIA

Lot #493 (Sale Order 589 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) PANZER EM/NCO'S COLLAR TABS. September 1935 pattern, machine woven, rayon construction collar tabs feature light, field-grey litzen with an interwoven dark, blue/green center stripe and pink branch of service stripes. The collar tabs are machine stitched to blue/green badge cloth bases, which are mounted on a light buckram backings. The use of collar ornamentation on military uniforms was utilized by numerous assorted nations with the main function being the indication of the wearers rank and/or branch of service. During the Third Reich era collar tabs for EM/NCO ranks underwent at least five minor alterations with the main modification being in the material and coloration utilized. Originally, (Circa January 1933-September 1935), EM/NCO’s utilized the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era collar tabs until a new pattern was introduced on September 10TH 1935. The EM/NCO style collar tabs were worn in matching pairs by the ranks of Soldat to Stabsfeldwebel inclusively. The different branches of service within the German army were allocated a specific, identifying, waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), with pink being chosen for panzer personnel which was generally displayed on the collar tabs. 2) PANZER EM/NCO'S COLLAR TABS. 1935 pattern collar tabs with machine woven rayon litzen in field-gray threads with an interwoven blue/green center stripe and pink branch of service stripes. 3) MOTOR/ARMORED MECHANIC 1ST CLASS TRADE BADGE. The badge is in the form of a roughly, 60mm diameter, field-grey wool base with a machine embroidered, twelve cog, gear wheel with four inner "spokes" and a central, circular, "hub", all in pink rayon threads. The outer edge of the badge is trimmed in twisted, pink rayon cording that is neatly hand stitched in place. Trade and Specialist badges were introduced at varying times through-out the Third Reich to distinguish EM/NCO personnel who had achieved proficiency at a particular trade, specialty or function. The identifying insignia was most commonly worn on the lower right sleeve of the service or field tunic of qualified personnel holding the ranks of Schütze to Stabsfeldwebel inclusively. Some of the trades were only open to enlisted ranks while those open to NCO’s ranks were distinguished by the addition of a silver cord piping. Originally the early trade badges were worked on a blue/green badge cloth base, but in early 1940 this was altered to a field-grey wool base or the appropriate color of the uniform it was to be worn on. Regulations of June 1ST 1943 introduced a Motor/Armored Mechanic’s trade badge in two classes with the 1ST class being distinguished by pink cord piping and the 2ND class without the piping. 4) TECHNICAL ARTISAN'S SLEEVE BADGE. Introduced in June 1943, the insignia takes the form of a machine woven cogwheel, in pink thread, on a roughly 50mm diameter field-grey wool base. The badge is bordered in sliver/aluminum twisted cord piping. Unissued. 5) PANZER SIGNAL PERSONNEL'S SLEEVE BADGE. The post-1940 pattern Panzer Signals trade badge is in the form of a roughly, 55mm tall, 43mm wide, vertically oval, feldgrau badge wool base with a central, hand embroidered, downward pointing, blitz arrow in Pink rayon threads. The blitz arrow stands out in nice high relief. Nice badge. 6) PANZER SIGNALS PERSONNEL'S TRADE BADGE. The pre-1940 pattern. Pink Signals Blitz, machine embroidered on dark green and with backing cloth.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER SEW IN SHOULDER BOARDS WW2

Lot #494 (Sale Order 590 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Panzer sew in shoulder boards. Early, (circa November 1938-May 1940), second pattern, blue/green badge cloth construction, sew on shoulder strap with pink waffenfarbe piping and machine stitched unit numbers "2" have been removed from both pieces. On November 26TH 1938 the first pattern, pointed tip, shoulder straps without waffenfarben, (Branch of Service Color), utilized by EM/NCO’s were replaced with a rounded tip shoulder strap that included the branch of service waffenfarben. Originally these second pattern straps were manufactured in blue/green badge cloth until regulations in May 1940 altered their construction to field-gray wool. These second pattern shoulder straps were worn for the duration of the war although a third and final pattern was introduced in September 1944. The different branches of service within the German army were allocated a particular identifying waffenfarbe color which was displayed as piping on the shoulder straps with Pink being chosen for Panzer personnel.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER INSIGNIA LOT OF 5 WW2

Lot #495 (Sale Order 591 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) PANZER OBERFELDWEBEL'S SHOULDER STRAP. Early, second pattern, (Circa November 1938-May 1940), blue/green badge cloth construction, sew on shoulder strap with bright silver/aluminum, diamond patterned, NCO’s tress to all the outside edges, two rank pips and pink rayon waffenfarbe piping. 2) PANZER EM'S SHOULDER STRAP. Later, second pattern, (Circa May 1940-May 1945) field-gray wool construction, slip on shoulder strap with Pink wool rayon waffenfarbe piping. 3) PANZER EM'S SHOULDER STRAP. Early, (Circa November 1938-May 1940), second pattern, blue/green badge cloth construction, slip on shoulder strap with Pink wool waffenfarbe piping. 4) PANZER EM/NCO'S COLLAR TAB. September 1935 pattern, machine woven, rayon construction collar tab features light, field-gray litzen with an interwoven dark, gray/green center stripe and pink branch of service stripes. The collar tab is machine stitched to a blue/green badge cloth base buckram backing. 5) HERMANN GÖRING" UNIT FLAK ARTILLERY EM'S COLLAR TAB. Green wool tab with red rayon piping. Skull to the front. The Reichsluftwaffe was officially established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the German Armed Forces. On March 9TH 1935 the formation of the new Reichsluftwaffe was announced to the foreign press and on March 16TH conscription was reintroduced for all three branches of service. On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe. Collar tabs were adopted by the newly formed Luftwaffe on April 14TH 1935 and followed the basic pattern of the collar tabs that had been utilized by its earlier civilian forerunner the, DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League). The collar tabs were worn in matching pairs and indicated the branch of service and rank of the wearer. The Regiment General Göring was formed in September 1935 from the previous Landes Polizei Gruppe General Göring, and became the premier unit of the fledgling Luftwaffe. On March 12TH 1936 the unit exchange their Police uniforms for Luftwaffe uniforms, and it was at this time that personnel were issued the distinctive white collar tabs. Regulations of April 3RD 1936 introduced collar tab trim with bright silver/aluminum piping for officer’s ranks, red piping for EM/NCO’s serving with Flugzeugabwehrartillerie, (Anti-Aircraft Artillery), and Jäger-Grün, (Rifle-Green), for all other EM/NCO’s. As a ground unit new branches of service were introduced which hadn’t existed within the Luftwaffe before which resulted in them adopting the army’s waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Colors), on January 4TH 1943 which was generally displayed as piping on the collar tabs. Further regulations of January 4TH 1943 introduced additional branch of service colors for personnel of the Hermann Göring units and further regulations of April 2ND 1943 abolished the collar tab piping for EM/NCO’s ranks. Of Note: The Regiment General Göring unit went through assorted upgrades and enlargements until October 1942 when it was designated Division Hermann Göring and its personnel retained the right to wear the white collar tabs.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA LOT OF 13 PIECES WW2

Lot #496 (Sale Order 592 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia lot to include 1) SCHUTZPOLIZEI NCO'S COLLAR TAB. Machine woven collar tab feature a police green, rayon base with interwoven litzen in bright, silver/aluminum flat-wire threads. The base police green rayon shows through the litzen as the branch of service and center stripes. The collar tab has silver/aluminum cord piping. 2) SCHUPO UNTERWACHTMEISTER SHOULDER BOARD. Second pattern, sew on shoulder board as introduced along with new uniforms in July 1936. The shoulder boards feature dual, outer edge, black Russian braid with evenly spaced, interwoven silver "V"s, encompassing dual, inner, black braids, mounted on a green rayon truppenfarbe base. 3) ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICIAL'S SHOULDER BOARD. Pre-1940 pattern, sew on shoulder boards of matte silver/aluminum Russian braid with a fine dark green stripe separating the two outer and inner braids, with a stamped alloy, overlapping, stylized, "HV", cypher indicating Heeres Verwaltung, (Army Administration). The board is mounted on a dark blue/green badge cloth waffenfarbe base with black wool nebenfarbe, (secondary color). The secondary color is sandwiched between the Russian braid and the blue/green badge cloth base and is just visible at the sides. 4) UNTEROFFIZIER'S SHOULDER STRAP. A first pattern, (Circa September 1935-March 1939), blue/green badge construction slip on shoulder strap with a pointed tip, bright silver/aluminum, diamond patterned NCO’s tress to three sides and no waffenfarbe piping. Nice clean example. 5) CUSTOMS FINANZANWARTER'S SHOULDER BOARD. The 1937 pattern slip on shoulder board features alternating dark bottle green rayon and bright silver/aluminum flat-wire "V"s on bright silver/aluminum Russian braids. Mounted on a dark bottle green wool truppenfarbe base. Rank of Finanzanwarter. Scarce. 6) JÄGER'S SLEEVE BADGE. Vertically oval, green/gray cloth base features three machine embroidered oak-leaves and a single acorn in mid-green rayon threads with off-white "veins" and a tan stem, all encompassed by an off-white, simulated, twisted rope border. 7) JÄGER'S SLEEVE BADGE. Vertically oval, green cloth base features three machine embroidered oak-leaves and a single acorn in mid-green rayon threads with off-white "veins" and a tan stem, all encompassed by an off-white, simulated, twisted rope border. 8) WEAPONS MAINTENANCE SERGEANT'S TRADE BADGE. The 1940-45 pattern insignia consists of a roughly, 55mm diameter feldgrau wool base with machine embroidered crossed rifles in golden yellow to the center. The reverse of the badge still has its woven protective black fabric backing fully intact. 9) TROPICAL WEAPONS MAINTENANCE SERGEANT'S TRADE BADGE. The 1940-45 pattern insignia consists of a roughly, 55mm diameter tan cotton base with machine embroidered crossed rifles in golden yellow to the center. 10) DRIVER’S PROFICIENCY BADGE IN GOLD. Stamped magnetic alloy award with a gold wash. Badge is in the form of an embossed, circular laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed steering wheel on a pebble background field. Complete with prongs, original backing plate and wool. The award also has its protective paper backing intact. 11) DRIVERS PROFICIENCY BADGE IN SILVER. Stamped alloy badge with a silver wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, circular laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed steering wheel on a pebbled background field. 12) LUFTWAFFE EM/NCO BELT BUCKLE EAGLE. Top portion of an enlisted belt buckle missing prongs. 13) MEDICAL NCO'S CAREER SLEEVE INSIGNIA. The insignia consists of a caduceus, (serpent intertwined on a staff), superimposed, on a diagonally angled anchor still retaining the prongs.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DOG TAG LOT OF THREE WW2

Lot #497 (Sale Order 593 of 952)

WWII Nazi German dog tags lot of three to include 1) Roughly 70mm long x 50mm tall, horizontally oval, stamped, natural zinc construction identification tag. The tag has three, roughly 15mm long slits running down the center lengthwise, to facilitate breaking it in half if necessary. The tag has two, punched, holes to the top section and one to the bottom section for securing the neck suspension cord. The tag has identical stamps on either side of the central slits which consist of the recipient’s personal roster number, "83", and his unit designation, "Inf Rgt 9 II. Btl". 2) Roughly 70mm long x 50mm tall, horizontally oval, stamped, natural aluminum construction identification tag. The tag has three, roughly 15mm long slits running down the center lengthwise, to facilitate breaking it in half if necessary. The tag has two, punched, holes to the top section and one to the bottom section for securing the neck suspension cord. Marked "460 1./LW. Bau-Batl. 3/VII" 3) Roughly 70mm long x 50mm tall, horizontally oval, stamped, natural aluminum construction identification tag. The tag has three, roughly 15mm long slits running down the center lengthwise, to facilitate breaking it in half if necessary. The tag has two, punched, holes to the top section and one to the bottom section for securing the neck suspension cord. Marked "27 12 Lg Nachr. Rgt. 2. O" All are excellent. Evaluations of German/Prussian losses in battles during the Austro-Prussian war of 1866 and the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1871 resulted in the discovery that many of the dead were unidentifiable, which led to the introduction of the first military identification, (dog), tags into the Prussian army in 1878. The original 1878 pattern dog tags remained in usage until a second, larger pattern with more information was introduced in July 1915. In 1918 a slightly modified dog tag was introduced that remain in use until the end of WWII. On mobilization of the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), in August 1939 all personnel were issued an identification, (dog), tag to be worn on a cord around the neck. Following the outbreak of WWII all new recruits were issued a dog tag on their registration for military service by their original military unit. If killed or wounded, half of the dog tag would stay attached to the individual and the other half would be sent to the appropriate administrative office for processing. Of Note: Dog tags were issued by the recruit’s original military unit, generally a training unit, with a specific, assigned, personal roster number and unit designation and, by regulations, the original dog tag was to remain in use by the recruit, even following unit service transfers, until his final release from military service. The exception to the rule was that lost dog tags would be replaced with a new dog tag bearing a new assigned, personal roster number and the current unit designation by the unit the individual was currently serving with at the time. Originally most dog tags were constructed of aluminum, but later, as the aluminum was required for other, critically, essential items, (Circa late 1941-early 1942), zinc construction tags began to be issued in large quantities with steel dog tags being issued in limited quantities around mid-1944. Field units of the army were required to have spare dog tags on hand to replace lost dog tags as required and generally the field units would be issued spare dog tags that would amount to about 20% of the unit’s authorized personnel. Regulations concerning the addition of blood group type stampings on the dog tags appear to not have been instituted until later in the war, (Circa late 1942-early 1943), although blood group markings can be found sporadically on early issued dog tags.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #498 (Sale Order 594 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 10 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #499 (Sale Order 595 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 10 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OVERSEAS M43 CAP EAGLE LOT WW2

Lot #500 (Sale Order 596 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS/M43 CAP EAGLE LOT OF 9 EAGLES. Machine woven national eagles with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it’s talons in matte gray rayon threads on a woven field-gray rayon base. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 65mm from wing tip to wing tip. The eagles are still on it’s original field-gray factory roll. The German army originally adopted a slightly modified version of the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), national eagle by order on February 17TH 1934, with instructions to have it applied to all steel helmets, visor caps, and tunics by May 1ST 1934. Regulations followed on October 30TH 1935 that stipulated the national eagle was also to be applied to all field caps. Generally the national eagle for wear on the EM/NCO’s overseas and M43 field caps were machine woven, first in white on a dark blue/green base, (circa 1934), then later in matte grey on a field-grey base, (circa 1939), while Officer’s versions were embroidered in bright silver/aluminum wire threads. A machine woven version in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads was also utilized by Officer’s but was also very popular with senior NCO’s.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS INSIGNIA LOT 9TH AIR FORCE

Lot #501 (Sale Order 597 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps insignia grouping consisting of 1) Three 1st Troop Carrier Command Flight Jacket Patches (1 in leather and two in cloth) 2) 6 Army Air Corps patches 3) Three 9th Air Force patches in wool all with moth damage. 4) Three engineering specialist patches with one being theater made but heavily damaged. 5) Three collar devices including 2 US and 1 wing and prop device. 6) Good Conduct Medal. 7) Army Air Corps Technical Badge with AP Mechanic device. 8) Luftwaffe EM Breast Eagle 9) Two 1st Troop Carrier Command Distinctive Insignia and one School 10) 1 Italian Lira note 11) Two religious badges 12) Two theater made overseas stripes and finally 13) 1934 Worlds Fair tie tack.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BELT LOT OF 3 HEER EM AND OFFICER

Lot #502 (Sale Order 598 of 952)

WWII Nazi German belt lot to include 1) OFFICER'S BELT & OPEN CLAW BELT BUCKLE. Very nice period worn and used example. Belt is 45mm wide by 106cm in length with seven pairs of buckling holes. 2) EM/NCO'S LEATHER BELT. Blackened leather construction belt. Size adjustment strap is complete. Belt length is 98cm. Clasp is complete. Interior wool shows wear but the leather is excellent. Nice belt. 3) EM/NCO'S LEATHER BELT. Blackened leather construction belt. Size adjustment strap is complete. Belt length is 114cm. Clasp is complete. Leather is excellent. Nice belt. Military belts and their corresponding buckles date back centuries and were initially designed for attaching swords and daggers. In 1847 a new innovative box buckle with a quick release catch and corresponding belt were introduced which resulted in a Prussian, Hauptmann Virschow, initiating a new method of carrying personal equipment with the belt and shoulder straps supporting the majority of the weight. This system, with modifications, remains in use in most of the armies in the world to this day. During the Third Reich there was a prescribed form of wear of the belt and buckle with the buckle being positioned on the right side and the corresponding buckle catch on the left side. On January 24TH 1936 a new pattern EM/NCO's belt buckle was officially introduced to replace the previously worn Weimar era Reichsheer buckle. The basic design of the Reichsheer buckle was retained with the addition of the new Wehrmacht style national eagle. This pattern buckle was worn through-out the Third Reich period with minor manufacturing variations and different colored finishes. The colored finish was determined by regulations depending on what form of uniform it was to be worn with.

WWII NAZI RUSSIAN POA VOLUNTEER'S SLEEVE SHIELD

Lot #503 (Sale Order 599 of 952)

Machine BeVo embroidered official pattern Russian POA volunteer’s sleeve shields or insignia consisting of a flat topped rounded bottom, mid-gray, shield shape base with a red bordered central white field with the blue Cross of St. Andrew (the patron Saint of Russia) to the center. Positioned above the central shield are the golden yellow Cyrillic letters "ROA", which appear as the Latin letters, "POA" and indicate Russkaia Osvoboditel’ naia Armiia, (Russian Army of Liberation). The lower shield has been partially cut as seen in the photos. Very Good With the German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22ND 1941 the German army encountered large segments of the non-ethnic Russian populace that greeted them as liberators from the yoke of Bolshevism. Although Hitler was suspicious of the ethnic make-up and loyalty of these personnel the German commanders in the field quickly saw the advantage of utilizing these willing personnel in non-combatant roles. As a result of manpower restrictions the German army began employing non-ethnic Russian POW’s and volunteers as laborers and supply personnel in the rear areas as early as the summer of 1941 against the express wishes of Hitler. By 1943 continuing manpower shortages forced the German army to start accepting ethnic Russians into service although this was still forbidden by Hitler. Hitler did however see the advantage of exploiting any anti-communist feelings amongst the Russian populace and as a result he appointed the captured Soviet General Andrej Vlasov as leader of the newly established Smolensk Committee, in November 1942, that was comprised of Russian exiles and former Soviet army officers solely for propaganda purposes. Vlasov had served as the commander of a Soviet army on the Leningrad front until his capture on July 12TH 1942. As chairman of the Smolensk Committee Vlasov issued a three point proclamation, on December 27TH 1942, that encourage all Russians to overthrow Stalin and the communist regime, peace with Germany and Russian inclusion in the New Europe. The positive Russian response to the proclamation overwhelmed the Germans and resulted in the formation of the Russian Army of Liberation in early 1943 nominally under Vlasov’s command. Hitler, still distrusting the Russians, ordered that Vlasov be incarcerated, although the formation of the Russian Army of Liberation continued. Finally on November 14TH 1944 the Russian Army of Liberation was officially sanctioned by the Germans. Personnel serving with the Russian Army of Liberation were issued with a German approved, identifying sleeve shield.

WWII M1 GARAND RIFLE BAYONET KOREAN WAR LOT OF 3

Lot #504 (Sale Order 600 of 952)

Lot of 3 M1 Garand rifle bayonets. Includes a 1943 dated AFH bayonet produced during WWII. This one has a bent crossguard, some age wear, and an 8" blade, 12" overall length; an unmarked parkerized bayonet with a 6.5" blade, 11.2" overall length, and a post-war M5-1 bayonet made to Korean War specifications made by J&D Tool with a 6.6" blade and an overall length of 11.4". Only the AFH bayonet has a scabbard which is unmarked at the throat. Good - Very Good

3 CHILEAN & BRAZILLIAN MILITARY RIFLE BAYONETS

Lot #505 (Sale Order 601 of 952)

Lot includes a 2 Chilean import Model 1895 Mauser bayonets and a Brazilian Model 1934 Mauser bayonet. Longest of the 3 is missing a scabbard. 15.2" blade, 20.4" overall on the longest of the three. All three exhibit service wear and age. Very Good - Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN SPANGE IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS WWI

Lot #506 (Sale Order 602 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Spange attached to a vaulted First Class Iron Cross. The 2nd class Spange has had the pins removed and been soldered to the EK. The Iron Cross is heavily vaulted 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. Excellent On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross and two new Spangen, (Bars), for the first and second class awards to be bestowed to recipients of the 1939 Iron Cross who had also been awarded a first or second class 1914 Iron Cross during WWI. Originally the first pattern of this award had slightly scalloped tips to the ends of the date bar which was soon replaced with the second pattern award with diagonally angled ends. Recipients of an Iron Cross Bar were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. Of Note: The LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers), began regulating the manufacture of German awards in March 1941 as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a, Lieferantnummer, (Contractors Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY PARATROOPER BADGE

Lot #507 (Sale Order 603 of 952)

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN Heer Fallschirmjäger named badge cased. Excellent quality reproduction of an extremely rare paratrooper badge. (Heer Fallschirmschützenabzeichen). Second Pattern. Oval badge constructed of silver, the obverse presents a gilded wreath of oak leaves tied with band at the bottom, topped by a Wehrmacht-style eagle, riveted to the wreath is a plummeting eagle, the reverse of the wreath presents the inscription “Fallschirm Inf. Btl. Ltn. Darnmes”. Reverse presents a vertical pinback with a round wire catch and tube hinge. Medal is housed in a blue leatherette issue case with velvet backing.

NAZI GERMAN MEDAL LOT LONG SERVICE WOUND BADGE

Lot #508 (Sale Order 604 of 952)

WWII Nazi German medal lot to include 1) FOUR YEAR LONG SERVICE MEDAL. Silver washed, die struck, sheet metal construction, fourth class award for four years service, features an embossed Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by Gothic script, "Treue Dienste in der Wehrmacht" (Loyal Service in the Armed Forces), on a smooth background field to the obverse. The reverse has a large embossed numeral, "4" to the center encompassed by an embossed, circular, oak-leaf wreath. 2) FOUR YEAR LONG SERVICE MEDAL. Silver washed, die struck, sheet metal construction, fourth class award for four years service, features an embossed Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by Gothic script, "Treue Dienste in der Wehrmacht" (Loyal Service in the Armed Forces), on a smooth background field to the obverse. The reverse has a large embossed numeral, "4" to the center encompassed by an embossed, circular, oak-leaf wreath. On the ribbon is a separately applied Wehrmacht National Eagle clutching a wreath with a canted swastika to the center. 3) SILVER WOUND BADGE. 1939 pattern, injection molded zinc construction, solid backed badge with a silver wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of a M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The badge only retains hints of its original silver wash and has mostly reverted to the flat, matte gray of the base alloy. The plain, solid reverse has an integral, molded, hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and an integral, molded, catch all intact. 4) BLACK WOUND BADGE, 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact.

REPRO WWII NAZI SS CLOTH INSIGNIA 1936 OLYMPICS

Lot #509 (Sale Order 605 of 952)

Reproduction WWII Nazi German insignia to include 1) WWII GERMAN 1ST SS ADOLPH HITLER TRANSPORT “LAH” MONGRAMED SHOULD BOARDS. 2) WWII GERMAN 1ST SS ADOLPH HITLER CAVALRY “LAH” MONGRAMED NCO SHOULD BOARDS. 3) 1936 OLYMPIC GAMES MEDAL. 4) 1936 OLYMPIC GAMES KAMPFRICHTER BADGE . 5) HITLER YOUTH HOCHLAND LAGER 1936 BADGE

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP DISTRICT DOCUMENT STAMP WW2

Lot #510 (Sale Order 606 of 952)

WWII Nazi German NSDAP document stamp is the for National Socialist District office/dept. for the town of Backnang and having a small political eagle. Stamp is in excellent condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP DISTRICT DOCUMENT STAMP WW2

Lot #511 (Sale Order 607 of 952)

WWII Nazi German NSDAP document stamp is the for National Socialist Civil Service Dept. District Bingen AM Rhine and having a small political eagle. Stamp is in excellent condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SS DOCUMENT STAMP FOR BERLIN WW2

Lot #512 (Sale Order 608 of 952)

WWII Nazi German SS document stamp is the for District office/dept in Berlin. Stamp is in excellent condition.

WWII US ARMY OFFICER 95TH DIVISION GROUPING WW2

Lot #513 (Sale Order 609 of 952)

WWII US Army Officer grouping consisting of a named four pocket service dress tunic that is nicely patched out with a 5 plave ribbon bar including Bronze Star Victory Medal European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with three bronze stars American Campaign Medal American Defense Service Medal. The tunis has crossed rifle Infantry brass as well as the standard US devices. The tunic is named to the interior to a Lt. Griggs. He upgraded the rank to a captain by placing two Lt. bars to each side. The tunic was tailored on 5/42 and is marked to a 39R. The grouping also has a set of boxed 95th Division marked glasses, all are in MINT CONDITION. History World War II On 15 July 1942, the division was ordered into active military service and reorganized at Camp Swift, Texas. The 189th and 190th Infantry Brigades were disbanded as part of an army-wide elimination of brigades. Instead, the division was based around three infantry regiments, the 377th Infantry Regiment, the 378th Infantry Regiment, and the 379th Infantry Regiment. The division also received a new shoulder sleeve insignia in August 1942. Over the next two years, the division trained extensively in locations throughout the United States, including Camp Coxcomb in California. Order of battle Headquarters, 95th Infantry Division 377th Infantry Regiment 378th Infantry Regiment 379th Infantry Regiment Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 95th Infantry Division Artillery 358th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm) 359th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm) 360th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm) 920th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm) 320th Engineer Combat Battalion 320th Medical Battalion 95th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized Headquarters, Special Troops, 95th Infantry Division Headquarters Company, 95th Infantry Division 795th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company 95th Quartermaster Company 95th Signal Company Military Police Platoon Band 95th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment Europe The 95th Infantry Division was assigned to XIII Corps of the Ninth United States Army, Twelfth United States Army Group. The division sailed for Europe on 10 August 1944. The 95th Infantry Division arrived in England on 17 August. After receiving additional training, it moved to France one month later on 15 September. During this time it was reassigned to III Corps. The division bivouacked near Norroy-le-Sec, from 1 to 14 October. It was then assigned to XX Corps of the Third United States Army. The division was sent into combat on 19 October in the Moselle bridgehead sector east of Moselle and South of Metz and patrolled the Seille near Cheminot, capturing the forts surrounding Metz and repulsing enemy attempts to cross the river. It was during the defense of this town from repeated German attacks that the division received its nickname, "The Iron Men of Metz." On 1 November, elements went over to the offensive, reducing an enemy pocket east of Maizières-lès-Metz. On 8 November, these units crossed the Moselle River and advanced to Bertrange. Against heavy resistance, the 95th captured the forts surrounding Metz and captured the city by 22 November. The division pushed toward the Saar on 25 November and entered Germany on the 28th. The 95th seized a Saar River bridge on 3 December and engaged in bitter house-to-house fighting for Saarlautern. Suburbs of the city fell and, although the enemy resisted fiercely, the Saar bridgehead was firmly established by 19 December. While some units went to an assembly area, others held the area against strong German attacks. On 2 February 1945, the division began moving to the Maastricht area in the Netherlands, and by 14 February, elements were in the line near Meerselo in relief of British units. During this time the division returned to the Ninth Army under XIX Corps, though saw temporary assignments to several other corps through the spring. On 23 February, the division was relieved, and the 95th assembled near Jülich, Germany, on 1 March. It forced the enemy into a pocket near the Hitler Bridge at Uerdingen and cleared the pocket on 5 March, while elements advanced to the Rhine. From 12 March, the 95th established defenses in the vicinity of Neuss. Assembling east of the Rhine at Beckum on 3 April, it launched an attack across the Lippe River the next day and captured Hamm and Kamen on the 6th. After clearing the enemy pocket north of the Ruhr and the Möhne Rivers, the division took Werl and Unna on 9/10 April, Dortmund on 13 April and maintained positions on the north bank of the Ruhr. It held this position until the end of the war.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS DRONE PROPELLER 44 INCHES

Lot #514 (Sale Order 610 of 952)

S Propellers Inc WWII 44" Drone Propeller WWII era wood propeller used on military drone aircraft. Stamped with manufactuer's ID, serial number, inspection stamp, etc. (see photos). Excellent varnish and paint. Red prop tip paint

WWII US WAR CRIMES TRIAL NAME PLATE BORKUM ISLAND

Lot #515 (Sale Order 611 of 952)

WWII Name plate for Judge Lt. Col. Dan L. Miller who was a judge for the trial held at Borkum Island. The reverse of the name plate says BORKUM ISLAND TRIAL HELD AT SCHLOSS LUDWIGSBURG 6 - FEB. 1946 and measuring 24 1/2 inches. If you google this trial and go to images you will find these exact name plates. The judges at the Ludwigsburg War Crimes Trials. were Lt. Col. Dan L. Miller, Col. Selby F. Little, Col. Albert R. Barden, Col. Edward B. Jackson, Col. Robert N. Hicks, Lt. Col. Humbert J. Versace, and Lt. Col. Alfred Martin. Ludwigsburg, Germany. Borkum Island war crimes trial The Borkum Island war crimes trial involved the prosecution of ten German soldiers and five German civilians accused and found guilty of war crimes committed on the island of Borkum against seven American airmen during World War II. The airmen had been deliberately exposed to harassment and subsequently executed. Background The Borkum Island war trial followed the aftermath of the execution of seven United States Army Air Forces airmen by Wehrmacht soldiers stationed on the island of Borkum. On August 4, 1944, Boeing B-17G-75-BO 43-37909 of the 486th BG, crashed into Borkum Island, the site of a German military base. The airmen aboard included three second lieutenants and four sergeants (Pilot: 2Lt Harvey M Walthall, Co-Pilot: 2Lt William J Myers, Bombardier: 2Lt Howard S Graham, Radio Operator: T/Sgt Kenneth Faber, Ball Turret Gunner: S/Sgt James W Danno, Waist Gunner S/Sgt William F Dold, Tail Gunner: S/Sgt William W Lambertus). All seven airmen survived the crash and surrendered to the German soldiers present on the island. In accordance with typical procedures, the American prisoners should have been handed off to a nearby German naval base and relocated to a prisoner gathering point in the heart of Nazi Germany. However, upon being handed over to the commanding officers on Borkum, the prisoners were marched through the streets of the island and left vulnerable to attack by civilians. The citizens of Borkum were incited by Nazi soldiers to assault the airmen. In addition to inciting the crowd, many of these soldiers were found guilty of participating in the assault. Following the march, the American airmen were shot and executed at the hands of the German soldiers. Scholars point to the "decree" of Joseph Goebbels' propaganda as one potential inspiration for the massacre. Shortly after the incident the island came under British occupation. From this occupation, an intelligence report was filed and followed up on through an investigation by a United States Army Intelligence Corps unit. Trial Following the British occupation of Borkum, a more substantive investigation was conducted by a United States Army Intelligence Corps team. With this background, the Borkum Island war trial itself took place at Ludwigsburg Palace between February 6 and March 22, 1946 in the case of U.S. v Kurt Goebell et al. The court found all accused guilty of "common criminal design" and some members guilty of unlawful murder. The trial was conducted by a combination of American and German defense counsels. Each American counsel was assigned defense of three groups of officers, soldiers, and civilians. The German counsel members were assigned one defendant each. Accusations Charges were brought against 23 German persons and others who could not be located for the crimes against the seven United States airmen. While 23 individuals were accused of wrongdoing, only 15 could be identified by name and tried in court. Of the crowd that abused the soldiers, not all could be identified, named, and brought before the court. The charges stated that the accused had "willfully, deliberately, and wrongfully, encouraged, aided, abetted, and participated in a violation of the laws of war by the killing of and by assault upon the named seven person who were then surrendered prisoners of war in the custody of the then German Reich". Trial The prosecution demonstrated that the American soldiers' march had been deliberately planned by the Wehrmacht soldiers on Borkum. With the route's plan in mind, the prosecution argued that the route had exposed the soldiers to a maximum potential for violence from civilians. Additionally, eyewitness testimony was brought forth. Civilians at the march stated, guards "constantly beat and kicked the fliers throughout the march." In terms of logistics, the trial was conducted in English and then translated into German, and back again. Additionally, the trial was open to those in the public and press, which both American and German journalists attended. Much like other war crimes of the era, the verdicts were handed down in verdicts of either guilty or not guilty, in this case for the counts of murder and assault.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BELSEN WAR CRIMES TRIAL ARTIFACTS

Lot #516 (Sale Order 612 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Belsen War Crimes Trails artifacts to include 1) PASS TO THE TRAILS. Named pass to Lieutenant A. H. Watson of the Royal Army. The date of the pass is October 18th, 1945 and is serial numbered 6854. 2) Press release photo of the Belsen trails titled "Beast of Belsen" Trail The Dock. and dated 9/17/45. Keystone Photo Shows: A view from the balcony of the court at Lunesburg. Looking down on the dock sit during trail today. As last miniute preparation the numbers of seats are being marked. 3) Two envelopes (one with letter) of the soldier who attended the trail. The Belsen trial was one of several trials that the Allied occupation forces conducted against former officials and functionaries of Nazi Germany after the end of World War II. The Belsen trial took place in Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Germany in 1945 and the defendants were men and women of the SS as well as prisoner functionaries who had worked at various concentration camps, notably Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen. The trial generated considerable interest around the world, as the public heard for the first time from some of those responsible for the mass murder in the eastern extermination camps. Some later trials are also referred to as Belsen trials. First trial The defendants were 45 former SS men, women and kapos (prisoner functionaries) from the Bergen-Belsen and Auschwitz concentration camps. Josef Kramer had been camp commandant at Bergen-Belsen and before that at Auschwitz. Of the other defendants, 12 were kapos, 16 female SS members and 16 male SS members. Although the SS was an all-male organisation, women were able to enlist as members of the SS-Gefolge, a form of civilian employee. One prisoner functionary, Ladislaw Gura, who was also an SS member under arrest, was found to be too ill to stand trial after the trial had started. Three others had been excluded from the list of indicted for the same reason before the trial began. Three SS members had been shot trying to escape after the British took over the camp and one had committed suicide. Out of a total of 77 camp personnel arrested by the British in April, another 17 had died of typhus by 1 June 1945. Next to Kramer, the most high-profile defendants were Fritz Klein, who had been camp doctor at Belsen, and Franz Hössler, deputy camp commandant. Elisabeth Volkenrath had been Oberaufseherin (head warden or supervising wardress) at Auschwitz, before she came to Belsen. Many of the defendants had arrived in Bergen-Belsen only after February 1945, some as late as two days before liberation. However, most had been active in similar functions in other concentration camps before that. The trial took place before a British military tribunal. The judges were Major-General H.M.P. Berney-Ficklin (presiding), Brigadier A. de L. Casonove, Colonel G.J. Richards, Lt.-Colonel R.B. Moriush and Lt.-Colonel R. McLay. C.L. Stirling was Judge Advocate. Colonel T.M. Backhouse, Major H.G. Murton-Neale, Capt. S.M. Stewart and Lt.-Col. L.J. Genn were Counsel for the Prosecution. Counsel for the Defence were also members of the British Army — in the case of the five Polish defendants a Polish officer, Lt. Jedrezejowicz. As this was a military court, it was legally based on the Regulations for the Trial of War Criminals made under Royal Warrant of 14 June 1945.[6] All the charges related to international law, which applied at the time the crimes were committed, so this was not a case of retroactive justice.[5] Due to the nature of the court, the only charges that could be brought were war crimes and crimes against citizens of the Allied countries. "Crimes against humanity" and "crimes against peace", which featured in the later trials at Nuremberg, were not among the charges at Lüneburg. Overview of the trial The trial lasted 54 days in court. It began on 17 September with the indictment and the opening speech for the prosecution. Brigadier Glyn Hughes was the first witness for the prosecution on 18–19 September. On 20 September, the British Army screened a film they had made of the conditions at Belsen immediately after liberation. On 21 September, the court visited Bergen-Belsen. Evidence for the defence began on 8 October with the opening speech for the defendant Kramer who also testified. Closing speeches were made from 7–12 November, followed by the closing arguments by the prosecution on 13 November. Sentencing took place four days later, on 17 November 1945. Since the trial was conducted in English, translations into German and Polish were necessary. This was one of the factors that prolonged the trial, which had initially been expected to last for two to four weeks. In retrospect, the prosecution has been criticised as hasty and ill-prepared.

WWII NAZI WAR CRIMES TRIALS CAMP DACHAU PHOTOS

Lot #517 (Sale Order 613 of 952)

WWII Nazi German photographs from the Dachau trials held at Landsberg Prison. These artifacts include a rare handbook in German for the US Army titled Handbuch Vorschriften für Gefangene im War Criminal Prison No. 1 APO 61 US Army 15. MARZ 1954 INMATES Information Section Regulations For War Criminal Prison No. 1. 2) 3 original photos of one of the hangings at the Landsberg Gallows. These photos are printed on Agfa film and are four different views of the same hanging. 3) 3 original Press release photos of the Landsberg Gallows and and soon to be executed war criminal Franz Strasser. In December 1944, in Kaplitz in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (present-day Czech Republic), Franz Strasser killed two American airmen of the USAAF by shooting them with a Thompson submachine gun. They were members of a group of five airmen of the 20th Bomb Squadron who stayed with pilot Warren Woodruff when he landed their plane in a field. They had voluntarily surrendered and were taken away in a truck, accompanied by Strasser, and by Captain Karl Lindemeyer, the chief of police of the city. During Strasser's trial evidence was presented that it was Lindemeyer who killed the other three, and the court verdict suggests that the killings were originally Lindemeyer's idea. Lindemeyer committed suicide while in custody. Trial and execution On 24 August 1945, Strasser was tried in an Allied military court, which had provided a translator for him during the trial. He was found guilty and was sentenced to death by hanging at Landsberg Prison. On 10 December 1945, he was hanged and died as German Catholic priest and long-time hospital chaplain Karl Morgenschweis prayed for him. 4) Press release Photo of the caskets of SS Major General Ohlendorf and Werner Braune. During the Einsatzgruppen trial, Ohlendorf was the chief defendant, and was also a key witness in the prosecution of other indicted war criminals. Ohlendorf's apparently reliable testimony was attributed to his distaste for the corruption in Nazi Germany and a stubborn commitment to duty. The court examined Ohlendorf concerning Einsatzgruppen operations in particular. During the trial, Ohlendorf insisted that he, as a loyal Nazi, had acted properly and had done nothing wrong. He expressed no remorse for his actions, telling prosecutor Ben Ferencz that the Jews of America would suffer for what the prosecutor had done, and seemed to have been more concerned about the moral strain on those carrying out the murders than those being murdered. At the trial, Ohlendorf attempted to present the operations in the Soviet area "not as a racist programme for the annihilation of all the Jews ... but as a general liquidation order primarily aimed at 'securing' the newly won territory". Defending his actions, Ohlendorf compared Einsatzgruppen activities to the Biblical Jewish extirpation of its enemies; he likewise claimed that his firing squads were "no worse than the 'press-button killers' who dropped the atom bomb on Japan". Despite his attempts to establish moral equivalency for atrocities upon the Allies, Otto Ohlendorf was convicted of crimes against humanity and war crimes committed during World War II. He was sentenced to death in April 1948 and spent three years in detention before being hanged at the Landsberg Prison in Bavaria on 8 June 1951. Trial and conviction of Werner Braune Following the end of the war, Braune was indicted as a war criminal in the Einsatzgruppen trial that was held before the Nuremberg Military Tribunal. Braune's only defense was that he was acting under superior orders, sometimes referred to as the "Nuremberg defense". This was rejected by the court: In October 1941 he was assigned to Einsatzkommando 11b. As chief of this unit Braune knew of the Fuehrer Order and executed it to the hilt. His defense is the general one of superior orders which avails Braune no more than it does anyone else who executes a criminal order with the zeal that Braune brought to the Fuehrer Order. Various reports implicate Braune and his Kommando in the sordid business of illegal killings. The Tribunal has already spoken of the Christmas massacre of Simferopol. Braune was the leader in charge of this operation. He has admitted responsibility for this murder in unequivocal language. On 10 April 1948 Braune was sentenced to death and shortly after midnight on 7 June 1951 he was executed by hanging at the Landsberg war criminals prison. Also hanged on 7 June 1951 at Landsberg prison were six other Nazi war criminals including Otto Ohlendorf, Erich Naumann, Paul Blobel and Oswald Pohl. The Dachau trials were held for all war criminals caught in the United States zones in occupied Germany and Austria, as well as for those individuals accused of committing war crimes against American citizens and its military personnel.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAR TRIALS BOOK SS DACHAU WW2

Lot #518 (Sale Order 614 of 952)

WWII Nazi German War Crimes book SS Dachau printed in 1945. 649th Engr, Topo Batallion 7th Army, 1945. Soft cover. Condition: Very Good. 1st Edition. 67pp illustrated by absolutely horrifying, graphic, photographs. This is an original of this early report on Dachau assembled shortly after its liberation. The foreword is by Quinn; the other three sections were prepared by 7th Army units; OSS Section: PW B Section; and CIC Detachment. Includes structure of the camp, discussion of activities and experiments, a report on the citizens of the surrounding town, excerpts from diaries, and lots more. Excellent Dachau was a Nazi concentration camp opened in March 1933, which was initially intended to hold political prisoners. It is located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions factory northeast of the medieval town of Dachau, about 16 km (10 mi) northwest of Munich in the state of Bavaria, in southern Germany. After its opening by Heinrich Himmler, its purpose was enlarged to include forced labor, and, eventually, the imprisonment of Jews, German and Austrian criminals, and finally foreign nationals from countries that Germany occupied or invaded. The Dachau camp system grew to include nearly 100 sub-camps, which were mostly work camps or Arbeitskommandos, and were located throughout southern Germany and Austria.[5] The main camp was liberated by U.S. forces on 29 April 1945. Prisoners lived in constant fear of brutal treatment and terror detention including standing cells, floggings, the so-called tree or pole hanging, and standing at attention for extremely long periods.[6] There were 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands that are undocumented. Approximately 10,000 of the 30,000 prisoners were sick at the time of liberation. In the postwar years the Dachau facility served to hold SS soldiers awaiting trial. After 1948, it held ethnic Germans who had been expelled from eastern Europe and were awaiting resettlement, and also was used for a time as a United States military base during the occupation. It was finally closed in 1960. There are several religious memorials within the Memorial Site, which is open to the public.

WW2 BUCHENWALD CASE WAR CRIMES TRIALS BOOK DACHAU

Lot #519 (Sale Order 615 of 952)

This item is a great 47 page staple bound book/report on the the Buchenwald Concentration Camp Case (War Crimes Trials) held at Camp Dachau, Germany. The book was prepared by the Prosecution Staff and was published in 1947. It includes information about the history of the case as well as a charge sheet and an organizational chart of the camp. The book also includes maps, graphic photos of the inmates and photos of the defendants. The book measures 8" x 10 5/8". Excellent The Buchenwald Trial or United States of America vs. Josias Prince of Waldeck et al. (also referred as Case 000-50-9) was a war crime trial conducted by the United States Army as a court-martial in Dachau, then part of the American occupation zone. It took place from April 11 to August 14, 1947 in the internment camp of Dachau, where the former Dachau concentration camp had been located until late April 1945. In this trial, 31 people were indicted for war crimes related to the Buchenwald concentration camp and its satellite camps, all of whom were convicted. The Buchenwald Trial was part of the Dachau trials, which were held between 1945 and 1948. Background When American troops reached the concentration camps of the German Reich in the final stages of World War II, they were unprepared, partly because they were in the middle of combat, to face and trail the atrocities in the concentration camps. The care of mostly emaciated and very sick "Muselmänner" and the burial on the death marches of thousands of prisoners who perished from starvation or shooting presented a difficult task for the United States Army. Before the liberation of the Buchenwald concentration camp on 11 April 1945, the American soldiers had taken photographs after the capture of the Ohrdruf concentration camp, a subcamp of Buchenwald, that illustrate the horrific circumstances of the camp evacuation. As early as 12 April 1945 the Supreme Commander of the Allied forces, Dwight D. Eisenhower, visited the Ohrdruf concentration camp and, because of the terrible camp conditions, he asked for U.S. and British politicians, representatives of the United Nations and the U.S. press to view the camp. On 16 April 1945, 1000 people from Weimar under American command were mandated to visit Buchenwald concentration camp where they could witness the remaining traces of the mass extinction. Elsewhere nearby residents had to bury the victims from the evacuation marches. In this context, as part of the U.S. War Crimes Trial Program, a U.S. program for the instauration of legal standards and a judicial system to prosecute German war crimes, American investigators began promptly with inquiries to identify those responsible for these crimes. The perpetrators were soon caught and detained, including the last commandant of Buchenwald concentration camp Hermann Pister, who was arrested in June 1945 by American soldiers in Munich. The Command staff was interned in a prisoner-of-war camp at Bad Aibling and was interrogated shortly after the war ended in 1945 by the Counterintelligence Corps. At least 450 former Buchenwald inmates were called as witnesses, including Hermann Brill, and two truckloads of documentary material from the camp commander was used as evidence. Because of the London EAC Protocols, on 1 July 1945 the American military in Thuringia handed it over to the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD). After preliminary investigations against more than 6000 people until the fall of 1945, about 250 suspects were detained. However, witnesses were often no longer available to identify or incriminating photographs were not properly assigned; and some suspects managed to flee. Since the Soviet Union had the most victims (about 15,000) in Buchenwald compared to the other nations involved, presumably other suspects were staying in the Soviet occupation zone or were there in custody, the American military government in Germany (OMGUS) considered to leave the Soviet Union in charge of the judicial process. On 9 November 1945, the deputy military governor Lucius D. Clay submitted a proposal to the leader of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany, Vasily Sokolovsky, to transfer the Buchenwald Trial to the Soviet government. After lengthy negotiations and hesitant inspection of the investigation files, the Soviet side expressed interest in the proceeding only with respect to the mass killing in Gardelegen, where 1000 prisoners were burned alive. After the handover of the investigation of the 22 accused to the Soviet military authorities, it was agreed to perform the same procedure for the defendants in the Buchenwald concentration camp and Mittelbau-Dora, a former Buchenwald central warehouse and from October 1944 an independent concentration camp.

WWII NAZI DORA NORDHAUSEN WAR CRIMES TRIAL BOOK

Lot #520 (Sale Order 616 of 952)

This item is a great 64 page staple bound book/report on the "DORA" - Nordhausen War Crimes Trials held at Camp Dachau, Germany. The book was published in 1947 and was offered to readers by the Prosecution Staff. The book includes information about the history of the "DORA"-Nordhausen concentration camp and the crimes committed there as well as information on the Gardelegan Massacre. The book also includes maps, graphic photos and camp statistics as well as photos of the 19 SS defendants. The book measures 8 1/4" x 11 5/8". Excellent. Background Of the more than 60,000 prisoners who passed through the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp complex, with its catastrophic working and living conditions, at least 20,000 died of hunger, exposure, disease and abuse. When American troops reached Mittelbau on 11 April 1945, they found nearly 2,000 dead bodies. Only several hundred prisoners were found alive, mostly sick or dying, as the Mittelbau and its sub-camps had already been forcibly evacuated by the SS-Totenkopfverbände on April 6, 1945. During the "evacuation", approximately 36,500 prisoners were sent on death marches and over 8,000 died from starvation, exposure and summary executions. In one infamous example, about 400 prisoners led by Erhard Brauny left the Rottleberode subcamp on 4 April 1945 in a plan to move them to Neuengamme concentration camp, which was still operational. When the transport reached the town of Gardelegen, the prisoners were joined by additional "evacuation transports". The prisoners, now numbering over 1000, could be moved no further due to damaged railway lines. There they were simply murdered by their captors at Isenschnibber Barn on 13 April 1945. Investigating Team 6822, part of the U.S. War Crimes Program to create legal standards and judicial systems to prosecute Nazi crimes, quickly began to identify the perpetrators. By May 25, 1945 the investigations were complete and a report was sent to General Simpson, Supreme Commander of United States 9th Army. Many of the suspects were quickly captured and interned. Recorded testimony and photographic evidence formed the basis of the indictments. The process became complicated after the withdrawal of American forces from Thuringia on July 1, 1945, when the Mittelbau-Dora complex wound up in the Soviet occupation zone. On September 3, 1946 an exchange of detainees and evidence failed, as no Soviet military representatives appeared at a previously agreed meeting point on the frontier. Corresponding demands to the Soviet military administration remained mostly unanswered. Why Soviet authorities did not cooperate on Dora was unclear, since evidence presented to them on the Gardelegen Massacre resulted in the transfer of 22 suspects. The notebook of an American investigator indicates the possibility that due to unclear responsibilities among the Soviet investigators and their managers, they could not make a decision. Those Mittelbau-Dora suspects and evidence that were in U.S. custody were finally incorporated into the framework of the Dachau Trials. Prior to the start of the Dora Trial, 12 former members of the SS administration at Mittelbau-Dora had already been convicted of war crimes under British military jurisdiction in the Belsen Trial. There, 4 defendants were sentenced to imprisonment and 5 acquitted. Protective Custody Camp Leader Franz Hößler, commander of the Kleinbodungen subcamp Franz Stofel and his deputy Wilhelm Dörr were all sentenced to death and executed by hanging on 13 December 1945 in Hamelin prison. Josef Kollmer, the commander of Dora's SS guard battalion from October, 1943 to May, 1944, was executed in Kraków on January 28, 1948 following his conviction by Poland's Supreme National Tribunal in the First Auschwitz Trial. Former camp commandant Otto Förschner was executed by American occupation authorities in Landsberg prison on May 28, 1946 following his conviction by a US military tribunal for war crimes that occurred during his tenure as commander of the Dachau subcamp of Kaufering. His successor, former Auschwitz commandant Richard Baer was arrested by West German authorities in 1960, but died of natural causes in 1963, before he was able to appear as a defendant in the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials. Helmut Bischoff, SS security chief for the V-weapons program and commander of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) detachment in Mittelbau-Dora, was arrested by Soviet occupation forces in January, 1946 and held in military detention in East Germany, and later Siberia, until 1955. Karl Kahr, the former SS Camp Physician, was not charged due to his relatively good reputation among the prisoners. He became a witness for the prosecution in the Dora Trial.

MALMEDY TRAIL REPORT BOOK BY DIETRICH ZIEMESSEN

Lot #521 (Sale Order 617 of 952)

1st edition stiff wrappers Fine sm. 8vo. 44pp., b/w pls., plan, Interesting Revisionist account of the 1946 trial of those responsible for the massacre of American POWs in Belgium which resulted in the awarding of 43 death sentences. Author claims that the convictions were obtained based on confessions under torture. Malmedy massacre The Malmedy massacre was a series of killings committed by members of Kampfgruppe Peiper, part of the 1st SS Panzer Division, against American prisoners of war and Belgian civilians during the Battle of the Bulge. Although the killing of over 80 American POWs near Baugnez was the primary subject of the eventual trial, it was only one of a series of war crimes committed by Kampfgruppe Peiper between mid-December 1944 and mid-January 1945. In total, over 750 POWs were murdered, mostly executed at close range by gunshots to the head (though the eventual U.S. Senate investigation would tally the official total at 362 POWs and 111 civilians). Most of the testimony provided by the survivors stated that about 120 Americans from the 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion (FAOB), were surprised by the German armored advance on Baugnez, and surrendered. They were then gathered in a field near the Baugnez crossroads, at which time the SS troops fired on their prisoners with machine guns. Several SS prisoners later testified that a few of the prisoners had tried to escape. Others claimed that a few of the prisoners had recovered their previously discarded weapons and fired on the German troops as they continued their progress toward Ligneuville. Of the 84 bodies recovered a month later, most showed wounds to the head, seemingly much more consistent with a deliberate massacre than with self-defense or with injuries inflicted on prisoners who were attempting to escape. As soon as the SS machine gunners opened fire, the American POWs panicked. Some tried to flee, but most were shot where they stood. A few sought shelter in a café at the crossroads. The SS soldiers set fire to the building, and shot all who tried to escape the flames. Some in the field had dropped to the ground and pretended to be dead when the shooting began. However, SS troops walked among the bodies and shot any who appeared to be alive. On January 13, 1945, American forces secured the areas where the killings occurred. The bodies were recovered on January 14 and January 15, 1945, with the cold weather preserving the evidence and keeping the bodies and their wounds mostly intact. The autopsies revealed that at least twenty of the victims had suffered fatal gunshot wounds to the head, inflicted at very close range. These were in addition to wounds made by automatic weapons. Another 20 showed evidence of small-calibre gunshot wounds to the head without powder-burn residue; 10 had fatal crushing or blunt-trauma injuries, most likely from rifle butts. Some bodies showed a single wound, in the temple or behind the ear. Most of the bodies were found in a very small area, suggesting the victims had been gathered just before they were killed. Trial proceedings The trial – Case Number 6-24 (US vs. Valentin Bersin et al.) – was one of the Dachau Trials, which took place from May 16, 1946 to July 16, 1946. The defendants appeared before a military court of senior American commissioned officers. The defendants were 73 former members of the Waffen-SS, mostly from the SS Division Leibstandarte. Highest in rank were SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer Sepp Dietrich, commander of the 6th Panzer Army, his chief of staff, SS-Brigadeführer Fritz Krämer, SS-Gruppenführer Hermann Priess, commander of the I SS Panzer Corps and SS-Standartenführer Joachim Peiper, commander of the 1st SS Panzer Regiment - the core element of Kampfgruppe Peiper, which conducted the massacre. The counts of indictment related to the massacre of more than three hundred American prisoners of war "in the vicinity of Malmedy, Honsfeld, Büllingen, Ligneuville, Stoumont, La Gleize, Cheneux, Petit Thier, Trois Ponts, Stavelot, Wanne and Lutrebois", between December 16, 1944 and January 13, 1945 during the Battle of the Bulge, as well as the massacre of about one hundred Belgian civilians in the vicinity of Stavelot. The defense was directed by Colonel Willis M. Everett Jr., a lawyer from Atlanta, assisted by other American and German lawyers. The prosecution was led by Colonel Burton L Ellis. Six defendants, including Peiper, complained to the court that they had been victims of physical violence or threats of violence meant to force them to provide extrajudicial confessions. The defendants were invited to confirm the statements they had made under oath. Of the nine who testified, three had claimed mistreatment they had suffered. For most of the accused, the defense argued that they either had not participated, or had done so by obeying a superior's orders.

WWII NAZI GERMAN WAR CRIMES TRIAL CAMO DACHAU

Lot #522 (Sale Order 618 of 952)

Lot of three visitors passes to the infamous trials held at Camp Dachau Germany for people committing crimes against humanity. These three passes are part of a large grouping of the War Crimes Trials. 1) Visitors Pass Court Are Dachau, Germany and was given out by War Crimes Branch Judge Advocate Section Headquarters, Third Army US. Army. 2) Dachau War Crimes Trial pass to admit Bearer to court room, Dachau, Germany for Tuesday, 22nd November 1945 and is pass marked 127. 3) Dachau Concentration Camp Visitors Pass The bearer is authorized to enter any part of the Camp as a visitor and named to Sgt. Lotter and dated 7/16/45 from time 1350 to 1650 and is signed by Lt. Colonel A. R. Arend chief security officer. All three passes are in excellent condition. Dachau was a Nazi concentration camp opened in March 1933, which was initially intended to hold political prisoners. It is located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions factory northeast of the medieval town of Dachau, about 16 km (10 mi) northwest of Munich in the state of Bavaria, in southern Germany. After its opening by Heinrich Himmler, its purpose was enlarged to include forced labor, and, eventually, the imprisonment of Jews, German and Austrian criminals, and finally foreign nationals from countries that Germany occupied or invaded. The Dachau camp system grew to include nearly 100 sub-camps, which were mostly work camps or Arbeitskommandos, and were located throughout southern Germany and Austria. The main camp was liberated by U.S. forces on 29 April 1945. Prisoners lived in constant fear of brutal treatment and terror detention including standing cells, floggings, the so-called tree or pole hanging, and standing at attention for extremely long periods. There were 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands that are undocumented. Approximately 10,000 of the 30,000 prisoners were sick at the time of liberation. In the postwar years the Dachau facility served to hold SS soldiers awaiting trial. After 1948, it held ethnic Germans who had been expelled from eastern Europe and were awaiting resettlement, and also was used for a time as a United States military base during the occupation. It was finally closed in 1960. There are several religious memorials within the Memorial Site, which is open to the public. The Dachau trials were held for all war criminals caught in the United States zones in occupied Germany and Austria, as well as for those individuals accused of committing war crimes against American citizens and its military personnel. The trials, which were held within the walls of the former Dachau concentration camp, were conducted entirely by American military personnel whose legal authority had been conferred by the Judge Advocate General's Department within the U.S. Third Army. Dachau was established on 10 March 1933 in Dachau, roughly 12 miles North of Munich, and was liberated on 29 April 1945. The Dachau trials were held at Dachau Concentration Camp due to the camp having the facilities to hold the trials, and also because many of those prisoners who had worked there were confined to the premises. The Dachau Military Tribunal's chief prosecutor was 32 year-old William Denson, a U.S. Army lawyer. The chief defence counsel was Lieutenant Colonel Douglas T. Bates Jr., an artillery officer and lawyer from Centerville, Tennessee. Proceedings The trials started in November 1945 and were adjourned in December. They were held by the American Military Tribunal, without a jury, but instead by a panel of seven men, one of whom was versed in international military law. The prosecution was different from most trials, in that the burden of proof was on the defense. The charges to be carried out by the United States Military were against Germans such as camp guards, some SS units and medical personnel, who had taken part in war crimes against allied nationals. The Dachau Trials consisted of 465 trials from not only the Dachau concentration camp, but also Flossenbürg concentration camp, Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp complex, Nordhausen concentration camp, Buchenwald concentration camp, and Mühldorf concentration camp complex and consisted of four main categories of charges: main camp offense, subsidiary camp offenses, atrocities against downed fliers, and then a catchall category mainly consisting of details about the Malmedy Massacre. On December 13, 1947 when the trials adjourned, roughly 1200 defendants had been tried with roughly a 73% conviction rate. Unlike the International Military Trials in Nuremberg that prosecuted the major Nazi war criminals under the jurisdiction of the four Allied Occupying Powers, the Dachau tribunals were held exclusively by the United States military between November 1945 and August 1948.

WWII NAZI WAR CRIMES TRIAL AT DACHAU GROUPING WW2

Lot #523 (Sale Order 619 of 952)

Large grouping of War Crimes Trials Ephemera including 1) Concentration Camp Dachau booklet having 44 pages of the history of the Camp with graphic photos. 2) Remember That Denket Daran! Pensez-Y - Concentration Camp Dachau. A very early guide-book and remembrance of the concentration camp Dachau. Map of prison in the back. All description of the photographs and hand drawings are in three languages--English, German and French. 3) Never Again by Jamais Plus. A short report on life and suffering at the concentration camp at Dachau. This booklet was created for the dedication of the memorial at Dachau in Bavaria. It is printed in English, German, and French. Many illustrations and three fold-out maps of the camp. 4) Associated Press Release Photo of the Nazi exterminator executed. Dr. Klaus Karl Schilling, 74, Nazi physician and scientist convicted for using 1,200 Dachau concentration camp inmates to test his theories of malaria immunization as he walks towards the gallows. 5) Press release photo of a murdered US 13th Armored Division soldier after he had surrendered along with his entire crew. 6) Press Release Photo War Crimes Branch Judge Advocate Section HQ. Third US Army. Flanked by American Guards Franz Strasser 45 former Nazi District in Czechoslovakia, Leaves the War Crimes Court in the former Concentration camp Dachau Germany, August 24th, after he was sentenced to death for killing an American flier and wounding another, who had crashed landed in the Sudetenland. 9-7-45. 7) Press release photo of Dachau commandant capture of Alex Piorkowski who was later hung at Landsberg Prison. 8) Press release photo of American testifies at Malmedy massacre trial...Kenneth F. Ahrens (in the chair, left), former GI, demonstrates how victims of Malmedy massacre held hands when German SS elite guard started firing, as he testifies at trial in Dachau, Germany, May 22. In background (with numbers) are defendants/ Ahrens is from Erie, Pa. 9) Wire photo of Dachau War Crimes Trial criminals wearing numbers. 10) US Army Intelligence Notes of the Malmedy Massacre of American Prisoners. 11) Movietone press photo of Lt. Lary, one of the few survivors of Malmedy massacre points accusing finger at former German elite guard (#14) identifying him as one of the Nazis who ruthlessly murdered unarmed Americans at Malmedy during Battle of Bulge. 74 Nazis are being tried at Dachau for their participation in the massacre. 12) Stars and Stripes edition covering the SS butchers of Malmedy, 13) Black and White photo of the Guard unit covering the trials. Malmedy massacre The Malmedy massacre was a series of killings committed by members of Kampfgruppe Peiper, part of the 1st SS Panzer Division, against American prisoners of war and Belgian civilians during the Battle of the Bulge. Although the killing of over 80 American POWs near Baugnez was the primary subject of the eventual trial, it was only one of a series of war crimes committed by Kampfgruppe Peiper between mid-December 1944 and mid-January 1945. In total, over 750 POWs were murdered, mostly executed at close range by gunshots to the head (though the eventual U.S. Senate investigation would tally the official total at 362 POWs and 111 civilians). Most of the testimony provided by the survivors stated that about 120 Americans from the 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion (FAOB), were surprised by the German armored advance on Baugnez, and surrendered. They were then gathered in a field near the Baugnez crossroads, at which time the SS troops fired on their prisoners with machine guns. Several SS prisoners later testified that a few of the prisoners had tried to escape. Others claimed that a few of the prisoners had recovered their previously discarded weapons and fired on the German troops as they continued their progress toward Ligneuville. Of the 84 bodies recovered a month later, most showed wounds to the head, seemingly much more consistent with a deliberate massacre than with self-defense or with injuries inflicted on prisoners who were attempting to escape. As soon as the SS machine gunners opened fire, the American POWs panicked. Some tried to flee, but most were shot where they stood. A few sought shelter in a café at the crossroads. The SS soldiers set fire to the building, and shot all who tried to escape the flames. Some in the field had dropped to the ground and pretended to be dead when the shooting began. However, SS troops walked among the bodies and shot any who appeared to be alive. On January 13, 1945, American forces secured the areas where the killings occurred. The bodies were recovered on January 14 and January 15, 1945, with the cold weather preserving the evidence and keeping the bodies and their wounds mostly intact.

WWII NAZI WAR CRIMES TRIAL AT DACHAU GROUPING WW2

Lot #524 (Sale Order 620 of 952)

WWII US War Crimes Trials photo grouping consisting of 1) Photograph and envelope of one of the stenographers of the Dachau trials. On the back of the photo all the ladies are identified. The envelope was sent from V.N. Keller clearly stating Dachau Detachment. 2) four small black and white first generation photos of inside the courtroom. These photos measure 3 3/4 X 2 1/2 inches. 3) Seven copies of an original photo of the judges and both defense and prosecution attorneys. 4) Six photos of the security guard detachment and where they were bivouacked. Clearly showing a large Nazi eagle and where the swastika was placed an 18th Infantry DI plaque is over top of it. 5) Six photographs of inside the courtroom 6) War Crimes Security Office pass named to a Czech civilian named Karel Vojacek saying this card is issued in lieu of WDAGO 65 and that it is not transferable and is signed by the Security Commander Captain S. J. Thomas. 7) Dachau concentration camp, 1945. Dachau concentration camp, 1945 - sheet commemorating the memory of those who were murdered in the concentration camp. 8) Two Photographs of Dachau Detachment Judge Advocate Division US ETO. These photos measures 8 X 5 1/2 inches. 9) INFORMATION on the MALMEDY CASE to be Heard at Camp Dachau, Germany 2 MAY 1946. This is not a period copy of the report but still valuable for the information on the inside showing all of the defendants along with their crimes. 10) Signed copy of Jochen Peiper, Justice Denied by David G Williams. Malmedy massacre The Malmedy massacre was a series of killings committed by members of Kampfgruppe Peiper, part of the 1st SS Panzer Division, against American prisoners of war and Belgian civilians during the Battle of the Bulge. Although the killing of over 80 American POWs near Baugnez was the primary subject of the eventual trial, it was only one of a series of war crimes committed by Kampfgruppe Peiper between mid-December 1944 and mid-January 1945. In total, over 750 POWs were murdered, mostly executed at close range by gunshots to the head (though the eventual U.S. Senate investigation would tally the official total at 362 POWs and 111 civilians). Most of the testimony provided by the survivors stated that about 120 Americans from the 285th Field Artillery Observation Battalion (FAOB), were surprised by the German armored advance on Baugnez, and surrendered. They were then gathered in a field near the Baugnez crossroads, at which time the SS troops fired on their prisoners with machine guns. Several SS prisoners later testified that a few of the prisoners had tried to escape. Others claimed that a few of the prisoners had recovered their previously discarded weapons and fired on the German troops as they continued their progress toward Ligneuville. Of the 84 bodies recovered a month later, most showed wounds to the head, seemingly much more consistent with a deliberate massacre than with self-defense or with injuries inflicted on prisoners who were attempting to escape. As soon as the SS machine gunners opened fire, the American POWs panicked. Some tried to flee, but most were shot where they stood. A few sought shelter in a café at the crossroads. The SS soldiers set fire to the building, and shot all who tried to escape the flames. Some in the field had dropped to the ground and pretended to be dead when the shooting began. However, SS troops walked among the bodies and shot any who appeared to be alive. On January 13, 1945, American forces secured the areas where the killings occurred. The bodies were recovered on January 14 and January 15, 1945, with the cold weather preserving the evidence and keeping the bodies and their wounds mostly intact. The autopsies revealed that at least twenty of the victims had suffered fatal gunshot wounds to the head, inflicted at very close range. These were in addition to wounds made by automatic weapons. Another 20 showed evidence of small-calibre gunshot wounds to the head without powder-burn residue; 10 had fatal crushing or blunt-trauma injuries, most likely from rifle butts. Some bodies showed a single wound, in the temple or behind the ear. Most of the bodies were found in a very small area, suggesting the victims had been gathered just before they were killed. Trial proceedings The trial – Case Number 6-24 (US vs. Valentin Bersin et al.) – was one of the Dachau Trials, which took place from May 16, 1946 to July 16, 1946. The defendants appeared before a military court of senior American commissioned officers. The defendants were 73 former members of the Waffen-SS, mostly from the SS Division Leibstandarte.

WWII NAZI WAR CRIMES TRIAL W/ EXECUTION PHOTOS WW2

Lot #525 (Sale Order 621 of 952)

WWII Nazi War Crimes Trial grouping of the Darmstadt Trials. Items to include 1) Three original photos of the gallows in preparing for the executions. These photos measure 3 1/2 X 2 1/2 with dedications on the reverse of the photos. 2) Press photo of the executions of Johannes Seipel and Johann Opper. 3) Press photo of the execution of Friedrich Wust along with Sgt. John C. Wood who was his hangman. 4) Press photo of the hearing of the death warrant of Joseph Hartgen the last of the five to be executed that day. This photo was taken just before he was executed. 5) Two Signal Corps photos of the gallows of the Darmstadt executions. 6) Signal Corps photo of the execution of Philipp Gutlich 7) Signal Corps photo of the execution of Philipp Gutlich just as he drops from the gallows. 8) After the battle magazine with an article to the interior about the murders at Russelsheim. The Rüsselsheim massacre was a war crime that involved the lynching and killing of six American airmen by townspeople of Rüsselsheim during World War II. The incident happened on August 26, 1944, two days after a Consolidated B-24 Liberator bomber of the United States Army Air Forces was shot down by heavy anti-aircraft fire over Hanover. Nine crew members (Sergeant William A. Dumont, Belly Gunner; Sergeant Sidney Eugene Brown, Tail Gunner; Sergeant Elmore L. Austin, Left Waist Gunner; Sergeant William A. Adams, Nose Gunner; Staff Sergeant Thomas D. Williams Jr., Radio Operator; Staff Sergeant Forrest W. Brininstool, Engineer; Flight Officer Haigus Tufenkjian, Navigator and Bombardier; Second Lieutenant John N. Sekul, Co-Pilot and Second Lieutenant Norman J. Rogers, Jr., Pilot) of the aircraft parachuted to the ground, where they were captured and held by German Luftwaffe personnel. Unable to transfer the downed aircrewmen to a prisoner-of-war camp due to the train tracks being heavily damaged by bombing the night before, the Americans were forced to march through the devastated town of Rüsselsheim to catch another train. The townspeople, already angered by damage caused to their town by an RAF bombing raid the previous night on the Opel automobile factory, which was manufacturing airplane parts during the war, started attacking the unarmed crew members with rocks, hammers, sticks, and shovels, which resulted in the deaths of six of their number. Background During World War II, Rüsselsheim, an industrial town that housed many key targets, including the Opel plant, was bombed several times by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The RAF followed a policy of "area bombing" of cities at night while the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) relied on "precision bombing" by day. Shot down On the afternoon of August 24, 1944, an American B-24 bomber named Wham! Bam! Thank You Ma'am, commanded by 2nd Lt. Norman J. Rogers Jr, was shot down while taking part in an attack on an airfield in Hanover and the crew parachuted down near Hutterup. One lookout alerted both the local fire brigade and the military detachment at the nearby airfield and patrols were dispatched to find the downed Americans. One of the nine airmen, Staff Sgt. Forrest W. Brininstool, had serious flak injuries to his abdomen. After landing on the farm, he was given first aid by an elderly couple and in return, Brininstool gave them his silk parachute, a valuable item for peasants. Within a few hours, most of the crew were captured by German personnel and taken into an interrogation room in the town hall in Greven. After that, most of the crew members, including Rogers, were taken to an air base near the town where they slept for the night. Brininstool was taken to a medical clinic where he was operated on for shrapnel wounds, then was moved to a hospital in Münster to undergo a second operation. The next morning, Brininstool still remained behind in the hospital while the others were loaded onto a train for a trip south to the Dulag Luft in Oberursel, north of Frankfurt. At every stop along the way, after German civilians noticed the Americans on the train, crowds would form at the windows, shouting in anger at the "terror fliers" and shaking their fists, spitting on the windows. On the night of August 25, the RAF sent 116 Avro Lancasters to Rüsselsheim in order to attack the Opel factory on a bombing mission, dropping 674 2,000-lb bombs and more than 400,000 incendiaries on the city, destroying the plant and damaging the railtracks, more by far than any previous air raid on Rüsselsheim in World War II. Towards the end of the bombing raid, a German air raid warden, Joseph Hartgen, mobilized residents in Rüsselsheim to put out the fires in their homes. Lynching In the morning of August 26, most of the American bomber crewmembers were still proceeding to their original destination.

WWII WAFFEN SS BUTCHER OF BUCHENWALD ARTWORK WW2

Lot #526 (Sale Order 622 of 952)

WWII Nazi German SS-Hauptsturmführer Dr. Hans Eisele, the notorious Butcher of Buchenwald original artwork. The first piece is a country setting and probably his home measuring 9 1/2 X 13 inches and is signed in the lower left hand corner. The piece of artwork depicts his view of Landsberg Prison. this piece measures 8 X 11/2 inches and shows the interior view of Landsberg Prison in 1946. To the lower left is the inscription "He're Hitler was writing his famous book "My Battle" and he're was my stay as American gaurd, exactly to look during the night and during the day that all the Nazi-prisoners save until hanging their short being life. But "Not Guilty" are. I know it for sure Dr. Witteler, Dr. Eisele and Dr. Puhr 190 189 195". The numbers 190, 189 and 195 of course corresponds to those doctors cell numbers. Personal life and joining the SS Eisele, Dr. Hans. “Hannes” born 13-03-1913 in Donaueschingen, whereas his father Hans was a church painter-laborer, his mother Emma Bullinger a housefrau. Eisele came from a modest background. Even before Hans Senior passed away in 1934, young Hannes supported his family by taking on part time painting jobs. The situation of the family worsened significantly due to inflation of currency during the twenties. After attending the grammar school in Donaueschingen, he studied medicine in Freiburg in 1931. In 1933 he joined both the Nazi Party (member number 3,125,695) and the SS (member number 237,421). He was married with Hedwig and had three children, Armin and Siegelinde. Doctor Hannes Eisele was of pure Aryan stock, his “Aryan Certificate” said as much. It listed the names, places and dates of birth (and death) of both sets of grandparents. Where necessary, the certificate explained causes of death–vital information to a Third Reich which monitored racial purity. In January 1940, Eisele joined the Waffen-SS and was for a short time in the Mauthausen concentration camp, then from February to August 1941 in Buchenwald concentration camp. He served as camp doctor, and murdered 300 prisoners suffering from tuberculosis. He also did experimental surgery, sometimes without anesthesia and with a fatal outcome; in addition, he abused and tortured patients. Then he was in the concentration camp Natzweiler and in June 1942 employed in the SS hospital in Prague. Furthermore, he did service with the SS Division Das Reich under command of SS Gruppenführer Werner Ostendorff on the Eastern Front. In February 1945 he was sent to Dachau concentration camp, where he served under the First Camp Physician SS-Obersturmbannführer Fritz Hintermayer SS Obersturmbannführer Fritz Hintermayer was condemned to death and was hanged in the Landsberg Prison on 29-05-1946, age 34 Eisele was arrested by U.S. forces in April 1945. On 13-12-1945, Eisele was tried in the Dachau main trial for his participation in three executions for which he had issued the death certificates. He was sentenced to death. After commutation of the sentence to a life sentence on 11-04-1947, he was in the Buchenwald main trial , tried again and received together with twenty co-defendants the death penalty. However, the basic conviction against Eisele proved dubious and uncertain, so that four of the eight military judges submitted an application that the judgment be converted by the reviewing body to a ten-year sentence, which was granted. During his detention in prison for war criminals Landsberg, he wrote an extensive defense titled Audiatur et altera pars in which he denied the allegations and represented himself as a convinced Christian, who had always been a physician only for the sake of others. In contrast, numerous witnesses of his crimes were former concentration camp prisoners, and sometimes even former SS members. But after another penalty reduction, Eisele, on 26-02-1952, was released from prison. Crimes in the concentration camps In January 1940, Eisele joined the Waffen-SS, transferring to Mauthausen concentration camp, and from February to August 1941 in Buchenwald concentration camp. He served as a camp doctor, and murdered 300 prisoners suffering from tuberculosis. He also performed experimental surgery, sometimes without anaesthesia and/or with fatal outcome; in addition, he abused and tortured patients. After transferring to Natzweiler concentration camp, he joined the SS hospital in Prague in June 1942. He subsequently transferred to the SS Division Das Reich on the Eastern Front for military duty. In February 1945 he was sent to Dachau concentration camp, where he served under the First Camp Physician Fritz Hintermayer. He was arrested by U.S. forces in April 1945.

WWII PERSONAL GUARD PHOTO & LETTER OF DR. EISELE

Lot #527 (Sale Order 623 of 952)

WWII Nazi German SS-Hauptsturmführer Dr. Hans Eisele, the notorious Butcher of Buchenwald personal guard photo and letter. The multiple page letter in parts reads "They took us by truck up to the large prison. We were locked in for 48 hours couldn't go no place no even outside. We are guarding prisoners you know those that they are trying in court in Nuremberg. well after they are found guilty they send them here to be hung. There mostly SS guys and doctors. Maybe you have heard of some of them. Dr. Schilling the guy who made experiments with Malaria and used people instead of animals to experiment with. He is 74 years old. They are all supposed to hang except three. They hung one of them about a week ago. I didn't get to see it but I'm going to try and see the next one. We have to guard these prisoners so that they don't commit suicide. We 1 each have five cells. We have to walk up + down in front of them and this old Dr. Schilling another Dr. takes sleeping pills at night because they say they can't sleep. Just lately they found 14 of them under his pillow or somewhere. He was going to take them all at once I guess after he found out if he was going to be hung for sure. So now when we give him his pills we make him swallow them then shine a light in his mouth to see if he took it or not" The photo shows Pfc. C. J. Petrune at Landsberg Prison and was taken in February of 1946. The artwork of the previous lot was given to him by Dr. Eisele. Personal life and joining the SS Eisele, Dr. Hans. “Hannes” born 13-03-1913 in Donaueschingen, whereas his father Hans was a church painter-laborer, his mother Emma Bullinger a housefrau. Eisele came from a modest background. Even before Hans Senior passed away in 1934, young Hannes supported his family by taking on part time painting jobs. The situation of the family worsened significantly due to inflation of currency during the twenties. After attending the grammar school in Donaueschingen, he studied medicine in Freiburg in 1931. In 1933 he joined both the Nazi Party (member number 3,125,695) and the SS (member number 237,421). He was married with Hedwig and had three children, Armin and Siegelinde. Doctor Hannes Eisele was of pure Aryan stock, his “Aryan Certificate” said as much. It listed the names, places and dates of birth (and death) of both sets of grandparents. Where necessary, the certificate explained causes of death–vital information to a Third Reich which monitored racial purity. In January 1940, Eisele joined the Waffen-SS and was for a short time in the Mauthausen concentration camp, then from February to August 1941 in Buchenwald concentration camp. He served as camp doctor, and murdered 300 prisoners suffering from tuberculosis. He also did experimental surgery, sometimes without anesthesia and with a fatal outcome; in addition, he abused and tortured patients. Then he was in the concentration camp Natzweiler and in June 1942 employed in the SS hospital in Prague. Furthermore, he did service with the SS Division Das Reich under command of SS Gruppenführer Werner Ostendorff on the Eastern Front. In February 1945 he was sent to Dachau concentration camp, where he served under the First Camp Physician SS-Obersturmbannführer Fritz Hintermayer SS Obersturmbannführer Fritz Hintermayer was condemned to death and was hanged in the Landsberg Prison on 29-05-1946, age 34 Eisele was arrested by U.S. forces in April 1945. On 13-12-1945, Eisele was tried in the Dachau main trial for his participation in three executions for which he had issued the death certificates. He was sentenced to death. After commutation of the sentence to a life sentence on 11-04-1947, he was in the Buchenwald main trial , tried again and received together with twenty co-defendants the death penalty. However, the basic conviction against Eisele proved dubious and uncertain, so that four of the eight military judges submitted an application that the judgment be converted by the reviewing body to a ten-year sentence, which was granted. During his detention in prison for war criminals Landsberg, he wrote an extensive defense titled Audiatur et altera pars in which he denied the allegations and represented himself as a convinced Christian, who had always been a physician only for the sake of others. In contrast, numerous witnesses of his crimes were former concentration camp prisoners, and sometimes even former SS members. But after another penalty reduction, Eisele, on 26-02-1952, was released from prison. Crimes in the concentration camps In January 1940, Eisele joined the Waffen-SS, transferring to Mauthausen concentration camp, and from February to August 1941 in Buchenwald concentration camp. He served as a camp doctor, and murdered 300 prisoners suffering from tuberculosis.

WAR CRIME TRIAL MALMEDY PROSECUTOR ARCHIVE

Lot #528 (Sale Order 624 of 952)

Incredible, historically significant archive of documents, papers, journals, notes, and scrapbooks belonging to US Army Colonel Burton F. Ellis. Col. Ellis was the lead prosecutor and chief trial counsel during the war crimes trial for the infamous Malmedy Massacre for the US Army's War Crimes division. Ellis supervised over 900 soldiers involved in the investigation, interviewing, interrogating, and prosecuting 73 German soldiers accused of shooting 82 US Army soldiers who were taken prisoner and disarmed on 17 December, 1944. Thanks to the work of Col. Ellis and his subordinates, 43 members of Combat Group Peiper were sentenced to be executed (though some were later pardoned). The Malmedy Massacre became something of a turning point in World War II, after which, Allied forces became more aggressive when confronting Wehrmacht SS troops. The murder of unarmed American Prisoners of War was reenacted during the trials under Ellis' command, and this grouping contains photos of these reenactments. It also contains a number of "V-Mail" and letters which he sent to his wife from Dachau during the process of the trials. This grouping contains approximately 30 original photos, some taken by Ellis himself, and others presumably were used during the process of the trials and are stamped on the back "FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY NOT FOR PUBLICATION" Highlights include several photos of the massacre reenactment, as well as pictures of Nazi concentration camp and SS defendants in war crimes trials. There are original court documents on which Ellis himself kept notes during the sentencing, including one paper on which he has drawn a gallows and a noose beside the names of Nazis who had received a death sentence. This grouping also includes two scrapbooks filled with newspaper clippings which mention Ellis, Peiper, the Malmedy Massacre, and these newspaper clippings are noted as having come from all over the world. The grouping spans the entire life, including the post-war years, of Burton F. Ellis and there are personal letters sent by Ellis to close friends and family members up to the 1990s wherein he describes his distaste for his Army superiors' handling of the trials, indicating he disagreed with the postwar congressional review of his work with War Crimes trials. The grouping additionally contains a number of publications recalling the Malmedy Massacre, the trial of Ilse Koch, the "Bitch of Buchenwald," and the Dachau Concentration Camp trials which were held separate from the Nuremburg Trials, all of which were assisted by Col. Ellis. Lastly, there is a small wooden placard with Col. Ellis' name on it, and the address "745" - this sign is presumed to be his office or quarters sign during the trials. There is an immense amount of archival material here, and too much to list each piece individually, but it is a trove of historically significant information relating to one of the most infamous episodes of war crimes committed by comabt soldiers during World War II. Biography of B.F. Ellis Burton French Ellis was born in Troy, Idaho on September 13, 1903. The family moved in 1904 and Ellis spent his childhood and school years between Lewiston, Idaho, Spokane, Washington, Manchester, Iowa, Humphrey, Idaho, and ranches in Montana. He attended the University of Idaho from the early 1920s, taking time off between semesters to work in the oil fields of California. He was a member of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity and continued to support the organization as well as the U of I Foundation throughout his life. He graduated from the U of I with a BA and LLB in 1929 and moved to Los Angeles where he continued course work in law and accounting. While living in Los Angeles, he met and married Dee Hoffman, a native of Kansas City, Missouri. Burton Ellis was employed by the Texas Company as a tax attorney from 1929 to 1942, living in Los Angeles until 1938 when he was transferred to New York City. He had previously been active in the R.O.T.C. program during college and joined the National Guard in California and New York City until 1942 when he took official military leave and joined the Air Corps as a 1st Lieutenant. After training, he was transferred to Miami Beach and Atlantic City where he taught International and Military Law and was the Assistant Staff Judge Advocate. From 1943 to 1944, Mr. Ellis served with the Army Air Forces in the China, Burma, and India Theater as the Assistant Staff Judge Advocate. In 1945, after more training in the legal department of the Army, he was sent to France and Germany with the Army War Crimes Branch. He assumed responsibility over all of the investigative teams operating in Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Luxemburg, and the Netherlands. In 1946, Ellis became the Chief Trial Counsel for the Malmedy Massacre war crime case after the Battle of the Bulge.

WWII PRESS COPY 740TH TANK BATTALION UNIT HISTORY

Lot #529 (Sale Order 625 of 952)

WWII US 740th Tank Battalion unit history titled Daredevil Tankers The Story of the 740th Tank Battalion United States Army. This was the personal pre press copy of Lt. Colonel George Kenneth Rubel and has a nice dedication to his wife to the inside cover. This book was printed by Muster-Schmidt Ltd., Werk Gottingen, Germany, 1945, size 6" x 8 1/2", 335 pages. This is an exceptional unit history! A scarce overseas 1st ed. history of the battalion, which participated in the Battle of the Bulge, afterwards continued fighting in Belgium and Germany. Contents include a lengthy and detailed narrative history of the battalion accompanied by numerous photographs and illustrations, color map plates, tipped in color images of the Silver Star, Bronze Star and Purple Heart at awards and decorations pages, brief remembrances, full roster with home addresses, etc.Gives the actual citations for the numerous Silver Star and Bronze Star awards. Purple Hearts include the many wounded, plus those wounded a second and third. Decorations listed include the lengthy roster of those entitled to wear the Distinguished Unit Citation Badge awarded to Company C for action in support of the 119th Infantry Regiment.In Memorial pages list the killed in action and died of wounds. This is about as useful and complete a unit history as one could find. The book still has the cover and is in near mint condition. On November 12, Lt. Col. George K. Rubel took command of the 740th Tank Battalion. A wiry, 40-ish professional soldier from Phoenix, Arizona, Rubel was a battle-hardened veteran of the North Africa campaign. He immediately set out to turn his battalion into the best tankers in the U.S. Army. While Camp Bouse had few CDLs, there were plenty M4 Sherman tanks to go around, as well as piles of 75mm main gun ammunition. Rubel started his training program with the basics of driving and firing, day and night, over the roughest terrain. Everyone learned to drive a tank. The entire battalion qualified with pistols, carbines, rifles, and Thompson submachine guns. Tankers lived on their iron chariots, learning to maintain the machines as if their lives depended on them. All winter long the battalion trained. When time came to take the Individual Tank Crew Test, the 740th passed with an average score of 83.73 percent, the highest record in the armored force at the time. Top-shooting gunners even competed for an $80 prize offered for the best crew qualification score. The unit was determined to do everything first and to do it better than anyone else. Out in the sprawling Arizona maneuver area the men built a dummy minefield, infiltration course, and even a mock city. First to run the infiltration course was Lt. Col. Rubel, shouldering a 31-pound machine gun while bullets snapped inches from his head. The outfit learned to work as a combined arms team. Mortarmen quickly learned their trade, while service company drivers practiced delivering rations at night using map and compass. Drawing on his own combat experience, Lt. Col. Rubel insisted that all tanks fight with the hatches open instead of buttoned up as armored force doctrine prescribed. “Everyone looked for targets,” Rubel later wrote, “and if they didn’t see the enemy first they didn’t live.” This practice paid many dividends later.

WWII KREIS LEVEL POLITICAL LEADER'S BROWN SHIRT

Lot #530 (Sale Order 626 of 952)

A light tan, cotton twill construction, waist-length service shirt featuring a lay-down collar and five button front closure. The shirt has two pleated patch breast pockets with scalloped button-down flaps and buttons identical, although smaller, to those on the front closure. The quadruple darted sleeves have fold-back French cuffs with dual button closures for the removable buttons. All of the buttons are embossed with an eagle astride a static swastika, and all retain the majority of their finish. Four vertical belt loops are to the exterior waistband. Three sets of two, elasticized, button-holed tabs are to the interior waistband. Comes with Unterabteilungsleiter Kreis level Administrative collar tabs but armband has been removed. Tabs are hand stitched to the collar. Chest is roughly a 34". Nice shirt. Uniform and headgear regulations for Nazi political leaders were addressed as early as 1920, with the standard headgear at that time being a Kepi-style cap. The political uniform and headgear regulations subsequently underwent numerous modifications, and in January of 1934 a visor cap and uniform, based on the army style, was introduced for wear. The NSDAP was structured in four ascending levels of government, consisting of the "Ortsgruppe," the "Kreisleitung," the "Gauleitung," and the "Reichsleitung," with each group being distinguished by a specific color of piping on the collar tabs and visor cap.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSDAP WALL FLAG OR BANNER WW2

Lot #531 (Sale Order 627 of 952)

Multi-piece cotton construction banner approximately 27 x 28 inches. To both its red fields are sewn white disks, with a printed mobile swastikas in black. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall very excellent condition. Probably one of the most recognizable pieces of insignia associated with the Nazi regime is the swastika flag. Utilized by pretty much by all the organization of the Third Reich in one form or another. The swastika, (a Sanskrit word meaning "well being"), is an ancient symbol that was utilized in numerous diverse cultures and signified both the cycle of life and the sun. The swastika was also a Nordic rune and the pagan Germanic symbol for Thor, God of Adventurers. During WWI the swastika began to represent national and anti-Semitic leanings in such organizations as the Thule society and other German nationalistic movements and later, assorted Freikorps groups. In the midsummer of 1920 Hitler adopted the swastika as the premier symbol of the NSDAP. In "Mein Kampf", Hitler states that although numerous party members had proposed the swastika and red, black and white as the party emblem and colors it was he himself who came up with the final design. The flag itself was adopted as the national flag of Germany after Hitler's rise to power in 1933.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOT OF THREE BADGES SA HJ HEER

Lot #532 (Sale Order 628 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of three items to include 1) HJ SHARPSHOOTER'S SILVER BADGE. Roughly 27mm diameter, slightly convexed, two piece, die stuck alloy construction badge with a multi-colored enamel and nickel/silver plated finish. Badge features a recessed, embossed outer oak-leaf wreath encompassing four concentric "target" rings on a black enamel background field with a separate, raised, HJ diamond superimposed over crossed rifles affixed riveted to the center. The HJ diamond features semi-translucent red enamel field to top and bottom quarters and white enamel fields to the side quarters, with a central black canted enamel swastika. Reverse of the badge is well marked with embossed RZM logo with dual circular borders and manufacturers code, "M1/102" indicating manufacture byFrank & Reif of Stuttgart. Badge is complete with its original combined pin and catch assembly intact to reverse. Of Note: From its institution in 1938 until the end of 1943 it is alleged that 31,904 Sharpshooter Badges were awarded. Also Of Note: The series of HJ shooting badges was expanded with the introduction of a Master Shooters Badge in December 1941. This higher class badge required ten shots in each of the same four positions as the Sharpshooters badge but with a higher degree of accuracy. In 1936 Reichsjugendführer Baldur von Schirach established a HJ Firearms School in Obermatzfeld Thuringia to stimulate expertise in firearm handling and to further the para-military training of the HJ. Shortly after the establishment of the HJ Firearms School von Schirach instituted a Marksman’s Badge for HJ members who had proven their proficiency with firearms, followed in 1938 by the establishment of a Sharpshooter’s Badge for HJ members and a new Marksman’s Badge for DJ members with each badge having different award criteria. The HJ Sharpshooters badge was awarded to HJ members over the age of sixteen for proficiency in target shooting, with small caliber rifles. Qualification for bestowal of the badge consisted of the accurate results of ten shots fired from a unsupported prone position, ten shots from a supported prone position, ten shots from a unsupported kneeling position, and an additional ten "rapid fire" shots from a standing position. 2) CASED COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL OF 1ST OCTOBER 1938. Roughly 31mm diameter, die struck alloy award with a bronze wash. The obverse of the award features two embossed figures symbolically breaking the chains of bondage with an unfurled national flag in the background and a high relief national eagle to the bottom. The reverse features embossed Latin script to the center, "1 Oktober 1938", encompassed by additional embossed script, "Ein Volk, Ein Reich, Ein Führer" (One People, One State, One Leader). The suspension loop and medal ring are both intact and the award comes complete with a roughly 35mm wide, 9cm long, piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. The ribbon is still very nice and clean and has a brass pin back device hand-stitched to the top reverse edge. The award comes housed in its original, roughly 10cm x 5cm x 2cm softwood and pressed cardboard construction issue case with a simulated grained burgundy leather covering with an impressed, gilt printed national eagle to the center of the fold back top lid. The reverse of the case has a magnetic staggered bar hinge and the obverse has a magnetic spring activated closure button. The interior of the case has a burgundy flocking lining to the bottom with a raised bar with a central cut-out to secure the award in place. The interior top lid is lined in white satin. Satin lining is loose, but would be an easy fix. Decent untouched example. The Commemorative Medal of 1ST October 1938 was the second of the "Anschluss" (Union/Annexation), medal series and was introduced on October 18TH 1938, for award to civilians and military personnel who participated in the "return" of the Sudetenland to Germany. The award followed the same design as the earlier, "13TH März" medal, that commemorated the annexation of Austria into Greater Germany. The Sudetenland, with over three million German inhabitants, was a section of Bohemia that had been awarded to Czechoslovakia in 1919 by the treaty of Saint Germain en Laye signed between Austria and the allies at the end of WWI. 3) KREISKONGRESS BARTENSTEIN 1934 TINNIE. Badge is in the form of a canted swastika in the background with a seated eagle to the front. Comes complete with a horizontal safety pin to the reverse.

WWII JAPANESE FLAG SOVINEER OF 6th NIGHT FIGHTER

Lot #533 (Sale Order 629 of 952)

This WWII Japanese national flag is from the 6th Night Fighter Squadron of the 5th Air Force. Silk flag measures 24X39 inches and depicts a P-61 Black Widow to the center of the rising sun. Flag is named to James Abernathy who was stationed at Johnson Army Air Base in 1947-48 out of Tokyo Japan. In each corner of the flag is a unique insignia. Top left, 5th Air Force patch, top right, Far East Air Force patch, lower left Squadron insignia of the 6th Night Fighter and finally lower right the Squadron insignia of the 339th Fighter Squadron ALL WEATHER. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor destroyed the squadron's 18 P-36As on the line at Wheeler Field, none of the aircraft survived. It was re-equipped with some P-40C Warhawks that were shipped in from the states and the squadron resumed air defense flights in the surrounding waters. It was moved to Kahuku Army Air Field in the northern part of the Island of Oahu as a dispersal move in August 1942 where it continued its air defense mission, moving to Kipapa Airfield in November. At Kipapa, the P-40 Warhawks were replaced with Douglas P-70s and the squadron was redesignated as the 6th Night Fighter Squadron in January 1943. After training in night interception operations in Hawaii, The squadron was deployed to the South Pacific Area and began combat operations in February 1943 from Carney Airfield, Guadalcanal, in an attempt to intercept high-flying Japanese night raiders. The P-70s, however didn't have the speed to intercept the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Zero, and two Lockheed P-38F Lightnings equipped with radar as single seat night fighters were assigned to the squadron to curb the activities of "Bedcheck Charlie", a Japanese aircraft flying nuisance sorties over Gualdacanal at night. On 20/21 March 1943, Detachment B’s P-70s failed to stop Japanese night bombers from damaging fifteen of the 307th Bombardment Group’s Consolidated B-24 Liberators and five of the 5th Bombardment Group’s Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses on the ground at Henderson Field on Guadalcanal. Eight months later, in November, enemy night bombers sank one and damaged three Allied ships at Bougainville Island. The Army Air Forces concluded from this initial experiment in night fighting that “it proved impossible to prevent the Japanese from inflicting some damage” on U.S. ground and surface forces. The 6th received its first Northrop P-61 Black Widows in early June 1944. The aircraft were quickly assembled and underwent flight testing as the pilots transitioned from the squadron's aging P-70s. The first operational P-61 mission occurred on 25 June. On 30 June 1944, the P-61 scored its first kill when a Japanese Mitsubishi G4M Betty bomber was shot down. Japanese night bombers launched a major effort to disrupt the construction of U.S. airfields on Saipan needed for the Boeing B-29 Superfortress campaign against the home islands. Flying P-61s, the 6th began defensive operations nine days after the Marines’ June 15 landing on Saipan. Enemy attackers held the initiative until new Microwave Early Warning radars linked to SCR-615 and AN/TPS-10 “Li’l Abner” height finder radars made three Japanese sorties one-way trips. In thirty-seven attempts at interception from 24 June to 21 July, the defense of the island made twenty-seven airborne radar contacts and claimed three kills. A typical Japanese aerial assault force consisted of a dozen Mitsubishi G4M Betty bombers flying twenty miles apart. P-61 crews discovered that if they could shoot down the lead bomber, the others would jettison their bombs and flee. Black Widows from the 6th and 548th Night Fighter Squadrons downed five additional enemy intruders before the attacks stopped in January 1945. The 6th flew defensive patrols to protect the B-29 bases there until the end of the war. NEAR MINT

WW1 US POSTER THE HUN HIS MARK LIBERTY BOND POSTER

Lot #534 (Sale Order 630 of 952)

About 30" by 20", "The Hun, His Mark", bold graphics. Excellent Near Mint

WWII ANTI BRITISH CHURCHILL CONFIANCE WAR POSTER

Lot #535 (Sale Order 631 of 952)

Churchill is caricatured here as a voracious octopus with tentacles grabbing key sites of British involvement in the Second World War. The tentacles are shown being amputated by the German forces and their allies. The strategic locations singled out on the map are meant to appeal to the emotions of the French people. Fresh in the public consciousness were Britain's controversial campaigns against German expansion in the French colonial sites of Dakar and Mers-el-Kébir, which left many Frenchmen dead. Poster measures 31 X 47 inches and overall in Excellent condition

WW1 BRITISH PIGEON CARRIER & MESSAGE FAMED OFFICER

Lot #536 (Sale Order 632 of 952)

WW1 US Army Signal Carrier Pigeon Message Capsule and message. The message is dated 8/22/18 and is to Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred Osman then Major Osman. The message reads "H 13 D 45 HAVE TAKEN LONG KILL A.A.A. REINFORCEMENTS REQUIRED A.A.A." The message was sent at 9:31am and carrier is made out of aluminum and is in excellent condition. The carrier pigeon message capsules open to allow a message to be concealed and attached to the leg of a carrier pigeon. These messages were the difference between life and death in many circumstances. Over 100,000 birds were used and 95% of them were successful in delivering messages to their destination. Not only were the pigeons reliable but they were fast, ensuring that they escaped enemy fire and passed messages on quickly due to their homing ability. Carrier Pigeons of the Racing Homer breed were used throughout both wars and 32 of these were presented with the Dickin Medal which is awarded for outstanding acts of bravery or devotion to duty displayed by animals serving within the Armed Forces or Civil Defence Units in any theater of war throughout the world. Credit for the development of a British service that rivaled the best that the continent could offer belongs to the neglected figure of Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred Osman, proprietor of a weekly newspaper called The Racing Pigeon. The Pigeon promoted competitive racing between highly trained homers and contributed to the development of a flourishing market for betting on individual birds. Volunteering in the autumn of 1914 to establish a Voluntary Pigeon War Committee (VPWC), Osman, a proud Londoner, was fully convinced that expert handling and British pluck could produce a vastly better bird than German fanciers possessed. Throughout the war, he insisted, “German birds were distinctly inferior to their British counterparts.” Yet closing the pigeon gap proved to be no simple matter. The little attention devoted to the birds in the first months of the war was largely destructive. Convinced, wrongly, that their country was seething with German spies, the British became concerned over the possibility that information about troop movements might be carried back to the Continent by avian agents of the Imperial German pigeon service, and hundreds of pigeons were killed or had their wings clipped as a result. One “Danish” pigeon fancier with a loft in the center of London was unmasked early on as a German and swiftly disappeared into an English jail. Osman—who insisted on serving throughout the war without pay—used his high-level contacts in the fancying world to persuade leading breeders to donate birds to the British cause. By the end of 1914 he and a small team of helpers had begun not only to systematically train the birds for operational service, but also to establish a network of lofts for them to fly from. At first, Osman’s efforts were restricted to the home front; by the beginning of 1915 he had set up a chain of lofts along the east coast and was supplying birds to the trawlers and seaplanes that patrolled the North Sea. It was vital work, particularly in the first months of the war; the greatest threat that Britain faced was a German naval breakout, either to cover an invasion or to menace merchant shipping, and until wireless telegraphy became commonplace, pigeons were the only way of swiftly getting messages of enemy naval movements home. Osman trained his birds to cover distances of 70 to 150 miles as rapidly as possible, and though it was a struggle at first to convince the sailors who were issued with pigeons that they could be lifesavers (one bird found in Osman’s loft bore a trawler captain’s message “All well; having beef pudding for dinner”), early shipping losses quickly drove the message home. On land, meanwhile, the horrors of trench warfare were making the same point. It was soon found that telegraph wires running from the front back to headquarters were easily cut by artillery bombardment and difficult to restore; signalers burdened with large coils of wire made excellent targets for snipers. Nor, in the years before the development of two-way radios, was it easy for units to remain in touch on the rare occasions that they went “over the top” in a full-scale frontal assault. In desperate circumstances, pigeons were greatly valued as a last-ditch option for sending vital messages. Allied birds performed great feats in the course of the First World War. Dozens of British airmen fighting the war at sea owed their lives to the pigeons they carried in their seaplanes, which repeatedly returned to their lofts with SOS messages from pilots who had ditched in the North Sea. On land, meanwhile, Christopher Sterling notes, pigeons turned out to be conveniently immune to tear gas, then so common in trench warfare.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN & NAZI INSIGNIA LOT W/ MEDALS

Lot #537 (Sale Order 633 of 952)

WW1 Imperial and Nazi German items to include 1) Miniature Spiked Helmet Charm being about the size of a dime. 2) Wilhelm I Centenary Medal 1797-1897 (bronze gilt, 40 mm) with original ribbon. 3) Combatants Cross of Honor With Swords 1914/18. Die struck, magnetic sheet metal award with a bronze wash. The award is in the form of a cross Patté with a central circular motif featuring an embossed laurel leaf wreath encompassing the embossed dates, "1914-1918", on a smooth background field. The cross has swords emanating upwards between its arms, indicating a combatant's award. The cross’s ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. Cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbon. 4) Miniature Combatants Cross of Honor 1914/18. 5) Nazi Police 1942 Lapel Pin 6) Black Wound Badge 1939. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 90%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact. 7) Hitler Youth Clothing Diamond. A standard pattern HJ diamond insignia for wear on a wide variety of clothing. Roughly 100mm tall by 55mm wide, machine woven, vertical diamond with red top and bottom and white side quarters and a central white square with a canted black swastika. Removed from the tunic. 8) Two swastika poker chips, one red and the other blue.

WWII US AIR CORPS A-10A OXYGEN MASK SIZE 44 DATE

Lot #538 (Sale Order 634 of 952)

USAAF type A-10A demand oxygen mask, dated 4-44. The A-10A mask was a standard issue mask by 1943. This will look great with any WWII flying helmet assembly. Size Medium. Excellent. The A-10 was rushed into service in 1943 to replace the deficient A-8Bs still in use by the 8th AAF in England. By 1944 it has been superceded by the A-14. Stock code O21146.

FAMOUS FIREARM PRINTS BY HOERHLEIN COLT REMINGTON

Lot #539 (Sale Order 635 of 952)

Ten art prints of famed pistols throughout history. The prints are expertly done with six measuring 14 X 11 inches and signed Hoernlein. The guns include 1) Remington .36 Caliber Navy Revolver Model of 1861. 2) Colt Single Action Army .45 Caliber Model 1873. 3) Flintlock Pistol .60 Caliber Circa 1765. 4) H. Aston & Co. .54 Caliber Model of 1842. 5) Blissett Revolving Pistol (Pepper Box) Circa 1849. 6) Colt .36 Caliber Navy Revolver Model of 1851. 7) Black and White print commissioned by the San Francisco Gun Exchange measuring 14 X 10 inches to include Colt Peacemaker .45 cal. 1873 8) Colt Navy Model .36 cal 1851. 9) Colt Army Model .44 cal 1860 10) Colt Wells Fargo Model .31 cal. 1848. Also in the grouping are 6 black and white photos including 3 military shots with the most notable photo of two Japanese machine guns along with a BAR.

WWII LARGE SEMPER FIDELIS 1944 USMC CALENDAR WW2

Lot #540 (Sale Order 636 of 952)

Large Marine Corps calendar from the Thomas D. Murphy Co. of Red Oak Iowa the birthplace of art calendars measuring 30 X 42 inches showing a USMC landing force attacking a Japanese outpost. The artwork was done by illustrator Emmett Watson. Excellent EMMETT WATSON (1892-1955) Emmett St. Clair Watson, Jr., was born January 30, 1893 in Richmond, Virginia. His parents were Emmett and Julia B. Watson, both of whom were born in Virginia. His father was the manager of a wood & coal fuel company. Emmett Watson was the second oldest of seven siblings. They lived at 503 Miller Avenue, Brookland, VA. In 1900 the family moved to 2614 East Grace Street in Richmond, Virginia, where his father worked as a wholesale merchant. By age thirteen he had finished the sixth grade and worked full-time at a local engraving company that poduced advertising. By 1910 he was a staff artist at the company. He served as a cartographer in the U.S. Army during WWI and was stationed in France. His infantry was made famous by another regimental member, Joyce Kilmer, whose celebrated poem about their war experience, "The Rouge Bouquet," was made into a Hollywood motion picture starring James Cagney, called "The Fighting 69th." After the war he had moved to New York City to open his own art studio at 48 East 34th Street in Manhattan. His first published assignments were line drawings for advertising and interior story illustrations. On July 18, 1921 he married Marguerite Marie Elliot in the Church of the Transfiguration. The bride was born April 28, 1895 in Newark, NJ. Their son Emmett Watson III was born in 1922 and their daughter Margie was born in 1925. By 1928 he was painting covers for slick magazines, such as The Farmer's Wife, The American Legion Magazine, and Everybody's Magazine. In 1929 the Watson Family moved to Scarsdale, New York. At first they rented a home at 914 Post Road, but they later bought a home at 169 Madison Road. By 1930 the stock market had crashed and the subsequent loss of advertising revenue forced slick magazines to cut back. Emmett Watson was reduced to lower-paying freelance assignments in the pulp magazines, which ironically were entering their most profitable era. The pulps did not depend on advertising revenue, but instead sold cheap thrills to the masses. Most pulp artists aspired to "move up" to the slicks, but Emmett Watson was among a few artists, such as Albin Henning, Gayle Hoskins, and Delos Palmer, who were forced by circumstances to "step down" from the slicks to the pulps. Watson sold most of his freelance pulp covers to the Frank A. Munsey Publishing Company for Argosy, Big Chief Western, Detective Fiction Weekly, and Railroad Stories. His work for the pulps was masterful. His confident drawing style, bold compositions, and joyous color schemes were very influential, especially for the younger pulp artist, Rudolph Belarski, who worked with Watson for Argosy. By 1940 as the economy grew stronger Watson left the pulps behind and returned to working for the higher-paying slick magazines, such as The Saturday Evening Post and Progressive Farmer. During WWII he created several patriotic posters, and after the war he produced hunting and sporting illustrations for calendars, advertising, and magazines. Emmett Watson died suddenly of a heart attack at age sixty-two on May 7, 1955 in New Canaan, Connecticut.

U.S. M42 US BLACK PORCELAIN CANTEEN 1942 DATED

Lot #540a (Sale Order 637 of 952)

A one quart capacity canteen. The black enameled steel canteen is slightly concave to its reverse and retains its flat, black "Bakelite" screw cap, attached between its top and a flange brazed to the base of the neck by a 4" metal chain. A brazing line may be seen running horizontally to the canteen. Bottom is well marked "U.S. 1942" Some chipping. Very Good

WW1 US MEDAL GROUPING OF THREE MEDALS WWI

Lot #541 (Sale Order 638 of 952)

WW1 collection of three medals to include 1) Winged Victory Medal with Meuse Argonne and Defensive Sector bars in excellent condition. 2) French World War 1 Medal Croix du Guerre 1914-1918 with Regiment Star. 3) World War I Type I Peace Medal. The obverse text on this medal reads Peace and the reverse text is World War Began August 1, 1914, U.S. Entered April 6, 1917, War Ended Nov. 11, 1918, Pat. App’l’d for. The front side of the medal shows a female angel with her back facing the viewer and her hand holding a branch, reaching towards the sun in the distance, text to the lower right of the medal. The backside of the medal depicts two flags crossed at the bottom center of the coin with 6 lines of text listed above and a single line of text below.

WWII US ARMY M1941 JEEP CAP LOT OF 2 MEDIUM WW2

Lot #541a (Sale Order 639 of 952)

WWII US Army Jeep Cap lot of two. Both caps are marked size Medium and are in excellent condition with both tags present but faded. Origin The "jeep cap" was first issued by the United States Army in February 1942 during World War II. The purpose of the jeep cap was to be worn underneath the heavy combat helmets to offer soldiers both extra padding and warmth. The jeep cap was originally knitted close to the head, with a six-stitch "starfish pattern" on top (supposedly to support the webbing suspension inside the helmets), with a cuff coming out like a V from the top center of the brim and around the rest of the cap, which soldiers could pull down over their ears for even more warmth. The cap was issued in four different sizes – small, medium, large, and extra large – and made of olive drab (O.D. #3) wool; perfect examples of these original jeep caps can be found being worn by Staff Sergeant Kinchloe from the sitcom Hogan's Heroes (he wore his with the brim folded up), and Radar O'Reilly from M*A*S*H (who was seldom seen without one). Another example of characters depicted wearing the cap is the WW2 movie Stalag 17. Although made specifically for wear under the steel pot helmet, the cap alone grew to be very popular with soldiers for its casual and relaxed look and was often worn on its own, especially on night patrols. The cap was usually only issued to enlisted men, however, officers (General Patton in particular) despised the cap for its "slovenly" and "un-military" look and ordered wear of the cap without helmet to be banned and punished by a fine, with General Patton personally pulling them off a soldier's head. The cap was eventually phased out and replaced with the standardized green cloth M1943 Field Cap, as part of the newer, layered U.S. Army M-1943 Uniform. Authentic government issued The jeep cap has been continued to be manufactured by the U.S. Army, however, many significant changes have been made to the cap since the original issue. For one thing, the cap is now knitted very loose and deep so it can be pulled down even lower over a soldier's head and ears for more warmth (the cuff doesn't necessarily have to be pulled down to achieve this), and instead of the old six-stitch "starfish pattern" on top, it now features a simple, more modern four-stitch topping. The cuff is now knitted completely around the entire cap, rather than coming out like a V at the center of the brim; also gone are the days of the cap being issued in four different sizes, as modern yarns are elastic enough that they are "one-size-fits-all". Another significant change that has been made is that the cap is now manufactured in a much deeper shade of olive drab, but is also available in navy blue, and black. Probably the only thing that is the same about these and the original jeep caps are the short brims, and that they are made from knitted wool.

WWII HIMMLER SIGNED PROMOTIONAL DOCUMENT W/ FOLIO

Lot #542 (Sale Order 640 of 952)

Schutzpolizei Oberstleutnant's personally Signed by Heinrich Himmler Promotion Document With Folder. A rather elaborate and nicely executed custom wood folder for this officer's promotion document features an inlaid wood police eagle on the front cover; opens to reveal the standard heavy cream art board folder with gilt embossed national eagle emblem, and promotion document within, advancing Major der Schutzpolizei Walter Barsholt to the rank of Oberstleutnant der Schutzpolizei, dated 26 August 1942. Document is embossed with eagle insignia, has autopen Hitler signature and ink hand-signed Heinrich Himmler signature. Folder closes with leather tab and metal snap fitting. Has one ding along the bottom edge (of the wood exterior), otherwise near MINT As a member of a reserve battalion during World War I, Himmler did not see active service. He studied agronomy in university, and joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925. In 1929, he was appointed Reichsführer-SS by Adolf Hitler. Over the next 16 years, he developed the SS from a mere 290-man battalion into a million-strong paramilitary group, and set up and controlled the Nazi concentration camps. He was known for good organisational skills and for selecting highly competent subordinates, such as Reinhard Heydrich in 1931. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of German Police and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). He controlled the Waffen-SS, the military branch of the SS. Due to his lifelong interest in occultism, Himmler interpreted Germanic neopagan and Völkisch beliefs to promote the racial policy of Nazi Germany and incorporated esoteric symbolism and rituals into the SS. Himmler formed the Einsatzgruppen and built extermination camps. As facilitator and overseer of the concentration camps, Himmler directed the killing of some six million Jews, between 200,000 and 500,000 Romani people, and other victims. The total number of civilians killed by the regime is estimated at eleven to fourteen million people. Most of them were Polish and Soviet citizens. Late in World War II, Hitler briefly appointed him a military commander and later Commander of the Replacement (Home) Army and General Plenipotentiary for the administration of the entire Third Reich (Generalbevollmächtigter für die Verwaltung). Specifically, he was given command of the Army Group Upper Rhine and the Army Group Vistula. After failing to achieve his assigned objectives, Hitler replaced him in these posts. Realising the war was lost, Himmler attempted to open peace talks with the western Allies without Hitler's knowledge, shortly before the end of the war. Hearing of this, Hitler dismissed him from all his posts in April 1945 and ordered his arrest. Himmler attempted to go into hiding, but was detained and then arrested by British forces once his identity became known. While in British custody, he committed suicide on 23 May 1945.

WWII FIRE AWAY! 5th WAR LOAN POSTER V WAR LOAN 44

Lot #543 (Sale Order 641 of 952)

An original WWII War Loan Drive poster that Measures 20 X 28 inches Marked: "Fire Away!" "In Memory U.S.S. Dorado" "Buy Extra War Bonds". "Victory V for the 5th War Loan drive". Marked: "U.S. Government Printing Office: 1944-O-581636"; WFD-908-B and the artist's signature: George Schreiber '44. The image is of U.S. Navy sailors on a U.S. sub perhaps depicting the Dorado which was lost with all hands around 10/12/1943. The Dorado disappeared in the Gulf of Mexico as it was heading for the Panama Canal en-route to the Pacific. It was first believed that it was sunk by "friendly fire" when a PBY attacked an unknown sub but it was determined that the PBY actually had attacked a U-boat. After the war, it was found that a U-boat had laid mines in the area where the Dorado was lost and is believed to be the cause. NEAR MINT

4- WWII US SOLDIER PERSONAL TOILETRY ITEMS

Lot #543a (Sale Order 642 of 952)

Perfect for a foot locker display. Four pieces including a soap bar holder, military button polishing kit, a US Snakebite kit (these were commonly issued to soldiers and Marines in the Pacific Theater during World War II), a button polishing kit, and a wooden compact with a mirror inside. Very Good

WWII US ARMY NUMBERED SILVER STAR W COFFIN BOX WW2

Lot #544 (Sale Order 643 of 952)

Early WWII US Army Silver Star numbered 88494 complete with coffin box, rosette and ribbon bar. The Silver Star Medal (SSM) is the successor award to the "Citation Star" (?3/16 silver star) which was established by an Act of Congress on July 9, 1918, during World War I. On July 19, 1932, the Secretary of War approved the conversion of the "Citation Star" to the SSM with the original "Citation Star" incorporated into the center of the medal. Authorization for the Silver Star Medal was placed into law by an Act of Congress for the U.S. Navy on August 7, 1942, and an Act of Congress for the U.S. Army on December 15, 1942. The current statutory authorization for the medal is Title 10 of the United States Code, 10 U.S.C. § 3746 for the U.S. Army, 10 U.S.C. § 8746 for the U.S. Air Force, and 10 U.S.C. § 6244 for the U.S. Navy. The U.S. Army and Air Force award the medal as the "Silver Star". The U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard continue to award the medal as the "Silver Star Medal". Since 21 December 2016, the Department of Defense (DoD) refers to the decoration as the Silver Star Medal. Award criteria The Silver Star Medal is awarded for gallantry, so long as the action does not justify the award of one of the next higher valor awards: the Distinguished Service Cross, the Navy Cross, the Air Force Cross, or the Coast Guard Cross. The gallantry displayed must have taken place while in action against an enemy of the United States, while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force, or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party. The Silver Star Medal is awarded for singular acts of valor or heroism over a brief period, such as one or two days of a battle. Air Force pilots and combat systems officers and Navy/Marine Corps naval aviators and flight officers flying fighter aircraft, are often considered eligible to receive the Silver Star upon becoming an ace (i.e., having five or more confirmed aerial kills), which entails the pilot and, in multi-seat fighters, the weapons system officer or radar intercept officer, intentionally and successfully risking his life multiple times under combat conditions and emerging victorious. However, during the Vietnam War, the last conflict to produce U.S. fighter aces: an Air Force pilot and two navigators/weapon systems officers (who were later retrained as Air Force pilots), a naval aviator and a naval flight officer/radar intercept officer who had achieved this distinction, were eventually awarded the Air Force Cross and Navy Cross, respectively, in addition to SSMs previously awarded for earlier aerial kills. Unit award equivalent Air Force – Gallant Unit Citation Army – Valorous Unit Award Coast Guard – Coast Guard Unit Commendation Navy-Marine Corps – Navy Unit Commendation Appearance The Silver Star Medal is a gold five-pointed star, 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) in circumscribing diameter with a laurel wreath encircling rays from the center and a 3/16 inch (4.8 mm) diameter silver star superimposed in the center. The pendant is suspended from a rectangular shaped metal loop with rounded corners. The reverse has the inscription FOR GALLANTRY IN ACTION. The ribbon is 1 3/8 inches (35 mm) wide and consists of the following stripes: 7/32 inch (5.6 mm) Old Glory red (center stripe); proceeding outward in pairs 7/32 inch (5.6 mm) white; 7/32 inch (5.6 mm) ultramarine blue; 3/64 inch (1.2 mm) white; and 3/32 inch (2.4 mm) ultramarine blue

WW1 AMMO POUCH FOR FRENCH CHAUCHAT MACHINE GUN

Lot #545 (Sale Order 644 of 952)

WW1 French Chauchat Magazine pouch. Heavy tan canvas satchel used to carry magazines for the French Chauchat automatic rifle. On the inside of the cover flap nicely marked issue stamp dated 1917. The pouch is basically sound, showing honest service use and wear. The adjustable carrying strap is made of canvas and leather. Overall excellent The Chauchat ("Show-sha", French pronunciation: was the standard light machine gun or "machine rifle" of the French Army during World War I (1914–18). Its official designation was "Fusil Mitrailleur Modele 1915 CSRG" ("Machine Rifle Model 1915 CSRG"). Beginning in June 1916, it was placed into regular service with French infantry, where the troops called it the FM Chauchat, after Colonel Louis Chauchat, the main contributor to its design. The Chauchat in 8mm Lebel was also extensively used in 1917–18 by the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.), where it was officially designated as the "Automatic Rifle, Model 1915 (Chauchat)". A total of 262,000 Chauchats were manufactured between December 1915 and November 1918, including 244,000 chambered for the 8mm Lebel service cartridge, making it the most widely manufactured automatic weapon of World War I. The armies of eight other nations—Belgium, Finland, Greece, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Serbia—also used the Chauchat machine rifle in fairly large numbers during and after World War I. The Chauchat was one of the first light, automatic rifle-caliber weapons designed to be carried and fired by a single operator and an assistant, without a heavy tripod or a team of gunners. It set a precedent for several subsequent 20th-century firearm projects, being a portable, yet full-power automatic weapon built inexpensively and in very large numbers. The Chauchat combined a pistol grip, an in-line stock, a detachable magazine, and a selective fire capability in a compact package of manageable weight (20 pounds) for a single soldier. Furthermore, it could be routinely fired from the hip and while walking (marching fire). The Chauchat is the only mass produced fully-automatic weapon actuated by long recoil, a Browning-designed system already applied in 1906 to the Remington Model 8 semi-automatic rifle: extraction and ejection of the empties takes place when the barrel returns forward, while the bolt is retained in the rear position. Afterwards the barrel trips a lever which releases the bolt and allows it to chamber another round. The muddy trenches of northern France exposed a number of weaknesses in the Chauchat's design. Construction had been simplified to facilitate mass production, resulting in low quality of many metal parts. The magazines in particular were the cause of about 75% of the stoppages or cessations of fire; they were made of thin metal and open on one side, allowing for the entry of mud and dust. The weapon also ceased to function when overheated, the barrel sleeve remaining in the retracted position until the gun had cooled off. Consequently, in September 1918, barely two months before the Armistice of November 11, the A.E.F. in France had already initiated the process of replacing the Chauchat with the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle. Shortly after World War I, the French army replaced the Chauchat with the new gas-operated Mle 1924 light machine gun. It was mass manufactured during World War I by two reconverted civilian plants: "Gladiator" and "Sidarme". Besides the 8mm Lebel version, the Chauchat machine rifle was also manufactured in U.S. .30-06 Springfield and in 7.65×53mm Argentine Mauser caliber to arm the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.) and the Belgian Army, respectively. The Belgian military did not experience difficulties with their Chauchats in 7.65mm Mauser and kept them in service into the early 1930s, as did the Polish Army. Conversely, the Chauchat version in U.S. .30-06 made by "Gladiator" for the A.E.F., the Model 1918, proved to be fundamentally defective and had to be withdrawn from service. The weapon has a poor reputation in some quarters, with some experts assessing it as the worst machine gun ever fielded. Although this may be the case, outside of the muddy and unwieldy conditions of the trenches, many say the gun is easy to control, and the sight picture is nice. It is actually quite reliable when not jammed with mud and dirt.

GOLD MEDALS AND RING US FOREIGN SERVICE INSIGNIA

Lot #546 (Sale Order 645 of 952)

Insignia grouping of Raymond E. Mahoney who attended St. Johns College. Items to include Peter A Drury medal for highest ranking officer . On the reverse the medal is engraved "PETER A. DRURY MEDAL ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE WASH. D.C. JUNE 1931 RAYMOND E. MAHONEY. This medal in in 10k gold weighing 8 grams with a value of 208.00 2) National Guard District of Columbia Medal. Beautiful perched eagle to the front and to the reverse is engraved 1929 Novice Match 2D in Sterling. 3) S.J.C. Collar Disks. 4) Named College pin from Georgetown Foreign Service School also in 10k weighing 3.55 grams with a value of 96.00 5) Georgetown Foreign School Service class ring of 1937 weighing 11.62 grams with a value of 302.00. 6) M1902 Officer's dress belt buckle with wide spread Federal Eagle with e. pluribus unum in it's talley. 7) Sharpshooter CMTC pin. 8) Graduation pin from St. John's School on 1937. 9) Rank insignia of 2nd Lieutenant, 1st Lieutenant and Captain. There is 606.00 in scrap gold in this lot alone

LEGION OF MERIT CHIEF COMMANDER DECORATION SET

Lot #546a (Sale Order 646 of 952)

Post-Vietnam War era decoration set, complete with breast star, correct ribbon bar and lapel pin in padded blue "Arrow" brand case. United States; Sterling silver gilt with red, white, blue and green enamels, weighing 98.56 grams, illustrating a wreath of green laurel joined at the bottom by a gold bow-knot (rosette), a domed five-pointed white star bordered in crimson, points reversed with v-shaped extremities, each tipped with a gold ball, crossed arrows pointing outwards between each of the arms of the star, center with a blue disk encircled by gold clouds, with thirteen white stars arranged in the pattern that appears on the Great Seal of the United States, "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" engraved on the reverse, 74.3 mm x 71.2 mm, horizontal pinback. Accompanied by its hard shelled case of issue, marked "LEGION OF MERIT CHIEF COMMANDER" on the lid, light wear and scuffing evident on the exterior. Footnote: This order is issued to heads of state or government. However this degree was awarded by President Roosevelt to some Allied World War II theater commanders usually for joint amphibious landings or invasions (The President had this power under Executive Order 9260 of October 29, 1942 paragraph 3b). Case shows light wear and age to the lid. Excellent

MILITARY PORTABLE SMITH-CORONA TYPEWRITER

Lot #546b (Sale Order 647 of 952)

Early style portable Smith-Corona typewriter in hard two-piece metal case, with solid base and reenforced back and green buttons. Similar in style to those that were mounted inside of larger World War II era aircraft like the B-17. Consignor reports that this typewriter was received from the interior of a World War II bomber aircraft. During and after World War II, due to supply shortages, administrative equipment produced for the commercial market were purchased by the US Military and put to service. Keys function properly and there is still some ink on the ribbon. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN SAWTOOTH SHORT BAYONET

Lot #547 (Sale Order 648 of 952)

14 7/8" overall , made by Waffenfabrik Mauser a.g. Oberndorf. Wood grip is chipped. Should clean to a higher grade. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA LOT KRIEGSMARINE HJ SA

Lot #548 (Sale Order 649 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of insignia to include 1) TROPICAL PITH HELMET NATIONAL EAGLE SHIELD. The roughly, 41mm tall, 35mm wide, stamped alloy national eagle shield features a gilt washed, nicely detailed, recessed Wehrmacht style eagle with down swept wings on a black finished, background shield shape base. The Kriegsmarine version doesn’t have the raised lip to the outer edges as the army’s version. The gilt finished reverse of the shield is a mirror image of the obverse and all three soldered attachment prongs are complete. The reverse of the shield is well marked with the embossed, manufacturer’s initials and date, "G B 41", indicating manufacture by Gustav Bremmer in 1941. 2) NSKOV VISOR CAP EAGLE. 1940-45 pattern, NSKOV eagle which approximately 47mm square, in the form of a stylized eagle with down-swept wings, clutching "NSKOV" in its talons, and with that organization’s emblem superimposed to its breast. The emblem is comprised of a black mobile swastika within a circle bordered in red, the circle set against a black Iron Cross, and the Iron Cross set against a vertical sword, which has an oval oak leaf wreath surrounding it. 3) 1938 S.A. GROUP WESTMARK SPORTS COMPETITION BADGE. A stamped metal badge with a gold wash, which takes the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, 30mm wide, surmounted by an eagle with outstretched wings, giving an overall height of 53mm. Within the wreath is a nude male figure holding a shield. The stylized "SA" logo is to the center of the shield, above which is "Wettkampftage" (Competition-day), with "Gruppe Westmark," "2.-3. 7.1938," and "Koblenz" to the base. A horizontal pin-back device is soldered to the center of its unmarked, hollow-back reverse. 4) NSDStB MEMBERSHIP LAPEL PIN. A cast alloy lapel pin, in the form of an elongated diamond, 23mm tall and 15mm wide, within which is a mobile swastika. Red, black and white paint work is all complete. A vertical pin-back device is to its reverse. Nice example. 5) POLICE VISOR CAP EAGLE. Roughly, 1 3/4", (4.4cm), tall, 1 1/4", (3.2cm), wide, first pattern, (Circa April 1934-June 1936), two piece, die stamped alloy construction, police visor cap eagle with a frosted silvery/white washed finish. The nicely detailed, left facing eagle features extended, tapered, pointed tip, wings and is clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is braze mounted on an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath with the eagles wings extending beyond the outer edges of the wreath and has a roughly, 1 3/4", (4.4cm), wingspan. The detailing includes feathering to the wings, veins to the laurel leafs and a subtly pebbled field to the swastika. The insignia retains about 80% of it’s frosted silvery/white washed finish with small spots of wear to the base alloy and moderate age tarnish and some minor verdigris spotting. One of the eagle’s wings appears to have a solder repair where it overlaps the wreath. The reverse of the insignia is a mirror image of the obverse and both soldered attachment prongs are intact. The eagle has no visible manufacturer’s markings. 6) LUFTSPORT HILFT-DEUTSCHLAND TINNIE. A very nice example, complete with the pin.

WWII NAZI GERMAN TINNIE & BADGE LOT HJ NSDAP HEER

Lot #549 (Sale Order 650 of 952)

WWII Nazi German lot of tinnies and badges including KK-Gewehr rifle marksmanship badge as well as other badges from the HJ or Hitler Youth, NSDAP, DAF, RAD, Luftwaffe. Wehrmacht, WHW and the Polizei. There is a total of 41 badges and 2 Nazi stamps. All are very good

WWII NAZI GERMAN PHOTO ALBUM WITH 27 PHOTOS HEER

Lot #550 (Sale Order 651 of 952)

WWII Nazi German photo album with 27 black and white photos primarily from a member of the Wehrmacht. There is also two photos of two members of the SA wearing crusher hats. The album itself measures 9 1/2 X 7 3/4 inches.

WWII SOVIET RUSSIAN TANK POSTER 1945 DATED WW2

Lot #551 (Sale Order 652 of 952)

WWII Soviet Russian 1945 dated propaganda poster depicting three Russian women on top of a T-34 Russian tank with vibrant colors and some minor edge wear but overall excellent condition measuring 46 X 32 inches

WWII NAZI GERMAN MACHINE GUN PLAQUE FOR HEER WW2

Lot #552 (Sale Order 653 of 952)

WWII Nazi German plaque with a dedication Unserem Hptfeldw. zum 1.5.41. gew die Uffz.u.Mannichaftten 2/901. Plaque is in excellent condition measuring 8 1/4 X 6 1/4 inches with a large silver medallion to the top center and a crew firing a machine gun with the manufactures label to the reverse.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE LOT BELT BUCKLE BOOKLET

Lot #553 (Sale Order 654 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe lot to include EM/NCO'S BELT BUCKLE. 1938 pattern standard issue silver washed injection molded aluminum construction box buckle features a pebbled outer field with a central embossed high relief horizontally oval laurel leaf wreath encompassing a domed pebbled inner field with an embossed second pattern (Circa 1937/1938-1945) Luftwaffe eagle with out-stretched wings clutching a canted swastika in one talon to the center. The reverse of the buckle is a crude mirror image of the obverse including parts of the outer pebbled field and has the integral raised slotted buckle catch and the separate prong bar and prongs all intact. Maker marked GB. Very Good. 2) Fallschirmjäger Parachute packing booklet. Booklet is in excellent condition showing that the parachute for which this booklet was given was packed 4 times,

WWII NAZI GERMAN MEDAL & INSIGNIA LOT OF 7 WW2

Lot #554 (Sale Order 655 of 952)

WWII Nazi German medals and insignia lot to include 1) BLACK WOUND BADGE. 1939 pattern, die stamped, magnetic sheet metal construction, hollow backed badge with a black wash. The badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing an embossed profile of an M35 pattern helmet with a high relief, canted, swastika to the center, superimposed over crossed swords on a pebbled base field. The original black wash is retained about 50%. The reverse of the badge is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and catch all intact. 2) 1934 SAAR REUNIFICATION BADGE. (Saar Wiedervereinigung Abzeichen) Stamped metal badge with a bronze wash, in the form of a octagon. "Deutsch Ist Die Saar" (German Is The Saar) follows the contours of the badge above an eagle clutching a wreathed, mobile swastika, which is itself above a pair of clasped hands, one with broken shackles on its wrist. A stepped plaque is behind the hands, with "1934" above them, and "Des Deutschen Ehre Ist Die Treue" (The Germans’ Honor Is Their Loyalty) beneath them. "RK," undoubtedly the designer’s initials, may be seen beneath the left hand. A horizontal pin-back device is soldered to its hollow-back reverse. 3) NSKOV MEMBER'S LAPEL PIN. Badge is 30mm x 17mm die-struck alloy construction. The emblem is comprised of a mobile swastika within a circle, the circle set against an Iron Cross, and the Iron Cross set against a vertical sword, which has an oval oak leaf wreath surrounding it. Complete with pin-back device. Reverse is marked Ges Gesch. 4) SA MEMBER'S LAPEL PIN. A die-struck alloy insignia featuring the SA runes. Diameter is 15mm. Reverse is marked "M1/35" for Wachtler & Lange of Mittweida. A 50mm long vertical pin is soldered to its reverse. 5) NSRL/DRL MEMBERS’S STICKPIN. (NSRL Mitgliedabzeichen) An approximately 16mm square, stamped metal lapel pin, with a bronze wash, for members of the DRL, "Deutsches Reichsabzeichen für Leibesübungen". The pin takes the form of an eagle with a mobile swastika superimposed to its breast. Embossed to the reverse is "DRL" & is maker marked" with stylized makers logo. 6) UNKNOWN RED PATTEE STYLE CROSS. Gilded cross with fine red translucent enamel with a loop for suspension to the top. 7) FOUR PLACE LAPEL RIBBON BUTTON GROUP. Four miniature, complete with original ribbon and button device. Awards include Iron Cross Second Class, Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Order of Peter Frederick Louis, 1914-18 Cross of Honor (with swords) 25 year long service medal.

WWII NAZI NSDAP GERMAN MINT VEHICLE ID FLAG

Lot #555 (Sale Order 656 of 952)

Mint condition large 77" x 39" two piece vehicle identification flag with 4 grommets one in each corner. These flags were placed on top of German vehicles to identify these vehicles for the Luftwaffe. All 4 grommets are present. This flag is flawless and appears to have never been used.

WWII NAZI GERMAN STATE SERVICE FLAG 5X8

Lot #556 (Sale Order 657 of 952)

A 1935 pattern, double sided, printed, cotton/linen construction flag. The flag features a red base field white with a white, central, circular field with a black and white bordered, black static swastika to the center and a black bordered and accented, white NSDAP political style national eagle in the canton. The hoist edge has a small, dual-ply, reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white, tunnel looped, cotton/rayon blend bunting with the suspension rope. The flag measures approximately 5 x 8 feet. There are a few small holes and the expected light stains from use, but overall very nice condition. With a deep understanding of pageantry and symbolism, and its propaganda and psychological effectiveness, the NSDAP went to great lengths to reinforce their political party to the general populace of Germany, with repetitive slogans and the omnipresent use of the swastika. Swastikas adorned flags, banners and pennants and were utilized at every possible opportunity. Originally the State Service Flag was introduced in the Weimar era in 1921 and consisted of three horizontal bars in black, white and red with smaller horizontal bars of black, red and yellow inset in the canton with a black national eagle positioned slightly off-center. On March 13TH 1933 the first Third Reich era State Service Flag was introduced and was designated, "Dienstflagge der Reichsbehörden zur See", (Service Flag of the National Authorities at Sea), but the original designation was altered to, "Reichsdienstflagge", (State Service Flag), on June 6TH 1933. The 1933 pattern flag followed the basic design of its predecessor with three horizontal bars in black, white and red with a black national eagle positioned in the center. On October 31ST 1935 a second pattern State Service Flag was introduced and was first flown on November 7TH 1935. Regulations dictated that the State Service Flag was to be utilized by all public administrative government authorities and was to be flown on their buildings, on inland waterways and the high seas vessels and service vehicles as required. The regulations also extended use of the State Service Flag to the authorities of the Reichsbahn, (National Railways), the Reich autobahn, (National Highways), and the Reichsbank, (National Bank).

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BATTLE FLAG 100X170

Lot #557 (Sale Order 658 of 952)

Second pattern (Circa 1937/38-1945) single piece dual sided printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black, vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small dual-ply reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white tunnel looped cotton/rayon blend bunting. Nicely marked Kr. Fl. 100 x 170 and is also nicely maker marked. Nice worn and used example showing the expected age and wear. Excellent. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE BATTLE FLAG 200X335

Lot #558 (Sale Order 659 of 952)

Second pattern (Circa 1937/38-1945) single piece dual sided printed cotton/linen construction national war flag. The flag features a red base field with a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. The flag has black vertical and horizontal bars emanating from the central disk with white/black/white borders. The canton features a white/black/white bordered black Iron Cross. The hoist edge has a small dual-ply reinforcement panel to each corner. The hoist edge is trimmed in white tunnel looped cotton/rayon blend bunting for the suspension rope. The twisted suspension rope is still intact and has a closed loop to both the top and bottom edges. Nicely maker marked, size marked 200 x 335 and KM eagle over "M" marked. Scattered mothing throughout. The first modern German war flag was introduced by Kaiser Wilhelm I in July 1867. The war flag went through a number of minor modifications through the years until it reached its final design format in September 1903. The 1903 version of the Kaiserliche Kriegsflagge, (Imperial War Flag), was utilized until it was abolished after Germany’s defeat in WWI on September 27TH 1919. On April 11TH 1921 a new national war flag was introduced that utilized Hohenzollern Empire tri-colors of black, white and red, with the Weimar era, (Circa 1919-1933), national tri-colors of black, red, and gold inserted into the canton, (upper left corner), with a black Iron Cross to the center. In March 1933, shortly after Hitler gained power, he abolished the Weimar era canton insert on the national war flag. The 1933 pattern national war flag was utilized until November 7TH 1935 when Hitler introduced a new, totally redesigned, national war flag that incorporated the NSDAP’s, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), swastika emblem. Of Note: The 1935 pattern national war flag was utilized until late 1937 or early 1938, when a slightly modified second pattern flag was introduced. The national war flag was flown on all Kriegsmarine, (Navy), warships, Luftwaffe, (Air Force), airfields and all buildings owned by the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces). The flag was also to be hoisted daily at all occupied barracks and was also utilized at victory parades and special events along with the standard national swastika flag. This example is the second pattern War Flag, circa 1937/38-1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DAF WAR PRODUCTION AWARD FLAG WW2

Lot #559 (Sale Order 660 of 952)

Rare WWII Nazi German DAF flag with Kriegsverdienstkreuz Award. Exceeding rare red wool flag with a white border, DAF flag with the standard black DAF, fourteen cog wheel, emblem encompassing a central white/black/white/black bordered white disk with a black and white bordered black canted swastika to the center. To one side of the fly end a large Kriegsverdienstkreuz or War Merit Cross. These flags where given out as production awards for factories who achieved their manufacturing requirements. With the dissolution of all Free Trade Unions in Germany in May 1933 the Deutsche Arbeitsfront, (German Labor Front), was established to replace the unions and to educate the workers in industry and commerce for smooth and efficient operation of all labor in the Third Reich. In October 1934 the DAF was given official status as a sub-section of the NSDAP and in March 1936 it was recognized as an independent NSDAP affiliated association and granted control of its own monetary budget. Regulations for DAF flags were addressed in June 1934 and dictated that any DAF unit with more then two hundred personnel were authorized the use of a DAF flag. Originally the DAF flags featured the cogged wheel emblem on a white circular field, but this was altered in 1935 to show the DAF emblem with a narrow white outer border. In 1937 the DAF flag was altered again by the addition of a silver fringe to all but the hoist edge.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER ASSAULT BADGE, BRONZE WW2

Lot #560 (Sale Order 661 of 952)

Nicely detailed, die struck alloy, partially scooped backed, badge with a bronze wash. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing the forward profile of a tank. The reverse has scooped depressions to the tank barrel and body. The reverse has a crimped, soldered hinge on a scalloped rectangular base, a thin round vertical pin, and a soldered catch on a circular base plate all intact. The reverse is well marked with impressed manufacturers initials, "W", with five small dots above it and a circular border indicating manufacture by E. Ferdinand Wiedmann of Frankfurt am Main. The Panzer Assault badge in bronze was introduced by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch on June 1ST 1940 for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel who participated in three different armored assaults on three different days. The design of the badge was identical to the earlier instituted Panzer Assault Badge in silver for Panzer personnel except for the coloration.

WWII NAZI GERMAN BRONZE PANZER BADGE FRANK & REIF

Lot #561 (Sale Order 662 of 952)

Die struck alloy construction, solid backed, badge with a bronze washed finish features a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in its talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the forward, cut-out, profile of a tank. Obverse has a beautiful toned silver finish. Reverse still retains quite a bit of the original bronze finish as well. The reverse has a crimped hinge inset into a rectangle shaped recess, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch. The reverse is well marked Frank & Reif of Stuttgart. Badge is in very good condition but bronze wash is all but gone. The Panzer Assault Badge in silver was instituted by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch on December 20TH 1939 for award to all ranks of tank personnel who served as a tank commander, driver, gunner or radio operator and had been involved in three different armored assaults on three different days. The institution order indicated the criteria for award of the badge was to be effective as of January 1ST 1940. Of Note: On June 1ST 1940 a Bronze version of the Panzer Assault Badge was introduced for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel who participated in three different armored assaults on three different days. Also Of Note: By June 1943 it was realized that the Panzer Assault Badge didn’t sufficiently recognize the number of assaults participated in by armored personnel, which resulted in the introduction of the numbered Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge in both silver and bronze versions on June 22ND 1943. The numbered Special Grade of the Panzer Assault Badge were awarded with the numerals, 25, 50, 75 and 100. The numbered badges followed the basic design of their un-numbered predecessors but were larger and had the addition of an inset rectangular plate with a numeral to the bottom of the wreath

WWII NAZI HIGH SEAS FLEET WAR BADGE BY SCHWERIN

Lot #562 (Sale Order 663 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, nicely convexed, alloy construction badge with gilt and burnished silver finishes. The badge features a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings superimposed to the top center, encompassing a nicely detailed, cut-out, "face on", likeness of the battleship Bismarck cutting through waves. The solid reverse of the badge is slightly concaved. The reverse has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed designer and manufacturers names, "Fec. Adolf Bock", and "Ausf. Schwerin-Berlin", respectively. The High Seas Fleet War Badge was instituted by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder on April 30TH 1941 to recognize the actions of personnel serving on German battleships and cruisers in the battle against England. Bestowal criteria varied with the main qualification being twelve weeks of active service on a battleship or cruiser.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE PARATROOPER BADGE BY W. DEUMER

Lot #563 (Sale Order 664 of 952)

Early war production, two piece, die struck zinc award features a stylized, "diving", eagle clutching a swastika in its talons, encompassed by a vertically oval wreath. The wreath features embossed laurel leaves to the right hand side and oak-leaves to the left hand side. The badge shows nice detailing including the "feathering" to the eagle and cut-outs to the arms of the swastika. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two, small, flat headed rivets which are visible to the reverse of the badge. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. Maker marked W. Deumer of Lüdenscheid. As a result of observations of the Russian experimentation with the newly developing paratroop personnel in 1928 the Germans began serious consideration of also developing paratroop units and plans were drawn up for formation of such units in late 1935. Both the Luftwaffe and Army eventually established paratrooper units, consisting of voluntary personnel, on January 29TH 1936 and March 31ST 1937 respectively and a paratroop training school was established at Stendal in early 1937. The Paratrooper’s qualification badge was instituted by Hermann Göring on November 5TH 1936 for award to Luftwaffe personnel who had written the required tests and completed six parachute jumps. Individuals who were awarded the badge were obligated to re-qualify annually in order to retain it. On May 2ND 1944 award of the badge was extended to include Luftwaffe medical, administrative and legal personnel who had passed the required tests and completed one parachute jump. As with most other Luftwaffe qualification badges a cloth version of the paratroopers badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officers.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE DIVE BOMBERS SQUADRON CLASP

Lot #564 (Sale Order 665 of 952)

Die struck, two piece, alloy construction clasp with a gilt finish. The clasp is in the form of a central, circular, embossed, laurel leaf wreath, with a static swastika superimposed to the bottom center, encompassing a separate, cut-out, downward pointing, winged bomb. The winged bomb is secured to the clasp with a single flush rivet which is visible on the reverse. The clasp has three parallel rows of embossed oak-leaves extending horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. The clasp shows nice detailing. The reverse of the clasp has a soldered, solid type hinge, a broad tapering horizontal pin, and catch all intact. Unmarked. The reverse, bottom edge of the central laurel leaf wreath has two, small, soldered on, vertically extended arms with looped ends to secure the pendant to the clasp. The pendant is in the form of a horizontally aligned, embossed central star burst pattern flanked on each side by three, small, overlapping, horizontally extended laurel leaves The top edge of the laurel leaves have two small cut-out loops for the securing arms. Badge is maker marked “G. H. Osang Dresden.” with a 700 pendant, rare The Heavy, Medium and Dive Bombers Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on January 30TH 1941, along with two other clasps, in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. Besides the original three clasps five more Operational flying clasps were introduced between November 1941 and April 1944, and by mid-1942 many pilots and air crews were surpassing the number of Operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Reichsmarschall Herman Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights over one hundred and ten. In the case of the heavy, medium and dive bombers clasps the star burst pendant device signified four hundred operational flights. On April 29TH 1944 a numbered pendant was introduced as personnel’s operational flight numbers even exceeded the prescribed number required for the star-burst pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE RECONNAISSANCE CLASP

Lot #565 (Sale Order 666 of 952)

Die struck, two piece, alloy construction clasp. The clasp is in the form of a central, circular, laurel leaf wreath, with a static swastika superimposed to the bottom center, encompassing a left profile, stylized eagles head. The clasp has three overlapping, parallel rows of oak-leaves extend horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. The central stylized eagles head is secured to the clasp by a single, small, dome headed rivet which is visible on the reverse. The solid reverse of the clasp has its original hinge, pin and catch assembly. The Reconnaissance, Air/Sea Rescue and Meteorological Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on January 30TH 1941, along with two other clasps, in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. By mid-1942 many pilots and air crew were surpassing the number of operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights of over one hundred and ten with a prescribed number of operational flights required for award depending on the type of clasp. In the case of the Reconnaissance, Air/Sea Rescue and Meteorological clasp three hundred operational flights were necessary for the award of the star burst pendant. Of Note: Due to the ever increasing operational flights achieved by Luftwaffe personnel Göring decided to replace the sun burst pendant on April 29TH 1944 with a new numbered pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE GLIDER CLASP IN SILVER

Lot #566 (Sale Order 667 of 952)

Two piece, die struck alloy construction clasp with bright and burnished silver washed finishes. The clasp is in the form of a bright silver washed, central, circular, embossed, laurel leaf wreath, with a static swastika superimposed to the bottom center, encompassing a separate, cut-out, burnished silver washed, stylized eagle in flight clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons. The eagle is secured to the clasp with a single, small, dome headed, rivet which is visible on the reverse. The clasp has three, overlapping, parallel, rows of embossed oak-leaves extending horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. The clasp shows nice detailing. The solid reverse of the clasp has a small, soldered, barrel type hinge, a broad tapering horizontal pin, and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The clasp has no visible manufacturer’s markings. The Transport and Glider Squadron Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on on November 19TH 1941, as the fourth clasp in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. Besides the original three clasps five more Operational flying clasps were introduced between November 1941 and April 1944, and by mid-1942 many pilots and air crews were surpassing the number of Operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Reichsmarschall Herman Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights over one hundred and ten with a prescribed number of operational flights required for award depending on the type of clasp. In the case of the Transport and Glider Squadron Clasp the star burst pendant device signified five hundred operational flights. On April 29TH 1944 a numbered pendant was introduced as personnel’s operational flight numbers even exceeded the prescribed number required for the star-burst pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI LUFTWAFFE AIR TO GROUND SUPPORT CLASP

Lot #567 (Sale Order 668 of 952)

Germany, Luftwaffe. A Unit Squadron Clasp for Air to Ground Support Fighters, Silver Grade, by GH. Osang. (Frontflugspange für Schlachtflieger). Instituted on January 30, 1941 by Hermann Göring. (Instituted 1941-1945). Constructed of silvered zink, the obverse with a central laurel wreath with a set of crossed swords in the center and a static swastika on the bottom of the wreath, and with nine oak leaves on either side of the wreath, the reverse plain, with a banjo style pinback, a barrel hinge, and a flat wire catch, marked “GH. Osang, Brehmen” Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTSCHUTZ BEADED M35 HELMET

Lot #568 (Sale Order 669 of 952)

Stamped sheet steel construction, M35 style helmet with the addition of an embossed horizontal "bead" positioned at the apex of the front and rear visors and crown. The helmet retains most of its original dark blue satin finish. All three liner retaining rivets and both inset ventilation bushings are all intact. The interior of the helmet has a tan leather construction, six finger liner. Liner is size marked 55. Shell is stamped with the manufacturers code and size, "EF62" indicating manufacture by Emaillierwerk, AG Fulda, size 62. Nice original chinstrap. For some reason, the M35's in these don’t turn up very often. Very Good Formed in late 1932 the Deutsches Luftschutzverband, (German Air Protection League), was a voluntary organization designed to provide civil air raid protection in large civilian centers. Shortly after Hitler ascension to power the Deutsches Luftschutzverband was restructured and placed under the supervision of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Air Ministry), under the control of Hermann Göring. On April 29TH 1933 the Deutsches Luftschutzverband was renamed RLB, Reichs Luftschutz Bund, (National Air Raid Protection League) and was given status as an official national organization tasked with all aspects of civil air raid defence. The RLB remained a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid, full-time uniformed officials to oversee the organizations functions until June 1935 when obligatory service was introduced. Only the most basic uniform and equipment items were supplied to the cadre personnel, with the rest having to be bought personally by members. On September 26TH 1938 a specific helmet for RLB personnel was introduced that incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. These helmets commonly called the "Gladiator" style were supplemented with M35, M40 and M42 helmets that also incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. The Luftschutz also utilized a variety of captured helmets.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE M42 COMBAT HELMET WW2

Lot #569 (Sale Order 670 of 952)

Helmet retains a good portion of its rough textured Luftwaffe gray paint. Second pattern Luftwaffe eagle decal is also retained about 80%. All three liner retaining rivets intact. M31 tan leather liner is a Czech replacement. The reverse interior neck guard apron is lot number difficult to read and the interior left side apron has stamped manufacturers code and size, "ET64", indicating manufacture by indicating manufacture byEisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, size 64. The first "modern" steel helmets were introduced by the French army in early 1915 and were shortly followed by the British army later that year. With plans on the drawing board, experimental helmets in the field, ("Gaede" helmet), and some captured French and British helmets the German army began tests for their own steel helmet at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds in November, and in the field in December 1915. An acceptable pattern was developed and approved and production began at Eisen-und Hüttenwerke, AG Thale/Harz, (Iron and Foundry Works), in the spring of 1916. These first modern M16 helmets evolved into the M18 helmets by the end of WWI. The M16 and M18 helmets remained in usage through-out the Weimar Reichswehr, (National Defence Force, Circa 1919-1933), era and on into the early years of the Third Reich until the development of the smaller, lighter M35 style helmet in June 1935. In an effort to reduced construction time and labor costs minor modifications were introduced in March 1940 resulting in the M40 helmet. Further construction modifications were undertaken in August 1942 resulting in the M42 helmet. The Luftwaffe pattern national eagle was originally introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV, Deutscher Luftsportsverband, (German Air Sports Association), the clandestine, civilian, forerunner of the Luftwaffe on August 18TH 1934, and adopted for wear by the Luftwaffe on March 1ST 1935 along with the national tri-color shield for wear on the helmet. The first pattern national eagle was utilized until a modified second pattern eagle was introduced in late 1936 or early 1937. Regulations of June 12TH 1940 discontinued the use of the national tri-color decal and further regulations of August 28TH 1943 abolished the national eagle decal and dictated that it was also to be removed from all helmets although the directives were not completely adhered to.

WWII NAZI GERMAN EATING UTENSILS WAFFEN SS NSDAP

Lot #570 (Sale Order 671 of 952)

Grouping of three WWII Nazi German eating utensils to include 1) Waffen SS marked aluminum spoon measuring 6 inches in excellent condition. 2) NSDAP marked soda spoon maker marked BSF 90 to the reverse in excellent condition measuring 7 1/2 inches. 3) Wehrmacht marked aluminum mess hall dinner fork measuring 8 inches also in excellent condition. As with any nations military the Germans had garrisons and barracks to house and care for its troops when they were not in the field. Following the old adage that, "an army runs on its stomach", one of the major concerns and main benefits of military life was the guarantee of three "square" meals a day. When in garrison/barracks these meals were served in mess halls that had to be outfitted with enough cutlery, flatware and stoneware to serve the number of personnel stationed there.

ADOLF HITLER SILVERWARE PERSONAL TABLE SERVICE

Lot #571 (Sale Order 672 of 952)

Adolf Hitler – Silverware from his Personal Table Service. Group of two pieces silverware, dinner knife and soup spoon with engraved initials “AH”. Stamped manufacturer marks WELLNER PATENT 90 45. knife Ca. 21.59cm length, spoon Ca. 15.875cm length. Excellent. Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant popular support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history. Hitler's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil.

ADOLF HITLER SILVERWARE PERSONAL TABLE SERVICE

Lot #572 (Sale Order 673 of 952)

Adolf Hitler – Silverware from his Personal Table Service. Group of two pieces silverware, dinner knife and soup spoon with engraved initials “AH”. Stamped manufacturer marks WELLNER PATENT 90 45. knife Ca. 24cm length, spoon Ca. 20cm length. Excellent. Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant popular support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history. Hitler's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ADOLF HITLER LADLE BY WELLNER WW2

Lot #573 (Sale Order 674 of 952)

Adolf Hitler – Ladle from his Personal Table Service. Large Ladle with engraved initials “AH”. Stamped manufacturer marks WELLNER PATENT 90 measuring 33cm. Excellent. Adolf Hitler 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP). He rose to power as the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler was born in Austria—then part of Austria-Hungary—and was raised near Linz. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy. By November 1932, the Nazi Party had the most seats in the German Reichstag but did not have a majority. As a result, no party was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz Von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which gave him significant popular support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover Eva Braun. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned. Under Hitler's leadership and racially motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history. Hitler's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY TANK TELLER MINE 35 WW2

Lot #574 (Sale Order 675 of 952)

A sheet steel anti-tank teller mine with a convex pressure plate with a central fuze well and fuze. The mine measures approximately 12 1/2 inches in diameter. A fuze is present and is marked "RR 493-1940" along with an Waffen Amt, as well as "Sicher" (safe) and "Scharf" (arm). The mine shows 60% of the original field gray paint.. Originally developed in 1935 the Teller mine was to become the most widely used German anti-tank mine during WWII and was designed in at least four different models. The TMi42, developed in 1942, was the most common of all the Teller mine models and contained roughly eleven pounds of TNT. The TMi42 could be activated by a trip wire or pull cord or by applying roughly five hundred pounds of pressure to the top plate.

WWII NAZI GERMAN FORESTRY BUCKLE CUSTOMS LOT WW2

Lot #575 (Sale Order 676 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia grouping consisting of 1) CUSTOMS "Zollwarter" COLLAR TABS. The 1937 pattern, machine woven, bottle green rayon, construction collar tabs with a machine woven, saw-toothed, outer edge border in matte silver/aluminum flat-wire threads. The collar tabs are mounted on cardstock backings. 2) CUSTOMS ZOLLASSISTENT'S COLLAR TABS. The 1937 pattern collar tabs features a machine woven, bottle green rayon construction base with machine woven acanthus leaves to the bottom of the forward edge and a saw-toothed outer edge border in bright silver/aluminum flat-wire threads and a single, stamped, natural alloy rank pip. The collar tabs are mounted on a cardboard base. 3) CUSTOMS ZOLLASSISTENT'S SHOULDER BOARD. The 1937 pattern slip on shoulder board features dual, outer edge, alternating dark bottle green rayon and bright silver/aluminum flat-wire "V"s, encompassing four, inner, bright silver/aluminum Russian braids with evenly spaced, interwoven dark bottle green "V"s, with the gilt washed, stamped alloy, Gothic letter cyphers, "RFV", indicating Reichsfinanzverwaltung, (National Finance Administration), and a gilt washed, stamped alloy rank pip mounted on a dark bottle green wool truppenfarbe base. The narrow, green wool slip on retaining tongue is intact. The shoulder board has the addition of a narrow dark green wool strip sewn near the slip on end. 4) PRIVATE FORESTRY OFFICIAL BELT BUCKLE. It is a painted steel belt buckle and was intended for wear on a wide, officer type belt. The design is relatively simple, with a wreath of oak leaves surrounding a pebbled field. It shows almost no wear on the front, and has only minor toning from age. The reverse of this Private Forestry Official Buckle is smooth and clean. There is some slight age patination to the fitting that at one time, affixed this to a belt. The catch for the belt hook is integral to the buckle, and a few wear marks near the catch are the only real indication that this buckle was actually worn by a Forestry official. Overall, the condition of this buckle is excellent and maker marked oLc. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OFFICER DAGGER

Lot #576 (Sale Order 677 of 952)

Roughly 29cm long bright nickel/silver plated double edged drop forged steel stiletto style blade with a flat central plane. The leather washer is still intact. The dagger has a well defined, nicely detailed, cast, aluminum crossguard, ferrule and pommel. The crossguard features a stylized national eagle with down-swept wings clutching a swastika to the obverse with a random pebbled field to the reverse. The top edge of the crossguard has an ornate embossed oak-leaf pattern. The cast ferrule has a repeating, embossed oak-leaf pattern. The orb shaped pommel features an embossed oak-leaf pattern encompassing a dual encircled, canted, embossed swastika on a pebbled field background to both the obverse and the reverse. The dagger has a molded, creamy white, bakelite grip with the correct, fine, twisted silver/aluminum wire wrap inset into the diagonally angled grooves. The grip is in overall good condition with no chips or cracks. The dagger also comes complete with its original magnetic sheet steel scabbard. The scabbard features a pebbled field to both the obverse and the reverse with smooth side panels. The scabbard has an ornate, embossed, oak-leaf pattern to both the obverse and reverse of the bottom tip. The scabbard also has sweated on, alloy hanger suspension bands with an ornate, embossed, repeating oak-leaf pattern. The hanger suspension rings are both intact. The scabbards top throat has its retaining screw intact. Shows the expected age. Very Good In March 1933 the Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), was established by incorporating all civilian flying clubs into the one organization. The DLV was utilized as a camouflage civilian organization to train personnel for the future Luftwaffe. As a civilian organization it was able to circumvent the restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty, which prohibited a German military air service. In February and April 1934 respectively the DLV introduced a dagger for Officer’s and a knife for all ranks. Later in 1934 members of the Fliegerschaft, the secret military branch of the DLV, adopted both sidearms for wear. Shortly after the unveiling of the Luftwaffe in March 1935 a modified version of the DLV’s Officer’s dagger was adopted for wear by Luftwaffe Officer’s and EM/NCO’s personnel who held a valid pilots licence. On July 15TH 1937 a second pattern Luftwaffe dagger was introduced for wear by Officers, Senior Officer Candidates and Officials with the equivalent Officers ranks and the first pattern dagger was discontinued. Additional regulations of March and August 1940 extended wear of the second pattern dagger to senior NCO’s, senior reserve NCO’s and Officials with the equivalent NCO’s ranks. Blade side arm portepees and troddels were originally introduced in the Prussian army in 1808, and continued to be worn with the Dress uniform, as a tradition and identifying item through WWI, the Weimar Republic and on into the Third Reich, with minor modifications. The Luftwaffe version of the portepee was officially introduced on March 1ST 1935 and the design was based on the earlier army officers portepee.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DAGGER BY HOLLER WW2

Lot #577 (Sale Order 678 of 952)

Roughly, 29cm long, bright, nickel/silver plated, double edged, drop forged steel, stiletto style blade with a flat central plane. Maker marked to "F.W. Holler". Blade has graying to it but no pitting. The leather washer is still intact. The dagger has a well defined, nicely detailed, cast, aluminum crossguard, ferrule and pommel. The crossguard features a stylized national eagle with down-swept wings clutching a swastika to the obverse with a random pebbled field to the reverse. The top edge of the crossguard has an ornate embossed oak-leaf pattern. The cast ferrule has a repeating, embossed oak-leaf pattern. The orb shaped pommel features an embossed oak-leaf pattern encompassing a dual encircled, canted, embossed swastika on a pebbled field background to both the obverse and the reverse. The dagger has a molded, creamy white, Bakelite grip with the correct, fine, twisted silver/aluminum wire wrap inset into the diagonally angled grooves. The grip is in overall good condition with no chips or cracks. The dagger also comes complete with its original magnetic sheet steel scabbard. The scabbard features a pebbled field to both the obverse and the reverse with smooth side panels. The scabbard has an ornate, embossed, oak-leaf pattern to both the obverse and reverse of the bottom tip. The scabbard also has sweated on, alloy hanger suspension bands with an ornate, embossed, repeating oak-leaf pattern. The hanger suspension rings are both intact. The scabbards top throat has its retaining screws intact. The dagger comes with a woven silver/aluminum Portepee, tied in the correct manner. The porteppe consists of a bright interwoven silver/aluminum cord, slide, stem, crown and ball. The slide and stem are both woven with a repeating "V" pattern while the crown is in horizontally laid, twisted, bright silver/aluminum braid with the ball in vertically laid, twisted, bright silver/aluminum braid. The portepee shows wear and light age toning. Also included is its original delux pattern offers dagger hangers.

WWII NAZI GERMAN NURNBURG-RING AUTO PLAQUE WW2

Lot #578 (Sale Order 679 of 952)

Three-color enamel automobile radiator plaque for Nurnburg-Ring, with gilt finish, marked 'Ges Gesch' to reverse. Some tarnishing and light discoloration to enamel. 8x10cm in excellent condition.

WWII US LOT OF INSIGNIA PILOT WINGS SE EBY STERLG

Lot #579 (Sale Order 680 of 952)

Lot of 5 pieces of insignia including a silver wing and prop device, Aviation Technicians Badge, US Navy Medical Public Health badges in sterling, black ID bracelet and finally a 3 inch pair of pilot wings maker marked to SE Eby.

WWII NURSES ARE NEEDED NOW POSTER ARMY NURSE CORPS

Lot #580 (Sale Order 681 of 952)

Army Recruiting poster “Nurses Are Needed Now!... by Stu L. Savage 1944 measuring 12 3/4 X 19 inches and is in MINT condition. World War II At the start of the war in December 1941, there were fewer than 1000 nurses in the Army Nurse Corps and 700 in the Navy Nurse Corps. All were women. Colonel Flikke's small headquarters in 1942, though it contained only 4 officers and 25 civilians, supervised the vast wartime expansion of nurses, in cooperation with the Red Cross. She only took unmarried women age 22–30 who had their RN training from civilian schools. They enlisted for the war plus six months, and were discharged if they married or became pregnant. Due to the Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the United States entered the Pacific part of World War II. Along with this military effort was the work of the Flying Tigers in Kunming, China, under Claire Chennault. Nurses were thus needed in China to serve the U.S. Army. These nurses were recruited among the Chinese nurses residing in China, particularly the English-speaking nurses that fled Hong Kong (a British colony) to free China due to the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong on 8 December 1941. The Hong Kong nurses were trained by the Department of Medical Services (directed by Dr. Percy Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke) of the Government of Hong Kong. They took up Nursing positions at the Flying Tigers (Rebecca Chan Chung, Daisy Pui-Ying Chan), U.S. Army (Rebecca Chan Chung, Daisy Chan, Cynthia Chan), Chinese Red Cross (Elsie Chin Yuen Seetoo, Irene Yu) and China National Aviation Corporation (Rebecca Chan Chung, Irene Yu). Cynthia Chan is the elder sister of Anna Chan (Mrs. Chennault). First black nurses land in England in 1944. Only a few African American nurses were admitted to the Army Nurse Corps. Mabel Keaton Staupers, who worked for the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses with help from Eleanor Roosevelt, pressured the Army to admit African American nurses in 1941. The first black nurse admitted to the program was Della H. Raney who was commissioned as a second lieutenant in April of 1941. The limit on black nurses was 48 in 1941 and they were mostly segregated from white nurses and soldiers. In 1943, the Army set a limit on black nurses to 160. That same year, the first African American medical unit, the 25th Station Hospital Unit, was deployed overseas to Liberia. Later, nurses were deployed to Burma, where they treated black soldiers. African American nurses also served in China, Australia, New Guinea, the Philippines, England and in the US where they treated prisoners of war. By the end of the war, there were 476 serving in the corps. On 26 February 1944 Congress passed a bill that granted Army and Navy Nurses actual military rank, approved for the duration of the war plus 6 months. With over 8 million soldiers and airmen, the needs were more than double those of World War I. Hundreds of new military hospitals were constructed for the expected flow of casualties. Fearing a massive wave of combat casualties once Japan was invaded in late 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called on Congress early in 1945 for permission to draft nurses. However, with the rapid collapse of Germany early in 1945, and the limitation of the war in the Pacific to a few islands, the draft was not needed and was never enacted. By the end of the war, the Army and Army Air Forces (AAF) had 54,000 nurses and the Navy 11,000—all women. Some 217 black nurses served in all-black Army medical units. The AAF was virtually autonomous by 1942, and likewise its Nurse Corps. Much larger numbers of enlisted men served as medics. These men were in effect practical nurses who handled routine care under the direction of nurse officers. Likewise many enlisted Wacs and Wafs served in military hospitals. Medical advances greatly increased survival rates for the wounded: 96% of the 670,000 wounded soldiers and sailors who made it to a field hospital staffed by nurses and doctors survived their injuries. Amputations were seldom necessary to combat gangrene. Penicillin and sulfa drugs proved highly successful in this regard. Nurses were deeply involved with post-operative recovery procedures, air evacuation, and new techniques in psychiatry and anesthesia. Upon Flikke's retirement in 1943, she was succeeded by Florence A. Blanchfield, who successfully promoted new laws in 1947, that established the Army, Navy and Air Force Nurse Corps on a permanent basis, giving the nurses regular commissions on exactly the same terms as male officers. A month before she retired in 1947, Blanchfield became the first women to hold a regular Army commission.

WWII US ARMY NURSE UNIFORM GROUPING w HISTORY WW2

Lot #581 (Sale Order 682 of 952)

WWII Named US Army Nurse Corps trunk grouping identified to 1st Lieutenant Arlene Reuter. Most clothing articles have her name or initials in them. Items to include 1) Painted metal and wood trunk named to 2nd Lt. Arlene Reuter. 2) US Army ANC OD Chocolate Visor Hat Women Nurse Corps by Knox size 22. 3) Blue Wool Army Nurse Corps officer's overseas cap. 4) White Wool Army Nurse Corps officer's overseas cap size 23. 5) Blue Nurse's cape with D.H. initials in bullion thread and tailored by Standard Apparel Company of Cleveland Ohio. 6) Blue Nurse's cape with Mt C initials in bullion thread and tailored by Collegiate Cap and Gown Company. 7) Blue Army Nurse Corps dress uniform with 1st Lt. insignia to the shoulder. Jacket was tailored by Utah Mills Fashion of Ogden Utah and stylistically identified to the interior of the jacket. 8) Summer Beige Army Nurse Corps Uniform by Bernard Appel Inc. of Boston Mass. 9) Summer Beige Army Nurse Corps Uniform missing the removable buttons. 10) WWII ANC Dublin Ireland made chocolate brown skirt size 16 R and dated 1944. 11) Two black and white photographs of Lt. Reuter, one where she is wearing her M43 uniform outside of a hospital tent. The reverse of the photo says "I look healthy enough don't I? It's me no fooling. Home Sweet Home in Normandy Dec. 1944". The other black and white photo is of her and two other nurses after a serious accident she was involved with in North Africa. She is in a upper body, shoulder and arm cast. The reverse of the image says "Alice, Heoney, me, North Africa 1943 after my jeep accident Arlene Windhorst. Lt. Reuter spent over two years overseas. While overseas she married a man in service. All I know about him is that he was in the Signal Corps. well the problem was he was already married! and basically the word had gotten out and he committed suicide. Only knowing her husband had been in an accident, she hoped in her Jeep to go she him. It was in the evening and she couldn't see very well because of the blackout light's and crashed, breaking her back, shoulder and arm. Only after he had shot himself she found out the truth of her husband. I personally got this truck grouping from her and she told me what happened. She ended up remarrying to a man after she got back to the states where she had several children but keeping that chapter of her life hidden from her other family. Overall excellent and very historic. World War II At the start of the war in December 1941, there were fewer than 1000 nurses in the Army Nurse Corps and 700 in the Navy Nurse Corps. All were women. Colonel Flikke's small headquarters in 1942, though it contained only 4 officers and 25 civilians, supervised the vast wartime expansion of nurses, in cooperation with the Red Cross. She only took unmarried women age 22–30 who had their RN training from civilian schools. They enlisted for the war plus six months, and were discharged if they married or became pregnant. Due to the Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the United States entered the Pacific part of World War II. Along with this military effort was the work of the Flying Tigers in Kunming, China, under Claire Chennault. Nurses were thus needed in China to serve the U.S. Army. These nurses were recruited among the Chinese nurses residing in China, particularly the English-speaking nurses that fled Hong Kong (a British colony) to free China due to the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong on 8 December 1941. The Hong Kong nurses were trained by the Department of Medical Services (directed by Dr. Percy Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke) of the Government of Hong Kong. They took up Nursing positions at the Flying Tigers (Rebecca Chan Chung, Daisy Pui-Ying Chan), U.S. Army (Rebecca Chan Chung, Daisy Chan, Cynthia Chan), Chinese Red Cross (Elsie Chin Yuen Seetoo, Irene Yu) and China National Aviation Corporation (Rebecca Chan Chung, Irene Yu). Cynthia Chan is the elder sister of Anna Chan (Mrs. Chennault). First black nurses land in England in 1944. Only a few African American nurses were admitted to the Army Nurse Corps. Mabel Keaton Staupers, who worked for the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses with help from Eleanor Roosevelt, pressured the Army to admit African American nurses in 1941. The first black nurse admitted to the program was Della H. Raney who was commissioned as a second lieutenant in April of 1941. The limit on black nurses was 48 in 1941 and they were mostly segregated from white nurses and soldiers. In 1943, the Army set a limit on black nurses to 160. That same year, the first African American medical unit, the 25th Station Hospital Unit, was deployed overseas to Liberia. Later, nurses were deployed to Burma, where they treated black soldiers.

NAMED BRONZE STAR W/ SIGNED GENERAL PHOTO 7th INF

Lot #582 (Sale Order 683 of 952)

Signed General's autographed photograph with named Bronze Star to Cpl. Stanley Kowalski of the 7th Infantry Division on Okinawa. Major General Archibald Vincent Arnold presented the Bronze Star personally to him and went so far as to give him an autographed photo memorizing the event. The young Corporal is looking a little tattered, wearing his HBT shirt and M1 Carbine while wearing his M1 helmet. On his chest is this officially engraved Bronze Star in excellent condition. General A.V. Vincent: World War II At the beginning of World War II, Anrold was Chief Staff of the I Corps and commander of the 69th Field Artillery Brigade and 44th Division. Arnold was the second-in-command of the 7th Infantry Division during the Battle of the Aleutian Islands. Arnold continued serving as second-in-command of the 7th until 1944. Arnold was the commanding general of the 7th Division during the Philippines Campaign and the Battle of Okinawa. He received the Army Distinguished Service Medal for his World War II service. After the war, Arnold was made the military governor of Korea from 1945 to 1946. He served as principal American delegate to the US-USSR Joint Committee that convened in Seoul, Korea, in January 1946, and then to the US-USSR Joint Commission that followed in April 1946. The primary task of the Joint Commission was to reunite North and South Korea after it was divided by the State War Navy Coordinating Committee (SWNCC) in 1945. He retired from the Army in 1948. 7th Division Aleutian Islands Elements of the 7th Infantry Division first saw combat in the amphibious assault on Attu Island, the western-most Japanese entrenchment in the Aleutian islands chain of Alaska. Elements landed on 11 May 1943, spearheaded by the 17th Infantry Regiment. The initial landings were unopposed, but Japanese forces mounted a counteroffensive the next day, and the 7th Infantry Division fought an intense battle over the tundra against strong Japanese resistance. The division was hampered by its inexperience and poor weather and terrain conditions, but was eventually able to coordinate an effective attack. The fight for the island culminated in a battle at Chichagof Harbor, when the division destroyed all Japanese resistance on the island on 29 May, after a suicidal Japanese bayonet charge. During its first fight of the war, 549 soldiers of the division were killed, while killing 2,351 Japanese and taking 28 prisoners. After American forces secured the island chain, the 159th Infantry Regiment was ordered to stay, and the 184th Infantry Regiment took its place as the 7th Division's third infantry regiment. The 184th Infantry remained with the division until the end of the war. The 159th Infantry Regiment stayed on the island for some time longer until returning to the Lower 48, where it remained until the end of the war. American forces then began preparing to move against nearby Kiska island, termed Operation Cottage, the final fight in the Aleutian Islands Campaign. In August 1943, elements of the 7th Infantry Division took part in an amphibious assault on Kiska with a brigade from the 6th Canadian Infantry Division, only to find the island deserted by the Japanese. It was later discovered that the Japanese had withdrawn their 5,000-soldier garrison during the night of 28 July, under cover of fog. Marshall Islands After the campaign, the division moved to Hawaii where it trained in new amphibious assault techniques on the island of Maui, before returning to Schofield Barracks on Oahu for brief leave. It was reassigned to V Amphibious Corps, a US Marine Corps command. The division left Pearl Harbor on 22 January 1944, for an offensive on Japanese territory. On 30 January 1944, the division landed on islands in the Kwajalein Atoll in conjunction with the 4th Marine Division, code named Operation Flintlock. The 7th Division landed on the namesake island while the 4th Marine Division forces struck the outlying islands of Roi and Namur. The division made landfall on the western beaches of the island at 09:30 on 1 February. It advanced halfway through the island by nightfall the next day, and reached the eastern shore at 1335 hours on 4 February, having wrested the island from the Japanese. The victory put V Amphibious Corps in control of all 47 islands in the atoll. The 7th Infantry Division suffered 176 killed and 767 wounded. On 7 February, the division departed the atoll and returned to Schofield Barracks. Elements took part in the capture of Engebi in the Eniwetok Atoll on 18 February 1944, code named Operation Catchpole. Because of the speed and success of the attack on Kwajalein, the attack was undertaken several months ahead of schedule. After a week of fighting, the division secured the islands of the atoll. The division then returned to Hawaii to continue training.

WWII US ARMY 87th ARMORED JEOPARD OVERSEAS HAT DI

Lot #583 (Sale Order 684 of 952)

Fantastic WWII US Army Armored overseas cap with the very difficult to find 87th field artillery battalion DI or distinctive Insignia. Cap as well as the device is in excellent condition worthy is any WWII collection

WWII US ARMY ISSUE CRANK PHONOGRAPH RECORD PLAYER

Lot #584 (Sale Order 685 of 952)

ORIGINAL WWII US Army Issue Crank Style Phonograph 78 RPM Record Player Plaza Manufacturing Company. Works just as it look BEAUTIFULLY. Has extra needles and hand crank is also present and MINT!

WW2 US LEATHER SHOULDER PISTOL HOLSTER ENGER-KRESS

Lot #585 (Sale Order 686 of 952)

A Very Nice Example of a Vintage WWII Enger-Kress US Army Leather Shoulder Holster designated for a Colt M1911 A1 .45 ACP Pistol. Leather is in very good condition with shoulder strap included. Near MINT.

WW2 US LEATHER SHOULDER PISTOL HOLSTER ENGER-KRESS

Lot #586 (Sale Order 687 of 952)

A Very Nice Example of a Vintage WWII Enger-Kress US Army Leather Shoulder Holster designated for a Colt M1911 A1 .45 ACP Pistol. Leather is in very good condition with shoulder strap included. Near MINT.

WW2 US LEATHER SHOULDER PISTOL HOLSTER BOYT WW2

Lot #587 (Sale Order 688 of 952)

A Very Nice Example of a Vintage WWII US Boyt Army Leather Shoulder Holster designated for a Colt M1911 A1 .45 ACP Pistol. Leather is in very good condition with shoulder strap included. Near MINT.

WWII US ARMY PIGEON CARRIER PG-104/CB WW2

Lot #588 (Sale Order 689 of 952)

This is an excellent condition double signal pigeon carrier from WW2. The box measures 16 x 13 1/2 x 8 3/4 inches and is constructed of olive-green painted plywood with metal hardware and green web carrying strap. Instructions for releasing the pigeons are on a decal mounted to the inside lid. The box is designed to carry multiple pigeons. Minor wear, otherwise in excellent condition. It comes with multiple accessories including: -Rare pigeon vest PG-16/CB -Two galvanized water and feed trays Pigeon carriers from World War Two are hard to find, but ones that are in excellent condition, with original paint with original instruction decal present and these accessories are very rare. This is chance to acquire a complete set that would otherwise be nearly impossible to source piece by piece. The use of carrier pigeons as battlefield messengers dates back to the 6th Century. Cyrus, king of Persia, used carrier pigeons to keep in touch with parts of his vast empire. Julius Caesar sent messages back to Rome. During the siege of Paris in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71), Parisians used carrier pigeons to send news about developments within the city. Some carrier pigeons traveled as far as London. Based on their success, carrier pigeons were part of military warfare theory by the end of the 19th Century. The United States Army Pigeon Service, also known as the Signal Pigeon Corps, began in 1917. Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, housed the U.S. Army Pigeon Breeding and Training Center from 1917 to 1943 and again from 1946 to 1957, when the Signal Pigeon Corps was disbanded. The Center was located at Camp Crowder in southwest Missouri from October 1943 until June 1946. During World War II, the U.S. Army trained approximately 54,000 pigeons, creating a division within the Veterinary Service devoted exclusive to maintaining the health and efficiency of these winged warriors. 36,000 pigeons were deployed overseas. In addition to the United States, the United Kingdom trained more than 250,000 carrier pigeons, supplying many to individuals working behind enemy lines. In 1943, the English PDSA (People’s Dispensary for Sick Animals) Dickin bronze Medal, honoring Maria Dickin founder of the PDSA, was issued to honor animals that demonstrated “conspicuous gallantry or devotion to duty while serving or associated with any branch of the Armed Forces or Civilian Defense Forces.” Thirty-two pigeons were honored between 1943 and 1949. “G. I. Joe” is the most famous of the American pigeons honored. During the Italian Campaign of World War II, G.I. Joe was a pigeon who saved the lives of the inhabitants of the village of Calvi Vecchia, Italy, and of the British troops of 56th (London) Infantry Division occupying it. Air support had been requested against German positions at Calvi Vecchia on 18 October 1943, but the message that the 169th (London) Infantry Brigade had captured the village, delivered by G.I. Joe, arrived just in time to avoid the bombing. G.I. Joe flew this 20-mile distance in an impressive 20 minutes, just as the planes were preparing to take off for the target. He saved a thousand men. For his efforts, G.I. Joe was presented the Dickin Medal for "the most outstanding flight made by a United States Army pigeon in World War II."

WWII US AIR CORPS BRITISH MADE OFFICER'S HAT WW2

Lot #589 (Sale Order 690 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corp Aviator's theater made hat. Cap was produced by Herbert Johnson of 38 New Bond St. of London England and is roughly a size 7 in excellent condition.

WWII FIXED BAIL M1 COMBAT HELMET W/ HAWLEY LINER

Lot #590 (Sale Order 691 of 952)

WWII US Army named M1 Fixed Bail Combat Helmet with Hawley Liner. Helmet still retains the original OD3 chin straps with early furniture. The helmet was produced by McCord and has a heat lot of 88D. Inside the lid is pencil marked to the owner Willard L. Bodkin ASN 35276270. Both liner and shell are marked in the same fashion. The type 1 Hawley liner like the helmet are in excellent condition. The M1 is two "one-size-fits-all" helmets—an outer metal shell, sometimes called the "steel pot", and a hard hat–type liner that is nestled inside the shell and contains the suspension system that would be adjusted to fit the wearer's head. Helmet covers and netting would be applied by covering the steel shell with the extra material tucked inside the shell and secured by inserting the liner. The outer shell should not be worn by itself. The liner can be worn by itself, providing protection similar to a hard hat, and was often worn in such fashion by military policemen, Assistant Drill Instructors (known as AIs), and rifle/machine gun/pistol range staff, although they were supposed to wear steel at the range.[citation needed] The liner is sometimes worn in U.S. military ceremonies and parades, painted white or chromed. The depth of the helmet is 7 inches (180 mm), the width is 9.5 inches (240 mm), and length is 11 inches (280 mm), the thickness is 1/8" (3 mm), The weight of a World War II–era M1 is approximately 2.85 pounds (1.29 kg), including the liner and chinstrap.

WWII USN M1 COMBAT HELMET W/ CAMO NETTING WW2

Lot #591 (Sale Order 692 of 952)

WWII US Navy M1 Fixed Bail Combat helmet with Firestone Liner. Helmet is in excellent condition retaining about 98% of the blue/gray paint. Helmet also retains the original camo netting with the shell being 230C heat stamped marked. The M1 is two "one-size-fits-all" helmets—an outer metal shell, sometimes called the "steel pot", and a hard hat–type liner that is nestled inside the shell and contains the suspension system that would be adjusted to fit the wearer's head. Helmet covers and netting would be applied by covering the steel shell with the extra material tucked inside the shell and secured by inserting the liner. The outer shell should not be worn by itself. The liner can be worn by itself, providing protection similar to a hard hat, and was often worn in such fashion by military policemen, Assistant Drill Instructors (known as AIs), and rifle/machine gun/pistol range staff, although they were supposed to wear steel at the range.[citation needed] The liner is sometimes worn in U.S. military ceremonies and parades, painted white or chromed. The depth of the helmet is 7 inches (180 mm), the width is 9.5 inches (240 mm), and length is 11 inches (280 mm), the thickness is 1/8" (3 mm), The weight of a World War II–era M1 is approximately 2.85 pounds (1.29 kg), including the liner and chinstrap.

WWII US ARMY TANK DESTROYER INSIGNIA GROUPING WW2

Lot #592 (Sale Order 693 of 952)

WWII US Army Tank Destroyer insignia lot including a grouping of patches including the 1) RARE PX CAMP HOOD TEXAS patch 2) 7 four wheel Tank Destroyer Patches, one with a silver SEEK STRIKE DESTROY pin attached to it. 3) 4 8 wheel Tank Destroyer Patches 4) 2 Tank Destroyer Center Camp Hood Texas Matchbooks, both with their complement of matches. The front of the matchbook having the insignia of the Tank Destroyers while the reverse says Buy War Bonds BLAST THE AXIS WITH TANK DESTROYERS 5) Large Tank Destroyer plate measuring 10 inches wide with the TD emblem to the center of the plate. All are in excellent condition. World War II Dedicated anti-tank vehicles made their first major appearance in the Second World War as combatants developed effective armored vehicles and tactics. Some were little more than stopgap solutions, mounting an anti-tank gun on a tracked vehicle to give mobility, while others were more sophisticated designs. An example of the development of tank destroyer technology throughout the war are the Marder III and Jagdpanzer 38 vehicle, that were very different in spite of being based on the same chassis: Marder was straightforwardly an anti-tank gun on tracks whereas the Jagdpanzer 38 traded some firepower (its Pak 39, designed to operate within the confines of a fully armored fighting compartment, fires the same projectiles from a reduced propellant charge compared to Marder's Pak 40) for better armor protection and ease of concealment on the battlefield. Except for most American designs, tank destroyers were all turretless and had fixed or casemate superstructures. When a tank destroyer was used against enemy tanks from a defensive position such as by ambush, the common lack of a rotating turret was not particularly critical, while the lower silhouette was highly desirable. The turretless design allowed accommodation of a more powerful gun, typically a dedicated anti-tank gun (in lieu of a regular tank's general-purpose main gun that fired both anti-tank and high explosive ammunition) that had a longer barrel than could be mounted in a turreted tank on the same chassis. The lack of a turret increased the vehicle's internal volume, allowing for increased ammunition stowage and crew comfort. Eliminating the turret let the vehicle carry thicker armor, and also let this armour be concentrated in the hull. Sometimes there was no armored roof (only a weather cover) to keep the overall weight down to the limit that the chassis could bear. The absence of a turret meant that tank destroyers could be manufactured significantly cheaper, faster, and more easily than the tanks on which they were based, and they found particular favor when production resources were lacking. After hard lessons early in the war, machine guns were mounted for use against infantry, but the limited traverse of the mounting meant that they were still less effective than those used on turreted tanks.

WWII US ARMY PATHFINDER JUMP WING ON FELT WW2

Lot #593 (Sale Order 694 of 952)

Original embroidered on felt pathfinder wing patch. This is a very nice desirable patch, that is very hard to find. The patch is in excellent condition ans has been removed from the uniform. Any paratrooper who completed the training was eligible to wear this patch, regardless of whether he ever made a combat jump AS a Pathfinder. Of course the actual trained signallers wore it,as well as associated Air Corps Troop Carrier crews. It was also worn by security personnel, who didn't take the PF signalling training, but who parachuted in ahead of the main body of invaders with the Pathfinders, and protected them as they performed their duties on enemy held ground. These security men, chosen from various rifle companies only a week before D-Day, were also eligible to wear the Pathfinder wing.

WWII SILK BLOOD CHIT REMOVED FROM FLIGHT JACKET

Lot #594 (Sale Order 695 of 952)

Early China Air Task Force Chit numbered 2065 measuring 7 X 9 inches and has been removed from the flight jacket. Excellent History The first blood chit may have been made in 1793 when French balloonist Jean-Pierre Blanchard demonstrated his hot air balloon in the United States. Because he could not control the direction of the balloon, no one knew where he would land. Because Blanchard did not speak English, George Washington, according to legend, gave him a letter that said that all U.S. citizens were obliged to assist him to return to Philadelphia. In World War I, British Royal Flying Corps pilots in India and Mesopotamia carried a "goolie chit" printed in four local languages that promised a reward to anyone who would bring an unharmed British aviator back to British lines. The British officer John Masters recorded in his autobiography that Pathan women in the North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955) of British India (now modern day Pakistan) during the Anglo-Afghan Wars would behead and castrate non Muslim soldiers who were captured, like British and Sikhs. In the Second Sino-Japanese War prior to World War II, foreign volunteer pilots of Flying Tigers carried notices printed in Chinese that informed the locals that this foreign pilot was fighting for China and they were obliged to help them. A text from one such blood chit translates as follows: I am an American airman. My plane is destroyed. I cannot speak your language. I am an enemy of the Japanese. Please give me food and take me to the nearest Allied military post. You will be rewarded. On the UN chit from the Korean war, it is written in Japanese that cooperators will be rewarded and should help for his own 'benefit'.

WWII NUMBERED WRAPPED BROOCH SILVER STAR BOXED WW2

Lot #595 (Sale Order 696 of 952)

WWII boxed, numbered, wrapped brooch Silver Star in mint condition. On the lower arm the Star is numbered 99403. This is a Metallic Art Company medal under an August 13, 1942 dated contract with a purchase order date of January 20, 1943. History The Silver Star Medal (SSM) is the successor award to the "Citation Star" (?3/16 silver star) which was established by an Act of Congress on July 9, 1918, during World War I. On July 19, 1932, the Secretary of War approved the conversion of the "Citation Star" to the SSM with the original "Citation Star" incorporated into the center of the medal. Authorization for the Silver Star Medal was placed into law by an Act of Congress for the U.S. Navy on August 7, 1942, and an Act of Congress for the U.S. Army on December 15, 1942. The current statutory authorization for the medal is Title 10 of the United States Code, 10 U.S.C. § 3746 for the U.S. Army, 10 U.S.C. § 8746 for the U.S. Air Force, and 10 U.S.C. § 6244 for the U.S. Navy. The U.S. Army and Air Force award the medal as the "Silver Star". The U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard continue to award the medal as the "Silver Star Medal". Since 21 December 2016, the Department of Defense (DoD) refers to the decoration as the Silver Star Medal. Award criteria The Silver Star Medal is awarded for gallantry, so long as the action does not justify the award of one of the next higher valor awards: the Distinguished Service Cross, the Navy Cross, the Air Force Cross, or the Coast Guard Cross. The gallantry displayed must have taken place while in action against an enemy of the United States, while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force, or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party. The Silver Star Medal is awarded for singular acts of valor or heroism over a brief period, such as one or two days of a battle. Air Force pilots and combat systems officers and Navy/Marine Corps naval aviators and flight officers flying fighter aircraft, are often considered eligible to receive the Silver Star upon becoming an ace (i.e., having five or more confirmed aerial kills), which entails the pilot and, in multi-seat fighters, the weapons system officer or radar intercept officer, intentionally and successfully risking his life multiple times under combat conditions and emerging victorious. However, during the Vietnam War, the last conflict to produce U.S. fighter aces: an Air Force pilot and two navigators/weapon systems officers (who were later retrained as Air Force pilots), a naval aviator and a naval flight officer/radar intercept officer who had achieved this distinction, were eventually awarded the Air Force Cross and Navy Cross, respectively, in addition to SSMs previously awarded for earlier aerial kills. Unit award equivalent Air Force – Gallant Unit Citation Army – Valorous Unit Award Coast Guard – Coast Guard Unit Commendation Navy-Marine Corps – Navy Unit Commendation

WW2 US ARMY DSC CASED MEDAL W PARATROOPER BRACELET

Lot #596 (Sale Order 697 of 952)

WWII US Army Cased Distinguished Service Cross slotted brooch with miniature DSC and a Amico STERLING marked Paratrooper bracelet all in excellent condition. World War II During World War II, just over 5,000 awards were made. Lieutenant Colonel John C. Meyer, U.S. Army Air Forces, Major General James A. Van Fleet, and Master Sergeant Llewellyn Chilson were three-time recipients. Jeannette Guyot and Virginia Hall were the only two women to receive the award. A number of recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross in earlier conflicts were again honored in World War II. Chester Hirschfelder, who as a captain with the 5th Machine Gun Battalion, 2nd Infantry Division, had received his first Distinguished Service Cross in 1918, received two more in 1944 as a colonel commanding the 9th Infantry Regiment of that same division. Three recipients of two Distinguished Service Crosses in World War I – Douglas MacArthur, Hanford MacNider and Harry H. Semmes – received their third in World War II. A handful of men who had received the Distinguished Service Cross in World War I received a second in World War II. Among these were George S. Patton Jr., whose second Distinguished Service Cross came as commanding general of the Seventh Army in Sicily, and Fred L. Walker, commander of the U.S. 36th Infantry Division in the breakout from Anzio and advance on Rome. Lieutenant General Robert L. Eichelberger, whose first Distinguished Service Cross was awarded for valor in Siberia in 1919, received a second for valor in New Guinea in the Buna campaign of 1942–43. A little over fifty soldiers (and one sailor) received two Distinguished Service Crosses in World War II. The sailor was John D. Bulkeley, who also received the Medal of Honor and the Navy Cross and was one of the most highly decorated Americans of World War II. Among Army recipients of two Distinguished Service Crosses were Creighton W. Abrams, Jr., later the Chief of Staff of the Army, William O. Darby, one of the fathers of the U.S. Army Rangers, and Robert T. Frederick, commander of the U.S-Canadian 1st Special Service Force. Six men of the 82nd Airborne Division received two Distinguished Service Crosses: Charles Billingslea,[16] James M. Gavin, Arthur F. Gorham, Matthew B. Ridgway, Reuben Henry Tucker III and Benjamin H. Vandervoort. Several fighter aces also received two Distinguished Service Crosses, including Donald Blakeslee, Paul P. Douglas Jr., William E. Dyess, Dominic "Don" Gentile, Gerald R. Johnson, Charles "Mac" MacDonald, James B. Morehead, Jay T. "Cock" Robbins, David C. Schilling, William T. Whisner Jr. and Ray S. Wetmore. Bomber pilot Richard H. Carmichael also received two Distinguished Service Crosses. The commander of Easy Company of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S. 101st Airborne Division, Richard Winters, received a Distinguished Service Cross for his role in the assault on Brecourt Manor on D-Day; a member of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S. 101st Airborne Division, Harrison C. Summers received a Distinguished Service Cross for his role on the assault to capture a building complex nearby designated "WXYZ" on the field order map. During World War II, twelve soldiers, three airmen, and two sailors received both the Medal of Honor and the Distinguished Service Cross: from the Army, Bernard P. Bell, Maurice L. "Footsie" Britt, Herbert H. Burr, Leonard A. Funk, Gerry H. Kisters, James M. Logan, George L. Mabry, Jr., Douglas MacArthur, Audie L. Murphy, Junior J. Spurrier, Jack L. Treadwell and Jonathan M. Wainwright; from the Army Air Forces, Richard I. Bong, Horace S. Carswell, Jr. and Thomas B. McGuire, Jr.; and from the Navy, John D. Bulkeley and Samuel D. Dealey (who also received four Navy Crosses). One World War II Distinguished Service Cross recipient, Raymond Harvey, would earn the Medal of Honor in the Korean War. General Paul W. Tibbets, commander of the 509th Composite Group (509 CG), was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross by General Spaatz for piloting the Enola Gay, the B-29 Superfortress plane which dropped the first nuclear bomb on Hiroshima. Four Soviet citizens served in the Red Army were awarded by the end of 1944. Tikhon Kralya (sergeant, sapper, 6th Guards Rifle Division), Vasily Moiseenko (Senior sergeant, reconnaissance officer, 322 Rifle Division.) Vasily Tyunik (Senior sergeant, gunner, 217 separate anti-aircraft artillery regiment), Boris Malyuta (Company Sergeant Major, 130 separate radio communications regiment.

1948 SCRIPT ENGRAVED USN NAMED PURPLE HEART WWII

Lot #597 (Sale Order 698 of 952)

1948 Period US Navy engraved cased Purple Heart. US Navy contract Purple Heart is named to Joseph L. Mills to the reverse with the correct partial wrapped brooch. Criteria The Purple Heart is awarded in the name of the President of the United States to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States who, while serving under competent authority in any capacity with one of the U.S. Armed Services after April 5, 1917, has been wounded or killed. Specific examples of services which warrant the Purple Heart includes: a) any action against an enemy of the United States; b) any action with an opposing armed force of a foreign country in which the Armed Forces of the United States are or have been engaged; c) while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party; d) as a result of an act of any such enemy or opposing armed forces; or e) as a result of an act of any hostile foreign force. The two letters c) and e) were added by Executive Order 11016 on April 25, 1962, as U.S. service personnel were being sent to South Vietnam during the Vietnam War as military advisors rather than combatants. As many were being killed or wounded while serving in that capacity in South Vietnam, and because the United States was not formally a participant of the war (until 1965), there was no “enemy” to satisfy the requirement of a wound or death received “in action against an enemy.” In response, President John F. Kennedy signed the executive order that awarded to any person wounded or killed “while serving with friendly foreign forces” or “as a result of action by a hostile foreign force.” After March 28, 1973, it may be awarded as a result of an international terrorist attack against the United States or a foreign nation friendly to the United States, recognized as such an attack by the Secretary of the Army, or jointly by the Secretaries of the separate armed services concerned if persons from more than one service are wounded in the attack. Also, it may be awarded as a result of military operations while serving outside the territory of the United States as part of a peacekeeping force. The Purple Heart differs from most other decorations in that an individual is not "recommended" for the decoration; rather he or she is entitled to it upon meeting specific criteria. A Purple Heart is awarded for the first wound suffered under conditions indicated above, but for each subsequent award an oak leaf cluster or 5/16 inch star is worn in lieu of another medal. Not more than one award will be made for more than one wound or injury received at the same instant. A "wound" is defined as an injury to any part of the body from an outside force or agent sustained under one or more of the conditions listed above. A physical lesion is not required; however, the wound for which the award is made must have required treatment by a medical officer and records of medical treatment for wounds or injuries received in action must have been made a matter of official record. When contemplating an award of this decoration, the key issue that commanders must take into consideration is the degree to which the enemy caused the injury. The fact that the proposed recipient was participating in direct or indirect combat operations is a necessary prerequisite, but is not sole justification for award. The Purple Heart is not awarded for non-combat injuries. Enemy-related injuries which justify the award of the Purple Heart include: injury caused by enemy bullet, shrapnel, or other projectile created by enemy action; injury caused by enemy placed land mine, naval mine, or trap; injury caused by enemy released chemical, biological, or nuclear agent; injury caused by vehicle or aircraft accident resulting from enemy fire; and, concussion injuries caused as a result of enemy generated explosions. Injuries or wounds which do not qualify for award of the Purple Heart include frostbite or trench foot injuries; heat stroke; food poisoning not caused by enemy agents; chemical, biological, or nuclear agents not released by the enemy; battle fatigue; disease not directly caused by enemy agents; accidents, to include explosive, aircraft, vehicular, and other accidental wounding not related to or caused by enemy action; self-inflicted wounds (e.g., a soldier accidentally or intentionally fires their own gun and the bullet strikes his or her leg), except when in the heat of battle, and not involving gross negligence; post-traumatic stress disorders and jump injuries not caused by enemy action. It is not intended that such a strict interpretation of the requirement for the wound or injury to be caused by direct result of hostile action be taken that it would preclude the award being made to deserving personnel.

WW2 NAMED DFC DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS AIR CORPS

Lot #598 (Sale Order 699 of 952)

WWII Cased, Named Distinguished Flying Cross with ribbon bar is named to S.Sgt. Lawrence H. Gamble A.C. Medal is officially engraved and in near mint condition. History The first award of the Distinguished Flying Cross was made by President Calvin Coolidge on May 2, 1927, to ten aviators of the U.S. Army Air Corps who had participated in the Army Pan American Flight which took place from December 21, 1926, to May 2, 1927. Two of the airmen died in a mid-air collision trying to land at Buenos Aires on February 26, 1927, and received their awards posthumously. The award had only been authorized by Congress the previous year and no medals had yet been struck, so the Pan American airmen initially received only certificates. Among the ten airmen were Major Herbert Dargue, Captains Ira C. Eaker and Muir S. Fairchild, and 1st Lt. Ennis C. Whitehead. Charles Lindbergh received the first presentation of the actual medal about a month later from Coolidge during the Washington, D.C. homecoming reception on June 11, 1927, from his trans-Atlantic flight. The medal had hurriedly been struck and readied just for that occasion. The 1927 War Department General Order (G.O. 8) authorizing Lindbergh's DFC states that it was awarded by the President, while the General Order (G.O. 6) for the Pan American Flyers' DFC citation notes that the War Department awarded it "by direction of the President." The first Distinguished Flying Cross to be awarded to a Naval aviator was received by Commander Richard E. Byrd, USN for his trans-Atlantic flight from June 29 to July 1, 1927, from New York City to the coast of France. Byrd and his pilot Machinist Floyd Bennett had already received the Medal of Honor for their historic flight to the North Pole on May 9, 1926. Numerous recipients of the medal earned greater fame in other occupations; a number of astronauts, actors, and politicians have been Distinguished Flying Cross recipients, including President George H. W. Bush. DFC awards can be retroactive to cover notable achievements back to the beginning of World War I. On February 23, 1929, Congress passed special legislation to allow the award of the DFC to the Wright brothers for their December 17, 1903, flight. Other civilians who have received the award include Wiley Post, Jacqueline Cochran, Roscoe Turner, Amelia Earhart, Glenn H. Curtiss, and Eugene Ely. Eventually, it was limited to military personnel by an Executive Order. Amelia Earhart became the first woman to receive the DFC on July 29, 1932, when it was presented to her by Vice President Charles Curtis in Los Angeles for her solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean earlier that year. World War II During World War II, the medal's award criteria varied widely depending on the theater of operations, aerial combat that was engaged in, and the missions that were accomplished. In the Pacific, commissioned officers were often awarded the DFC, while enlisted men were given the Air Medal. In Europe, some crews received it for their overall performance through a tour of duty. The criteria used was however not consistent between commands or over time.[8] Individual achievement could also result in the medal being awarded. For example, George McGovern received one for successfully completing a bombing mission after his aircraft lost an engine, and then landing it safely.

WWII US ARMY MARS TASK FORCE THEATER MADE PATCH

Lot #599 (Sale Order 700 of 952)

WWII US Army Mars Task Force shoulder sleeve insignia that is theater made measuring 2 1/2 X 2 3/4 inches and does not react to Uv. light. The 5332d Brigade (Provisional) was activated on 26 July 1944. It soon came to be known as the MARS TASK FORCE. It was designed as a Long Range Penetration Force and training, equipment and organization were all directed toward this end. MARS was able to profit by the experience of Wingate’s Raiders and Merrill’s Marauders in Burma jungle operations. The leaven of veteran jungle fighters was mixed with the freshness of volunteers and the assignment of the 124th Cavalry Regiment. A triangular plan was envisioned and in many ways MARS TASK FORCE was truly a Division, consisting of the 475th Infantry, 124th Cavalry (Sp.) and 1st Chinese Regiment. The Cavalry Regiment had a long history of mounted Cavalry and was converted by MARS to Cavalry dismounted, with the functions and employment of an Infantry Regiment. The 475th Infantry was organized by MARS and given official status as a numbered Infantry Regiment by the War Dept. The Brigade itself was organized as a Provisional Unit. At no time was Brigade permitted to employ the 1st Chinese Regiment in any tactical operations. To have been able to use this regiment would have increased the striking power of the Brigade considerably. Although the Namhpakka-Hosi Campaign is considered highly successful, another regiment would have permitted the use of either the 475th Infantry or the 124th Cavalry to swing southward or eastward in a Brigade encroachment of the enemy. It was impossible to do so under the circumstances, for to use one or two Battalion Combat Teams for this purpose would have jeopardized not only such a small striking force but also the holding force. The series of commanding terrain features were such that they had been left open by any Battalion Combat Team it would have been an open invitation to the Japs to surround and destroy the Brigade piecemeal. The 1st Chinese Regiment, later attached to the 50th Division, and committed, demonstrated its ability, and climaxed its campaign by securing Kyaukme and linking with the 36th Division (British). This closed an East-West line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Monglong - Mogok. The British were thus placed in a position to join with the forces of the 14th Army, to establish the line Mong Yai - Hsipaw - Kyaukme - Maymyo - Mandalay, to terminate the conquest of Northern and North Central Burma. The Brigade component committed in the Tonkwa-Mo Hlaing sector (475th Infantry) broke Jap opposition in that area and permitted the 50th Division to move in and occupy the area, thence to move Southward to play its part in establishing the line mentioned above. Upon completion of the action at Tonkwa, the Brigade turned to the East and thrust deep into enemy territory to strike the Namhkam-Lashio Burma Road axis, at Namhpakka. The swiftness of movement gained surprise, and the viciousness of attack removed the keystone of the sector. The blow inflicted by MARS at this point caused the enemy to withdraw rapidly below Lashio and allowed the New First Army (Chinese) to move almost unopposed south of Lashio, screening against counter-attack and forcing the enemy a safe distance from the Stilwell Road. Brigade was held in the Namhpakka area to be passed through by New First Army. Hence, MARS could not further exploit its own successes. Here contact was broken, and friendly forces belatedly grasped the advantage gained, fulfilling its order in a virtual road march. The training period of MARS as a Brigade was unusually short. One year is considered the normal training period for a division. Further, all of the Brigade Infantry units, as noticed before, had to be organized (475th Infantry) or converted (124th Cavalry, 1st Chinese Regiment, Sept.) Throughout tactical operations, the 612th Field Artillery Battalion (Pack) and the 613th FA Bn (Pk) acquitted themselves with distinction. This was accomplished with the sole aid of 75mm Pack Artillery, constantly opposed by much heavier and longer range enemy weapons (105 and 150mm). The basic intention of Field Artillery - to displace enemy artillery from hostile fire positions against our forces - could not be accomplished by range and striking power. However, in the long run, this was satisfactorily accomplished by attrition and by slow but effective destruction of enemy armament and materiel, as well as by disorganization and damage to motor parks, fuel dumps, warehouses and CP’s (brought within range by the selection of objective). Inability to force earlier displacement of enemy artillery resulted in numerous Brigade casualties. To reach Brigade objectives, many difficulties previously believed to be well nigh impossible were overcome.

WWII US ARMY ORDNANCE DEPT. ELGIN WRISTWATCH WW2

Lot #600 (Sale Order 701 of 952)

Ordnance Dept watches were spec'd as the most basic timekeepers for those who need basic timekeeping. This Elgin 15j official military issue watch comes on a real WWII government issue blue strap with brass buckle and tan contrast stitching. The watch measures at approximately 33MM not including its original crown.

WWII & KOREAN WAR MICKEY ROONEY SIGNED PHOTOS USO

Lot #601 (Sale Order 702 of 952)

Fantastic archive belonging to the late, great Mickey Rooney. Grouping consist of several signed photos of General Officers to Mickey Rooney. One of the notables, Hap Arnold. Other items of interest is a scrapbook with photos and newspaper clipping of one of his USO shows with Rooney and several other actors and performers. Mickey Rooney (born Joseph Yule, Jr.; September 23, 1920 – April 6, 2014) was an American actor of film, television, Broadway, radio, and vaudeville. In a career spanning nine decades and continuing until shortly before his death, he appeared in more than 300 films and was one of the last surviving stars of the silent film era. At the height of a career that was marked by precipitous declines and raging comebacks, Rooney played the role of Andy Hardy in a series of fifteen films in the 1930s and 1940s that epitomized American family values. A versatile performer, he could sing, dance, clown, and play various musical instruments, becoming a celebrated character actor later in his career. Laurence Olivier once said he considered Rooney "the best there has ever been." Clarence Brown, who directed him in two of his earliest dramatic roles, National Velvet and The Human Comedy, said he was "the closest thing to a genius I ever worked with." Rooney first performed in vaudeville as a child and made his film debut at the age of six. At thirteen he played the role of Puck in the play and later the 1935 film adaptation of A Midsummer Night's Dream. His performance was hailed by critic David Thomson as "one of cinema's most arresting pieces of magic". In 1938, he co-starred with Spencer Tracy in the Academy Award-winning film Boys Town. At nineteen he was the first teenager to be nominated for an Oscar for his leading role in Babes in Arms, and he was awarded a special Academy Juvenile Award in 1939. At the peak of his career between the ages of 15 and 25, he made forty-three films and co-starred alongside Judy Garland, Wallace Beery, Spencer Tracy, and Elizabeth Taylor. He was one of MGM's most consistently successful actors and a favorite of studio head Louis B. Mayer. Rooney was the top box office attraction from 1939–41, and one of the best-paid actors of that era, but his career never rose to such heights again. Drafted into the Army during World War II, he served nearly two years entertaining over two million troops on stage and radio and was awarded a Bronze Star for performing in combat zones. Returning from the war in 1945, he was too old for juvenile roles but too short to be an adult movie star, and he was not able to obtain acting roles as significant as before. Nevertheless, Rooney was tenacious and he rebounded, his popularity renewed with well-received supporting roles in films such as Requiem for a Heavyweight (1962), It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963), and The Black Stallion (1979) for which he was nominated for an Oscar. In the early 1980s, he returned to Broadway in Sugar Babies and again became a celebrated star. Rooney made hundreds of appearances on TV, including dramas, variety programs, and talk shows. During his career, he received four Academy Award nominations and was nominated for five Emmy Awards, winning one. At his death, Vanity Fair called him "the original Hollywood train wreck." He struggled with alcohol and pill addiction and married eight times, the first time to Ava Gardner. Despite earning millions during his career, he had to file for bankruptcy in 1962 due to mismanagement of his finances. Shortly before his death in 2014 at age 93, he alleged mistreatment by some family members and testified in Congress about what he alleged was physical abuse and exploitation by family members. By the end of his life, his millions in earnings had dwindled to an estate that was valued at only $18,000, he died owing medical bills and back taxes, and contributions were solicited from the public.

WWII US ARMY FIXED BAIL M1 HELMET FIRESTONE LINER

Lot #602 (Sale Order 703 of 952)

Early World War II front seam, fixed bale M1 "Steel Pot" style helmet with sewn khaki chinstraps, cork textured OD green paint with a heat lot of 637F. Liner has khaki webbing, and unpainted A-washers. Helmet and liner show general service wear. Liner is missing the sweatband and is made by Firestone. Excellent. History The M1 helmet was adopted in 1941 to replace the outdated M1917A1 "Kelly" helmet after research was done by Major Harold G. Sydenham. Over 22 million U.S. M1 steel helmets were manufactured through September 1945. Production was done by McCord Radiator and Manufacturing Company and Schlueter Manufacturing Company. Design The M1 is two "one-size-fits-all" helmets—an outer metal shell, sometimes called the "steel pot", and a hard hat–type liner that is nestled inside the shell and contains the suspension system that would be adjusted to fit the wearer's head. Helmet covers and netting would be applied by covering the steel shell with the extra material tucked inside the shell and secured by inserting the liner. The outer shell should not be worn by itself. The liner can be worn by itself, providing protection similar to a hard hat, and was often worn in such fashion by military policemen, Assistant Drill Instructors (known as AIs), and rifle/machine gun/pistol range staff, although they were supposed to wear steel at the range.[citation needed] The liner is sometimes worn in U.S. military ceremonies and parades, painted white or chromed. The depth of the helmet is 7 inches (180 mm), the width is 9.5 inches (240 mm), and length is 11 inches (280 mm), the thickness is 1/8" (3 mm), The weight of a World War II–era M1 is approximately 2.85 pounds (1.29 kg), including the liner and chinstrap. Shell Construction The non-magnetic Hadfield manganese steel for M1 helmet shells was smelted at the Carnegie Steel Company or the Sharon Steel Company of Pennsylvania. After being poured into fifteen-ton ingots (also called "heats"), the steel was divided into 216-inch by 36-inch by 4-inch blocks, known as "lifts," which were then cut into three equal 72-inch pieces to make them easier to handle. The cut lifts were sent to the Gary Works in Gary, Indiana for further processing, after which they were each reduced into 250 68-inch by 36-inch by 0.044-inch sheets, which were cut into 16.5-inch circles. The helmet discs were oiled and banded into lots of 400 for delivery by rail to McCord or Schlueter for pressing and final assembly. Each "heat" of steel was assigned a unique number by the smelter, as was each of its "lifts." When each new heat was unloaded at McCord or Schlueter, it was assigned a sequential number, and each lift within the heat was assigned a letter of the alphabet (for example, the third lift unloaded of the forty-ninth heat received by McCord would be 49C. This unique "lot and lift" number was stamped onto each helmet produced from the discs of a particular lift, and allowed for traceability in case the helmets exhibited defects. The "lot and lift" number is in reference to the time when the fabricator received the helmet discs, not when they were made into finished helmets. Lifts of heats were not loaded onto or unloaded from railcars in any particular order, and were often warehoused (also in no particular order) before being finished. The helmet discs were drawn to a depth of seven inches to create the rough helmet shape, or "shell," and the edges were trimmed. The edge of the shell has a crimped metal rim running around it, which provides a smooth edge. This is usually known as the "rim". The rim has a seam where the ends of the strip meet. On the earliest shells the seam met at the front. This was moved to the back of the rim in November 1944 At this time, the rim also went from being made of stainless steel to manganese steel. On each side of the shell, there are stainless steel loops for the chinstrap. Early World War II production shells had fixed, rectangular loops, and mid-war to 1960s helmets feature movable rectangular loops. This feature was adopted in 1943 to address the problem that when earlier helmets were dropped, the fixed loops were more susceptible to breaking off. Early shells for paratrooper helmets feature fixed, D-shaped loops. The shells were then painted with flat olive drab paint, with the paint on the outside of the shell sprinkled with either finely ground cork (World War II era) or silica sand. World War II-production helmets feature sewn-on cotton web olive drab shade 3 chinstraps, replaced gradually throughout 1943 and 1944 with olive drab shade 7 chinstraps. 1950s and later production chinstraps are made of olive drab webbing attached to the loops with removable metal clips. Nylon chinstraps were introduced in the U.S. military in the 1980s. These straps featured a two-piece web chin cup and were fastened by a metal snap rather than buckle.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS FLIGHT GOGGLES AO WW2 CASED

Lot #603 (Sale Order 704 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Force flying goggles made by AMERICAN OPTICAL with "AO" maker's mark on the adjustable bridge. Clear rock glass lenses. Complete with original aluminum case stamped AVIATORS GOGGLE MADE IN U.S.A. Goggles are in excellent condition with original aluminum carrying case.

WWII US ARMY AIR FORCE ANTI FLAK GOGGLES WW2 TANK

Lot #603a (Sale Order 705 of 952)

Anti-Flak experimental goggles, O.D painted manganese steel with 12 horizontal slits, adjustable elastic headband and two cotton cushioning pads on nose and forehead. Ordered by the Army Air Force to prevent eye injuries for bomber crews, these goggles were used with the M-3, M-4 or M-5 flak helmets. They were also issued to some tank crews as the Destroyers. NEAR MINT

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS FLIGHT GOGGLES AO WW2

Lot #604 (Sale Order 706 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Force flying goggles made by AMERICAN OPTICAL with "AO" maker's mark on the adjustable bridge. Orange rock glass lenses. Goggles are in excellent condition.

WWII US NAVY FLIGHT HELMET W/ CHIN CUP NAF 1092

Lot #605 (Sale Order 707 of 952)

Brown leather flight helmet designed for use by U.S. Navy pilots in World War Two. Helmet and chin cup are in MINT condition. Features three attached leather straps on the back used for holding flight goggles in place. Original chinstraps complete with original leather cups and adjustment buckles. Interior are is lined with chamois which is a soft leather that is made from the skin of goats, sheep, or chamois. Original label is present NAF 1092 - 73 CONT. NOS. 1020 A H.L.B. CORP. N.Y. This helmet is marked on the back with the letters USN. These helmets were also used by the short-lived para-marines. Size marked 7 3/8. MINT

WWII US RESISTALL GOGGLES FOR DESPATCH RIDER TANKS

Lot #605a (Sale Order 708 of 952)

It is a set of Resistal M-1938 goggles as used by early war Tank Crews and Aviator’s in mint condition. Headband still retains it's elasticity

WWII NAMED PURPLE HEART BATAAN DEATH MARCH GROUP

Lot #606 (Sale Order 709 of 952)

WWII Named Purple Heart and insignia grouping to a member of the 31st Infantry Regiment, Philippine Division. The heart is officially engraved to Vernon W. Craig ASN 6396952 and was an MP and was captured by Japanese forces and sent to Tokeo POW Camp Shinjuku where he was held for 1,216 days. Vernon's capture was first reported to the International Committee of the Red Cross on May 7, 1942 and he was released on September 4, 1945. Also in the grouping is a three place medal bar including his Purple Heart with Oak Leaf Cluster, Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal and finally Philippine Defense Medal. Also in the lot are his enlisted collar brass to include US and Military Police brass. Corporal Chevrons, a long strip of overseas stripes, a rare theater made Philippine Division shoulder patch. Finally Finally an extract of his wounds dated 12 October, 1945. Cpl. Craig received his first wound during an artillery barrage on Bataan 8 April 1942 by flying debris. He received his second award on 11 April 1942 while on the Bataan Death March by a coward with a samurai sword. A very well documented grouping of a soldier who received a wound by a cowardly Japanese soldier with a sword. World War II On 8 December 1941, Japanese planes attacked U.S. military installations in the Philippines. A 31st Infantry sergeant on detail at Camp John Hay in Baguio City became the campaign's first fatality. After landing in northern and Southern Luzon, the Japanese pushed rapidly toward Manila, routing hastily formed Philippine Army units that had little training and few heavy weapons. The 31st Infantry covered the withdrawal of American and Philippine forces to the Bataan Peninsula. Unfortunately, the peninsula had not been provisioned with food and medicine and no help could come in from the outside after much of the Pacific fleet was destroyed at Pearl Harbor and mid-ocean bases at Guam and Wake Island were lost. Despite starvation, disease, no supplies, obsolete weapons, and often inoperative ammunition, the peninsula's defenders fought the Japanese to a standstill for 4 months, upsetting Japan's timetable for Asia's conquest. When MG King announced he would surrender the Bataan Defense Force on 9 April 1942, the 31st Infantry buried its colors and the cherished Shanghai Bowl to keep them out of enemy hands. Some of the 31st's survivors escaped to continue resisting, but most underwent brutal torture and humiliation on the Bataan Death March and nearly three years of captivity. Twenty-nine of the regiment's members earned the Distinguished Service Cross and one was recommended for the Medal of Honor, but the entire chain of command died in captivity before the medal recommendation could be formally submitted. Roughly half of the 1600 members of the 31st Infantry who surrendered at Bataan perished while prisoners of the Japanese. Perhaps of note, the Shanghai Bowl was later recovered due to the efforts of Cpt. Earl R. Short (who had buried it) after his release from a POW camp, and Col. Niederpreum. He returned to Corregidor Island under the orders of Major General Marshall in September 1945 to retrieve the bowl from its hidden location. While he was able to pinpoint the area, others had to continue the excavation until it was located in December 1945. The Bowl and Cups were found a yard and a half from where Cpt. Short had remembered them to be. And so the trophy and symbol of the 31st Regiment was returned to them

WWII US ARMY HAWLEY LINER FOR M1 COMBAT HELMET WW2

Lot #607 (Sale Order 710 of 952)

WWII 1st pattern Hawley paper liner with attached chinstrap. This liner has seen i's better days but overall is still serviceable. The hawley liner was produced for use in the M1 combat helmet. History The M1 helmet was adopted in 1941 to replace the outdated M1917A1 "Kelly" helmet after research was done by Major Harold G. Sydenham. Over 22 million U.S. M1 steel helmets were manufactured through September 1945. Production was done by McCord Radiator and Manufacturing Company and Schlueter Manufacturing Company. Design The M1 is two "one-size-fits-all" helmets—an outer metal shell, sometimes called the "steel pot", and a hard hat–type liner that is nestled inside the shell and contains the suspension system that would be adjusted to fit the wearer's head. Helmet covers and netting would be applied by covering the steel shell with the extra material tucked inside the shell and secured by inserting the liner. The outer shell should not be worn by itself. The liner can be worn by itself, providing protection similar to a hard hat, and was often worn in such fashion by military policemen, Assistant Drill Instructors (known as AIs), and rifle/machine gun/pistol range staff, although they were supposed to wear steel at the range.[citation needed] The liner is sometimes worn in U.S. military ceremonies and parades, painted white or chromed. The depth of the helmet is 7 inches (180 mm), the width is 9.5 inches (240 mm), and length is 11 inches (280 mm), the thickness is 1/8" (3 mm), The weight of a World War II–era M1 is approximately 2.85 pounds (1.29 kg), including the liner and chinstrap. Shell Construction The non-magnetic Hadfield manganese steel for M1 helmet shells was smelted at the Carnegie Steel Company or the Sharon Steel Company of Pennsylvania. After being poured into fifteen-ton ingots (also called "heats"), the steel was divided into 216-inch by 36-inch by 4-inch blocks, known as "lifts," which were then cut into three equal 72-inch pieces to make them easier to handle. The cut lifts were sent to the Gary Works in Gary, Indiana for further processing, after which they were each reduced into 250 68-inch by 36-inch by 0.044-inch sheets, which were cut into 16.5-inch circles. The helmet discs were oiled and banded into lots of 400 for delivery by rail to McCord or Schlueter for pressing and final assembly. Each "heat" of steel was assigned a unique number by the smelter, as was each of its "lifts." When each new heat was unloaded at McCord or Schlueter, it was assigned a sequential number, and each lift within the heat was assigned a letter of the alphabet (for example, the third lift unloaded of the forty-ninth heat received by McCord would be 49C. This unique "lot and lift" number was stamped onto each helmet produced from the discs of a particular lift, and allowed for traceability in case the helmets exhibited defects. The "lot and lift" number is in reference to the time when the fabricator received the helmet discs, not when they were made into finished helmets. Lifts of heats were not loaded onto or unloaded from railcars in any particular order, and were often warehoused (also in no particular order) before being finished. The helmet discs were drawn to a depth of seven inches to create the rough helmet shape, or "shell," and the edges were trimmed. The edge of the shell has a crimped metal rim running around it, which provides a smooth edge. This is usually known as the "rim". The rim has a seam where the ends of the strip meet. On the earliest shells the seam met at the front. This was moved to the back of the rim in November 1944 At this time, the rim also went from being made of stainless steel to manganese steel. On each side of the shell, there are stainless steel loops for the chinstrap. Early World War II production shells had fixed, rectangular loops, and mid-war to 1960s helmets feature movable rectangular loops. This feature was adopted in 1943 to address the problem that when earlier helmets were dropped, the fixed loops were more susceptible to breaking off. Early shells for paratrooper helmets feature fixed, D-shaped loops. The shells were then painted with flat olive drab paint, with the paint on the outside of the shell sprinkled with either finely ground cork (World War II era) or silica sand. World War II-production helmets feature sewn-on cotton web olive drab shade 3 chinstraps, replaced gradually throughout 1943 and 1944 with olive drab shade 7 chinstraps. 1950s and later production chinstraps are made of olive drab webbing attached to the loops with removable metal clips. Nylon chinstraps were introduced in the U.S. military in the 1980s. These straps featured a two-piece web chin cup and were fastened by a metal snap rather than buckle.

WWII MILITARY POLICE PAINTED M1 HELMET LINER WW2

Lot #608 (Sale Order 711 of 952)

WWII Military Police white painted helmet liner by Seaman Paper Company with that has been well used but not abused. The exterior retains roughly 95 % of it's white paint. Excellent The M1 helmet was adopted in 1941 to replace the outdated M1917A1 "Kelly" helmet after research was done by Major Harold G. Sydenham. Over 22 million U.S. M1 steel helmets were manufactured through September 1945. Production was done by McCord Radiator and Manufacturing Company and Schlueter Manufacturing Company. Design The M1 is two "one-size-fits-all" helmets—an outer metal shell, sometimes called the "steel pot", and a hard hat–type liner that is nestled inside the shell and contains the suspension system that would be adjusted to fit the wearer's head. Helmet covers and netting would be applied by covering the steel shell with the extra material tucked inside the shell and secured by inserting the liner. The outer shell should not be worn by itself. The liner can be worn by itself, providing protection similar to a hard hat, and was often worn in such fashion by military policemen, Assistant Drill Instructors (known as AIs), and rifle/machine gun/pistol range staff, although they were supposed to wear steel at the range.[citation needed] The liner is sometimes worn in U.S. military ceremonies and parades, painted white or chromed. The depth of the helmet is 7 inches (180 mm), the width is 9.5 inches (240 mm), and length is 11 inches (280 mm), the thickness is 1/8" (3 mm), The weight of a World War II–era M1 is approximately 2.85 pounds (1.29 kg), including the liner and chinstrap. Shell Construction The non-magnetic Hadfield manganese steel for M1 helmet shells was smelted at the Carnegie Steel Company or the Sharon Steel Company of Pennsylvania. After being poured into fifteen-ton ingots (also called "heats"), the steel was divided into 216-inch by 36-inch by 4-inch blocks, known as "lifts," which were then cut into three equal 72-inch pieces to make them easier to handle. The cut lifts were sent to the Gary Works in Gary, Indiana for further processing, after which they were each reduced into 250 68-inch by 36-inch by 0.044-inch sheets, which were cut into 16.5-inch circles. The helmet discs were oiled and banded into lots of 400 for delivery by rail to McCord or Schlueter for pressing and final assembly. Each "heat" of steel was assigned a unique number by the smelter, as was each of its "lifts." When each new heat was unloaded at McCord or Schlueter, it was assigned a sequential number, and each lift within the heat was assigned a letter of the alphabet (for example, the third lift unloaded of the forty-ninth heat received by McCord would be 49C. This unique "lot and lift" number was stamped onto each helmet produced from the discs of a particular lift, and allowed for traceability in case the helmets exhibited defects. The "lot and lift" number is in reference to the time when the fabricator received the helmet discs, not when they were made into finished helmets. Lifts of heats were not loaded onto or unloaded from railcars in any particular order, and were often warehoused (also in no particular order) before being finished. The helmet discs were drawn to a depth of seven inches to create the rough helmet shape, or "shell," and the edges were trimmed. The edge of the shell has a crimped metal rim running around it, which provides a smooth edge. This is usually known as the "rim". The rim has a seam where the ends of the strip meet. On the earliest shells the seam met at the front. This was moved to the back of the rim in November 1944 At this time, the rim also went from being made of stainless steel to manganese steel. On each side of the shell, there are stainless steel loops for the chinstrap. Early World War II production shells had fixed, rectangular loops, and mid-war to 1960s helmets feature movable rectangular loops. This feature was adopted in 1943 to address the problem that when earlier helmets were dropped, the fixed loops were more susceptible to breaking off. Early shells for paratrooper helmets feature fixed, D-shaped loops. The shells were then painted with flat olive drab paint, with the paint on the outside of the shell sprinkled with either finely ground cork (World War II era) or silica sand. World War II-production helmets feature sewn-on cotton web olive drab shade 3 chinstraps, replaced gradually throughout 1943 and 1944 with olive drab shade 7 chinstraps. 1950s and later production chinstraps are made of olive drab webbing attached to the loops with removable metal clips. Nylon chinstraps were introduced in the U.S. military in the 1980s. These straps featured a two-piece web chin cup and were fastened by a metal snap rather than buckle. Liner Construction The liner is a hard hat-like support for the suspension, and is designed to fit snugly inside the steel shell.

WWII US ARMY USMC BLACK ENAMEL CANTEEN & BLUE CUP

Lot #609 (Sale Order 712 of 952)

RARE WWII BLACK ENAMEL CANTEEN and BLUE ENAMEL CUP. THESE CUPS WERE ONLY USED FOR A SHORT TIME AND AS WITH MOST THEY ARE DATED 1942. THE CARRIER IS ALSO DATED 1942 MADE BY SHANE MFG. CO.

WWII CIVIL AIR PAROL WINGS INSIGNIA LOT CAP DEVICE

Lot #610 (Sale Order 713 of 952)

WWII era CAP or Civil Air Patrol insignia lot including 1) 2 1/2 inch Pilot wings in Sterling by Robbins. Absolutely no damage to this set of beautiful wings and they have never been cleaned. 2) CAP Cap Badge maker marked in STERLING by Robbins. 3) Civil Air Patrol half wing also Robbins marked in STERLING. 4) Civil Air Patrol 1 inch set of pilot wings for the collar marked in STERLING. 5) Silver Civil Air Patrol lapel devices in Sterling. 6) Large enameled CAP patch DI's maker marked to Robbins in Sterling. 7) US CAP Shoulder Sleeve insignia that is direct embroidered on wool. All are in MINT condition.

WWII US ARMY M1 Garand CARTRIDGE AMMO BELT CANTEEN

Lot #611 (Sale Order 714 of 952)

WWII US Army M1 Garand Cartridge Ammo Belt with original ammunition with canteen, cup and cover along with first aid kit. The cartridge belt is dated 1943 and manufactured by J. M. Shoe Co. All components of the rig are in near mint condition. The M1 Garand is a .30-06 caliber semi-automatic rifle that was the standard U.S. service rifle during World War II and the Korean War and also saw limited service during the Vietnam War. Most M1 rifles were issued to U.S. forces, though many hundreds of thousands were also provided as foreign aid to American allies. The Garand is still used by drill teams and military honor guards. It is also widely used by civilians for hunting, target shooting, and as a military collectible. The M1 rifle was named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand. It was the first standard-issue semi-automatic military rifle. By most accounts the M1 rifle performed well. General George S. Patton called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised". The M1 replaced the bolt action M1903 Springfield as the standard U.S. service rifle in 1936,[16] and was itself replaced by the selective fire M14 rifle in March 26, 1958. Although the name "Garand" is frequently pronounced /g?'rænd/, the preferred pronunciation is /'gær?nd/ (to rhyme with errand), according to experts and people who knew John Garand, the weapon's designer. Frequently referred to as the "Garand" or "M1 Garand" by civilians, its official designation when it was the issue rifle in the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps was "U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, M1" or just "M1" and Garand was not mentioned.

WINDSOR AVIATION AIRPLANE PROPELLER ART DECO CLOCK

Lot #611a (Sale Order 715 of 952)

VINTAGE AVIATION AIRPLANE PROPELLER ART DECO WINDSOR GIBRALTAR LARGE MANTLE CLOCK 1930'S DESIGN: A rare and striking Art Deco Airplane propeller Windsor mantle Clock made by Gibraltar Electric Clock Co. Very impressive sculptural Aviation statement with large Air Force star embellished Propeller and Engine suspended by an A frame landing gear configuration, complimented by a minimal clock face design of period Art Deco numerals. This particular Art Deco Windsor Mantle Clock design is exceedingly rare to come by and the clock has been tested and works like a charm.

WWII NAZI GERMAN INSIGNIA LOT HJ LUFTWAFFE HEER

Lot #612 (Sale Order 716 of 952)

WWII Nazi German cloth insignia lot to include 1) HITLER YOUTH ARMBAND. A mid production, two-piece construction, red cotton armband. The armband has a central white BeVo horizontal stripe, with a white diamond and a machine woven construction black mobile swastika. 2) FEUERSCHUTZPOLIZEI NCO'S SLEEVE EAGLE. Post-November 1941 pattern, machine embroidered, police eagle encompassed by a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath in carmine cotton truppenfarbe threads, with black eye and swastika detailing, mounted on a cut-out, police green wool base. Removed from a uniform. 3) EM/NCO'S M39 BREAST EAGLE. M39 pattern, machine woven national breast eagle with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it's talons, in pale grey rayon threads on a cut-out, woven blue/green rayon base. Removed from a uniform. 4) EM/NCO'S M39 BREAST EAGLE. M39 pattern, machine woven national breast eagle with outstretched wings, clutching a wreathed, canted, swastika in it's talons, in pale grey rayon threads on a cut-out, woven blue/green rayon base. Removed from a uniform. 5) EM/NCO'S BREAST EAGLE. Machine embroidered, second pattern, Luftwaffe eagle in silvery/gray threads on a cut-out Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base. Has been removed from the uniform. 6) EM/NCO'S BREAST EAGLE. Machine embroidered, second pattern, Luftwaffe eagle in silvery/gray threads on a cut-out Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base. Has been removed from the uniform.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MEMEL MEDAL ITALIAN MEDAL LOT

Lot #613 (Sale Order 717 of 952)

WWII Nazi German insignia grouping consisting of 1) WWII NAZI GERMAN ITALIAN NORTH AFRIKA MEDAL. Nice Nazi German Italian Nothe Akrika Service Medal. Was made for joint operations between German and Italian operations in North Afrika. Still has original ribbon. Excellent. 2) COMMEMORATIVE RETURN OF MEMEL MEDAL. A commemorative medal for the “return” of Memel to the Third Reich (March 22, 1938); in gilded bronze; on loop for suspension with incorrect ribbon. Very Good

WWII US ARMY / MARINE CORPS MORPHINE SYRETTE LOT 2

Lot #614 (Sale Order 718 of 952)

WWII Morhipine Syrettes lot of 2 **SYRETTES** HAVE BEEN EMPTIED AND DRIED OF THEIR ORIGINAL CONTENTS AND NOW DRIED. The Syrette is a device for injecting liquid through a needle. It is similar to a syringe except that it has a closed flexible tube (like that typically used for toothpaste) instead of a rigid tube and piston. It was developed by the pharmaceutical manufacturer Squibb, eventually merged into the current day Bristol-Myers Squibb. The morphine syrette used in World War II had a wire loop pin with a guard in the end of the hollow needle that was used to break a seal where the needle was attached to the tube. It was similar to a Superglue tube. After breaking the seal, the wire loop pin was removed and the hollow needle was inserted under the skin at a shallow angle and the tube flattened between the thumb and fingers (see subcutaneous injection). After injection the used tube was pinned to the receiving soldier's collar to inform others of the dose administered. The American armed forces also distributed atropine in syrettes. Chemical treatment was subsequently distributed in autoinjector form.

WWII US ARMY CANTEEN AND TRENCH ART LOT WW2

Lot #615 (Sale Order 719 of 952)

WWII US Army Canteen and trench art lot to include 1) A one quart capacity canteen and cup. Its Khaki canvas cover has felt padding to its interior and two extended flaps to its open top, each of which have a lift-the -dot snap which mates with a corresponding stud to the upper body of the cover. The snaps and studs are of blackened brass. There are seven vertical reinforcing stitching lines to the front with "U.S." in black ink stamped beneath the stitching. The vertical webbed canvas loop sewn to the reverse has a top and bottom vertical reinforced strap, as well as a horizontal brass belt hook fed through it. The M-1941 cover is faded and visibly used. Very good. 2) A one quart capacity canteen missing cup. Its Khaki canvas cover has felt padding to its interior and two extended flaps to its open top, each of which have a lift-the-dot snap which mates with a corresponding stud to the upper body of the cover. The snaps and studs are of blackened brass. There are seven vertical reinforcing stitching lines to the front with "U.S." in black ink stamped beneath the stitching. The vertical webbed canvas loop sewn to the reverse has a top and bottom vertical reinforced strap, as well as a horizontal brass belt hook fed through it. The M-1941 cover is excellent condition. 3) Trench art ashtray made from spent shells including a .50 cal bullet to the center. Also is a spent .50 shell with a head stamp of S L 43. Excellent

WWII USMC III AMPHIBIOUS CORPS DSC UNIFORM W FLAGS

Lot #616 (Sale Order 720 of 952)

WWII Marine Corps uniform grouping with captured Japanese flags to a DSC SS winner. Items to include his nicely patched dress blues that were tailored by Max Cohn and is roughly a size 36. The tunic is adorned with a beautiful set of EGA's on the collar, PFC stripes to the sleeves and a III Amphibious Corps Shoulder Patch. To the chest of the jacket are two Navy / USMC ribbon bars that include Distinguished Service Cross Silver Star Presidential Unit Citation with Star Navy Unit Commendation American Defense Medal with Star. Matching dress blues trousers have the blood stripe as well and like the tunic is in excellent condition. The EM visor hat has seen it's better days with the leather sweatband having a couple of breaks and the hat is misshaped but when on a form still looks very good. Finally two captured silk national flags. The first measures 42 X 29 inches and is unusual because most of the kanji was placed on the red spot. The flag also has several temple stamps and in excellent condition. The second flag is also a National flag with kanji. To the center of the meatball is written "III Amphibious Corps. Okinawa 1945 From Dead Banzai Jap". This flag measures 32 X 29 and in excellent condition. History III Marine Expeditionary Force was activated as I Amphibious Corps 1 October 1942 in Camp Elliott, San Diego, California. Later that month, they were deployed to Noumea, New Caledonia. The unit was redesignated as III Amphibious Corps 15 April 1944. III Amphibious Corps was deactivated on 10 June 1946. III Marine Expeditionary Force was activated 6 May 1965 at Da Nang, Republic of Vietnam. III MEF was re-designated to III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF) 7 May 1965. World War II During World War II, III MEF was known as I Marine Amphibious Corps. It was renamed III Amphibious Corps on 15 April 1944, and took part in fighting against the Japanese Empire in the Pacific theater during World War II. It fought in some of the bloodiest battles, including the Solomon Islands campaign, the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign and the Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign (namely the Battle of Okinawa). III Amphibious Corps redeployed to Tientsin, China, in September 1945, where it participated in the occupation of Northern China until June 1946. III Amphibious Corps was deactivated on 10 June 1946.

WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS 3 INCH WINGS AIR CREW

Lot #617 (Sale Order 721 of 952)

Lot of three WWII US Army Air Corps Air Crew wings in Sterling. One has been converted into a bracelet while another in maker marked to LBG.

WWII LOT OF 3 BOMBARDIER WINGS IN STERLING 3 INCH

Lot #618 (Sale Order 722 of 952)

Lot of three WWII US Army Air Corps Bombardier wings measuring 3 inches in length. All with clutches and all three marked in Sterling to the reverse and have a wonderful patina

WWII D-day ILLUMINATION DISK USED BY PATHFINDERS

Lot #619 (Sale Order 723 of 952)

Luminous or fluorescent disks were issued on a limited scale to paratroops for the Normandy jump. These small disks were attached to the front or back of the helmet so that the men could see each other in darkness. In this article I try to give a detailed view on the variations that existed, as well as the containers they were issued in. This particular version has the clip to the reverse and comes with it's original green cloth pouch of issue. Excellent

WWII US NAVY FLIGHT HELMET LOT OF 2 USN WW2

Lot #620 (Sale Order 724 of 952)

Grouping of 2 US Navy flight helmets to include 1) US NAVAL AVIATOR NAF-1092 FLIGHT HELMET. Brown leather flight helmet designed for use by U.S. Navy pilots in World War Two. Features three attached leather straps on the back used for holding flight goggles in place and adjustment buckles for the chinstrap. Interior is lined with chamois. Original labels are present and size marked 6 7/8. US NAVAL AVIATOR NAF-1092 FLIGHT HELMET. Brown leather flight helmet designed for use by U.S. Navy pilots in World War Two. Features three attached leather straps on the back used for holding flight goggles in place and adjustment buckles for the chinstrap. Interior is lined with chamois. Original labels are present and size marked 6 7/8.

WWII NAZI WAFFEN SS VERTICAL DAGGER HANGER WW2

Lot #621 (Sale Order 725 of 952)

German WWII Waffen SS EM Vertical Dagger Hanger. Measures 1 15/16" wide by 5" tall. The leather and strap are still very supple. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE DAGGER HANGER SET

Lot #622 (Sale Order 726 of 952)

Matching set of Navy officer dagger hangers that have deluxe front facing black nylon fabric and black corduroy backers, each strap fed through gold gilt aluminum buckles with dual stacked lion’s heads. Matching gold gilt aluminum clips at the either end of each strap. Shows signs of wear on back black corduroy fabric. Overall the Navy Officer dagger hangers are in very good condition and would pair nicely with your Kriegsmarine dagger. The German Navy adopted the use of a dress dagger for its officers in the 19th century. In 1935, the Nazi leadership reintroduced universal conscription for German men as part of a plan to greatly expand German military power. The German Navy became part of the new Wehrmacht and was renamed the “Kriegsmarine.” The leadership of the Kriegsmarine was largely very traditional and initially retained many pre-Nazi traditions including the traditional dress dagger which was unchanged since WWI. But in 1938, a new dagger was introduced for the Kriegsmarine, that bore the Nazi swastika emblem. This pattern of dress dagger is known today as the Second Model Navy Dagger. The earlier “flaming ball” device used on the first model pommel was replaced with a German national eagle emblem clutching a wreathed swastika. The crossguard on the second model Navy dagger was longer than that found on the first pattern. The standard blade was acid etched with a fouled anchor and ornate foliage pattern. Because it was expected that these daggers would be worn at sea, all parts with the exception of the blade were initially made from brass. The Second Model Navy Dagger was made by more than a dozen manufacturers in a number of variants until the end of WWII. As with all officer dress daggers, they were not issued, but were private purchase items. Officers could customize these to suit their own tastes by upgrading them and customizing them in various ways.

WWII NAZI FELDGENDARMERIE POLICE GORGET CHAIN WW2

Lot #623 (Sale Order 727 of 952)

A Feldgendarmerie (Army Military Field Police) Gorget Chain- a textbook example. The chain is approximately 60cm (or 25 inches) long and is unmarked. Very Good The Feldgendarmerie, (Military Field Police), units were established on mobilization of the army in August 1939 and drew the majority of its personnel from the civil Ordnungspolizei, (Order Police), as they were already familiar with policing regulations and tasks. The Feldgendarmerie were assigned a wide variety of tasks that included, military traffic control, maintaining discipline and compliance of orders of the troops, the apprehension of stragglers and deserters, escorting POW’s, control of the civilian population, securing communication and supply lines, anti-partisan suppression and control of any disorder in the occupied rear areas of battle among other duties. The Feldgendarmerie were also empowered with the authority to perform location and personal searches and could demand required assistance from any military or civilian personnel. The Feldgendarmerie’s authority extended to the point that Feldgendarmerie’s ranks out-ranked similar military personnel’s ranks. As an expedient measure the Feldgendarmerie personnel originally wore police uniforms with army insignia added but by late 1939 or early 1940 they were issued army uniforms with distinct identifying insignia including a duty Gorget, a cufftitle and a police sleeve badge for wear by all ranks. The Feldgendarmerie gorget was first introduced in late 1938, as identification insignia for Military Field Police personnel and was only worn when the individual was performing policing duties. The gorget remained in usage through-out the war.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PAPER RALLY FLAGS LOT of 9 WW2

Lot #624 (Sale Order 728 of 952)

Lot of 9 WWII Nazi Rally or Parade Double Sided Paper Flags. 13-1/2"x 8-3/4" Paper Flags on wooden sticks. These were given out at Rallies and Parades. Excellent With a deep understanding of pageantry and symbolism, and its propaganda and psychological effectiveness, the NSDAP went to great lengths to reinforce their political party to the general populace of Germany, with repetitive slogans and the omnipresent use of the swastika. Swastikas adorned flags, banners and pennants and were utilized at every possible opportunity.

WWII NAZI GERMAN OFFICER'S SWORD HANGER LOT OF 2

Lot #625 (Sale Order 729 of 952)

Tan leather tear drop shaped hanger lot of two with leather reinforced, silver washed, steel friction carbine hook to front center. Leather tab tapers inward towards top edge and has a fold over strap with steel retaining stud. Inserted in the top fold over strap is a dual rectangular steel suspension ring. One has a felt backing with considerable moth damage but otherwise fine. The Sword/Sabre is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. After Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in early 1935 a wide variety of new sword and sabre designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht. Also during this time period a new way to wear the sword/sabre was introduced that resulted in the development of new sword/sabre hanging devices. The Imperial Army and Reichswehr form of wearing the sword/sabre was suspended from an "under belt", but this was changed to the easier method of wearing the sword/sabre on the outside of the tunic in the early to mid 1930's.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ASSORTED AWARD PACKETS LOT OF 15

Lot #626 (Sale Order 730 of 952)

WWII various lot of 15 original Nazi German award paper packets in various states. Medals include combat and not combatant awards.

WWII NAZI GERMAN RAD GORGET WITH CHAIN WW2

Lot #627 (Sale Order 731 of 952)

A scarce example of a Labor Corps gorget. Standard half moon shape w/ central Labor insignia superimposed over Party symbol. Above is a ribbon that reads "STREIFENDIENST". The Streifendienst was the special security service in the RAD. Gorget is nickel plated w/ aluminum chain & field gray/green wool backing. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN DRESS BAYONET LOT OF 3 WW2

Lot #628 (Sale Order 732 of 952)

A grouping of three WWII Nazi German dress bayonets to include 1) Marked "WKC" with a knight logo at the ricasso. 9.8" blade with a 1.8" false edge, 14.6" overall length. Has black composite grips and black painted steel scabbard. Scabbard shows minimal wear, retaining approximately 95% of its original finish. Blade is excellent with no dings or nicks to the edge. Excellent with original black leather frog. 2) Roughly, 25cm long, nickel/silver plated, drop forged, steel construction blade with wide fullers to each side. The blade is in overall very good, clean and bright condition with minor scabbard runner marks and light surface scratching. Unmarked. The leather washer is still intact. The bayonet has a nickel/silver plated alloy, opened muzzle ring, crossguard with one up-swept arm, a flash guard and a stylized eagle head pommel. The bayonet has diamond grooved, molded black bakelite grips which are secured to the hilt by two, small, dome headed steel rivets. The "TO" slotted, stylized eagle head pommel and stud button are intact and functional. The dome headed, throat retaining screw and frog lug are both intact. 3) 12 1/2" with 7 3/4" bright blademarked Anton Wigen Jr. retains leather washer and brown leather frog. Light overall wear. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN COMBAT BELT LOT HEER LUFTWAFFE

Lot #629 (Sale Order 733 of 952)

Lot of three WWII Nazi German combat belts to include 1) 1940 pattern, die stamped, steel construction, combat box buckle. Features a smooth outer field with a central, embossed, high relief, horizontally oval, laurel leaf wreath encompassing a domed, pebbled inner field with an embossed, second pattern, (Circa 1937/1938-1945), Luftwaffe eagle, with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in one talon, to the center. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse and has the brazed on buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Comes with a leather belt complete 85cm showing the same amount of wear. Good. Military belts and their corresponding buckles date back centuries and were initially designed for attaching swords and daggers. In 1847 Prussian Hauptmann Virschow introduced a new, innovative, box buckle with a quick release catch and corresponding belt for EM/NCO's ranks and initiated a new method of carrying personal equipment with the belt and shoulder straps supporting the majority of the weight. This system, with modifications, remains in use in most of the armies in the world to this day. During the Third Reich there was a prescribed form of wear of the belt and buckle with the buckle being positioned on the right side and the corresponding buckle catch on the left side. When the Reichsluftwaffe, (National Air-{Weapon}, Force), was official established on February 26TH 1935 as the third branch of service of the Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), personnel utilized the belt buckles of the earlier DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports Association), and the DLV Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base) the clandestine, civilian, forerunners of the Luftwaffe. Regulations of May 20TH 1935 introduced two, new style, belt buckles with one for EM/NCO personnel and the other for Officer's ranks. Of Note: On May 21ST 1935 the Reichsluftwaffe designation was altered to Luftwaffe, (Air-{Weapon}, Force). The belt buckle for EM/NCO's underwent minor modifications in late 1937 or early 1938 with a new pattern eagle and again in 1940 with a slight difference in construction. Originally the EM/NCO's buckles were produced with a silver finish until a blue/grey version was introduced, (Circa mid-1940), and a tropical, olive drab version was introduced in late 1940 although the silver finished buckles continued to be utilized, primarily for dress wear. The standard issue belt buckles were roughly, 4.5cm-4.7cm, (1 3/4"-1 7/8"), tall, and 6.5cm-6.7cm, (2 9/16"-2 5/8"), long, while private purchase belt buckles were generally a little smaller. Luftwaffe personnel initially utilized brown leather accoutrements but during the war the leather items were generally blackened. Originally military buckles produced under government contract had the addition of a leather, (canvas web for tropical buckles), tabs which were designed to help support the ammunition pouches and prevent slippage but regulations of March 28TH 1942 discontinued the tabs, although the directive was not completely adhered to. 2) 1940 pattern stamped steel construction, combat box buckle features a smooth outer field with a high relief, embossed Wehrmacht eagle with down swept wings to the slightly domed center, encompassed by an oak-leaf cluster to the bottom and script, "Gott Mit Uns", (God With Us), to the top. The oak-leaf cluster and script are on a ribbed background and are encircled by both an inner and outer simulated twisted rope border. The reverse of the buckle is a mirror image of the obverse. The reverse has the brazed buckle catch, prong bar and prongs all intact. Comes with a decent, complete 98cm leather EM/NCO belt. Good On January 24TH 1936 a new pattern EM/NCO’s belt buckle was officially introduced to replace the previously worn Weimar era Reichsheer buckle. The basic design of the Reichsheer buckle was retained with the addition of the new Wehrmacht style national eagle. This pattern buckle was worn through-out the Third Reich period with minor manufacturing variations. 3) Havanna brown belt with pebbled gilt washed alloy buckle. Buckle is unmarked and 106 cm in total length. Excellent.

WWII NAZI SWORD OVER THE SHOULDER SWORD HANGERS

Lot #630 (Sale Order 734 of 952)

WWII Nazi German sword hanger harness carriers are in a tear-drop shape leather with a springloaded metal clips. Sewn to the leather is a size adjustable smooth cloth strap with two metal clip's to adjust size. Shows light signs of age and wear, overall very good condition. The Sword/Sabre is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many army’s to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in early 1935 a wide variety of new sword and sabre designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht.

WWII Bronze Close Combat Clasp, A.G.M.u.K. Peekhas

Lot #631 (Sale Order 735 of 952)

Nicely detailed die struck zinc construction clasp. The clasp is in the form of a central square panel with a recessed background field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, positioned above a crossed bayonet and stick grenade, flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimpose on a ribbed, horizontal outward pointing base. The reverse has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad tapering horizontal pin and a soldered catch on an circular base plate all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed designer’s name and location "Fec. W. E. Peekhaus Berlin" and the manufacturer’s initials "AUSF. A.G.M.u.K. GARBLONZ". Excellent The Close Combat Clasp was introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

CASED WAR MERIT CROSS 1ST CLASS, 1939 WITH SWORDS

Lot #632 (Sale Order 736 of 952)

Die struck, alloy construction bravery award with a german nickle/silver plate is in the form of a Maltese style cross with a circular centerpiece with an embossed, canted, swastika encircled by an oak-leave wreath to the obverse. The swords, indicating bravery, emanated upwards between the arms of the cross. The background field of the obverse centerpiece is smooth while the arms of the cross have a pebbled background field with raised, smooth, outer edges. The plain, reverse has a soldered, solid style hinge with a broad pin and catch all intact. Maker marked "4" indicating manufacture by Steinhauer & Luck of Ludenscheid. The award comes housed in a roughly, 7cm square, 2cm thick, pressed cardboard and wood construction case with a black, simulated grained leather covering. The top lid of the case has an impressed, silvered outline of the War Merit Cross with swords. The interior of the top lid is lined in white satin while the interior bottom of the case has a vertical cut-out to secure the hinge, pin and catch assembly of the badge. The War Merit Cross was instituted by Adolf Hitler on October 18TH 1939, in two classes with both classes issued, with and without swords, for award to military personnel and civilians, including females and foreigners, for exemplary service and/or bravery in Germany’s war effort, in a non-combatant role. The addition of swords to the award signified bravery while awards without swords were bestowed for service. Of Note: The War Merit cross series of awards was expanded on August 19TH 1940, to include a Knight’s Cross of the War Merit Cross for award to personnel who had provided a substantial contribution to the war effort and the War Merit Medal for award to German nationals and foreign civilians who provided exceptional service to the war effort. Recipients of a War Merit Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Personnel who could afford it could opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. Of Note: The LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers), began regulating the manufacture of German awards in March 1941 as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a, Lieferantnummer, (Contractors Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licenced by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings.

1934 20TH LEIPZIG SHOOTING COMPETITION BADGE

Lot #633 (Sale Order 737 of 952)

(Leipzig Bundesschießen Medaille). Constructed of silver, on loop for suspension from its period original ribbon, the obverse with a raised depiction of the Monument to the Battle of the Nations, on top of a mobile swastika, the reverse with an inscription of “20. DEUTSCHES BUNDES-SCHIEßEN LEIPZIG 1934”, the edge marked with a silver content number of “1000” and “FEIN” indicting pure silver, measuring 40.28 mm in diameter. Very good condition.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 1st CLASS IRON CROSS CASED WW2

Lot #634 (Sale Order 738 of 952)

Die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered hinge, a broad, tapered, vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse of the pin is well marked with the embossed manufacturer's numerical code "1", indicating manufacture by Deschler & Sohn. The cross comes housed in its wood and pressed cardboard construction issue case with a simulated black grained leather covering. The cross and interior case are in excellent condition. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CASED SPANGE TO THE IRON CROSS

Lot #635 (Sale Order 739 of 952)

Nicely detailed, die struck, second pattern, frosted nickel/silver plated, alloy award in the form of a national eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an oak-leaf wreath which encompasses a canted swastika positioned above a horizontal, trapezoidal, date bar with diagonally angled ends and the embossed institution date, "1939". The award shows nice detailing including feathering to the eagles wings and a subtly textured background field to the swastika and the date bar. The eagle’s wingspan is roughly, 43mm from tip to tip, and the award is roughly, 30mm tall. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. The award comes housed in its original roughly, 70mm square, 20mm thick, wood and pressed cardboard construction issue case with a simulated, black, grained leather covering. The top of the case has an impressed, silvered likeness of the award to the center. The fold back top lid has a magnetic staggered bar hinge to the reverse and a magnetic spring activated closure button to the obverse both intact. The interior of the case has a black flocking covering to the bottom with a slotted recess to secure the award in place and the interior top lid has a white satin lining. Excellent On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT BADGE W/ DOCUMENT

Lot #636 (Sale Order 740 of 952)

Nicely detailed, die struck zink construction clasp. The clasp features a central square panel with a recessed background field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings, positioned above a crossed bayonet and grenade, flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimpose on a ribbed, horizontal outward, pointing base. The recessed central square has its backing plate. The reverse has a solid, soldered, hinge inset into a rectangular recess with raised outer edges, a broad, tapering, horizontal pin and catch inset into an oval recess with raised outer edges all intact. The reverse is well marked with the faint, embossed designers name and location, "Fec. W. E. Peekhaus Berlin", and the manufacturers initials, "FLL.", with each initial encompassed by a circular border indicating manufacture by Friedrich Linden of Lüdenscheid. Accompanying the medal is the award document named to an Oberfeldwebel Walter Vogel of the II Company of the 128th Panzer Regiment for 30 days of combat. and is dated 2/11/1945. Excellent. The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armour. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS WITH DOCUMENT PANZER

Lot #637 (Sale Order 741 of 952)

IRON CROSS 2ND CLASS. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Accompanying the medal is the award document named to an Oberfeldwebel Walter Vogel of the II Company of the 128th Panzer Regiment and is dated 10/03/1943. Excellent.

WWII NAZI INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE W DOCUMENT WW2

Lot #638 (Sale Order 742 of 952)

INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE IN SILVER. Injection molded, zinc construction, solid backed, badge with a silver wash features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in its talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, bolt action, rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. The solid reverse has an integral, molded, hinge, a thin, round, vertical, pin and an integral catch all intact. The reverse of the badge is well marked with the stamped, somewhat stylized, manufacturer’s initials within a circular border, "GWL", indicating manufacture by Gebrüder Wegerhof of Lüdenscheid. The Infantry Assault Badge in silver was introduced on December 20TH 1939 by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, for award to Officers, and EM/NCO's of non-motorized, Infantry and Mountain Infantry units. Criteria for the award varied, with the main qualification being participation in three separate Infantry assaults. Of Note: On June 1ST 1940 a bronze version of the Infantry Assault Badge was introduced for award to Officer's, and EM/NCO's of Motorized Infantry units. Accompanying the medal is the award document for the Bronze badge named to an Unteroffiffizier Walter Vogel of the II Company of the 128th Panzer Regiment and is dated 10/03/1943. Excellent.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SOLDBUCH TIGER TANK PHOTO BADGE

Lot #639 (Sale Order 743 of 952)

PANZER ASSAULT BADGE IN SILVER by Hermann Aurich PHOTO OF TIGER TANK AND SOLDBUCH LOT. 1) PANZER ASSAULT BADGE. Die struck zinc construction, solid backed, badge with a silver washed finish features a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the cut-out, forward profile of a tank. As is typical with a zinc production examples it has pushed away most of its original silver wash and has reverted to the flat matte grey of the base alloy. The plain, solid, reverse has a crimped, soldered hinge inset into a circular recess with raised securing lips, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch on a circular base plate inset into a circular recess all intact. The reverse of the badge is well marked with the stylized, manufacturer’s initials, "AH", indicating manufacture by Hermann Aurich of Dresden. 2) BLACK AND WHITE PHOTO OF TIGER TANK. First generation photo of a Tiger tank measuring 4 1/4 X 2 3/4 inches. Finally a well worn soldbuch belonging to Albert Foster. Inside the Soldbuch are several also very worn documents as seen in the photos.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PARATROOPER BADGE & SULDBUCH WW2

Lot #640 (Sale Order 744 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Fallschirmjäger Grouping consisting of a Luftwaffe Soldbuch named to a Fallschirmjäger flak member, member Joseph Brethen who was killed on February 21st, 1944. Soldbuch is heavily worn but is nicely filled out. 2) WWII Romanian Crusade Against Communism Medal with partial packet. 3) PARATROOPER'S BADGE. Mid-war production, two piece, die struck zinc award with silver and gilt washed finishes features a stylized "diving" eagle clutching a swastika in its talons, encompassed by a vertically oval wreath. The wreath features embossed laurel leaves to the left hand side and oak-leaves to the right hand side. The badge shows nice detailing including the "feathering" to the eagle and cut-outs to the arms of the swastika. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two small dome headed rivets which are visible in circular recesses to the reverse of the badge. The reverse of the wreath has a solid, soldered hinge, a thin round vertical pin (pin is replaced) and catch inset into an recess all intact. The reverse of the eagle is well marked with stamped manufacturer's initials, "B&NL", indicating manufacture by Berg & Nolte, Lüdenscheid. This is the type "C" example with the eagle and wreath both being in zinc. 4) IRON CROSS SECOND CLASS. 4) 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #641 (Sale Order 745 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of two. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #642 (Sale Order 746 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of two. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #643 (Sale Order 747 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of two. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #644 (Sale Order 748 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of two. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Excellent

WWII NAZI IRON CROSS 2ND CLASS 65 MKD W/ ENVELOPE

Lot #645 (Sale Order 749 of 952)

1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Ring marked, ‘65' for Klein & Quenzer A.G. Idar/Oberstein. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Also included is the original issue packet. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #646 (Sale Order 750 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of two. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The crosses comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN 2nd CLASS IRON CROSS LOT OF 3 WW2

Lot #647 (Sale Order 751 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron lot of three. 1) 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Unmarked. The cross comes with a piece of replaced or fake ribbed rayon ribbon. Ring is marked 27 indicating the maker Anton Schenkel 2) 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medals loop and ribbon suspension ring are not original to the cross and have been repaired. Unmarked. The cross comes with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. 3) 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse features an embossed, high relief, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The reverse bottom arm has the embossed original institution date, "1813". The swastika is in nice high relief while the dates are somewhat lower. The medal loop and ribbon suspension ring are both intact. Ring marked, ‘65' for Klein & Quenzer A.G. Idar/Oberstein. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Cross’s were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN GENERAL ASSAULT BADGE LOT OF 2

Lot #648 (Sale Order 752 of 952)

GENERAL ASSAULT BADGE LOT OF TWO. Die struck, solid backed, alloy construction award with a silver finish badges. The nicely detailed badge features a cut-out, high relief Wehrmacht styled eagle with down-swept wings positioned above a crossed bayonet and stick grenade, and encompassed by an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath. Complete pin and catch assembly to both. The General Assault badge was introduced on June 1ST 1940, by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, for award to support personnel who were ineligible for the Infantry or Panzer Assault badges. Criteria for award of the badge was basically the same as the criteria for award of the Infantry and Panzer Assault badges with the main qualification being participation in three separate assaults in a supporting role. On its introduction the badge was only intended for award to combat engineers and was designated, Pionier-Sturmabzeichen, (Engineer’s Assault Badge). Shortly afterwards award of the badge was extended to other support personnel including artillery and assault gun personnel, anti-tank and anti-aircraft personnel and medical personnel. Of Note: Before the introduction of the Tank Destruction Strip in March 1942, personnel who had single handedly destroyed an enemy tank with Infantry weapons were awarded the General Assault Badge.

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER ASSAULT BADGE IN SILVER

Lot #649 (Sale Order 753 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER ASSAULT BADGE IN SILVER. Die struck alloy construction, solid backed, badge with a nickle/silver plated finish features a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing the forward profile of a tank. The plain, solid, reverse has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch on an oval base plate all intact. The badge has no visible manufacturer's marks. Very nice example. The Panzer Assault Badge in silver was instituted by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch on December 20TH 1939 for award to all ranks of tank personnel who served as a tank commander, driver, gunner or radio operator and had been involved in three different armored assaults on three different days. The institution order indicated the criteria for award of the badge was to be effective as of January 1ST 1940. Of Note: On June 1ST 1940 a Bronze version of the Panzer Assault Badge was introduced for award to Panzer-Grenadier, medical, and armored car personnel who participated in three different armored assaults on three different days.

WWII NAZI GERMAN TANK 50 ASSAULT BADGE WW2

Lot #650 (Sale Order 754 of 952)

WWII NAZI GERMAN 50 PANZER ASSAULT BADGE BY GB. Large, roughly, 2 1/2", (6.3 cm), tall, 1 3/4", (4.5 cm), wide, three piece, die struck zinc alloy construction, scooped backed, badge with silver, burnished gray, gilt and black finishes, is in the form of a broad, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with acorns and a Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the cut-out, forward, profile of a tank. The tank barrel, one track and a fender overlap the wreath on the right hand side. The separate, scooped backed, tank is secured to the wreath by two rivets which are visible to the reverse. The wreath, eagle and tank all show nice detailing. The bottom, center, of the wreath has a small, horizontally, rectangular panel with a separate, inset plate with the embossed numeral, "50" and a raised outer edge. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. The reverse of the tank is marked "G.B." which indicates it was produced by Gustav Brehmer which was located in Mark Neukirchen.

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARMY FLAK BADGE BY HERMAN AURICH

Lot #651 (Sale Order 755 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge with a silver wash, features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle, with down-swept wings, clutching a canted swastika in its talons, superimpose to the top center, encompassing the likeness of a nicely detailed, cut-out, 88mm anti-aircraft artillery piece with the barrel extending beyond the outer edge of the wreath. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. Maker marked to Herman Aurich. The German Army Flak, (Anti-aircraft Artillery), Badge was instituted by Generalfeldmarschall Walther von Brauchitsch, on July 18TH 1941, for bestowal to army anti-aircraft battery crews, with the award of the badge based on a point structure basis. Of Note: Although Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe was the ultimate authority of all things concerned with flight including anti-aircraft defence most division within the German army had a subordinate Flak battalion that usually contained three 88mm caliber batteries and an additional two 20mm caliber batteries to provide internal air defense.

WWII NAZI BRONZE INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE BY JFS

Lot #652 (Sale Order 756 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, alloy construction badge with a bronze wash features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. The reverse has a ball hinge inset into a circular recess with a raised outer lip, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch on a rectangular base plate with raised retaining lips all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed manufacturers initials within a rectangular border, "JFS." indicating manufacture by Josef Feix Söhne of Gablonz. Nice badge! When Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, introduced the Infantry Assault Badge in Silver on December 20TH 1939 bestowal of the badge was not extended to motorized infantry personnel. This was rectified on June 1ST 1940 with the introduction of the Infantry Assault Badge in Bronze for award to Officer's, and EM/NCO's of Motorized Infantry units. The requirements for bestowal, and design of the badge matched those of the silver badge. The criteria for the award varied, with the main qualification being participation in three separate motorized Infantry assaults.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SILVER INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE WW2

Lot #653 (Sale Order 757 of 952)

Die struck, solid backed, zinc construction badge with a silver washed finish. The nicely detailed badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out rifle with fixed bayonet and sling. The solid reverse has a crimped hinge (variant for Wiedmann), a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch all intact. The reverse is well marked with the manufacturers logo indicating manufacture by Adolf Scholze. The Infantry Assault Badge in silver was introduced on December 20TH 1939 by Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, for award to all ranks of non-motorized, Infantry and Mountain Infantry units who participated in three different assaults on three different days. The institution order indicated the criteria for award of the badge was to be effective as of January 1ST 1940. Of Note: Bestowal of the Infantry Assault badge in silver was not extended to motorized infantry personnel so on June 1ST 1940 von Brauchitsch introduced the Infantry Assault Badge in bronze for award to all ranks of Motorized Infantry units with the same criteria for award as the silver badge.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OBSERVERS BADGE by GWL

Lot #654 (Sale Order 758 of 952)

Nice quality, nickel/silver plated and burnished finished, die struck, alloy construction, two piece badge is in the form of a nickel/silver plated, vertically oval, wreath with a separate, dark, burnished silver finished, stylized, spread winged eagle in flight, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, mounted on the wreath. The eagle is attached to the wreath by two, small, demple headed rivets which are visible to the reverse. The vertically oval wreath features embossed laurel leaves to the right side and oak-leaves to the left side. The nicely convex wreath and the highly vaunted eagle both show nice detailing including intricate feathering and cut-outs to the wing tips, tail feathers and the swastika and high relief details to the wreath. The eagles wings extend beyond both sides of the wreath. The smooth reverse of the wreath has a barrel type hinge, a thin, round vertical pin, and catch. The reverse of the eagle is well marked with the impressed manufacturer’s name logo GWL or Gebrüder Wegerhoff, Lüdenscheid. The observer’s qualification badge was introduced by Hermann Göring on March 26TH 1936 for award to observers, navigators and bombardiers who had met the required criteria. The observer’s badge was awarded on an individual basis and criteria for bestowal included five operational flights over enemy territory or a minimum of two months active service. As with other flyer’s specialty badges a cloth version of the observer’s badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officer’s.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE AIR GUNNER'S BADGE WW2

Lot #655 (Sale Order 759 of 952)

Two piece, die struck alloy construction badge. The badge is in the form of a nicely convexed, vertically oval, wreath with laurel leaves to the left side and oak-leaves to the right side and a canted swastika superimposed to the bottom center. Mounted on the wreath is a highly vaunted, stylized eagle in flight. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two rivets which are visible on the reverse. The eagles wing tips extend just beyond the outer edge of the wreath. The badge shows nice quality detailing including a cut-out to the top arm of the swastika, intricate feathering to the wings and high relief details to the wreath. Pin and the catch are present. The reverse of the eagle is well marked with the stamped, manufacturers name JMME. Excellent. The Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s qualification badge was introduced by order of Hermann Göring on June 1942 for award to air gunners, flight engineers, and flight meteorologists who had met the required criteria. The Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s badge was awarded on an individual basis to qualified personnel and as with other flyer’s specialty badges a cloth version of the badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officer’s. The Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s qualification badge followed the same pattern of the earlier introduced, (March 26TH 1936), Wireless Operators/Air Gunners badge with the exclusion of the lightning bolts. Of Note: After the introduction of the Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s badge the Wireless Operator’s/Air Gunner’s badge was re-designated Bordfunkerabzeichen, (Wireless Operator’s Badge), and was bestowed exclusively to Wireless Operators. Also Of Note: On April 25TH 1944 another version of the Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s qualification badge was introduced for award to flight engineers, and flight meteorologists who were not qualified as air gunner’s. it followed the same pattern as the earlier Air Gunner’s/Flight Engineer’s badge but in reverse colors with a dark wreath and a bright eagle.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE PARATROOPER'S BADGE

Lot #656 (Sale Order 760 of 952)

Two piece, injected molded alloy award with burnished silver and gilt washed finishes features a stylized, "diving", eagle clutching a swastika in its talons, encompassed by a vertically oval wreath. The wreath features embossed laurel leaves to the right hand side and oak-leaves to the left hand side. The badge shows nice detailing including the "feathering" to the eagle and cut-outs to the arms of the swastika. The eagle is secured to the wreath by two, small, flat headed rivets which are visible to the reverse of the badge. The reverse of the wreath has a solid, soldered, hinge, a thin, round, vertical pin and molded catch all intact. The reverse of the eagle is well marked with a stamped, stylized "A L/64", indicating manufacturer by F. W. Assmann & Söhne, Lüdenscheid. MINT As a result of observations of the Russian experimentation with the newly developing paratroop personnel in 1928 the Germans began serious consideration of also developing paratroop units and plans were drawn up for formation of such units in late 1935. Both the Luftwaffe and Army eventually established paratrooper units, consisting of voluntary personnel, on January 29TH 1936 and March 31ST 1937 respectively and a paratroop training school was established at Stendal in early 1937. The Paratrooper’s qualification badge was instituted by Hermann Göring on November 5TH 1936 for award to Luftwaffe personnel who had written the required tests and completed six parachute jumps. Individuals who were awarded the badge were obligated to requalify annually in order to retain it. On May 2ND 1944 award of the badge was extended to include Luftwaffe medical, administrative and legal personnel who had passed the required tests and completed one parachute jump. As with most other Luftwaffe qualification badges a cloth version of the paratroopers badge was authorized for wear on the flight blouse with a machine embroidered pattern for EM/NCO’s and a hand embroidered pattern for Officers.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE U-BOAT WAR BADGE

Lot #657 (Sale Order 761 of 952)

Cased, die struck, alloy construction badge with a faded gilt washed finish, is in the form of a horizontally oval, embossed, laurel leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, profile view of a submarine. The badge is nicely detailed and features veins to the laurel leaves, cut-out detailing to the swastika’s arms, the submarine’s conning tower, flag, and the forward deck gun. Original pin and catch are complete. Unmarked. The U-Boat, (Submarine), War Badge was instituted by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder on October 13TH 1939 for award to all ranks of U-Boat personnel who had served on at least two sorties against the enemy, or were wounded or killed in action. When bestowed the U-Boat War Badge was accompanied by an award/possession document. The design of the U-Boat War Badge was based on the 1918, Imperial, U-Boat War Badge but replaced the Imperial crown with the national eagle and swastika. The badge was to be worn, by qualified personnel, on the lower left breast of most uniforms. Of Note: At the conclusion of WWI an article of the Treaty of Versailles had expressly forbidden Germany from building and developing any type of U-Boat arm of service and although a Anglo-German Naval Agreement was negotiated in June 1935, permitting the Germans to produce a small number of U-Boats, at the outbreak of WWII, in September 1939, the German navy was drastically ill-prepared to go to war with less then sixty, serviceable U-Boats in total, of which only about twenty-five were suitable for operations in the deep seas of the Atlantic ocean. In spite of the shortage of serviceable vessels, under the command of, Kapitän zur See Karl Dönitz, (Later, Großadmiral, and Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine and also appointed as Hitler’s as the last head of the Third Reich state in May 1945, as Reichs Präsident), the German U-Boat arm originally had resounding success, during the, Glückliche Zeit, (Happy Time, Roughly, July 1940-May 1943), being credited with sinking roughly two hundred and fifteen allied vessels with registered tonnage of almost 750,000 tonnes by the end of 1939. Großadmiral Raeder was so pleased with Dönitz, early success that he presented him with a special version of the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds, (Circa 1941). Although not an officially sanctioned badge, the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds was also later bestowed by Dönitz, in a slightly different version then his own badge, to roughly twenty-seven U-Boat commanders who has already been awarded a Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak-Leaves. The effectiveness of the German U-Boat offensive was well recognized by Winston Churchill which he expressed with such quotes as, "The only thing that really frightened me during the war was the U-Boat peril", and, "The U-Boat attack was our worst evil. It would have been wise for the Germans to stake all upon it". Also Of Note: German U-Boat personnel casualties are estimated to be as high as 80%, or more, resulting in it being one, if not the most, dangerous branch of service during WWII.

WWII NAZI KRIEGSMARINE AUXILIARY CRUISER BADGE FO

Lot #658 (Sale Order 762 of 952)

One piece, die struck, zinc construction badge with plated finishes. The badge is in the form a gilt washed, vertically oval, embossed, oak-leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, "Viking" style, long boat with full sail, cruising on a separate likeness of a nickel/silver plated, northern portion of the globe. The detailing includes the dragon figurehead and oval shields on the ship, longitude and latitude lines and the embossed outline of Great Britain, Western Europe and North Africa on the globe. The separate globe is attached to the badge by a single, small, dome headed, rivet which is visible on the reverse. The reverse has a soldered hinge, a needle vertical pin and a soldered retaining catch all intact. Maker marked FO indicating the maker Friedrich Orth. The Auxiliary Cruiser War Badge was instituted on April 24TH 1941, by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder, for award to armed Merchant Marine personnel, to recognise their contribution in harassing and sinking Allied merchant ships. The Auxiliary Cruisers, also designated, HSK, Handels-Stör-Kreuzer, (Merchant/Trade-Disruption-Cruisers), were an assortment of German merchant ships, in the 7,000 GRT displacement range, that were secretly refitted with armaments and sailed under the pretense of neutral ships, flying neutral country’s and even Allied flags thereby taking the Allies by surprise. Many of the Auxiliary Cruisers were also outfitted with false funnels and other camouflage techniques to disguise their actual purpose. The armaments of the Auxiliary Cruisers usually consisted of six, 15cm guns, two to six torpedo tubes and a variety of 40mm, 37mm and 20mm automatic guns and most were also equipped with either Arado Ar 196 or Heinkel He114, reconnaissance aircraft. The Komet, HSK-7, the Kormoran HSK-8 and the Michel, HSK-9 were also outfitted with small torpedo boats. The Auxiliary Cruisers were credited with sinking roughly 800,000 tons of Allied shipping during the war. Of the eleven main Auxiliary Cruisers, six were sunk by enemy action, one burnt in Yokohama harbor, one was scuttled after battle damage, one was decommissioned and the remaining two were captured by the Allies at the end of the war. Of Note: Generally the early production Auxiliary Cruiser War Badges had the separate likeness of the globe attached by a single rivet, while later war production versions were manufactured as a single piece.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE DESTROYER WAR BADGE

Lot #659 (Sale Order 763 of 952)

Nice quality, die struck alloy, solid back construction badge with gilted washed and nickel/silver plated finishes. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a small national eagle with down-swept wings superimposed to the top center, encompassing the forward profile view of a nickel/silver plated destroyer and waves. The reverse of the badge has a heavy, solid, soldered hinge, a broad tapering horizontal pin, a heavy soldered catch and a soldered retaining hook to the top all intact. The reverse is well marked with the embossed manufacturer's name and location, "Schwerin Berlin 68". Nice example. The Destroyer War Badge was instituted on June 4TH 1940 by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder, for award to destroyer crew members who had participated in the naval battle for Narvik, Norway, under the command of Kommodore Friedrich Bonte. Regulations of October 1940 extended bestowal of the Destroyer War Badge to include other destroyer, torpedo, and E-boat personnel involved in other naval battles who met a preset criteria. Of Note: Torpedo and E-boat personnel were no longer eligible for the Destroyer War Badge after the introduction of the E-boat Badge on May 30TH 1941.

WWII KRIEGSMARINE SCHNELLBOOT E-BOAT BADGE AS WW2

Lot #660 (Sale Order 764 of 952)

Die struck second pattern S-boat badge. The badge is in the form of a vertically oval oak-leaf wreath with a small national eagle with out-stretched wings superimposed to the top center encompassing a short length tall silhouette, S-boat cutting through the waves. The badge is nicely detailed with the forward torpedo tube, pilots bridge and a flag all clearly visible. The boat and the waves both overlap the oak-leaf wreath. The reverse has a soldered solid hinge a verticel neddle pin and catch. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN NSFK PILOT’S BADGE SECOND VERSION

Lot #661 (Sale Order 765 of 952)

In die stamped silvered tombac, nice dark patina, marked GES.GESCH 22639 on reverse, extremely fine. The National Socialist Flyers Corps (German: Nationalsozialistisches Fliegerkorps; NSFK) was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party that was founded 15 April 1937 as a successor to the German Air Sports Association; the latter had been active during the years when a German air force was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles. The NSFK organization was based closely on the para-military organization of the Sturmabteilung (SA). A similar group was the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK). During the early years of its existence, the NSFK conducted military aviation training in gliders and private airplanes. Friedrich Christiansen, originally a Generalleutnant then later a Luftwaffe General der Flieger, was NSFK Korpsführer from 15 April 1937 until 26 June 1943, followed by Generaloberst Alfred Keller until 8 May 1945.

WWII NAZI GERMAN KRIEGSMARINE U-BOAT WAR BADGE RK

Lot #662 (Sale Order 766 of 952)

Die struck, alloy construction badge is in the form of a horizontally oval, embossed, laurel leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, profile view of a submarine. The badge is nicely detailed and features veins to the laurel leaves, cut-out detailing to the submarine’s conning tower, flag, and the forward deck gun. Complete pin and catch assembly. The reverse is well marked with impressed stylized manufacturer's initials within a circular border, "RK", indicating manufacture by Rudolf Karneth Gablonz. The U-Boat, (Submarine), War Badge was instituted by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder on October 13TH 1939 for award to all ranks of U-Boat personnel who had served on at least two sorties against the enemy, or were wounded or killed in action. When bestowed the U-Boat War Badge was accompanied by an award/possession document. The design of the U-Boat War Badge was based on the 1918, Imperial, U-Boat War Badge but replaced the Imperial crown with the national eagle and swastika. The badge was to be worn, by qualified personnel, on the lower left breast of most uniforms. Of Note: At the conclusion of WWI an article of the Treaty of Versailles had expressly forbidden Germany from building and developing any type of U-Boat arm of service and although a Anglo-German Naval Agreement was negotiated in June 1935, permitting the Germans to produce a small number of U-Boats, at the outbreak of WWII, in September 1939, the German navy was drastically ill-prepared to go to war with less then sixty, serviceable U-Boats in total, of which only about twenty-five were suitable for operations in the deep seas of the Atlantic ocean. In spite of the shortage of serviceable vessels, under the command of, Kapitän zur See Karl Dönitz, (Later, Großadmiral, and Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine and also appointed as Hitler’s as the last head of the Third Reich state in May 1945, as Reichs Präsident), the German U-Boat arm originally had resounding success, during the, Glückliche Zeit, (Happy Time, Roughly, July 1940-May 1943), being credited with sinking roughly two hundred and fifteen allied vessels with registered tonnage of almost 750,000 tonnes by the end of 1939. Großadmiral Raeder was so pleased with Dönitz, early success that he presented him with a special version of the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds, (Circa 1941). Although not an officially sanctioned badge, the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds was also later bestowed by Dönitz, in a slightly different version then his own badge, to roughly twenty-seven U-Boat commanders who has already been awarded a Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak-Leaves. The effectiveness of the German U-Boat offensive was well recognized by Winston Churchill which he expressed with such quotes as, "The only thing that really frightened me during the war was the U-Boat peril", and, "The U-Boat attack was our worst evil. It would have been wise for the Germans to stake all upon it". Also Of Note: German U-Boat personnel casualties are estimated to be as high as 80%, or more, resulting in it being one, if not the most, dangerous branch of service during WWII.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DAY FIGHTER CLASP WW2

Lot #663 (Sale Order 767 of 952)

Clasp, zinc production, in the form of a central circular laurel leaf wreath, with static swastika superimposed to bottom, encompassing an upward pointing, winged arrow. Three parallel rows of oak-leaves extend horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. Burnished silver winged arrow attached by one small dome headed rivet. Reverse with solid hinge, broad tapering horizontal pin, and soldered catch. The reverse of the clasp is well marked with the stamped manufacturer’s name and location, "G.H. Osang Dresden". The Day Fighter’s Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on January 30TH 1941, along with two other clasps, in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. Besides the original three clasps five more Operational flying clasps were introduced between November 1941 and April 1944, and by mid-1942 many pilots and air crews were surpassing the number of Operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Reichsmarschall Herman Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights over one hundred and ten with a prescribed number of operational flights required for award depending on the type of clasp. In the case of the Day Fighter’s Operational Flying Clasp, five hundred operational flights were necessary for the award of the star burst pendant. pendant. Due to the ever increasing operational flights achieved by Luftwaffe personnel Göring decided to replace the sun burst pendant on April 29TH 1944 with a new numbered pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DAY FIGHTER CLASP WW2

Lot #664 (Sale Order 768 of 952)

Clasp, zinc production with bronze wash in the form of a central circular laurel leaf wreath, with static swastika superimposed to bottom, encompassing an upward pointing, winged arrow. Three parallel rows of oak-leaves extend horizontally outward from either side of the central wreath. Winged arrow attached by one small dome headed rivet. Reverse with solid hinge, broad tapering horizontal pin, and soldered catch. The reverse of the clasp is well marked with the stamped manufacturer’s name and location, "G.H. Osang Dresden". The Day Fighter’s Operational Flying Clasp was introduced by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on January 30TH 1941, along with two other clasps, in a series of eight that were instituted at different points through-out the war to recognize the increasing number of operational flights achieved by specialized Luftwaffe personnel. All eight of the clasps were awarded in three grades of, Bronze for twenty operational flights, Silver for sixty operational flights, and Gold for one hundred ten operational flights. Besides the original three clasps five more Operational flying clasps were introduced between November 1941 and April 1944, and by mid-1942 many pilots and air crews were surpassing the number of Operational flights required for award of the clasps, so on June 26TH 1942, Reichsmarschall Herman Göring introduced a star burst pendant device to recognize operational flights over one hundred and ten with a prescribed number of operational flights required for award depending on the type of clasp. In the case of the Day Fighter’s Operational Flying Clasp, five hundred operational flights were necessary for the award of the star burst pendant. pendant. Due to the ever increasing operational flights achieved by Luftwaffe personnel Göring decided to replace the sun burst pendant on April 29TH 1944 with a new numbered pendant. The numbered pendants began at "200" and went up as high as "2000" in increments of one hundred.

WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE DAK RING IN SILVER WW2

Lot #665 (Sale Order 769 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Luftwaffe DAK ring marked 900 to it's interior and is made of a three piece construction with a brass top center piece that has a Luftwaffe droop tailed eagle. In the background is an engraved palm tree with the letter D.A.K. Deutsches Afrikakorps. To the sides are African motifs as well. Ring is in excellent condition and is roughly a size 9.

WWII NAZI GERMAN POLITCAL BRACELET W SWASTIKA WW2

Lot #666 (Sale Order 770 of 952)

Early Pre WWII political bracelet stylistically executed with a silver linked bracelet and to the center is the National colors in translucent red, white and black to the background and in the foreground is a black enameled swastika. Excellent

WW2 NAZI GERMAN 25 YEAR FAITHFUL SERVICE MEDAL LOT

Lot #667 (Sale Order 771 of 952)

Three second class, die struck alloy decorations with nickel-silver plated highlights, a frosted white finish and a black enamel swastika. The decoration is in the form of a cross Pattée with a circular oak-leaf wreath extending between the arms of the cross. The center of the cross has a square plate with a black enameled static swastika to the obverse, and the embossed Gothic script to the reverse, "Für treue Dienste" (For Loyal Service). The arms of the cross have a slightly textured background field with a smooth, dual stepped, raised outer edge. Two complete with original ribbons with pin-back device and one is missing ribbon. On January 30th, 1938, Hitler instituted the Faithful Service Decoration, in three classes, to recognize long-serving civil servants and public works personnel. The decorations were intended to be an incentive for the civilian population to foster workplace loyalty and create a stable civil service. The three classes of the decoration consisted of the special class for fifty years of continuous service with the same employer in the free economic system, the first class decoration for forty years of service, and the second class for twenty-five years service. All three classes followed the same basic design, with minor variations

WWII NAZI GERMAN MOTHERS CROSS LOT OF TWO WW2

Lot #668 (Sale Order 772 of 952)

WWII Nazi German NSDAP Mothers Cross lot of two to include 1) MOTHER'S CROSS IN BRONZE. Second pattern, two piece, stamped tombac award with a bronze wash and blue and white enamel work. Award in the form of a Christian cross with outward fluted arms in semi-translucent blue enamel with white enamel border. Cross has a raised sunburst pattern emanating between its arms. Separate central circular field with white enamel base and black static swastika, encompassed by a circular border with embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter", (The German Mother). Reverse has impressed simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938", and facsimile Hitler signature. Original ribbon is also included. 2) MOTHER'S CROSS IN SILVER. Second pattern, two piece, stamped tombac award with a silver wash and blue and white enamel work. Award in the form of a Christian cross with outward fluted arms in semi-translucent blue enamel with white enamel border. Cross has a raised sunburst pattern emanating between its arms. Separate central circular field with white enamel base and black static swastika, encompassed by a circular border with embossed Latin script, "Der Deutschen Mutter", (The German Mother). Reverse has impressed simulated handwritten script, "16 Dezember 1938", and facsimile Hitler signature. Original ribbon is also included. The Mother’s Cross was introduced by Adolf Hitler on December 16TH 1938 as part of a large propaganda campaign aimed at increasing the birth rate. The award was officially designated, Honor Cross of the German Mother, and was instituted in three grades to recognize and reward child bearing German females. The three grades consisted of the bronze cross for bearing four or five children, the silver cross for bearing six or seven children and the gold cross for bearing eight or more children. Criteria for the award included that the parents be of pure German blood, and that the mother was worthy of such an honor. On its introduction the cross had the impressed inscription to reverse, "Das kind adelt die Mutter", (The child ennobles the mother), but this was inexplicably changed sometime in 1939. Bestowal of the cross was accompanied by an award certificate, a cash incentive for each child born and a miniature cross for everyday wear, with the actual cross being reserved for formal or ceremonial occasions. Of Note: Members of all youth organizations were required to salute wearers of the Mother’s Cross.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HEER NARVIK CAMPAIGN SHIELD WW2

Lot #669 (Sale Order 773 of 952)

Die stamped, alloy/zinc construction, shield featuring an embossed, stylized, national eagle with down-swept wings, clutching a wreathed, static swastika in its talons, to the top center, positioned above the embossed script, "Narvik 1940", an edelweiss flower and a crossed propeller and anchor. The edelweiss, propeller and anchor represent the Heer Gebirgsjäger, (Army Mountain troops), the Kriegsmarine and the Luftwaffe respectively, that participated in the victory at Narvik. Backing plate, feldgrau fabric and partial paper backing are present. The Narvik Campaign shield was the first of a series of campaign shields to be introduced and was established by Adolf Hitler on August 19TH 1940 for award to all Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), personnel who participated in the battle of Narvik Norway between April 9TH and June 9TH 1940. Of Note: Although the shield was officially introduced on August 19TH 1940 it wasn’t until September 12TH 1940 that the OKM, Oberkommando des Marine, (Navy High Command), published the issuing order, followed by the Luftwaffe, (Air-Force), the next day. The Kriegsmarine version of the shield was gilt washed while those awarded to Heer, (Army), and Luftwaffe personnel were silver washed. The shields were bestowed by Generalleutnant Eduard Dietl the commander of Army Group Narvik and it is alleged that a total of only 8,577 shields were awarded to all branches of service personnel. The shields were to be worn on the upper left sleeve of the uniform. The color of the backing material was to match that of the uniform it was to be worn on.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SCREW BACK IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS

Lot #670 (Sale Order 774 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy screw-back plate with a single embossed, horizontal rib, and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS WW2

Lot #671 (Sale Order 775 of 952)

1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika stands out in nice, high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered block type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical pin and original catch all intact. Unmarked. Excellent On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN IRON CROSS 1ST CLASS WWI

Lot #672 (Sale Order 776 of 952)

1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly with a heavy vault. The order of the Iron Cross was founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, after the "Freidenskrieg," or war of liberation from Napoleon, in 1813. It was to be an award for gallantry conferred only in time of war, and open to all soldiers, regardless of rank or social status. The Iron Cross was re-instituted at the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the First World War in 1914, and the Second World War in 1939. In each of the three latter cases, the specific re-institution date may be seen to the lower obverse arm.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN IRON CROSS LOT OF 2 WWI

Lot #673 (Sale Order 777 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German Iron Cross lot of two to include 1) 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Unmarked. 2) 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loop and ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon. Unmarked. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. The Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS SCREWBACK WW2

Lot #674 (Sale Order 778 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy clam shell screw-back plate and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS SCREWBACK WW2

Lot #675 (Sale Order 779 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy clam shell screw-back plate and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS 1st CLASS L/13 WW2

Lot #676 (Sale Order 780 of 952)

Private purchase, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy screw-back plate with a single embossed, horizontal rib, and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. The reverse of the screw-back plate cross is well marked with the embossed manufacturer's LDO code, "L13", indicating manufacture by Paul Meybauer. Very Good On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS 1st CLASS WW2

Lot #677 (Sale Order 781 of 952)

1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika stands out in nice, high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered block type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical "Coke " bottle, pin and original catch all intact. Unmarked. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN HAMBURG HONOR CROSS WWI

Lot #678 (Sale Order 782 of 952)

WW1 Imperial German Hamburg Cross. A high quality, multi-piece, die struck alloy and enamel construction award, issued to post-war veterans of Hamburg. Its base takes the form of an eight-pointed, multi-rayed star, 65mm tall and 55mm wide, whose vertical oval center features the embossed depiction of a first war era, heavily-laden foot-soldier. Surrounding the oval center is a gold-washed border much like a string of pearls, and two gold-washed swords crossing underneath the oval and between the arms of the gold-bordered, white enamel cross pâté which projects from the center. To the reverse is a heavy hinge, broad, vertical pin, and large catch assembly. Stamped to the reverse is "Deutsches Feld-Ehrenzeichen" (German Field - Honor-award), "Ges. Gesch." (signifying patent pending) within an oval, and "Hamburg 11". Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN IRON CROSS 2nd CLASS LOT OF 2

Lot #679 (Sale Order 783 of 952)

Lot of two Imperial German Iron crosses lot. 1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style crosses with a single piece iron core and two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. The reverse of the cross features an embossed, central, oak-leaf cluster, with the "FW" cypher for King Friedrich Wilhelm III, a King’s crown to the top arm and the original institution date, "1813", to the bottom arm. All the emblems are in nice high relief. The ribbon suspension loops and rings are both intact. No ribbon. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. The Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The second class medal was for award to personnel who performed a single act of bravery in combat. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI.

WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS 1st CLASS MKD 6 WW2

Lot #680 (Sale Order 784 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Iron Cross. 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika stands out in nice, high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered, block type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact (tip of the catch is missing, but the batch is still mostly present). Also, the awards "front and back" look of have seperated at some point and have been re-attached fairly poorly. "The pin is well marked with the embossed manufacturer’s numerical code within a rectangular recess "6.", indicating manufacture by Fritz Zimmermann of Stuttgart. Not great condition but seldom encountered manufacturer. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were reinstituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914, by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more reinstituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross second class.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SA SPORTS BADGE LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #681 (Sale Order 785 of 952)

Lot of two WWII Nazi SA Sports badges in bronze and silver grades. The first is a Silver grade that is die struck magnetic sheet metal badge with a silver wash. The badge is in the form of a circular oak-leaf wreath encompassing an upward pointing Roman broad sword which is superimposed on a central canted swastika. Detailing includes veins to the oak-leaves horizontal ribbing to the sword grip and cut-outs to the interior of the circular wreath and swastika arms. Reverse is a mirror image of obverse. Raised soldered catch semi-rounded vertical pin and soldered catch all intact to reverse. Reverse is well marked with embossed third pattern inscription (circa 1939-44), "Eigentum der Obersten S.A. Führung", (Property of the SA Supreme Command). Reverse also has embossed manufacturers name and location. Finally the Bronze badge is die struck magnetic sheet metal badge with a bronze wash. The badge is in the form of a circular oak-leaf wreath encompassing an upward pointing Roman broad sword which is superimposed on a central canted swastika. Detailing includes veins to the oak-leaves horizontal ribbing to the sword grip and cut-outs to the interior of the circular wreath and swastika arms. Reverse is a mirror image of obverse. Raised soldered catch semi-rounded vertical pin and soldered catch all intact to reverse. Reverse is well marked with embossed third pattern inscription, (circa 1939-44), "Eigentum der Obersten S.A. Führung", (Property of the SA Supreme Command). Reverse also has embossed manufacturers name and location. Excellent. The SA, Sturmabteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), was originally formed in the August 1921 as a protective guard unit for the political leaders of the fledgling NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), and as with the NSDAP the SA was structure along para-military lines. The SA recruited most of its personnel from the ranks of the various Freikorps groups composed mainly of disgruntled ex-soldiers and was first utilized at a NSDAP meeting in Munich in November 1921. The SA Sports badge in bronze was instituted by SA-Stabschef Ernst Röhm on November 28TH 1933, for award to SA and SS personnel who passed the required criteria in physical fitness, military defence and field exercises. On February 15TH 1935, in an attempt to inspire the German public to greater levels of physical fitness, Hitler conferred official national status to the badge and expanded it to include a silver and gold grade. When the badges gained official national status, bestowal was opened to all German nationals who were strongly encouraged to qualify for award of one of the three grades.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SPORTS BADGE LOT DRL SA WW2

Lot #682 (Sale Order 786 of 952)

WWII Nazi German Sports badges to include 1) SA Sports badge in Bronze is die struck magnetic sheet metal badge with a bronze wash. The badge is in the form of a circular oak-leaf wreath encompassing an upward pointing Roman broad sword which is superimposed on a central canted swastika. Detailing includes veins to the oak-leaves horizontal ribbing to the sword grip and cut-outs to the interior of the circular wreath and swastika arms. Reverse is a mirror image of obverse. Raised soldered catch semi-rounded vertical pin and soldered catch all intact to reverse. Reverse is well marked with embossed third pattern inscription, (circa 1939-44), "Eigentum der Obersten S.A. Führung", (Property of the SA Supreme Command). Reverse also has embossed manufacturers name and location. 2) A 1937 pattern, die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Reverse has embossed manufacturers name. 3) Nazi German family photo postcard of a soldier with his wife and daughter. All are excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN DRL SPORTS BADGE W/ DOCUMENTS WW2

Lot #683 (Sale Order 787 of 952)

Award document and a 1937 pattern die struck bronze award. The badge is in the form of a vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Reverse has embossed manufacturers mark, "Wernstein Jena", and "D.R.G.M. 35269", for Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design, 35269). Complete soldered solid hinge, flat vertical retaining pin and standard soldered catch assembly all intact. Complete pin and catch assembly. The achievement booklet for this award" sports award. The 14cm x 22cm, tan colored, card stock cover of the booklet features an embossed image of the award, being an oval oak-leaf wreath with "DRL" in stylized script to its center and a swastika to its base. Nice photo and entries. Also included is an Imperial German photo postcard of the same soldier wearing his dress uniform and several modern copies of the same soldier. Excellent Originally introduced in 1913 as the DRA badge, this was modified in 1933 to the DRL, "Deutschen Reichsbundes für Leibesübungen" (German National-league for Physical-fitness), badge, and again in 1937 with the addition of the swastika. The award was intended as an incentive for physical training, and was issued to both males and females between 18 and 32 years old who met the required criteria for an eight year period, or those between the ages of 32 to 40 who met the criteria over a twelve month period.

WWII NAZI GERMAN DRL SPORTS BADGE SILVER BRONZE

Lot #684 (Sale Order 788 of 952)

WWII Nazi German DRL Sports badge lot of two to include 1) A 1937 pattern, die struck alloy award with a nickle/silver finish. The badge is in the form of a 50mm tall, vertical oval oak leaf wreath, with a mobile swastika and bow to its base, encompassing the stylized, cut-out letters, "DRL." To the reverse is a vertical pin-back device, hinged to its top and with a catch to its base. Embossed to the left of the reverse is "D.R.G.M. 35269" ("Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster," or, German National Registered-design [Patent] 35269), and "Wernstein Jena" is to the right. 2) The die struck bronze badge is in the form of an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a bow with superimposed canted swastika to the bottom center. The wreath encompasses ornate, stylized, nicely detailed, cut-out initials, "DRL". The scooped back reverse has a solid soldered hinge, a flat vertical pin and a heavy soldered catch all intact. The reverse is well marked with embossed manufacturers name and location, "Hensler-Pforzheim", and, "D.R.G.M. 35269", indicating Deutsche Reichs Gebrauchsmuster, (German National Registered Design). In 1913 the Deutscher Reichs Ausschuß für Tauglichkeit, (German National Committee for Physical Training), introduced the DRA, Deutscher Reichs Ausschuss, (German National Elite), sports badge in two grades of Gold and Bronze for award to males who had successfully passed the national physical fitness tests. In 1920 a silver grade of the badge was introduced and in 1921 females became eligible for award of the badge. In 1933 regulation of national physical training was passed to the DRL, Deutscher Reichsbund für Leibesübungen (German National Union for Physical Training) and the sports badge was altered by replacing the "A" with an "L". In 1937 the badge was modified once more with the inclusion of a swastika. The badges were intended to act as an incentive for physical training, and was issued to both males and females between eighteen and thirty-two years old who passed the required level of physical training in a twelve month period.

WWII NAZI GERMAN MEDAL LOT OF THREE ITALIAN HEER

Lot #685 (Sale Order 789 of 952)

WWII Nazi German medal lot to include 1) WWII GERMAN ITALIAN AFRIKA KORPS CAMPAIGN MEDAL. German Italian North Africa Campaign service medal. German made bronze variety pre 1944 made when these became illegal to wear. Medal measuring 31mm wide. On correct ribbon. Also known as the “Afrikakorps Medal”. This medal was struck on the initiative of an Italian Army Corps fighting in North Africa together with their German allies. It was given only to Germans but in 1944 a German Army High Command order prohibited the wearing of any Italian decorations mentioning especially this particular medal to be amongst them. 2) FOUR YEAR LONG SERVICE MEDAL. Silver washed, die struck, sheet metal construction, fourth class award for four years service, features an embossed Wehrmacht, (Armed Forces), style eagle with down swept wings, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons, encompassed by Gothic script, "Treue Dienste in der Wehrmacht" (Loyal Service in the Armed Forces), on a smooth background field to the obverse. The reverse has a large embossed numeral, "4" to the center encompassed by an embossed, circular, oak-leaf wreath. 3) RUSSIAN FRONT MEDAL 1941/42. Die struck, alloy construction, medal with a silver washed outer rim and helmet, and a blued center. The obverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with an embossed helmet and stick grenade to the top center and a high relief Wehrmacht style national eagle with down swept wings, clutching a static swastika in its talons which is superimposed on a laurel leaf sprig to the center. The reverse of the medal features a recessed outer rim with a smooth background field with embossed Latin script to the center, "Winterschlacht Im Osten 1941/42", (Winter Battle in the East 1941/42), above a crossed sword and laurel leaf sprig. The medal loop and the ribbon suspension ring are both intact. The cross comes complete with a piece of original ribbed rayon ribbon.

VIETNAM PATRIOTIC SILK FLAG DETERMINED TO WIN

Lot #686 (Sale Order 790 of 952)

This is the first a several flag that were brought back by a member of the Armed Forces who served during the Vietnam War. This all red silk flag measures 41 X 30 inches. having white fridge with the inscription Quy?t-Th?ng or Determined To Win with a five pointed star to the center. This is a known variant of the National Flag of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Excellent The flag of Vietnam, or c? d? sao vàng (red flag with yellow star) also c? t? qu?c (flag of fatherland), was designed in 1940 and used during an uprising against French rule in southern Vietnam that year.[1] Red symbolizes the bloodshed, revolution and struggle. The star represents the five main classes in Vietnamese society — workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals, and businessmen. The flag was used by the Viet Minh, a communist-led organization created in 1941 to oppose Japanese occupation. At the end of World War II, Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh proclaimed Vietnam independent and signed a decree on 5 September 1945 adopting the flag as the flag of the North Vietnam. The DRV became the government of North Vietnam in 1954 following the Geneva Accords. The flag was modified on 30 November 1955 to make the rays of the star sharper. Until the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, South Vietnam used a yellow flag with three red stripes. The red flag of North Vietnam was later adopted as the flag of the unified Vietnam in 1976

VIETNAM PATRIOTIC SILK FLAG WENT TO FIGHT AMERICA

Lot #687 (Sale Order 791 of 952)

This is the first a several flag that were brought back by a member of the Armed Forces who served during the Vietnam War. This all red cotton flag measures 41 X 26 inches. having off white fridge. The flag is dated 1966 and with the inscription ti?n lên dánh M? or went on to fight America showing an armed man and woman. Excellent

NEW YORK HERALD DEATH OF LINCOLN REPRINT

Lot #688 (Sale Order 792 of 952)

Framed reprint of the April 15th 1865 edition of The New York Herald announcing the death of Abraham Lincoln. Newspaper is in excellent condition with some yellowing and minor chipping. Measuring 21 X 25 in the frame Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, was assassinated by well-known stage actor John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865, while attending the play Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. Shot in the head as he watched the play,[2] Lincoln died the following day at 7:22 am, in the Petersen House opposite the theater. He was the first U.S. president to be assassinated,[4] with his funeral and burial marking an extended period of national mourning. Occurring near the end of the American Civil War, the assassination was part of a larger conspiracy intended by Booth to revive the Confederate cause by eliminating the three most important officials of the United States government. Conspirators Lewis Powell and David Herold were assigned to kill Secretary of State William H. Seward, and George Atzerodt was tasked with killing Vice President Andrew Johnson. Beyond Lincoln's death, the plot failed: Seward was only wounded and Johnson's would-be attacker lost his nerve. After a dramatic initial escape, Booth was killed at the climax of a 12-day manhunt. Powell, Herold, Atzerodt and Mary Surratt were later hanged for their roles in the conspiracy.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN FRAMED PHOTO OF KIASER

Lot #689 (Sale Order 793 of 952)

Framed Old photograph "Aus großer Zeit" (From great times) with Kaiser Wilhelm II and "his" generals measuring 25 X 29 inches in it's wooden frame. Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 1859 – 4 June 1941), anglicised as William II, was the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and King of Prussia. He reigned from 15 June 1888 until his abdication on 9 November 1918 shortly before Germany's defeat in World War I. As the eldest grandchild of Queen Victoria, Wilhelm's first cousins included George V of the United Kingdom and many princesses who, along with Wilhelm's sister Sophia, became European consorts. For most of his life before becoming emperor, he was second in line to succeed his grandfather Wilhelm I on the German and Prussian thrones after his father, Frederick. His grandfather and father both died in 1888, the Year of Three Emperors, making Wilhelm emperor and king. He dismissed the country's longtime chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, in 1890. Wilhelm took control of foreign and military policy with a bellicose "New Course" to cement Germany's status as a respected world power. However, he frequently undermined this goal by making tactless, alarming public statements without seeking his ministers' advice. Additionally, his regime did much to alienate itself from the other Great Powers by initiating a massive naval build-up, and challenging French control of Morocco. His turbulent reign ultimately culminated in Germany's absolute guarantee of military support to Austria-Hungary during the crisis of July 1914, one of the key developments leading to the outbreak of World War I. A lax wartime leader, he left virtually all decision-making regarding military strategy and organisation of the war effort to the Great General Staff. This broad delegation of authority gave rise to a de facto military dictatorship whose belligerent foreign policy led to the United States' entry into the war on 6 April 1917. After losing the support of the German military and his subjects in November 1918, Wilhelm abdicated and fled to exile in the Netherlands. He remained there during the German occupation, and died in 1941.

WWII NAZI GERMAN REPRO FULL ROHM INSCRIPTION WW2

Lot #690 (Sale Order 794 of 952)

Drop forged, nickel silver plated SA dagger blade. "Alles für Deutschland" (Everything for Germany) is acid etched, in Gothic script, to the obverse of the pointed blade and to the reverse In herzlicher kameradschaft Ernst Röhm. Maker marked to , E. P. & S. Solingen. Overall length is 33cm. Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOT OF PINS & BADGES SA NSDAP HJ

Lot #691 (Sale Order 795 of 952)

Collection of WWII Nazi German badges and tinnies, all from the third Reich period. Medals to include all three grades of the Mother's Cross. War Merit Cross without swords. 1936 Olympic Lapel Pin. West Wall Medal. DRL Sports badge. Russian Front Medal. Black Wound Badge. Mountain Troop Edelweiss. War Merit Cross third class as well as several tinnies from the SA, Police, HJ, NSDAP and Kreigsmarine. All pins and ribbons are present and in very good to excellent.

WW1 & WWII US & BELGIAN JAP MILITARY MEDAL LOT 20

Lot #692 (Sale Order 796 of 952)

A group of WW1 & WWII medals to include 1) Belgian Civil Decoration For Long Service 35 Years. 2) Belgian Cross for the Veterans from Leopold III. 3) Belgian Civil Decoration For Long Service 25 Years. 4) Belgian WWII Victory Medal. 5) Belgian Commemorative Veterans medal, inscribed "De Veteranen Van Koning Albert I 1909 - 1934". 6) French Saint Helena Medal for the Napoleonic Wars 1792-1815. 7) US Army three bar Winged Victory medal with Alsace-Lorraine Oise-Aisne Defensive Sector. 8) US Army three bar Winged Victory medal with Russia Bar. 9) WW1 Imperial German War Combatants Cross of Honor 1914/1918 with Swords lapel ribbon. 10) 6 pieces of WW1 US Army Officer collar insignia 11) Fouled anchor with Gettysburg Pennsylvania pin. 12) West Point DI. 13) Red Cross donation pin. 14) US Marine Corps Reserve Pin. 15) Antarctica Service Medal with Wintered Over bar. 16) WWI Belgian Cross For The Deported Cased. 17) WWII Belgian King Leopold II Commemoration Medal Cased 18) 1910 2 year Marksmanship badge for the State of New York by Tiffany. 19) Japanese Order Of The Rising Sun Cased. 20) WWII Japanese Woman's Patriotic Badge

WWII GERMAN JAPANESE MARINE CORPS LOT WW2

Lot #693 (Sale Order 797 of 952)

Lot of three WWII related items to include 1) Japanese small wooden box measuring 3 3/4 X 5 X 3 1/2 inches with kanji to the lid of the box. 2) WWII Leatherneck magazine dated December of 1945 depicting a Marine pulling the Santa's sleigh. 3) Collecting The Edged Weapons Of The Third Reich Volume II 2nd edition by LTC. Thomas M. Johnson.

WWII IMPERIAL JAPANESE RISING SUN WAR FLAG WW2

Lot #694 (Sale Order 798 of 952)

A linen constructed, printed flag measuring approximately 29 X 39 inches that has original reinforcing to the corners. Nice untouched example.

19th CENTURY POLYNESIAN WAR CLUB

Lot #695 (Sale Order 799 of 952)

Samoa, Polynesia 19th Century Wooden War Club Carved wooden war club in the form of a sword. Measures approximately 17.5" overall, 13" top with 4.5" handle, approximately 2.75" across. Flared. Some damage at the points and one crack on the face. Very Good.

19th CENTURY SAMOAN POLYNESIAN WAR CLUB

Lot #696 (Sale Order 800 of 952)

Samoa, Polynesia 19th Century Wooden War Club Carved wooden war club with 3.5" knob, approximately 13.5" handle, approximately 15" overall. Hand carved. Has some slight cracks. Excellent

19th CENTURY SAMOAN POLYNESIAN WAR CLUB

Lot #697 (Sale Order 801 of 952)

Samoa, Polynesia 19th Century Wooden War Club Flared large war club in the form of a sword. Measures approximately 22" long, with 6" handle, 16" top, approximately 4" wide. Approximately 1.5" crack at one of the points. Very Good.

PAIR OF EARLY SYRIAN JAMBIYA DAGGERS

Lot #697a (Sale Order 802 of 952)

Two very nice early Syrian curved blade daggers. One comes with a sheath with the word "SYRIA" below the throat, decorated with aviary motifs and has a star and crescent pattern on the blade. Blade is 6" long, fullered, and curved; 11.5" overall length. The second dagger has no scabbard, but is very intricately decorated on the handle with a brass hilt and crossguard, with bone and mother of pearl inlay on the grip. Measures approximately 5.5" at the blade, and 10.25" overall. Both exhibit honest wear and age. Very Good

WWII BRITISH M1930 RAF PILOT SIDCOT FLIGHT SUIT

Lot #698 (Sale Order 803 of 952)

A one piece, khaki 1930 pattern suite that is complete with a large pocket on each knee, button front, working zippers, an adjustable rear belt with a pair of adjustment sliders. A tag is present to the interior to the collar that shows the suit as a "Size Medium" along with all of the measurements for height, breast, waist, seat and leg. It is also Air Ministry marked. The chest measures approximately 44" with a 26" breech and a 23" arm. The last item is a tan wool liner that is in very good condition! The Sidcot flight suit was invented by Australian born, Sydney Cotton, hence Sid Cot, who moved to Britain in 1910 and then later joined the Royal Naval Air Force, in 1916. From his experience as a pilot, he and his colleagues felt that they were always cold or uncomfortable. Thus in 1917, he then invented a flying suit made of cotton which was lined with silk and fur known as the Sid Cot. It later became the standard equipment for the Royal Flying Corps and remained in use throughout the Second World War.

WWII 1941 RAF GAUNTLET LEATHER FLYING GLOVES NAMED

Lot #699 (Sale Order 804 of 952)

A beautiful pair of supple brown leather Air Ministry issued Flying Gauntlets as used by the RAF during the Battle of Britain. These pair were in fact issued in 1941 and bear the Crown and AM stamp along and is named to the interior to the pilot that wore them. The gloves are unlined and in near MINT condition size 9.

WWII JAPANESE MACHINE GUN AVIATION CAMERA W/ BOX

Lot #700 (Sale Order 805 of 952)

The Konishoruko Rokuoh-Sha Type 89 camera was used for military training exercises. Before the age of tiny digital cameras broadcasting live feeds, air forces around the world mounted large film cameras onto fighter planes for both actual battles and training. The battle cameras were used to confirm kills for pilots, while training gun cameras were used to evaluate how accurate fighter pilots were without having to use live rounds. “A multi-purpose training device, this ‘gun’ is effectively a camera mounted in an oversized housing, suitable for installation in a wing mount or waist-gun emplacement,” writes International Military Antiques. “When the trigger is pulled, the camera runs, with footage being taken of what the gun is aimed at, as well as an optional stopwatch; after landing, the film can be analyzed by the trainers for proper lead and burst timing.” Konishoruko, the manufacturer of the camera, later renamed itself Konica and went on to become the well-known Japanese brand that merged with Minolta in 2003 to form the current company Konica Minolta. The camera is in overall excellent condition, especially considering it was used during war-time. In addition to the camera, you’ll receive a clamp and mounting bracket for attaching the camera to your fighter plane a quick release cable miscellaneous parts and the original bring home chest for carrying the camera and several rolls of undeveloped film with original manual. The sailor's name who brought this back was S. J. Caka who served aboard the USS Mackinac. Excellent World War II First Pacific tour, 1942-1943 After three months of shakedown, Mackinac, escorting a large convoy, departed the United States West Coast for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on 11 May 1942, arriving there on 19 May 1942. On 22 May 1942, the famous explorer Rear Admiral (retired) Richard E. Byrd and his staff came on board for an inspection cruise of U.S. bases in the South Pacific. Byrd, because of his worldwide recognition, had been drawn out of retirement to represent the United States to the French colonies in the South Pacific, which were nominally under the control of the pro-German Vichy government, as their cooperation was vital to the war effort there. Byrd debarked at Auckland, New Zealand, on 23 June 1942, and Mackinac then headed to Nouméa, New Caledonia, on 18 July 1942. With preparations underway for the Guadalcanal-Tulagi landing, scheduled for 7 August 1942 through 9 August 1942, Mackinac was assigned the task of setting up a seaplane base at Malaita, the most advanced post of the Guadalcanal campaign, while her PBY Catalina flying boats searched northward and westward to watch the sealane between Truk and Guadalcanal in case of any Imperial Japanese Navy reaction from its base at Truk. No American was known to have visited Malaita since Jack London in 1908, whence he had fled in disgust from fierce storms and head hunters. Now Commander Hitchcock took Mackinac up the back of the island and threaded his way into Maramasike Estuary on the southeast coast, through waters for which there were no charts. Mackinac opened for business with nine PBY Catalinas on the morning of 8 August 1942. One of the first American ships to anchor in the Solomon Islands, Mackinac retired to Espiritu Santo in the New Hebrides Islands on 12 August 1942. Despite constant evacuation alerts and numerous search plane losses, Mackinac next set up base at Graciosa Harbor in the Santa Cruz Islands on 20 August 1942. Early on the morning of 12 September 1942, two Japanese submarines surfaced at the harbor entrance to shell Mackinac and the seaplane tender Ballard and their seaplanes. The two seaplane tenders returned fire, but neither side suffered damage. Following her return to Espiritu Santo on 25 October 1942, Mackinac assisted with her boats in rescuing survivors of the United States Army transport SS President Coolidge after President Coolidge struck two naval mines in the harbor entrance and beached herself. On 12 November 1942, Mackinac established an advanced seaplane base at Vanikolo Island in the Santa Cruz Islands, and began tending an average of six seaplanes a day. Several high-ranking officers visited her during this duty, including Vice Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr. Mackinac got underway from Espiritu Santo with a convoy for the United States West Coast on 9 July 1943, arriving at San Francisco, California, on 25 July 1943. She then underwent a two-month overhaul at Mare Island Navy Yard at Vallejo, California. Second Pacific tour, 1943-1945 Mackinac returned to Pearl Harbor on 28 September 1943. After a month of transport duty between Midway Atoll and Maui, Hawaii, Mackinac left Pearl Harbor on 20 November 1943 escorting the seaplane tender Curtiss to the Ellice Islands.

WWII CHINESE NATIONALIST OFFICERS HONOUR DAGGER

Lot #701 (Sale Order 806 of 952)

A rare example of the type of dress dagger that was approved for wear by officers of the Chinese Nationalist Army at the time of the Sino-Japanese war of 1937-1945. They were both finely and crudely made, with a great deal of variation apparent among surviving examples, this example is one of the finer variety. This is a genuine rare Chinese Nationalist Army Officer's Dagger circa 1935. It measures approximately 16" in total length, this dagger features a 9 3/4 inch nickel-plated steel blade, magnetic, with dull edges, remaining bright and crisp with areas of wear and discoloration and retaining a sharp tip. The blade exhibits wear overall and some scuffing from extraction and return to the scabbard, along with spots in the plating, maintaining a natural shine. Gilt brass crossguard that sits tight against the adjoining ferrule, the ferrule held in place with a single brass screw. Handle is fabricated from age-toned multicolored celluloid, with eight rows of wire wrap. Gilt brass mounts adorned with Chinese Plum Blossoms. The grip is in very good condition with no damage. Accompanied by its nickel-plated steel scabbard, magnetic, gilt brass fittings form the chape and locket, each held firmly in place by a single brass screw. The chape illustrates Chinese plum flower floral motif. Overall a nice condition rare WWII Chinese Army Officer Dagger!

WWII SOVIET RUSSIAN BLACK PAINTED HELMET W/ STAR

Lot #702 (Sale Order 807 of 952)

Complete WWII Era Soviet black painted helmet with RED STAR applied to the front. Much of the star at this point has faded but it is very clear that is what it is. Helmet is complete with it's sever finger liner system and cloth chinstrap.

WWII POLISH ROGATYWKA OFFICER'S CAP OR HAT WW2

Lot #703 (Sale Order 808 of 952)

WW2 Polish Rogatywka Officer's Cap. Square khaki crown with silver cord cross and edging. Lower dark blue band. Black composite peak with white metal edging. Black leather chinstrap secured by two Polish eagle buttons. Nickeled brass Polish cap badge over two plated rank stars. Leatherette sweatband with silk and cotton lining. Excellent Condition roughly a size 7 1/4.

JAPANESESOLDIER'S PERSONAL NATIONAL FLAG W/ KANJI

Lot #704 (Sale Order 809 of 952)

Printed silk example is 100cm x 70cm. An approximately 40cm diameter red "Himaru" is printed to the center of the flag's white field. Handwritten, in black, around the Himaru are numerous kanji characters. Original corners and tie-strings are present. Excellent.

WWII JAPANESE OFFICERS PARADE SWORD W/ KNOT WW2

Lot #705 (Sale Order 810 of 952)

Imperial Japanese Army Officer’s Parade Sword, made circa the 1930s. This saber would have been used for dress and ceremonies by Japanese officers in the Army during World War II. It features a 27-inch chrome finished blade and scabbard. The overall design is very slender. The hilt is cast brass and reflects a 19th Century Western design. The 10 petal cherry blossom indicates that this was an army variant as other branches used a different representation of a flower. Grip retains the original leather knot. The condition is excellent. The hilt has a good patina and the markings are clear. The scabbard retains about 90% of its chrome finish. The blade shows minimal wear with no defects.

JAPANESE KATANA w/ SAYA

Lot #705a (Sale Order 811 of 952)

The Katana blade is 35 1/4" long with a 25 3/16" cutting edge. It has a two hole tang that is not signed. The blade has wear, scratches, and light staining. There is no visible hamon. The brass one piece habaki has a scalloped edge. The iron tsuba is plain, as are the tsuka mountings. There is a brass menuki on eash side of the tsuka. The grip is ray skin with silk cloth wrap. The saya is leather covered wood in the style of the Japanese military. Good

JAPANESE ECHIZEN TSUGUHIRO KATANA w/ LETTER

Lot #705b (Sale Order 812 of 952)

Very nice Katana with letter attributed to Echizen Tsuguhiro from Genroku period. 32 1/2" bright blade with 25 9/16" cutting edge. The blade has a visible straight hamon. Fetures a 3 hole tang, and the habaki is one piece copper. The katana comes in a shirsaya that has Japanese characters in ink along the one side. Includes an appraisal letter dated October 22, 1989. The blade was made around Genroku period 1688-1705. The blade is bright ane quite nice. There are some sctatterd scratches and rubs. Very Good-Excellent

MODERN HIGH GRADE KATANA and SAYA

Lot #705c (Sale Order 813 of 952)

Beautiful contemporary katana with 28 1/4" cutting edge. Blade features active hamon and is marked stainless steel. . The habaki is brass as is the tsuba. Has imitation ray skin grip with silk wrap. Saya is beautifully lacquered. 38 1/4" overall. Excellent-Near Mint

JAPANESE KATANA and SAYA

Lot #705d (Sale Order 814 of 952)

Bright blade has a 25 1/4" cutting edge with a straight visible hamon. Blade measures 32 1/4" overall and has a one hole unsigned tang. The habaki is one piece silver plated copper. The tsuka is silk wrapped ray skin. The kashira and fuchi are decorated with gold. The tsuba is iron. The saya has a textured lacquer finish. Very Good-Excellent

JAPANESE NAGINATA FEUDAL POLE ARM

Lot #705e (Sale Order 815 of 952)

Early Japanese pole arm measures about 55". It has an iron cap at one end and is inletted for a blade on the other. The shaft is lacquered and has been decorated with mother of pearl that has mostly flaked off. Very Good

JAPANESE NAGINATA FEUDAL POLE ARM

Lot #705f (Sale Order 816 of 952)

Early Japanese pole arm measures about 54". It has an iron cap at one end and is inletted for a blade on the other. The shaft is lacquered and has some crazing and loss. Very Good

WWII JAPANESE KANJI SIGNED FLAG

Lot #706 (Sale Order 817 of 952)

Silk Unit flag with printed red circle "Meatball" in the center. Has red stamps and kanki characters. Measures approximately 18" x 26" and has reinforced corners and string ties. Light age spots, likely a battlefield capture souvenired by a Marine or Soldier in the Pacific. Excellent

US ARMY KOREAN WAR RUSSET LEATHER CAP TOE BOOTS 8N

Lot #707 (Sale Order 818 of 952)

Vintage M1948 US Army Korean War Leather Men's Combat Military Boots 8.5 N (Brown) After WWII on Dec 1948 the U.S. Army standardized on a new boot design "Boots, Service, Combat, Russet". They were meant to replace the M43 double buckle boots and look very similar to the paratrooper's jump boot of WWII. The M1948 boot differed from the paratrooper boot in that it was dated and had contractor information stamped inside. The heals were squared while most examples of the jump boot were beveled. Another main difference between the M1948 boot and WWII jump boot is that the latter has rubber half sole and leather mid-sole while the M1948 boot has a full rubber sole.These specific boots are " very good condition for being 64 years old. The Horsehide Leather is still supple and named to the interior.

WWII JAPANESE SILK NATIONAL FLAG W/ FLOAT BORDER

Lot #708 (Sale Order 819 of 952)

Nice original WWII silk Japanese aviaton float flag measuring about 37" by 30" with an unusual small float border around the flag with the original ties. Excellent. Before Pearl Harbor, the Japanese had already began imperial expansion in China (1937) and in other territories and islands. The Empire of Japan entered World War II in September 27, 1940, by signing the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, though, it wasn't until the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, that the US entered the conflict. Over the course of seven hours there were coordinated Japanese attacks on the U.S.-held Philippines, Guam and Wake Island and on the British Empire in Borneo, Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The strategic goals of the offensive were to cripple the U.S. Pacific fleet, capture oil fields in the Dutch East Indies, and maintain their sphere of influence of China, East Asia, and also Korea. It was also to expand the outer reaches of the Japanese Empire to create a formidable defensive perimeter around newly acquired territory.

WWII JAPANESE ARMY CAPTAIN UNIFORM W MAP CASE WW2

Lot #709 (Sale Order 820 of 952)

WWII Imperial Japanese Captain's Tunic and Map Case lot. A lined, light olive drab wool tunic, which features breast pockets, a four button, single-breasted front closure, and a lay down open collar. collar tabs for the rank of Captain are hand stitched to the lapels. The patch breast pockets have scalloped, button-down flaps, with buttons. The buttons have original stitching. To the interior is fully lined and like the outside has minor mothing throughout. Roughly a size 32. Very Good. The Map Case is a typical army issue dispatch case used for maps, compass, pencils and plotting instruments. Constructed from age-darkened cowhide, the case is approximately 30cm in height, 22cm wide, and can expand to 10acm thick if full. A fold-over flap is to both its forward and reverse faces. The forward fold-over flap has the outline of a five-pointed star stitched to its base, beneath which is sewn a dual-buttonholed leather tab. The leather tab passes through a horizontal leather loop rivetted to the body of the case and into a brass stud beneath it. The reverse fold-over flap has dual, brown painted metal snap buttons to either side of it which mate with single alloy studs to the case body. The interior is divided into two sections. The reverse of the case is complete with its two original leather belt attachment straps and leather carrying strap. Very Good.

WWII JAPANESE NAVY ZERO MITSUBISHI GUN SIGHT CASE

Lot #710 (Sale Order 821 of 952)

WWII Imperial Japanese Navy Zero wooden case for gun sight by Mitsubishi. Case measures 13 1/4 X 8 X 8 inches and is in excellent condition. The Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" is a long-range fighter aircraft formerly manufactured by Mitsubishi Aircraft Company, a part of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1940 to 1945. The A6M was designated as the Mitsubishi Navy Type 0 carrier fighter or the Mitsubishi A6M Rei-sen. The A6M was usually referred to by its pilots as the Reisen, "0" being the last digit of the imperial year 2600 (1940) when it entered service with the Imperial Navy. The official Allied reporting name was "Zeke", although the use of the name "Zero" (from Type 0) was used colloquially by the Allies as well. The Zero is considered to have been the most capable carrier-based fighter in the world when it was introduced early in World War II, combining excellent maneuverability and very long range. The Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service (IJNAS) also frequently used it as a land-based fighter. In early combat operations, the Zero gained a reputation as a dogfighter, achieving an outstanding kill ratio of 12 to 1, but by mid-1942 a combination of new tactics and the introduction of better equipment enabled Allied pilots to engage the Zero on generally equal terms. By 1943, due to inherent design weaknesses, such as a lack of hydraulic ailerons and rudder rendering it extremely unmaneuverable at high speeds, and an inability to equip it with a more powerful aircraft engine, the Zero gradually became less effective against newer Allied fighters. By 1944, with opposing Allied fighters approaching its levels of maneuverability and consistently exceeding its firepower, armor, and speed, the A6M had largely become outdated as a fighter aircraft. However, as design delays and production difficulties hampered the introduction of newer Japanese aircraft models, the Zero continued to serve in a front-line role until the end of the war in the Pacific. During the final phases, it was also adapted for use in kamikaze operations. Japan produced more Zeros than any other model of combat aircraft during the war.

U.S. MODEL 1913 CAVALRY SABER PATTON SWORD 1917 SA

Lot #711 (Sale Order 822 of 952)

This sword is a Model 1913 cavalry sword commonly referred to as the “Patton Saber.” The sword was designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton Jr. in 1913. It has a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Patton's 1914 manual "Saber Exercise" outlined a system of training for both mounted and foot use of the sword. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack. This sword features a 35 inch long blade that tapers toward the point with a deep central fuller. The Model 1913 Cavalry Saber, commonly referred to as the Patton Saber, was a cavalry saber designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton in 1913. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword and edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack, following his extensive training in France. It had a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Although officially designated a saber, it lacks the curved edge typical of many models of saber. This weapon, the last saber issued to U.S. cavalry, was never used as intended. At the beginning of U.S. involvement in World War I, several American cavalry units armed with sabers were sent to the front, but they were held back. The character of war had changed, making horse-mounted troops easy prey for enemy troops equipped with Gewehr 98 rifles and MG08 machine guns. Those cavalrymen who saw combat did so dismounted, using their horses only to travel similar to mounted infantry. Patton instead adapted his style of move forward and attack technique to his use of tanks in battle. This became his trademark combat style in World War II. This particular sword with scabbard is in excellent condition with the blade dated 1917 and serial numbered 32001 and was manufactured by Springfield Armory. History The saber is traditionally the weapon of the U.S. Cavalry; the 1913 Cavalry saber design replaced the Model 1906 Light Cavalry Saber ("Ames" saber), which itself was little changed from the Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber. Patton designed the saber when he was Master of the Sword at the Mounted Service School; unlike earlier revisions of cavalry sabers, however, the 1913 saber was a complete redesign. Following the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm, Patton traveled with his family to Dresden, Berlin, and Nuremberg. Seeking the greatest swordsman in Europe to study with, Patton was told the "beau sabreur" of the French Army would be the one. Adjutant M. Cléry was a French "master of arms" and instructor of fencing at the Cavalry School at Saumur. Patton went to Saumur to undergo an intense study with the master. Upon his return, Patton wrote a report on his sword studies that was revised for the Army and Navy Journal.[citation needed] Patton's first article for the well-known Cavalry Journal appeared in the March 1913 issue. In the summer of 1913, following his advising the Ordnance Department on sword redesign, Patton was allowed to return to Saumur to study once again under Cléry. Patton was next assigned to the Mounted Service School at Fort Riley, Kansas, as a student and "Master of the Sword", the top instructor in a new course in swordsmanship. It was here he wrote two training manuals in mounted and unmounted swordsmanship, "Saber Exercise 1914", and "Diary of the Instructor in Swordsmanship".

U.S. MODEL 1913 CAVALRY SABER PATTON SWORD 1917 SA

Lot #712 (Sale Order 823 of 952)

This sword is a Model 1913 cavalry sword commonly referred to as the “Patton Saber.” The sword was designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton Jr. in 1913. It has a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Patton's 1914 manual "Saber Exercise" outlined a system of training for both mounted and foot use of the sword. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack. This sword features a 35 inch long blade that tapers toward the point with a deep central fuller. The Model 1913 Cavalry Saber, commonly referred to as the Patton Saber, was a cavalry saber designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton in 1913. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword and edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack, following his extensive training in France. It had a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Although officially designated a saber, it lacks the curved edge typical of many models of saber. This weapon, the last saber issued to U.S. cavalry, was never used as intended. At the beginning of U.S. involvement in World War I, several American cavalry units armed with sabers were sent to the front, but they were held back. The character of war had changed, making horse-mounted troops easy prey for enemy troops equipped with Gewehr 98 rifles and MG08 machine guns. Those cavalrymen who saw combat did so dismounted, using their horses only to travel similar to mounted infantry. Patton instead adapted his style of move forward and attack technique to his use of tanks in battle. This became his trademark combat style in World War II. This particular sword with scabbard is in excellent condition with the blade dated 1917 and serial numbered 32136 and was manufactured by Springfield Armory. History The saber is traditionally the weapon of the U.S. Cavalry; the 1913 Cavalry saber design replaced the Model 1906 Light Cavalry Saber ("Ames" saber), which itself was little changed from the Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber. Patton designed the saber when he was Master of the Sword at the Mounted Service School; unlike earlier revisions of cavalry sabers, however, the 1913 saber was a complete redesign. Following the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm, Patton traveled with his family to Dresden, Berlin, and Nuremberg. Seeking the greatest swordsman in Europe to study with, Patton was told the "beau sabreur" of the French Army would be the one. Adjutant M. Cléry was a French "master of arms" and instructor of fencing at the Cavalry School at Saumur. Patton went to Saumur to undergo an intense study with the master. Upon his return, Patton wrote a report on his sword studies that was revised for the Army and Navy Journal.[citation needed] Patton's first article for the well-known Cavalry Journal appeared in the March 1913 issue. In the summer of 1913, following his advising the Ordnance Department on sword redesign, Patton was allowed to return to Saumur to study once again under Cléry. Patton was next assigned to the Mounted Service School at Fort Riley, Kansas, as a student and "Master of the Sword", the top instructor in a new course in swordsmanship. It was here he wrote two training manuals in mounted and unmounted swordsmanship, "Saber Exercise 1914", and "Diary of the Instructor in Swordsmanship".

U.S. MODEL 1913 CAVALRY SABER PATTON SWORD 1918 SA

Lot #713 (Sale Order 824 of 952)

This sword is a Model 1913 cavalry sword commonly referred to as the “Patton Saber.” The sword was designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton Jr. in 1913. It has a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Patton's 1914 manual "Saber Exercise" outlined a system of training for both mounted and foot use of the sword. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack. This sword features a 35 inch long blade that tapers toward the point with a deep central fuller. The Model 1913 Cavalry Saber, commonly referred to as the Patton Saber, was a cavalry saber designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton in 1913. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword and edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack, following his extensive training in France. It had a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Although officially designated a saber, it lacks the curved edge typical of many models of saber. This weapon, the last saber issued to U.S. cavalry, was never used as intended. At the beginning of U.S. involvement in World War I, several American cavalry units armed with sabers were sent to the front, but they were held back. The character of war had changed, making horse-mounted troops easy prey for enemy troops equipped with Gewehr 98 rifles and MG08 machine guns. Those cavalrymen who saw combat did so dismounted, using their horses only to travel similar to mounted infantry. Patton instead adapted his style of move forward and attack technique to his use of tanks in battle. This became his trademark combat style in World War II. This particular sword with scabbard is in near mint condition with the blade dated 1918 and serial numbered 33153 and was manufactured by Springfield Armory. Also comes with an original set of leather hangers and a rare pre WW1 US Calvary M1912 cast iron picket pin with leather carrier. History The saber is traditionally the weapon of the U.S. Cavalry; the 1913 Cavalry saber design replaced the Model 1906 Light Cavalry Saber ("Ames" saber), which itself was little changed from the Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber. Patton designed the saber when he was Master of the Sword at the Mounted Service School; unlike earlier revisions of cavalry sabers, however, the 1913 saber was a complete redesign. Following the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm, Patton traveled with his family to Dresden, Berlin, and Nuremberg. Seeking the greatest swordsman in Europe to study with, Patton was told the "beau sabreur" of the French Army would be the one. Adjutant M. Cléry was a French "master of arms" and instructor of fencing at the Cavalry School at Saumur. Patton went to Saumur to undergo an intense study with the master. Upon his return, Patton wrote a report on his sword studies that was revised for the Army and Navy Journal.[citation needed] Patton's first article for the well-known Cavalry Journal appeared in the March 1913 issue. In the summer of 1913, following his advising the Ordnance Department on sword redesign, Patton was allowed to return to Saumur to study once again under Cléry. Patton was next assigned to the Mounted Service School at Fort Riley, Kansas, as a student and "Master of the Sword", the top instructor in a new course in swordsmanship. It was here he wrote two training manuals in mounted and unmounted swordsmanship, "Saber Exercise 1914", and "Diary of the Instructor in Swordsmanship".

U.S. MODEL 1913 CAVALRY SABER PATTON SWORD 1918 SA

Lot #714 (Sale Order 825 of 952)

This sword is a Model 1913 cavalry sword commonly referred to as the “Patton Saber.” The sword was designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton Jr. in 1913. It has a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Patton's 1914 manual "Saber Exercise" outlined a system of training for both mounted and foot use of the sword. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack. This sword features a 35 inch long blade that tapers toward the point with a deep central fuller. The Model 1913 Cavalry Saber, commonly referred to as the Patton Saber, was a cavalry saber designed for the U.S. Army by Second Lieutenant (later General) George S. Patton in 1913. Patton suggested the revision from a curved sword and edge and cutting technique to a thrusting style of attack, following his extensive training in France. It had a large, basket-shaped hilt mounting a straight, double-edged, thrusting blade designed for use by light cavalry. Although officially designated a saber, it lacks the curved edge typical of many models of saber. This weapon, the last saber issued to U.S. cavalry, was never used as intended. At the beginning of U.S. involvement in World War I, several American cavalry units armed with sabers were sent to the front, but they were held back. The character of war had changed, making horse-mounted troops easy prey for enemy troops equipped with Gewehr 98 rifles and MG08 machine guns. Those cavalrymen who saw combat did so dismounted, using their horses only to travel similar to mounted infantry. Patton instead adapted his style of move forward and attack technique to his use of tanks in battle. This became his trademark combat style in World War II. This particular sword excellent condition with the blade dated 1918 and serial numbered 37428 and was manufactured by Springfield Armory. History The saber is traditionally the weapon of the U.S. Cavalry; the 1913 Cavalry saber design replaced the Model 1906 Light Cavalry Saber ("Ames" saber), which itself was little changed from the Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber. Patton designed the saber when he was Master of the Sword at the Mounted Service School; unlike earlier revisions of cavalry sabers, however, the 1913 saber was a complete redesign. Following the 1912 Olympics in Stockholm, Patton traveled with his family to Dresden, Berlin, and Nuremberg. Seeking the greatest swordsman in Europe to study with, Patton was told the "beau sabreur" of the French Army would be the one. Adjutant M. Cléry was a French "master of arms" and instructor of fencing at the Cavalry School at Saumur. Patton went to Saumur to undergo an intense study with the master. Upon his return, Patton wrote a report on his sword studies that was revised for the Army and Navy Journal.[citation needed] Patton's first article for the well-known Cavalry Journal appeared in the March 1913 issue. In the summer of 1913, following his advising the Ordnance Department on sword redesign, Patton was allowed to return to Saumur to study once again under Cléry. Patton was next assigned to the Mounted Service School at Fort Riley, Kansas, as a student and "Master of the Sword", the top instructor in a new course in swordsmanship. It was here he wrote two training manuals in mounted and unmounted swordsmanship, "Saber Exercise 1914", and "Diary of the Instructor in Swordsmanship".

PATTON SWORD ENTRENCHING TOOL SPADE ACCESSORY

Lot #714a (Sale Order 826 of 952)

Rare accessory designed to be issued with the "Patton Sword" or Model 1913 Cavalry Saber. Includes the orignial chain and cotter pin and black finish. Very Good

ROWEN ESSE-LS SURVIVAL KNIFE & SHEATH

Lot #714b (Sale Order 827 of 952)

Survival knife with coyote tan micarta handle and kydex sheath made by Rowen. Features the logo for Ran dall's Adventure & Training on the blade. Exhibits wear on the handle. Blade shows very minor wear. 4.5" blade, 10" overall. Very Good

WWII US BLADE MKD M3 FIGHTING KNIFE IMPERIAL WW2

Lot #715 (Sale Order 828 of 952)

M3 fighting knife and scabbard with an integral frog. The knife has a metal pommel, to whose flat, upper surface, alongside the end of its tang, is stamped the image of a flaming bomb. Horizontally ribbed, brown leather grip is age darkened. Its metal double cross guard angles forward along its upper projection. The 17cm blade, with a swedge and short fuller, shows minimal period use and wear and is blade marked US M3 IMPERIAL. The 18.5cm scabbard has a metal throat with downwardly-angled projections to either side, and is stamped "U.S. M8" and "B M Co". A vertical projection extends from the back of the throat, to which the 12cm tall olive drab canvas frog is doubly riveted. The frog has a horizontal retaining strap riveted to the upper portion of its formed belt loop, with metal tips to either end of the strap and a brass snap button. The olive drab-colored bakelite scabbard itself tapers at its tip. Some edge wear to the scabbard. Excellent

WWII US BLADE MKD M3 FIGHTING KNIFE IMPERIAL WW2

Lot #716 (Sale Order 829 of 952)

M3 fighting knife and scabbard with an integral frog. The knife has a metal pommel, to whose flat, upper surface, alongside the end of its tang, is stamped the image of a flaming bomb. Horizontally ribbed, brown leather grip is age darkened. Its metal double cross guard angles forward along its upper projection. The 17cm blade, with a swedge and short fuller, shows minimal period use and wear and is blade marked US M3 IMPERIAL. The 18.5cm scabbard has a metal throat with downwardly-angled projections to either side, and is stamped "U.S. M8" and "B M Co". A vertical projection extends from the back of the throat, to which the 12cm tall olive drab canvas frog is doubly riveted. The frog has a horizontal retaining strap riveted to the upper portion of its formed belt loop, with metal tips to either end of the strap and a brass snap button. The olive drab-colored bakelite scabbard itself tapers at its tip. Some edge wear to the scabbard. Excellent

WWII US M3 FIGHTING KNIFE BY CAMILLUS GUARD MKD

Lot #717 (Sale Order 830 of 952)

M3 fighting knife and scabbard with an integral frog. The knife has a metal pommel, to whose flat, upper surface, alongside the end of its tang, is stamped the image of a flaming bomb. Horizontally ribbed, brown leather grip is age darkened. Its metal double cross guard angles forward along its upper projection. The 17cm blade, with a swedge and short fuller, shows minimal period use and wear and is crossguard marked US M3 CAMILLUS. The 18.5cm scabbard has a metal throat with downwardly-angled projections to either side, and is stamped "U.S. M8" and "B M Co". A vertical projection extends from the back of the throat, to which the 12cm tall olive drab canvas frog is doubly riveted. The frog has a horizontal retaining strap riveted to the upper portion of its formed belt loop, with metal tips to either end of the strap and a brass snap button. The olive drab-colored bakelite scabbard itself tapers at its tip. Some edge wear to the scabbard. Excellent

WWII US BLADE MKD M3 FIGHTING KNIFE IMPERIAL WW2

Lot #718 (Sale Order 831 of 952)

M3 fighting knife. The knife has a metal pommel, to whose flat, upper surface, alongside the end of its tang, is stamped the image of a flaming bomb. Horizontally ribbed, brown leather grip is age darkened. Its metal double cross guard angles forward along its upper projection. The 17cm blade, with a swedge and short fuller, shows minimal period use and wear and is blade marked US M3 IMPERIAL 1943. Excellent

VIETNAM US AIRBORNE CAMO PONCHO LINER JUMP JACKET

Lot #718a (Sale Order 832 of 952)

Vietnam United States ORIGINAL NAMED AIRBORNE poncho liner jacket. Jacket is Vietnam period made, with a set of Master Jump Wings embroidered to the front along with the name Kawika. Jacket is in good shape and the zipper works. The inside lining on the jacket is a coppery brown in color. Roughly a size 40. Excellent

WWII USN FIGHTING KNIFE & M1 BAYONET LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #719 (Sale Order 833 of 952)

WWII US edged weapon lot consisting of U.S.N. MK1 FIGHTING KNIFE. A fighting knife and scabbard with a 13cm blade that is well marked "USN" and "MARK 1". The knife’s alloy pommel is silver/ grey colored, oval in section, with a rounded top. The grip is comprised of layers of compressed, brown leather washers, with brown laminations at either end. Stamped to its ricasso is "RH-35" and "Made in U.S.A.". The scabbard is two piece, gray bakelite construction with retaining strap. Scabbard is marked, “USN MK1” and “NORD-4723 B.M. Co.” Excellent. 2) Refurbished WWII US M1 Garand Bayonet and scabbard with 6 1/2" cut down blade with no identifiable markings. US Ordnance marked scabbard has also been repainted.

U.S. MODEL M4 M7 BAYONET LOT OF 4 w/ CETME BAYONET

Lot #720 (Sale Order 834 of 952)

A grouping of 5 bayonets to include 1) M4 crossguard marked bayonet with scabbard by CONETTA in excellent condition. 2) M4 crossguard marked bayonet and scabbard by K I in excellent near mint condition. 3) M7 crossguard marked bayonet 800 with scabbard in excellent condition. 4) M7 crossguard marked bayonet with scabbard by CONETTA in excellent condition. 5) Spanish M1957 CETME bayonet and scabbard. With numbered blade E185567A and measuring 8 1/2", fits FR-7 and FR-8, Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 21st DAGOONS REGT

Lot #721 (Sale Order 835 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 21st Dragoon Regiment of Baden with a full roster of the company 1900-1903. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a Dragoon soldier carrying a Guidon in his hands.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 20th DAGOONS REGT

Lot #722 (Sale Order 836 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 20th Dragoon Regiment of Baden with a full roster of the company 1895-1898. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a Dragoon soldier on horseback. Stein is named to Gefreiter Bauer. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 95th INFANTRY REG

Lot #723 (Sale Order 837 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 95th Infantry Regiment (6th Thuringian) Infantry with a full roster of the company 1906-1908. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a armed soldier kneeling and ready for action. Stein is named to Reservist Pehrl. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 63rd ARTILLERY

Lot #724 (Sale Order 838 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 63rd Field Artillery Regiment of Frankfurt with a full roster of the company 1912-1914. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a gun crew at their gun. Stein is named to Reservist Stoll. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN STEIN 4TH CUIRASSIERS REGT

Lot #725 (Sale Order 839 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 4th (Westphalian) Cuirassiers “von Driesen” 1904-1907. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a mounted soldier. Excellent. The 4th (Westphalian) Cuirassiers “von Driesen” was a heavy cavalry regiment of the Royal Prussian Army. The regiment was formed in 1717. The regiment fought in the Silesian Wars, the War of the Sixth Coalition, the Austro-Prussian War, the Franco-Prussian War and World War I. The regiment was disbanded in 1919.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 19th ULAN REGT

Lot #726 (Sale Order 840 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 19th (1st Württemberg) Uhlans "King Charles" 1904-1907. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a mounted soldier and a complete roster to the reverse. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN STEIN 1ST KINGS REGTIMENT WWI

Lot #727 (Sale Order 841 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 1st Kings Regiment of Saxony 1911-1913. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a soldier helping a wounded comrade and a complete roster to the reverse. Stein is named to Gefreiter Wendler. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 6th BAVARIAN CAV.

Lot #728 (Sale Order 842 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 6th Royal Bavarian Chevau-légers "Prince Albrecht of Prussia" 1907-1910. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a mounted soldier with lance and a complete roster to the reverse. Stein is named to Gefreiter Sulzler. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 1ST ULAN REGT.

Lot #729 (Sale Order 843 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 1st Royal Bavarian Uhlans "Emperor William II, King of Prussia" 1906-1909. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a mounted soldier with lance and a complete roster to the reverse. Stein is named to Rudolf Zink. Excellent. The 1st Royal Bavarian Uhlans "Emperor William II, King of Prussia" (Königlich Bayerisches Ulanen-Regiment „Kaiser Wilhelm II., König von Preußen“ Nr. 1) was a light cavalry regiment of the Royal Bavarian Army. The regiment was formed in 1863 as a Uhlans unit. It fought in the Austro-Prussian War, the Franco-Prussian War and World War I. In 1919 the regiment was disbanded.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 63rd ARTILLERY

Lot #730 (Sale Order 844 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 65TH Field Artillery Regiment of Ludwigsburg with a full roster of the company 1900-1902. Nice colors and detailed lid has an Imperial Crown to the top. Stein is named to Kanonier Blotscher. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED STEIN 2nd BAVARIAN REGT

Lot #731 (Sale Order 845 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 2nd Bavarian Grenadier Regiment of Heidelberg with a full roster of the company 1893-1895. Nice colors and detailed lid has a eagle to the top. Stein is named to Grenadier Hauz. Excellent.

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED BEER STEIN ARTILLERY

Lot #732 (Sale Order 846 of 952)

Imperial German Patriotic lidded Regimental stein commemorating the artillery service with the inscription "Wir Deutschen Fürchten Gott und Sonst Nichts Auf Der Welt" "We Germans fear God and. Nothing else in the world" to the top band and to the bottom "Zum Andenken An Die Deutschen Waffentaten 1914" "In memory of the German deeds of arms in 1914" this a beautiful condition ceramic stein in excellent condition.

IMPERIAL GERMAN LIDDED BEER STEIN 24TH DRAGOONS

Lot #733 (Sale Order 847 of 952)

Imperial German lidded Regimental stein of the 24th Life Dragoons (2nd Grand Ducal Hessian) with a full roster of the company 1911-1914. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a Dragoon soldier on horseback Broken. Stein is named to Reservist Scheu. Excellent

REPRO WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN NAVY LIDDED STEIN WWI

Lot #734 (Sale Order 848 of 952)

Repro Imperial German Kaiserliche Navy lidded stein of the Torpedo Boat Flotilla with a full roster of the company 1907-1910. Nice colors and detailed lid depicting a soldier with a battle flag. Stein is named to Reservist Paulsen. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN 1ST CLASS IRON CROSS WWI

Lot #735 (Sale Order 849 of 952)

1914 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece silver alloy frame. The obverse of the cross features an embossed, central, "W" cypher for King Wilhelm II, the re-institution date, "1914", to the bottom arm and a King’s crown to the top arm. All three emblems are in nice high relief. Complete with original hinge, pin and catch assembly. The order of the Iron Cross was founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, after the "Freidenskrieg," or war of liberation from Napoleon, in 1813. It was to be an award for gallantry conferred only in time of war, and open to all soldiers, regardless of rank or social status. The Iron Cross was re-instituted at the commencement of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the First World War in 1914, and the Second World War in 1939. In each of the three latter cases, the specific re-institution date may be seen to the lower obverse arm.

WWII NAZI GERMAN SA DAGGER BY HAMMESFAHR CIE WW2

Lot #736 (Sale Order 850 of 952)

A standard model 1933 SA Dagger measuring 369 mm with the scabbard on, and featuring a complete and untempered 220 mm nickel-plated magnetic steel blade, exhibiting some light cross-graining, with light scattered scratches and minor marks common to extraction and return to the scabbard. It appears factory-sharpened with a semi-sharp tip, and is maker marked “Hammer Cie, Solingen” with the maker’s stylized logo on the reverse ricasso. The blade is diamond shaped, with the obverse of the blade acid etched with the SA motto, “Alles für Deutschland” (Anything for Germany). The crossguard is constructed of solid nickel-silver, and has stood the test of time with some light uniform tarnishing, with eight deep, undarkened grooves, and a “No” district mark. The hardwood grips is mahogany-colored and well preserved, fitting very well into the upper and lower crossguards. The national eagle (Hoheitszeichen) sits snug in its place and level with the wood without significant gaps between the eagle and the grip. The roundel sits equally snug and flush with the wood grip, featuring the SA logo with brown enamels.The scabbard is not original finish to this dagger it has been over painted. It is constructed of steel with nickel-silver fittings. All four screws appear to be original to the dagger and hold the fittings in place. Overall, this dagger is in very fine condition, with the blade excellently preserved. The SA, Sturmabteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment), was originally formed in the August 1921 as a protective guard unit for the political leaders of the fledgling NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (National Socialist German Worker’s Party), and as with the NSDAP the SA was structure along para-military lines. The SA recruited most of its personnel from the ranks of the various Freikorps groups composed mainly of disgruntled ex-soldiers and was first utilized at a NSDAP meeting in Munich in November 1921. The SA M33 service dagger was the first dagger officially sanctioned by the NSDAP and was introduced on December 15TH 1933. The dagger was intended as an ornamental item and the design was based on the traditional 16TH century Swiss "Holbein" hunting dagger. Originally the daggers featured an anodized scabbard and utilized nice quality solid nickel/silver fittings while later models had cheaper nickel/silver plated fittings and painted scabbards. In late 1934 items manufactured for the SA including daggers came under the quality control of the RZM, Reichzeugmeisterei, (National Equipment Quartermaster) and as a result were marked with the RZM logo when appropriate. Of Note: The RZM was official founded in June 1934 in Munich by the NSDAP as a Reich Hauptamt, (State Central Office), and was based on the earlier SA Quartermaster’s Department. The functions of the RZM were not only to procure and distribute items to Party formations, but also to approve chosen designs and to act as a quality control supervisor to ensure items manufactured for the Party met required specification and were standardized.

WWII NAZI GERMAN 1942 Ed. MEIN KAMPF GERMAN WW2

Lot #737 (Sale Order 851 of 952)

German printing of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf. Dated 1942, printed at the Munchen / Munich NSDAP headquarters in Germany. German text. Some edge wear to the binding and light discoloration to the pages. Very Good Mein Kampf My Struggle or My Fight is a 1925 autobiographical manifesto by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler. The work describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS MRKED 17 WW2

Lot #738 (Sale Order 852 of 952)

Repro 1939 pattern, die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Pattée style cross with a single piece iron core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted, swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika stands out in nice, high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a solid, soldered block type hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical "Coke " bottle, pin and original catch all intact. Marked 17 on the pin which is no known maker. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN IRON CROSS 1st CLASS WW2

Lot #739 (Sale Order 853 of 952)

Reproduction die struck, three piece, iron and nickel/silver plated alloy construction Patté style cross with a single piece bronze core and a two piece alloy frame. The obverse of the award features an embossed, central, canted swastika with the re-institution date, "1939", to the bottom arm. The swastika is in nice high relief while the date is somewhat lower. The plain reverse has a central, raised, screw receiving post with internal screw threads and a raised pin to the center of the top arm to prevent the cross from rotating when worn. The cross comes complete with a silver washed, convex, 31mm diameter, circular, alloy screw-back plate with a single embossed, horizontal rib, and a threaded screw post to the reverse center. The reverse of the screw-back plate cross is well marked with the embossed manufacturer's LDO code, "L21" and is a known Floch fake. On March 10TH 1813, Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III established the Iron Cross as a temporary award for bestowal during times of war. Originally the Iron Cross was introduced in three grades with a Grand Cross intended for award to Senior Commanders for successfully leading troops in combat and the First and Second classes for award to all ranks for bravery or merit in action. The Iron Crosses were re-instituted by King Wilhelm I on July 19TH 1870 for award during the Franco-Prussian War and again on August 5TH 1914 by King Wilhelm II for award during WWI. On September 1ST 1939 Hitler once more re-instituted the Iron Cross series of awards in the First and Second Classes and established the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross. The first class medal was for award to personnel who performed three to five acts of bravery in combat, and had already been awarded the Iron Cross 2ND class. Recipients of an Iron Cross were permitted, with the proper documentation, to privately purchase a jeweler’s copy of the award, at their own expense, if so desired. Due to the prestige of the award personnel who could afford it would opt to buy a jeweler’s copy for everyday wear with the actual award being put away for safe keeping. As of March 1941 manufacture of the Iron Crosses, as with other German awards, destined for private retail sale, was regulated by the LDO, Leistungsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ordenshersteller, (Administration of German Medal Manufacturers). The LDO, acted as a quality control agent for awards that were intended for retail sale and manufacturers were to use an assigned LDO, "L", code on their products destined for retail sales. Awards that were to be bestowed by the government were also issued an official numerical government contract code known as a Lieferantnummer, (Contractor's Number), that was issued by the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers, (Presidential Council of the Führers), for formally approved manufacturers. The manufacturing firms that were licensed by both the Präsidialkanzlei des Führers and the LDO and would have used the same dies to stamp both the official issue and retail sales types of awards making them virtually indistinguishable from one another except for the markings. In 1941 the LDO decreed that manufacture of the Iron Cross 1ST class be standardized with the only variation allowed being the type of attachment device on the reverse. The two acceptable attachment devices were either the standard hinge, pin and catch assembly or the screw-back version.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN U-BOAT BADGE BY GWL WW2

Lot #740 (Sale Order 854 of 952)

Reproduction, die struck, alloy construction badge is in the form of a horizontally oval, embossed, laurel leaf wreath with a national eagle with out-stretched wings, clutching a canted swastika in it’s talons, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out, profile view of a submarine. The badge is nicely detailed and features veins to the laurel leaves, cut-out detailing to the submarine’s conning tower, flag, and the forward deck gun. Complete pin and catch assembly. The reverse is well marked with impressed stylized manufacturer's initials within a circular border, "GWL", indicating manufacture by Gebruder Wegerhoff, Lüdenscheid. This badge does not display the characteristics of GWL badges. The U-Boat, (Submarine), War Badge was instituted by Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine und Großadmiral, (Commander in Chief of the Navy and Grand Admiral), Erich Raeder on October 13TH 1939 for award to all ranks of U-Boat personnel who had served on at least two sorties against the enemy, or were wounded or killed in action. When bestowed the U-Boat War Badge was accompanied by an award/possession document. The design of the U-Boat War Badge was based on the 1918, Imperial, U-Boat War Badge but replaced the Imperial crown with the national eagle and swastika. The badge was to be worn, by qualified personnel, on the lower left breast of most uniforms. Of Note: At the conclusion of WWI an article of the Treaty of Versailles had expressly forbidden Germany from building and developing any type of U-Boat arm of service and although a Anglo-German Naval Agreement was negotiated in June 1935, permitting the Germans to produce a small number of U-Boats, at the outbreak of WWII, in September 1939, the German navy was drastically ill-prepared to go to war with less then sixty, serviceable U-Boats in total, of which only about twenty-five were suitable for operations in the deep seas of the Atlantic ocean. In spite of the shortage of serviceable vessels, under the command of, Kapitän zur See Karl Dönitz, (Later, Großadmiral, and Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine and also appointed as Hitler’s as the last head of the Third Reich state in May 1945, as Reichs Präsident), the German U-Boat arm originally had resounding success, during the, Glückliche Zeit, (Happy Time, Roughly, July 1940-May 1943), being credited with sinking roughly two hundred and fifteen allied vessels with registered tonnage of almost 750,000 tonnes by the end of 1939. Großadmiral Raeder was so pleased with Dönitz, early success that he presented him with a special version of the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds, (Circa 1941). Although not an officially sanctioned badge, the U-Boat War Badge with Diamonds was also later bestowed by Dönitz, in a slightly different version then his own badge, to roughly twenty-seven U-Boat commanders who has already been awarded a Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak-Leaves. The effectiveness of the German U-Boat offensive was well recognized by Winston Churchill which he expressed with such quotes as, "The only thing that really frightened me during the war was the U-Boat peril", and, "The U-Boat attack was our worst evil. It would have been wise for the Germans to stake all upon it". Also Of Note: German U-Boat personnel casualties are estimated to be as high as 80%, or more, resulting in it being one, if not the most, dangerous branch of service during WWII.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN SPANISH CROSS IN LDO CASE

Lot #741 (Sale Order 855 of 952)

High quality reproduction of a Spanish Cross in Bronze marked L/13 in the LDO marked green leatherette case. Badge is a close copy but a certain reproduction. Nicely detailed, convexed, multi-piece, die struck bronze construction award in the form of a Maltese style cross with circular center piece, with embossed canted swastika, encompassed by two circular embossed lines on a slightly rough textured background field. Cross arms also have a slightly rough textured background field with a narrow, smooth, raised outer border. Upward pointing, sword blades and hilts emanate between the crosses arms and have a Luftwaffe eagle clutching a swastika affixed to each. Swastika detailing includes cut-outs to three of the four arms. Sword blades have a central embossed rib and hilts have fine diagonal pebbled lines. Reverse with broad, tapering vertical pin, solid soldered hinge and heavy soldered catch assembly all intact. Maker marked L/13. Comes complete with its original LDO marked case. With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936 the Germans supported the Nationalist Falangist Generalissimo Francisco Franco against the communist allied Republican Loyalist party. The German support consisted of assorted field equipment and weapons, the Imker-Gruppe, (Beekeeper Group), of ground personnel which included the Drohne-Gruppe, (Drone Group), of Panzer units and a group of Luftwaffe volunteers designated as the Condor Legion. The participation in this conflict enabled the Germans to test their fledgling armed forces and by rotating personnel gave them a core of troops with actual combat experience. With the successful conclusion of the Spanish Civil War at the end of March 1939 the German contingent returned home, (May 1939), to be heralded as heroes and on April 14TH 1939 Hitler instituted the Spanish Cross series of awards to recognize the service of the German volunteers in Spain. The award was introduced in three classes, bronze, silver and gold, and a special class of gold with swords and diamonds. The bronze and silver crosses were awarded with swords for combatants and without swords for non-combatants, while the gold cross was only awarded with the swords. Criteria for award of a combatant's Spanish Cross included voluntary service in the Condor Legion, participation in specific Naval actions, and/or outstanding bravery or merit in combat. The non-combatant's crosses were awarded for three months service in a support role.

WWII IMPERIAL JAPANESE MEDAL LOT OF 7 WAR BADGES

Lot #742 (Sale Order 856 of 952)

WWII Imperial Japanese medal lot to include 1) CASED ORDER OF THE RISING SUN, 8TH CLASS. The Order of the Rising Sun ("Kyokujitsusho"), established in 1875 as Japan’s first national decoration, could be awarded to either military or civilian personnel for meritorious service. There were eight classes to this order, of which only the lowest two were given to enlisted personnel. Foreigners, on occasion, could also be bestowed the award. This medal, the eighth of the eight classes, is in the form of a three-lobed spray of silver Paulownia leaves, with its veins articulated to the obverse, and with a row of four golden kanji characters to the reverse, which translate to "Order of Merit Decoration." The leaves are surmounted by three sets of silver Paulownia flowers on stalks, five to the center and three to each side. The ribbon is folded with an elongated, vertical alloy hook is to its top, which folds down and mates with an alloy eye sewn to the reverse. Included is a black lacquered wooden case. Case is complete. The interior is fully lined in purple silk and velvet. 2) CASED 1914-1920 WAR MEDAL. The 1 3/16" diameter blackened bronze medal features, to its obverse, two crossed Rising Sun flags (for the Army and Navy) beneath a sixteen-petaled Imperial Chrysanthemum, with Paulownia flowers and leaves arching along the base. To its reverse are embossed three columns of kanji characters, which translate to "Taisho era 3rd-9th Years War" (1914-1920). This is in reference to the Japanese involvement in the First World War, and beyond it to include actions in Siberia (Japanese troops, following the Bolshevik revolution, occupied Vladivostok until 1922). A swiveling hanger is connected to its top, which is itself then connected to a swiveling horizontal bar, through which the ribbon is looped. To the face of the bar is embossed a row of four kanji characters, translating to "War Medal." The 1 7/16" wide, watered silk ribbon has three equal vertical stripes to it, in navy blue, white, and navy blue. An elongated, vertical alloy hook is to its top, which folds down and mates with an alloy eye sewn near the base of its reverse. Comes complete with issue box. 3) CASED RUSSO-JAPANESE 1904/05 WAR MEDAL. An approximately 6cm x 10.5cm softwood case containing an alloy medal and ribbon. The case, which separates along its sides, has a vertical series of eight kanji characters, stamped in gold, to its cover. The base of the interior is lined in a red velvet-like material and is molded to accommodate the medal and its ribbon. A small piece of wood is missing from the top cover. The enclosed award is in the form of a 3cm diameter medal, in gold-colored alloy, featuring, to one face, two crossed Rising Sun flags above Paulownia flowers and leaves and beneath a sixteen-lobed "sun." To the other face is a tablet with vertically arranged kanji characters to it, a sprig of laurel leaves to one side and a sprig of palm leaves to the other. The medal’s swiveling hanger is connected to a horizontal bar, which features four horizontally arranged kanji characters, through which the ribbon is looped. The moire ribbon’s vertical bands are narrow white-wide light blue-wide navy blue-wide light blue-narrow white. An alloy hook-and-eye device is to the reverse. 4) CASED ORDER OF THE RISING SUN, 8TH CLASS. The Order of the Rising Sun ("Kyokujitsusho"), established in 1875 as Japan’s first national decoration, could be awarded to either military or civilian personnel for meritorious service. There were eight classes to this order, of which only the lowest two were given to enlisted personnel. Foreigners, on occasion, could also be bestowed the award. This medal, the eighth of the eight classes, is in the form of a three-lobed spray of silver Paulownia leaves, with its veins articulated to the obverse, and with a row of four golden kanji characters to the reverse, which translate to "Order of Merit Decoration." The leaves are surmounted by three sets of silver Paulownia flowers on stalks, five to the center and three to each side. The ribbon is folded with an elongated, vertical alloy hook is to its top, which folds down and mates with an alloy eye sewn to the reverse. Included is a black lacquered wooden case. Case is complete with the exception of the clasp which is broken off. The interior is fully lined in purple silk and velvet. 5) CASED ORDER OF THE SACRED TREASURE, 8TH CLASS. The die-struck silver medal takes the form of an eight-pointed star whose points terminate in small circles, with even smaller circles marking the intersections of the edge lines, forming a stylized necklace. To the center is a raised, silver "mirror" against a pebbled background. These are the "sacred treasures" from which the award takes its name: the "Yata" mirror, representing purity and wisdom, and the "Yasakani" jewels, which represent benevolence, obedience and affection.

REPRO CASED OAKLEAVES SWORDS TO THE KNIGHTS CROSS

Lot #743 (Sale Order 857 of 952)

Cased set of oakleaves and swords maker marked by Godet or L/21 and 800 indicating the silver content. Lick the Oakleaves and case is also in excellent condition. Comes complete with a full size ribbon. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes), or simply the Knight's Cross (Ritterkreuz), and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross was awarded for a wide range of reasons and across all ranks, from a senior commander for skilled leadership of his troops in battle to a low-ranking soldier for a single act of military valour. Presentations were made to members of the three military branches of the Wehrmacht: the Heer (army), the Kriegsmarine (navy) and the Luftwaffe (air force), as well as the Waffen-SS, the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD—Reich Labour Service) and the Volkssturm (German national militia), along with personnel from other Axis powers. The award was instituted on 1 September 1939, at the onset of the German invasion of Poland. A higher grade, the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross, was instituted in 1940. In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves were instituted: the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords and the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds. At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds, was created. Over 7,000 awards were made during the course of the war.

WWII US WE FRENCH WORKERS WARN YOU POSTER WW2

Lot #744 (Sale Order 858 of 952)

“We French workers warn you… defeat means slavery, starvation, death.” Poster A-25. Washington: War Production Drive Headquarters, 1942. Original large full-color photolithographic poster, measuring 40 by 28-1/2 inches. Vintage World War II government-issued poster designed to increase war production at home. This powerful image depicts a crowd of French working men raising their arms as if under arrest; behind them is an official decree posted from the Vichy government. Ben Shahn has been labeled a “social realist,” who in his own words, “found that I must paint those things that were meaningful to me— that I could honestly paint in the shapes and colors I felt belonged to them. What shall I paint? Stories.” The story of the French occupation contributed to America’s decision to enter the war. Poster is in excellent condition with a couple of edge tears but will display well.

WWII US THIS IS NAZI BRUTALITY POSTER 1942 WW2

Lot #745 (Sale Order 859 of 952)

About 38" by 28", dated 1942, graphic poster depicting a man about to be executed, and the text in the form of a telegram from Radio Berlin talks about about the massacre at Lidice Czechoslovakia. This poster has been attributed to the works of Ben Shahn who has been labeled a " social realist". Nice condition with folds. MINT

LEGION OF MERIT CHIEF COMMANDER BREAST STAR CASED

Lot #746 (Sale Order 860 of 952)

United States, gilt with red, white, blue and green enamels, illustrating a wreath of green laurel joined at the bottom by a gold bow-knot (rosette), a domed five-pointed white star bordered in crimson, points reversed with v-shaped extremities, each tipped with a gold ball, crossed arrows pointing outwards between each of the arms of the star, center with a blue disk encircled by gold clouds, with thirteen white stars arranged in the pattern that appears on the Great Seal of the United States, "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" engraved on the reverse, horizontal pinback. Accompanied by its hard shelled case of issue, marked "LEGION OF MERIT CHIEF COMMANDER" on the lid, light wear and scuffing evident on the exterior. The Legion of Merit (LOM) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces that is given for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is issued to members of the eight uniformed services of the United States[5] as well as to military and political figures of foreign governments. The Legion of Merit (Commander degree) is one of only two United States military decorations to be issued as a neck order (the other being the Medal of Honor), and the only United States military decoration that may be issued in degrees (much like an order of chivalry or certain Orders of Merit), although the degrees including a neck ribbon are only awarded to non-U.S. nationals. The Legion of Merit is seventh in the order of precedence of all U.S. military awards and is worn after the Defense Superior Service Medal and before the Distinguished Flying Cross. In contemporary use in the U.S. Armed Forces, the Legion of Merit is typically awarded to Army, Marine Corps, and Air Force general officers and colonels, and Navy and Coast Guard flag officers and captains occupying senior command or very senior staff positions in their respective services. It may also be awarded to officers of lesser rank, senior warrant officers (typically in command positions at the rank of chief warrant officer 5), and to very senior enlisted personnel (typically in the rank of command sergeant major and sergeant major of the Army in the Army, fleet master chief petty officer and master chief petty officer of the Navy in the Navy, chief master sergeant of the Air Force in the Air Force, and sergeant major of the Marine Corps in the Marine Corps), but these instances are less frequent, typically by exception, and the circumstances vary by branch of service. Authority to award the Legion of Merit is reserved for general officers and flag officers in pay grade O-9 (e.g. lieutenant general and vice admiral) and above, civilian Department of Defense personnel at assistant service secretary or Assistant Secretary of Defense level and above, or equivalent secretary-level civilian personnel with the Department of Homeland Security with direct oversight of the U.S. Coast Guard.

WWII - VIETNAM ARCHIVE OF RETIRED COLONEL W/ SWORD

Lot #747 (Sale Order 861 of 952)

Retired Colonel archive of a retired US Air Force veteran. Items to include 1) Presentation Spanish Tizona Sword named to Colonel William G. McDonald Deputy Commander For Operations 4 July 1968 To January 1973 Torrejon AB Spain. The sword in the frame measures 50 X 16 1/2 inches and has a high amount of detailing to the sword. 2) 50 Star burial flag from his funeral. 3) Legion Of Merit medal (not named) and commendation dated 1973 for mission readiness. 4) Certificate of Retirement folio dated 1973. 5) Certificate Knights of the Blue Nose for crossing the Arctic Circle. 6) Strategic Air Command 2000 hour club for outstanding airmanship dated 1958. 7) The Air Force Commendation Medal (not named) and citation dated 1962. 8) Named K-2B flight suit size marked medium regular in excellent condition. 9) WWII cased pilot training certificate and photograph. 10) Funeral book nicely filled out and named to Colonel William G. McDonald.

5TH GROUP VIETNAM JOHN WAYNE TIGER STRIPE JACKET

Lot #748 (Sale Order 862 of 952)

Outstanding identified 1st pattern style, lightweight jungle tiger stripe camo in the John Wayne pattern. This jacket is beautifully patched out and named to MIKE Force 3rd Corps Company A commander Lt. Commander then Major Robert M. Campbell. This uniform was made for him in 1968. To his left shoulder is his Ranger, Airborne tabs and Special Forces patch. To his left chest is his Master Parachutist Badge and US Army tape and crossed rifles to the collar. To his right side of the chest is his name tape with Campbell and his RVN paratroopers cloth badge along with his Major rank insignia to the collar. The jacket was purchased by Bill Brooks a long time military dealer in the 1980's and been in the consignors hands all this time. The jacket is made of a light weight poplin materiel and in excellent condition. There are photographs of his that is published of him wearing this very uniform. Excellent Vietnam War Fearing the growing threat of the Viet Cong insurgency to the South Vietnamese government, President John F. Kennedy began activating special forces units in anticipation of their insurgency combat expertise in 1961. The 5th Special Forces Group was among those units activated in 1961, and while attending training at the Special Warfare Center, Kennedy visited the units and personally approved the distinctive Special Force's Green Beret. The 5th SFG was first deployed as a battlefield advisory group for the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). By February 1965, it was deployed as a mainstay battle force once the war was in full swing. They used unconventional and conventional warfare, and were some of the last soldiers the United States pulled out of Vietnam. The group's personnel in Vietnam adopted a variant flash with an added diagonal yellow stripe with three narrow red over-stripes to the existing black background with white border from 1964 to 1970. These colors symbolize the 1st and 7th SFG Soldiers who served under 5th SFG during the Vietnam War. The reason was that the group had a black flash bordered in white was to provide visibility against the beret from 1970 to 1985 it was adopted by the entire Group. It reverted to the plain black flash on 16 January 1985. On 23 March 2016, the 5th Special Forces Group changed over to the Vietnam-era flash to pay respect to the unit's history and the Green Berets of the past who are part of the unit's history. The 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne) was unique in the Vietnam War for its heavy usage of watercraft, particularly Hurricane Aircat airboats. The 5th Special Forces Group launched a wide-ranging campaign against Viet Cong forces in the Mekong Delta in July 1967. The campaign, conducted jointly with the South Vietnamese Army, civilian irregulars, and the US Navy and Air Force, was built around the use of some 400 watercraft, including 84 airboats, as well as helicopters, US Navy warships, and civilian vessels. The extensive naval operations required an overhaul in tactics to allow the 5th Special Forces Group to employ the speed and firepower of the Aircat airboats to their maximum effect. When used in concert with armed helicopters, Patrol Air Cushion Vehicle hovercraft, and support from Air Force reconnaissance planes, Navy river patrol boats, and artillery, these watercraft enabled "telling victories over the Viet Cong" and turned the flood season into a significant tactical advantage for the United States. The use of watercraft, increases in troop strength, and introduction of other tactics—deploying more soldiers to Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG) bases, distributing improved handbooks to commissioned and non-commissioned officers, etc.— allowed the 5th Special Warfare Group to take the fight to the enemy, capturing large swaths of territory in the Delta, making the 50 percent of territory and CIDG bases that were previously too overrun with Viet Cong to enter safe enough to operate in, and mounting operations and establishing CIDG bases deep in Viet Cong territory. These gains were not without cost, however: 55 Special Forces and 1,654 Vietnamese were killed during 1967, as well as an estimated 7,000 Viet Cong. In June 1969 the killing of a suspected double agent Thai Khac Chuyen, and the attempt to cover it up, led to the arrest in July of seven officers and one non-commissioned officer of the 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne) including the new commander, Colonel Robert B. Rheault in what became known as the "Green Beret Affair". Chuyen was working with the 5th on Project GAMMA when the Green Berets learned he might be a double agent. He underwent about ten days of rigorous interrogation and solitary confinement before he was shot and dumped into the sea.

VIETNAM ERA 10 CAP BLASTING MACHINE BY FIDELITY

Lot #749 (Sale Order 863 of 952)

This is an original Vietnam U.S. Army 10 Cap Blasting Machine, complete with the original handle. These were used by demolition crews to destroy obstacles. This particular example has a brass lower housing, with a lid that appears to be zinc or aluminum, with a data plate on the side with information and instructions. The Data plate reads: U.S. ARMY BLASTING MACHINE FIRING INSTRUCTIONS CONNECT EXTERNAL CIRCUIT TO SOCKET CONNECTORS: TWIST HANDLE VIGOROUSLY TO THE RIGHT ORDNANCE PART NO. 11599606 FIDELITY PART NO. 9428A SERIAL NO. 10466 FIDELITY ELECTRIC CO. INC. LANCASTER, PA. 17604 The Blasting Machine comes complete with the original twist handle, still attached by a chain. The handle itself is steel, so it unfortunately has suffered rust damage, and the bottom portion is missing one of the two "teeth" that engage the machine. Also, the leather carry handle/cover is missing, though the two mounting buttons are still attached. Offered in very good condition, with the expected wear of age.

VIETNAM VUNG TAU 1966 - 67 TOUR EMBROIDERED JACKET

Lot #750 (Sale Order 864 of 952)

Original 1967-68 vintage Vietnam War tour jacket, embroidered with the colorful work that you can see in the photos. This jacket was from a veteran of the Army Base at Vung Tau. During the Vietnam War, the 1st Australian Logistics Support Group was headquartered in Vung Tàu – as were various United States military units at different times. Vung Tàu also became popular for R&R, amongst in-country US, Australian and New Zealand personnel. Overall in very good shape, showing typical wear from use in the pocket lining but no significant defects. Silk liner is solid with minor staining. Size is estimated to be Child's medium or slightly larger as there is no actual label to designate exactly.

ORIGINAL VIETNAM VIET CONG SILK FLAG

Lot #751 (Sale Order 865 of 952)

Original Viet Cong Flag. 24” x 15 1/2”. Displays from both sides with cut out center star with minor staining but otherwise excellent. The Vi?t C?ng, also known as the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam or FNL (from french Front National de Libération), was a mass political organization in South Vietnam and Cambodia with its own army – the Liberation Army of South Vietnam (LASV) – that fought against the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War, eventually emerging on the winning side. It had both guerrilla and regular army units, as well as a network of cadres who organized peasants in the territory it controlled. Many soldiers were recruited in South Vietnam, but others were attached to the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), the regular North Vietnamese army. During the war, communists and anti-war activists insisted the Vi?t C?ng was an insurgency indigenous to the South, while the U.S. and South Vietnamese governments portrayed the group as a tool of Hanoi. Although the terminology distinguishes northerners from the southerners, communist forces were under a single command structure set up in 1958. North Vietnam established the National Liberation Front on December 20, 1960, to foment insurgency in the South. Many of the Vi?t C?ng's core members were volunteer "regroupees", southern Vi?t Minh who had resettled in the North after the Geneva Accord (1954). Hanoi gave the regroupees military training and sent them back to the South along the Ho Chi Minh trail in the early 1960s. The NLF called for southern Vietnamese to "overthrow the camouflaged colonial regime of the American imperialists" and to make "efforts toward the peaceful unification". The LASV's best-known action was the Tet Offensive, a gigantic assault on more than 100 South Vietnamese urban centers in 1968, including an attack on the U.S. embassy in Saigon. The offensive riveted the attention of the world's media for weeks, but also overextended the Vi?t C?ng. Later communist offensives were conducted predominantly by the North Vietnamese. The organization was dissolved in 1976 when North and South Vietnam were officially unified under a communist government.

RARE CHINESE KOREAN WAR HELMET W/ RED STAR.

Lot #752 (Sale Order 866 of 952)

Original era manufacture. Standard Japanese Type 90 helmet which has been converted for use by the Chinese after WWII with a Red Star applied to the front.

1954 VIETNAM DATED BATTLE FLAG OF INDEPENDENCE

Lot #753 (Sale Order 867 of 952)

1954 dated North Vietnamese battle flag for the 310th Regiment. Flag measures 30 X 42 including gold fringe. Center of the flag has a well armed soldier holding a grenade and rifle with the inscription QUY?T CHI?N QUY?T TH?NG or We fought to win speaking of their Independence. The Vi?t C?ng, also known as the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam or FNL (from french Front National de Libération), was a mass political organization in South Vietnam and Cambodia with its own army – the Liberation Army of South Vietnam (LASV) – that fought against the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War, eventually emerging on the winning side. It had both guerrilla and regular army units, as well as a network of cadres who organized peasants in the territory it controlled. Many soldiers were recruited in South Vietnam, but others were attached to the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), the regular North Vietnamese army. During the war, communists and anti-war activists insisted the Vi?t C?ng was an insurgency indigenous to the South, while the U.S. and South Vietnamese governments portrayed the group as a tool of Hanoi. Although the terminology distinguishes northerners from the southerners, communist forces were under a single command structure set up in 1958. North Vietnam established the National Liberation Front on December 20, 1960, to foment insurgency in the South. Many of the Vi?t C?ng's core members were volunteer "regroupees", southern Vi?t Minh who had resettled in the North after the Geneva Accord (1954). Hanoi gave the regroupees military training and sent them back to the South along the Ho Chi Minh trail in the early 1960s. The NLF called for southern Vietnamese to "overthrow the camouflaged colonial regime of the American imperialists" and to make "efforts toward the peaceful unification". The LASV's best-known action was the Tet Offensive, a gigantic assault on more than 100 South Vietnamese urban centers in 1968, including an attack on the U.S. embassy in Saigon. The offensive riveted the attention of the world's media for weeks, but also overextended the Vi?t C?ng. Later communist offensives were conducted predominantly by the North Vietnamese. The organization was dissolved in 1976 when North and South Vietnam were officially unified under a communist government.

20th C. US LOT UNIFORMS USAF GENERAL + MORE

Lot #754 (Sale Order 868 of 952)

Large collection of US Military uniforms dating from the later half of the 20th Century. Includes a US Air Force BDU camouflage uniform ID'D to a Brigadier General Jones, a Navy Seal BDU uniform, a Ranger BDU uniform with scuba qualification badge, several early US Military Academy at West Point uniforms and cadet caps, a Spanish American War veterans visor cap, and more. Condition varies. Good - Excellent

MISC. US & BRITISH FIELD GEAR LOT MAG CAMO HELMET

Lot #755 (Sale Order 869 of 952)

US Military field gear lot to include 1) Vietnam M1 camo covered combat helmet with a cover dated 1970. Helmet is in overall excellent condition. 2) Second pattern spike protector boots with issue tag size 12N in mint condition. 3) Five metal link machine gun belts for an M60. 4) Two Korean War Era M1 Carbine Magazine Clip Pouches 5) Five Vietnam Era M14 Magazine Pouches, one still retaining it's magazines. 6) 1953 entrenching tool cover 7) WWII 1944 maker marked Axe cover in mint condition. 8) Two M16 ammunition pouches. 9) WWII British Sten gun pouch. 10) WW1 US Grenade pouch dated 1918 in mint condition. 11) M8 Spare Barrel cover 1944 dated. 12) Model of 1916 Bacon tin in mint condition. 13) WWII US Army leggings dated 1943 and are size marked 3. 14) WWII British Sten gun bayonet. 15) Swiss Switzerland M57 bayonet and scabbard with leather frog in excellent condition. 16) WW1 Austrian 1916 dated porcelain covered canteen with several wear spots as seen in the photos but still retaining it's original cork.

3 WWII JAPANESE NAVY SIGNAL PENNANTS CARRIERS

Lot #756 (Sale Order 870 of 952)

Pair of World War II era Japanese Naval Signal / Semaphore flag pennants. One is black and white and measures approximately 40" long and 32" at the hoist. This one, with a horizontal black stripe and two horizontal white stripes on either side is the signal for "San" a Naval maneuver ordering ships to separate into same number of groups as there are aircraft carriers. Second one measures approximately 21" at the hoist, and approximately 60" long. This one, with red and yellow vertical stripes is a ship designator pennant "Ko" meaning Aircraft carrier. The Maneuver pennant has some wear near the hoist. Both have loops and tie strings, and both have Japanese red ink naval acceptance stamps in the lower left corner. Last one s a 25" x 30" Phonetic Alphabet flag. Good - Very good.

WWII JAPANESE CAVALRY TYPE 44 FOLDING BAYONET

Lot #757 (Sale Order 871 of 952)

1st Variant, 1911, Type 44 Japanese Cavalry Type 44 Arisaka folding bayonet with hooked quilion and triangular blade. Functions well, shows slight age. 13.5" spiked blade, 15.5" overall. Very Good

2-19TH CENTURY ARTILLERY LANYARDS

Lot #758 (Sale Order 872 of 952)

Lot of 2- 19th century artillery cannon lanyards. About 48", Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN LOT OF 9 MILITARY ITEMS DOG TAG

Lot #759 (Sale Order 873 of 952)

Lot of 9 items including war merit cross 5 class with correct red, white and black ribbon. Black wound wound badge with functioning pin. Russian front medal with long correct ribbon. Winter relief book and Hitler. German dog tag marked Stammkp. G.E.B. 358 B 8972. Imperial German Prussian cockade. War Merit Cross with swords ribbon bar. Two placement ribbon bar with EKII and Russian Front medal. Finally a miniature West Wall Medal. Very Good

PAIR OF 19th C. FRENCH MEDALS, NAMED 1859, 1870

Lot #760 (Sale Order 874 of 952)

French Italian Expedition of 1859 Medal, and French Medaille Militaire, dated 1870 and engraved with the soldier's name JORDAN RHA 66466 on the back. Excellent

GAR FELT SLOUCH HAT WITH CORDS IN BOX

Lot #761 (Sale Order 875 of 952)

Felt hat with rolled brim, hat band, and hemmed brim. Has wreathed "G.A.R." Grand Army of the Republic badge in the center which is mounted to a black velvet pad and hand sewn to the hat. Also has black & gold had cord with bullion wire gold "acorns." Inside the hat, there is a Union Hatters of North America paper tag covered with plastc. Remnants of a name and order tag on the opposite side of the interior of the hat. Comes in original paper over cardboard hatbox, made by Dunlap of New York. Paper shipping label affixed to bottom of the box has pencil written name "W. W. Norton" and an address. Leather strap has deteriorated and come off the box, and there is some damage to the edges of the lid, but this has preserved the hat remarkably well. Excellent

19th CENTURY LG INDO-PERSIAN PUSH DAGGER ENGRAVED

Lot #762 (Sale Order 876 of 952)

11.9" blade, 18" overall. No apparent forge or maker's mark, but the blade and grip have ornate engraving or etching. Three crossbars for grips, and two guards down either side. At the base of the blade on either side, there is a figure wearing a hat or a crown with birds on either side of him. Early Persian style push dagger, in a large size and very ornate. Blade is separate from the handle and held in place by a single hammered pin on either side. Blade is sharp on both sides and retains an edge, some discoloration to the grip section from handling. Excellent

19th CENT. D GUARD SIDE KNIFE made from FILE

Lot #763 (Sale Order 877 of 952)

Blade measures 9 3/8" long and 1 1/8" wide. It has been fashioned from a file. The point has a 2" clip and it has been crudely sharpened. The grip is wood, and the blade has been peened to the iron guard through the pommel. Similar styled knives were used during the Civil War. 13 1/4" overall. Very Good

2-19th CENT. SIDE KNIVES made from SWORDS

Lot #764 (Sale Order 878 of 952)

The first knife has a 6 1/2" blade with 3 thin fullers on each side. The grip, guard, and ferrule are horn. The guard has been repaired and there is indiscerable name scatched into the left side of grip. 11" overall. The other knife has a 6 3/4" spear point blade, a steel guard and a knurled ferrule. The grip is wood. 12" overall. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN EM/NCO SWORD BY ALCOSO W/ HANGER

Lot #765 (Sale Order 879 of 952)

(Säbel) Roughly, 32 inch long slightly curved steel construction blade. Blade is in near mint condition. The saber has brass hilt fittings with a "P" knuckle bow. Original grip wire is still present. Maker marked to Alcoso. Scabbard complete and in nice condition and comes with an original portepee and over the shoulder hanger. Excellent The Sword/Saber is an age old military tradition, that evolved from a functional weapon into an item of uniform dress ornamentation by the start of WWI. This strong tradition continues in many armies to this day as a symbol of strength and power. After Hitler’s rise to power in January 1933 and the reintroduction of conscription in March 1935 a wide variety of new sword and saber designs were introduced to outfit the rapidly growing Wehrmacht. This revival in sword/saber production resulted in the numerous blade manufacturers, mainly located in Solingen, to develop a wide variety of ornate designs in an attempt to compete for the lucrative manufacturing contracts which resulted in over one hundred different patterns of the army sword/saber being produced during the Third Reich era. Dress regulations for Officers and senior NCO’s prescribed wear of side arms as a component of particular forms of dress. As a result of the war situation production of the swords and sabers was to be discontinued as per regulations of May 27TH 1943, although those already issued could still be worn on ceremonial occasions. Additional regulations of December 23RD 1944 indicated that all officers ranks were to wear a pistol in place of the sword/saber or the dress dagger.

KNIGHTS TEMPLAR MASONIC SWORD & SCABBARD 1890s

Lot #766 (Sale Order 880 of 952)

Ivory handled Masonic sword overall length 39" with sheath. Ornate mounted with enamels with beautiful gilded over brass maker is Morgan, Puhl, & Morris, Detroit Michigan. Morgan Puhl and Morris of Detroit Michigan entered business in 1893. In 1906 they became the Detroit Regalia Company.

19th CENTURY BRASS HANDLED SHORT SWORD

Lot #766a (Sale Order 881 of 952)

Brass-handled sword with 3/4 fuller, 22.75" blade, and a theatrical styled knight and armament design on the grip. Made from a French Model 1866 Chassepot bayonet blade. 27.75" overall length. Very Good

UNITED SPANISH WAR VETERANS DAUGHTERS BANNER

Lot #767 (Sale Order 882 of 952)

US Spanish War Veterans' Daughters of '98 Department of California Banner flag. Measures 31.25" wide and 49.5" tall. Front reads "Daughters of '98 instituted May 18, 1948 Department of California." Shield in center reads "D of '98 National Auxillary USWV" with their logo. Machine cotton chain stitched embroidered on blue satin material with yellow cloth fringe. Multi piece construction with a brass horizontal mounting bar. Single sided. Near Mint

1930s US PLOSSERVILLE GRAND CENTRAL AVIATION PATCH

Lot #768 (Sale Order 883 of 952)

In 1932, US Army Air Corps WWI veteran Joe Plosser started a flying school called Grand Central School of Aviation. During the interwar years, his school would train Jimmy Doolittle, Laura Ingalls Wilder, and other famous celebrity pilots, and the school was used to train pilots for World War II as well. This small collection includes a pamphlet for the school which is signed in the back with autographs of Burleigh and Janet Putnam and Rufus March II. Burleigh Putnam served as Plosser's chief pilot, and his wife Janet was a teacher. This school was host to Howard Hughes and other famed aviators. Also includes a multi-piece wool and embroidered patch from the uniform of a School of Aviation instructor. Book is in excellent condition, as is the patch. Excellent

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR US PERSONALIZED QUILT

Lot #769 (Sale Order 884 of 952)

4' x 4' quilt made of red and blue square swatches with white tassel trim. Has applied eagles, American flags, and other patriotic motifs. Reads :United States Co. C. 3rd IN Kan. And the name H. M. Beason. Shows considerable age and wear, but displays very well and has great colors. Very Good

WWII IMPERIAL JAPANESE NAVAL OFFICERS DAGGER

Lot #770 (Sale Order 885 of 952)

Imperial Japanese WWII Naval Officers Dagger & Scabbard. Measures 16 3/16" long overall. The steel blade measures 5/8" wide by 8 5/16" long. Has a brown leather scabbard with brass fittings that have a chrysanthemum design on them. The pommel and cross guard are brass construction. There is a push button on the reverse side to release the dagger from the scabbard. Missing fitting on top of grip. Very Good

HECKLER & KOCH P2A1 FLARE GUN WITH CASE

Lot #771 (Sale Order 886 of 952)

One of the most well-developed flare guns in existence - developed in the 1980s by HK engineer Hulmut Weldle. Issued by several European militaries. Comes in rubberized case, and includes cleaning rod. Excellent

5 PC US NAVY SHIP USS ALAMO SAILOR KEEPSAKE LOT

Lot #772 (Sale Order 887 of 952)

5 pieces of memorabilia from the estate of career sailor Robert G. Tinley who served in the Navy during World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. Lot includes a hand-painted coffee mug, a porcelain ash tray, an engraved cigarette lighter with the USS Alamo on the front and the words "FROM THE CO'S CABIN" on the back - made by Commercial Products Co. Also includes a painted chalk plaque mounted to a wooden shield and a painted tile mounted in a wooden square. All items show light handling wear and age. Very Good

15 WWII US ARMY AIR CORPS AIR FORCES PATCHES

Lot #773 (Sale Order 888 of 952)

Lot of 15 WWII era US Army Air Corps / Air Forces patches. Includes 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, and 13th Air Force command patches, as well as flight cadet patches in blue and black, a Far East Air Forces patch - this one is theater made in the CBI theater - and three specialization cuff striker patches for engineering and telecommunications. Very Good - Excellent

WWII NAZI GERMAN ARTILLERY PERSONNEL’S RUCKSACK

Lot #774 (Sale Order 889 of 952)

Light weight water repellant olive drab canvas construction rucksack with leather and steel and alloy fittings. The rucksack is roughly 44cm tall 31cm wide and 13cm deep. The rucksack has a rectangular fold over top flap with a stitched seam to the reverse. The fold over top flap has a leather reinforced rectangular steel ring positioned near the reverse stitched seam for attaching additional equipment. The fold over top flap trimmed in brown leather has a vertical leather closure strap stitched to the front center with a corresponding leather reinforced steel pronged roller buckle situated on the front center of the rucksack’s body. The top opening has twelve metal grommets with the drawstring intact. The reverse of the rucksack has a half-moon shaped leather panels positioned at the center of the top edge with two rivetted on leather for shoulder carrying straps. The half-moon shaped leather panel is well marked with impressed 0/0565/000. There is typical wear to the rucksack but overall a nice clean example. During the war the early M34 and M39 "pony fur" backpacks were found to be too expensive and time consuming to produce which resulted in the production of a wide variety of less expensive canvas construction combat rucksacks and backpacks. One of the newly proposed rucksacks was designed specifically for artillery personnel and was officially introduced in February 21st 1940 and utilized through-out the war. The artillery rucksack came in two versions with one having integral shoulder straps and the other without shoulder straps which was designed for wear with the combat Y-straps.

9 WWII ERA NEWSLETTERS SEYMOR JOHNSON FIELD AAF

Lot #775 (Sale Order 890 of 952)

Collection of 9 early 1943 dated newsletters titled "AUTOMECH" from Seymour Johnson Field, an Army Air Corps / Air Forces maintenance airfield during World War II. Many interesting wartime articles and photographs here. Folded as delievered. Excellent

4- CHRISTMAS THEMED WWII WAR BOND POSTERS

Lot #776 (Sale Order 891 of 952)

Lot of 4 World War II posters, in the original shipping envelope from the US Treasury Department. 40" x 28" War Bond advertisement dated 1943 -- 40" x 28" 7th War Loan, Treasury Department print dated 1945 -- 26" x 37" poster (*MISPRINT DATE) "1495" US Government Printing Office Christmas War Bond advertisement -- 28.5" x 37" Christmas War Bond poster designed by Lyman Simpson. These are still folded in the original shipping envelope - some discoloration with age, and minor wear at the creases. Excellent - Mint

VIETNAM ERA GREEN BERET LOT OF 3 5TH & 10TH GROUP

Lot #777 (Sale Order 892 of 952)

Lot of three Vietnam era service Berets including 1) 5th Group Beret marked to the interior Beret, Man's Wool Rifle Green DSA 100-67-C-413 8415-082-5648 7 1/2. Beret is in excellent condition. 2) 10th Group green Beret with lining removed. 3) Special Forces Beret that is lined and marked Beret Man's Wool Rifle Green DSA-100-69-C-1462 8415-082-5649 100% Virgin Wool except lining, Sweatband and draw cord. All Berets are in excellent condition. Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is a country in Southeast Asia and the easternmost country on the Indochinese Peninsula. With an estimated 96.2 million inhabitants as of 2019, it is the 15th most populous country in the world. Vietnam shares its land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares its maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital city is Hanoi, while its most populous city and commercial hub is Ho Chi Minh City, also known by its former name of Saigon. Archaeological excavations indicate that Vietnam was inhabited as early as the Paleolithic age. The ancient Vietnamese nation, which was centered on the Red River valley and nearby coastal areas, was annexed by the Han Dynasty in the 2nd century BC, which subsequently made Vietnam a division of Imperial China for over a millennium. The first independent monarchy emerged in the 10th century AD. This paved the way for successive imperial dynasties as the nation expanded geographically southward until the Indochina Peninsula was colonised by the French in the mid-19th century. Modern Vietnam was born upon the Proclamation of Independence from France in 1945. Following Vietnamese victory against the French in the First Indochina War, which ended in 1954, the nation was divided into two rival states: communist North and anti-communist South. Conflicts intensified in the Vietnam War, which saw extensive US intervention in support of South Vietnam and ended with North Vietnamese victory in 1975.

WWII THEATER MADE FIGHTING KNIFE W/ SCABBARD WW2

Lot #778 (Sale Order 893 of 952)

Theater made fighting knife with a heavy tooled leather scabbard. Knife has a clipped point blade measuring 6 inches long with an aluminum and plastic spaced grip in excellent condition. The heavy tooled leather scabbard is completely hand made utilizing the back of a 45 holster manufactured by Enger-Kress. Overall in excellent condition.

WWII JAPANESE TYPE 90 COMBAT HELMET W/ LINER WW2

Lot #779 (Sale Order 894 of 952)

The standard WWII Japanese infantry combat helmet. The shell, constructed from chrome polybend steel retains a good portion of its original paint. The original IJA metal star affixed to the front. The three pad pigskin liner and band is complete. Size adjustment string is complete. The helmet is complete with its original cloth chinstrap and all rivets and rings. Decent field worn example. To the interior is a small damaged silk Japanese National flag.

WWII JAPANESE CIVIL DEFENSE HELMET WITH LINER

Lot #780 (Sale Order 895 of 952)

WWII Japanese Civil Defense Helmet with Fabric and Liner and chinstrap. Brass emblem to the front. Excellent

WW1 IMPERIAL GERMAN P08 LUGER HOLSTER 1915 DATED

Lot #781 (Sale Order 896 of 952)

A brown leather, hard shell holster for the standard P08. Nice complete example, leather is still in good condition. Missing one of the belt straps. Stitching is all original. Faint unit marks with 1915 date. Shows the expected period use and wear but overall intact and in usable condition. The P08 ("Pistole" model 1908), more commonly referred to after the surname of its designer, Georg "Luger," saw service throughout the first world war, during the Reichswehr era, and was adopted as the official pistol of the Wehrmacht prior to WWII. Although popular, its toggle breech was prone to dirt entry, which affected its performance. In 1938 the weapons firm of Carl Walther developed the P38 pistol as its successor. Although the P08 was never fully replaced by the P38, manufacture of the earlier pistol was discontinued in 1943.

WII US FREEDOM OF WANT FREEDOM OF FEAR POSTER LOT

Lot #782 (Sale Order 897 of 952)

Nice pair of original WWII posters featuring the art of Norman Rockwell. Both are dated 1943, and Include "Freedom From Want", and Freedom of Fear". Condition are in near mint measuring 28 X 20 inches. Norman Percevel Rockwell (February 3, 1894 – November 8, 1978) was an American painter and illustrator. His works have a broad popular appeal in the United States for their reflection of American culture. Rockwell is most famous for the cover illustrations of everyday life he created for The Saturday Evening Post magazine over nearly five decades. Among the best-known of Rockwell's works are the Willie Gillis series, Rosie the Riveter, The Problem We All Live With, Saying Grace, and the Four Freedoms series. He is also noted for his 64-year relationship with the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), during which he produced covers for their publication Boys' Life, calendars, and other illustrations. These works include popular images that reflect the Scout Oath and Scout Law such as The Scoutmaster, A Scout is Reverent and A Guiding Hand, among many others. Norman Rockwell was a prolific artist, producing more than 4,000 original works in his lifetime. Most of his surviving works are in public collections. Rockwell was also commissioned to illustrate more than 40 books, including Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn as well as painting the portraits for Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, as well as those of foreign figures, including Gamal Abdel Nasser and Jawaharlal Nehru. His portrait subjects included Judy Garland. One of his last portraits was of Colonel Sanders in 1973. His annual contributions for the Boy Scouts calendars between 1925 and 1976 (Rockwell was a 1939 recipient of the Silver Buffalo Award, the highest adult award given by the Boy Scouts of America), were only slightly overshadowed by his most popular of calendar works: the "Four Seasons" illustrations for Brown & Bigelow that were published for 17 years beginning in 1947 and reproduced in various styles and sizes since 1964. He painted six images for Coca-Cola advertising. Illustrations for booklets, catalogs, posters (particularly movie promotions), sheet music, stamps, playing cards, and murals (including "Yankee Doodle Dandy" and "God Bless the Hills", which was completed in 1936 for the Nassau Inn in Princeton, New Jersey) rounded out Rockwell's œuvre as an illustrator. Rockwell's work was dismissed by serious art critics in his lifetime.[6] Many of his works appear overly sweet in the opinion of modern critics,[7] especially the Saturday Evening Post covers, which tend toward idealistic or sentimentalized portrayals of American life. This has led to the often-deprecatory adjective, "Rockwellesque". Consequently, Rockwell is not considered a "serious painter" by some contemporary artists, who regard his work as bourgeois and kitsch. Writer Vladimir Nabokov stated that Rockwell's brilliant technique was put to "banal" use, and wrote in his book Pnin: "That Dalí is really Norman Rockwell's twin brother kidnapped by Gypsies in babyhood". He is called an "illustrator" instead of an artist by some critics, a designation he did not mind, as that was what he called himself.

IMPERIAL GERMAN NON PORTABLE MADALLION LOT OF 2

Lot #783 (Sale Order 898 of 952)

Non Portable award or medallion lot to include 1) Gilded bronze medal 1909, from König. To the unveiling of the Nuremberg Schiller Monument. View of the monument, tendrils growing out of the vase, on it the second and third Nuremberg city arms with the inscription Das Schillerdenkmal In Nürnberg Von A. Hildebrand Gestiftet Von Johannes Grasser. Excellent 2) Schiller Monument in Berlin commemorative coin with the dates 1859-1909 and is artist signed Hans Dietrich. One sided bronze medal 1910 by Hans Dietrich for the Christlbaur mint (Vienna) on Schiller's 150th birthday in 1909 - poet and doctor; AV: Bust of Schiller on a base decorated with a laurel wreath, surrounded by his literary figures

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN HEER ARMY PARATROOPER BADGE

Lot #784 (Sale Order 899 of 952)

(Heer Fallschirmschützenabzeichen). Second Pattern in the shape of a oval badge constructed of silver, the obverse presents a gilded wreath of oak leaves tied with band at the bottom, topped by a Wehrmacht-style eagle, riveted to the wreath is a plummeting eagle.

WWII JAPANESE PILOT'S NATIONAL FLOTATION FLAG IJN

Lot #785 (Sale Order 900 of 952)

Framed WWII Japanese white silk flag with a red "Himaru" printed to its center measuring 33 1/2 X 42 1/2. Short, white cotton tie-cords are to two of its corners, where triangular reinforcements may also be seen, and a tunnel loop runs along all of its sides, within which are evenly distributed sections of buoyant kapok (the same material used in their life-jackets). Of Note: Used as a marker for downed airmen, these light weight, thin silk flags required almost no space to store, and were normally carried in the special pocket found to the lower right front panel of most life-jackets. Scarce.

1940's WINCHESTER SUPER X ADVERTISEMENT POSTERS

Lot #786 (Sale Order 901 of 952)

A pair of circa 1940s Winchester Super X illustrations measuring 16 1/2 X 24 inches in their original framing. first scene shows a Buck deer running into a group of hunter's camp startling both deer and hunters alike. Second is group of outdoors men in their cabin getting ready for the day of hunting. Both are in excellent condition

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT CLASP IN GOLD WW2

Lot #787 (Sale Order 902 of 952)

Nicely convex, die struck alloy award with a gilt washed finish. Clasp in the form of a central square panel with recessed background field with an embossed national eagle above crossed bayonet and grenade, flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimposed on a ribbed horizontal outward pointing base. Gilt washed finish is retained about 40% with small spots of wear to the base alloy. Magnetic backing plate behind eagle, bayonet and grenade motif is held in place by crimped sides at reverse. Reverse with broad, tapering horizontal pin, solid soldered hinge and catch all intact. Reverse well marked with embossed designer's name and address, "Fec. W.E. Peekhaus Berlin" and manufacturer's “A.G.M.u.K., GABLONZ” The Close Combat Clasp was introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armor. The Clasp was issued in three grades, bronze, silver and gold, with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to hand combat for bestowal of the bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN CLOSE COMBAT CLASP IN SILVER F&BL

Lot #788 (Sale Order 903 of 952)

Reproduction but still nicely detailed die struck alloy construction clasp with a worn and faded silver washed finish. The clasp features a central square panel with a recessed background field with an embossed national eagle with out-stretched wings clutching a canted swastika in its talons positioned above a crossed bayonet and grenade flanked by four oak-leaves and dual acorns superimpose on a ribbed horizontal outward pointing base. The recessed central, square panel has a blued magnetic sheet metal backing plate positioned behind the eagle bayonet and grenade motif which is held in place by crimped side tabs on the reverse. The solid reverse has a solid, soldered, hinge inset into a rectangular recess with raised lips, a broad, tapering, horizontal pin and a heavy soldered catch on a circular base plate inset into a circular recess with raised lips all intact. Maker marked “F & BL” for “Funcke & Brüninghaus of Lüdenscheid”. The Close Combat Clasp series of awards were introduced on November 25TH 1942 for award to personnel who fought in hand-to-hand combat situations unsupported by armour. The Clasp was issued in three grades, of Bronze, Silver and Gold with each successive grade signifying more days spent in hand-to-hand or close combat. Criteria for award of the clasps consisted of fifteen days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Bronze clasp, thirty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Silver clasp and fifty days of hand-to-hand combat for bestowal of the Gold clasp. There was also a prescribed, combat to time served ratio, enabling long serving personnel to be eligible for award of a clasp.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HITLER YOUTH PENNANT FLAG

Lot #789 (Sale Order 904 of 952)

Reproduction, two sided multi piece construction Hitler youth HJ pennant with embroidered A H S Adolf Hitler School 17 1/2 x 35". excellent The BDM, Bund Deutscher Mädel, (League of German Girls), was the female version of the Hitler Jugend and may trace its origins back to 1927. The first female group established in 1927 evolved into the BDM by July 1930 and in July 1932 it gained equal political status with the HJ. The BDM was structured in the same manner as the HJ with different unit designations. The BDM Mädelgruppe was equivalent in size to the HJ Gefolgschaft, and would consist roughly of 150 personnel.

WWII NAZI GERMAN HJ FANFARE TRUMPET BANNER

Lot #790 (Sale Order 905 of 952)

Reproduction HJ trumpet banner approximately 46cm square double sided multi-piece cotton construction banner with four doubled tie strings along its upper edge for affixing it to a trumpet. To both sides is the typical HJ pattern swastika with red and white fields. A 30mm silver/white fringe runs along both sides and the bottom of the banner. No Hanging loops. White portions show the expected light age yellowing but overall excellent untouched example. The origins of the Hitler Jugend, (Hitler Youth), may be traced back to March 1922 with the formation of the Jugendbund der NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, (Youth League of the National Socialist German Worker’s Party), under control of the SA, Sturmabteilung, (Storm/Assault Detachment). In April 1924 the Jugendbund der NSDAP was renamed Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung (Greater German Youth Movement), and on July 4TH 1926 the Grossdeutsche Jugendbewegung was officially renamed Hitler Jugend Bund der deutschen Arbeiterjugend, (Hitler Youth League of German Worker Youth).

WWII NAZI GERMAN PANZER ARMY SWALLOWTAIL STANDART

Lot #791 (Sale Order 906 of 952)

REPRODUCTION. These fabulous standards, or "Standarten", were employed for units other than those that carried flags, and these in particular were used for all mechanized units. Exquisitely hand embroidered using fine quality silver bullion and heavy thread, they are historically correct, being made just like the originals and measuring a full 22" x 31".

REPRO GERMAN DEUTSCHLAND ERWACHE STANDARTE

Lot #792 (Sale Order 907 of 952)

A symbol of the new Germany, the Deutschland Erwache (Germany Awake) Standards were first introduced on January 28, 1923. This reproduction, exacting in every detail, features the blood red silk background with white lettering and a black swastika on a white circle and trimmed with alternating red, black & white fringe. 28” x 24”

REPRO GERMAN 1st SS STANDARTE LAH TRUMPET BANNER

Lot #793 (Sale Order 908 of 952)

Exceptional reproduction of of this very rare Standarte Trumpet Banner. Reproduced in silver bullion on heavy black velvet background and complete with silver bullion fringe. Double sided, these make excellent fillers for any collection. Measure 20 inches

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE OFFICER'S VISOR

Lot #794 (Sale Order 909 of 952)

Reproduction Luftwaffe blue/gray, wool/rayon blend construction visor cap with a very subtle, whipcord weave features a black, horizontally ribbed, interwoven, mohair centerband, and bright, interwoven silver/aluminum piping to the crown edge and both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. The front center of the cap has a hand embroidered, second pattern, Luftwaffe eagle in bright silver/aluminum wire threads with bright silver/aluminum bullion accent threads on a cut-out, Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base. The eagle is neatly handstitched to the cap. The front center of the centerband has a hand embroidered, winged, oak-leaf wreath in silver/aluminum wire threads, encompassing a hand embroidered national tri-color cockade. The wreath has gray and black accent threads and the national tri-color cockade is constructed in black and silver/aluminum wire threads with an a central, red wool dot. The winged wreath and cockade are mounted on a cut-out black wool base which is also handstitched in place. The cap has an interwoven, twisted, silver/aluminum, braid, chin cord which is secured to the cap by two, small, silver washed, pebbled, alloy buttons. The cap has a forward, extended, blackened lacquered, vulcanfiber visor with a machine stitched, simulated, leather trim to the forward edge. The interior of the cap is fully lined in pale lime green rayon. The lining to the interior crown has a clear, celluloid, sweat rhomboid fully intact. The lining beneath the sweat rhomboid is well marked with faint, silver printed, script "Verkaufs-Abteilung der Luftwaffe", (Sales Department of the Air Force), with the address, "Berlin SW68 Puttkamerstr. 16-18", and the stylized manufacture’s acronym within diamond and oval cartouches, "Erel". The interior of the cap has a green leather sweatband with ventilation perforations to the front forehead section. Visor caps were a standard item for all military personnel during the Third Reich period and regulations dictated the form of dress they were to be worn with based on the individuals rank. On its inception on February 26TH 1935, the Luftwaffe adopted most of the uniform items of the earlier DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), its civilian forerunner, including the visor cap. In March 1935 the earlier, "Tellerform", saucer shaped, caps were replaced with a new a "Sattelform" cap with a higher front peak and an oval shaped top. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own caps and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Luftwaffe’s Verkaufsabteilung, (Air-Force Sales Department), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their caps from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase visor caps of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive. Company and Field grade Officer’s caps were distinguished from the EM/NCO’s caps by bright silver/aluminum piping and a silver/aluminum chin cord while General Officer’s ranks utilized gold colored fittings. EM/NCO ranks visor caps utilized the appropriate waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), piping and blackened leather chinstraps.

REPRO WW2 NAZI GERMAN LUFTWAFFE GENERALS VISOR CAP

Lot #795 (Sale Order 910 of 952)

eproduction Luftwaffe blue/gray, wool/rayon blend construction visor cap with a very subtle, whipcord weave features a black, horizontally ribbed, interwoven, mohair centerband, and bright, interwoven gold piping to the crown edge and both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. The front center of the cap has a hand embroidered, second pattern, Luftwaffe eagle in bright gold wire threads with bright gold bullion accent threads on a cut-out, Luftwaffe blue/gray wool base. The eagle is neatly handstitched to the cap. The front center of the centerband has a hand embroidered, winged, oak-leaf wreath in gold wire threads, encompassing a hand embroidered national tri-color cockade. The wreath has gray and black accent threads and the national tri-color cockade is constructed in black and gold wire threads with an a central, red wool dot. The winged wreath and cockade are mounted on a cut-out black wool base which is also handstitched in place. The cap has an interwoven, twisted, gold, braid, chin cord which is secured to the cap by two, small, gold washed, pebbled, alloy buttons. The cap has a forward, extended, blackened lacquered, vulcanfiber visor with a machine stitched, simulated, leather trim to the forward edge. The interior of the cap is fully lined in green rayon. The lining to the interior crown has a clear, celluloid, sweat rhomboid fully intact. Visor caps were a standard item for all military personnel during the Third Reich period and regulations dictated the form of dress they were to be worn with based on the individuals rank. On its inception on February 26TH 1935, the Luftwaffe adopted most of the uniform items of the earlier DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), its civilian forerunner, including the visor cap. In March 1935 the earlier, "Tellerform", saucer shaped, caps were replaced with a new a "Sattelform" cap with a higher front peak and an oval shaped top. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own caps and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Luftwaffe’s Verkaufsabteilung, (Air-Force Sales Department), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their caps from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase visor caps of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive. Company and Field grade Officer’s caps were distinguished from the EM/NCO’s caps by bright silver/aluminum piping and a silver/aluminum chin cord while General Officer’s ranks utilized gold colored fittings. EM/NCO ranks visor caps utilized the appropriate waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), piping and blackened leather chinstraps.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN 1ST CLASS SPANGE L/21 WW2

Lot #796 (Sale Order 911 of 952)

Reproduction WWII Nazi German Spange. Nicely detailed, die struck alloy construction, second pattern, nickle/silver plated award is in the form of a national eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an oak-leaf wreath in it’s talons, which encompasses a canted swastika, positioned above a horizontal, trapezoidal, date bar with diagonally angled ends and the embossed institution date, "1939". The award shows nice detailing including feathering to the eagles wings and a subtly textured background field to the swastika and the date bar. The plain reverse of the award has a small, solid, soldered, hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical pin, and a soldered catch all intact. The award maker marked L/21 indicating the maker Forester & Barth Pforzheim. Nicely detailed, die struck alloy construction, second pattern, nickle/silver plated award is in the form of a national eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an oak-leaf wreath in it’s talons, which encompasses a canted swastika, positioned above a horizontal, trapezoidal, date bar with diagonally angled ends and the embossed institution date, "1939". The award shows nice detailing including feathering to the eagles wings and a subtly textured background field to the swastika and the date bar. The plain reverse of the award has a small, solid, soldered, hinge, a broad, tapering, vertical pin, and a soldered catch all intact. The award has no visible manufacturer’s markings.

3 COMBAT HELMETS CZECH, BELGIAN, and BRITISH

Lot #797 (Sale Order 912 of 952)

Lot of 3 combat helmets. Brodie style Belgian with Belgian flag, liner, and chinstrap; Czech Model of 1930 combat helmet, made for the Spanish Army, with WWI style shell and bolts on the side - missing liner; and postwar British Brodie style helmet with unit insignia decal. Very Good

3 FRENCH ADRIAN STYLE M26 COMBAT HELMETS

Lot #798 (Sale Order 913 of 952)

Lot of 3 French combat helmets. Adrian Style, all three have insignia on the front. One is green with an Artillery front plate, missing a liner. One has an ordnance insignia and "D.P." on the front, and has an intact leather liner and chinstrap. One has an Infantry insignia on the front, and is missing the liner. WWI and WWII. Some show wear. Very Good.

REPAINTED WWII NAZI GERMAN HELMET SS DECALS

Lot #799 (Sale Order 914 of 952)

Original heat-stamped 4902 German helmet shell with redone paint job and reproduction decals for SS and NSDAP. Replaced sweatband and chinstrap. M-42 style helmet with reproduction finish and decals. Good for display or reenactment purposes. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN REPRO LOT OF MEDALS HJ KNIFE WW2

Lot #800 (Sale Order 915 of 952)

Reproduction lot of German WWII items to include. 1) Hitler Youth camp knife with a blade marked Solingen Germany on the obverse and PIC to the reverse. Comes complete with it's plastic scabbard. 2) Identification disk of the Geheime Staatspolizei (Gestapo) or Secret State Police. The die struck disk features sharp details to the eagle and lettering, and is properly numbered 84356. These disks were considered a warrant, and when making an arrest or handling an investigation, were all that was needed to ensure cooperation. RZM marked to the front M9/86. 3) 100 General Assault Badge complete with working pin back and catch. 4) SS Proficiency Sport Badge marked to the reverse M/25 to the reverse with pin and catch.

REPAINTED M42 GERMAN HELMET WITH DECALS

Lot #801 (Sale Order 916 of 952)

M42 German helmet with replaced liner, chinstrap, and desert paint and decals -- all of which were applied well after World War II. Shell is heat stamped Q64 and liner is stamped 59. Very Good

REPAINTED GERMAN HELMET WITH PAINTED SS INSIGNIA

Lot #802 (Sale Order 917 of 952)

M42 German Helmet with replacement chinstrap, rough textured paint. Painted SS and NSDAP insignia are not of World War II vintage. Good for display or reenactment. Includes painted name "Heinz Fegelein" on the inside nape. Very Good

REFURBISHED GERMAN M42 HELMET

Lot #803 (Sale Order 918 of 952)

M42 German Helmet with "2483" stamp in the name and hand painted "HIRT" name. Has a 57 stamped leather liner. Chinstrap and liner appear to be refurbished pieces. Very Good

REPAINTED GERMAN M42 HELMET

Lot #804 (Sale Order 919 of 952)

Restored / repainted German M42 helmet. Has been repainted, has new liner marked 57-61 and new chinstrap. Has a large crack to the front of the visor. Shows evidence of having had applied decals at one time which have since been removed. Good

REPAINTED M18 GERMAN HELMET SHELL

Lot #805 (Sale Order 920 of 952)

M18 WWI era German helmet shell. Smooth glossy green finish is post-war. No bolts or liner. Shell only. Good restoration candidate. Very Good

WWII NAZI GERMAN K98 BAYONET + GERMAN DAGGERS

Lot #806 (Sale Order 921 of 952)

Lot of four german made blades including an export K98 bayonet with no scabbard, a Solingen marked "Black Panther" dagger, in the style of an SA or SS dagger only shorter, a Solingen marked "Black Viking" dagger. and a Black Forest Germany calw & ball hilted aluminum handled knife. Longest blade, the K98 Export bayonet, measures 9.8" at the blade and 15.2" overall. Condition varies. Good - Very Good.

WWII NAZI GERMAN REPRO K98 RIFLE MAGAZINE POUCHES

Lot #807 (Sale Order 922 of 952)

Very good quality reproduction K98 pouches. These were standard issue to all troops armed with K98 rifles in the German Armed Forces during WWII. Each pouch holds six 5 round "stripper" clips, with a pair of pouches holding a total of 60 rounds. MINT

US ARMY, USMC UNIFORMS + FLAGS + MORE

Lot #808 (Sale Order 923 of 952)

Large patriotic & Militaria lot includes 2 vintage 3x5 50-star American Flags, a US Army Cavalry Officer's dress blue uniform with shoulder boards and ribbon bars (the ribbon bars on this uniform denote Navy or Marine Corps service in Vietnam), a US Air Force sergeant's uniform, and a Korean War era US Marine Corps uniform -- this is the shortened Ike or Vandegrift style jacket and trousers. Condition varies. The flags both exhibit wear and age. Army officer's uniform also includes the cap with distinctive yellow band for Cavalry officers. Comes with "American Soldier: Defender of Freedom: gift set for a soldier or veteran, and a World War II era US Navy "donald duck" cap. Very Good - Excellent

W. LUDOLPH MARINE SEXTANT IN CASE

Lot #809 (Sale Order 924 of 952)

WWII Era and in good condition. In original wooden case . Made by W. Ludolph, Bremerhaven, Hamburg. Case is 30X30X16 cm. made of wood. The sextant is metal and copper. A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. The primary use of a sextant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation. The estimation of this angle, the altitude, is known as sighting or shooting the object, or taking a sight. The angle, and the time when it was measured, can be used to calculate a position line on a nautical or aeronautical chart—for example, sighting the Sun at noon or Polaris at night (in the Northern Hemisphere) to estimate latitude. Sighting the height of a landmark can give a measure of distance off and, held horizontally, a sextant can measure angles between objects for a position on a chart.[1] A sextant can also be used to measure the lunar distance between the moon and another celestial object (such as a star or planet) in order to determine Greenwich Mean Time and hence longitude. The principle of the instrument was first implemented around 1731 by John Hadley (1682–1744) and Thomas Godfrey (1704–1749), but it was also found later in the unpublished writings of Isaac Newton (1643–1727). In 1922, it was modified for aeronautical navigation by Portuguese navigator and naval officer Gago Coutinho.

WWII US AIR CORPS ARMY USMC PATCH 51 PATCHES WW2

Lot #810 (Sale Order 925 of 952)

WWII US Army Air Corps - US Army - US Marine Corps collections of various Divisions, Regiments and commands. All 51 patches dates to WWII and are in excellent condition/ The most unusual patch is a 12th Air Force green back patch that is seldom seen. Excellent

WWII US ARMY TRENCH ART LAMP LOT OF 2 WW2

Lot #811 (Sale Order 926 of 952)

WWII US trench art lamps lot of two made identical to each other standing 2 feet tall and being made of artillery shells and aluminum gears. The lamp still retain their original wiring so that will have to be addressed before using them but otherwise excellent condition.

WWII REPRO WAFFEN SS M35 COMBAT HELMET w/ LINER

Lot #812 (Sale Order 927 of 952)

WWII REPRODUCTION Waffen SS combat helmet. The helmet shell is completely fake and is a double decal Waffen SS and has been artificially been aged to give it an old appearance. The the helmet comes with a reproduction liner and chinstrap.

COLD WAR WARRIORS BY JOHN YOUNG - B-47 PRINT

Lot #813 (Sale Order 928 of 952)

The B-47 became the first true modern bomber to fill the ranks of General Curtiss Lemay's new Strategic Air Command. With long range, high altitude capabilities, the "Stratojet" became the backbone of SAC in the early 1950s. As fast as many early jet fighters, with sophisticated defenses and an operational altitude of up to 40,000 feet, the B-47 was a strong deterrent in the early days of the nuclear standoff. This art print 22 3/4 X 29 inches by John Young is signed by the artist as well as A.M. "Tex" Johnson. Alvin Melvin "Tex" Johnston (August 18, 1914 – October 29, 1998) was an American jet-age test pilot for Bell Aircraft and the Boeing Company.

WOLFPACK LEADER DOWNS FIVE ART PINTS SIGNED

Lot #814 (Sale Order 929 of 952)

As his salute to the 56th Fighter group, historical artist Jerry Crandall has captured Col. David Schilling in his P-47 "Hairless Joe" when he encountered over 100 bogeys 23 Dec. 1944. After multiple vectors, Schilling added 3 Bf 109's and 2 Fw 190's to his victory tally. This would be recognized as a record day not only for Col. Schilling but for the group as well as they downed 37 E/A in an historic air battle over Bonn, Germany. Schilling assumed command of the 56th after Col. Hub Zemke. He ended the war as a top ace with 22.5 aerial and 10.5 ground victories. This highly respected leader was killed in a 1956 auto accident in England. Captured with incredible detail and accuracy, this highly accurate historic print honors Col. Schilling and all members of the famed 56th! Personally autographed by the Artist and Six Leading 56th Fighter Group Aces all now USAF (ret.): - Col. Hubert "Hub" Zemke - Col. Francis "Gabby" Gabreski - Lt. Gen. Gerald Johnson - Lt. Col. Robert S. Johnson - Col. Walker "Bud" Mahurin - Col. Frank Klibbe. This art print 22 3/4 X 29 inches is in mint condition.

ON THE DECK OVER SCOTLAND ART PRINT BY COHEN

Lot #815 (Sale Order 930 of 952)

Generations of aircrews recognize the significance of August 23, 1954 - the first test flight of the Lockheed YC-130, known to those who fly it as the "Hercules." A versatile workhorse of a plane, the C-130 has been used in myriad roles over the years including troop, equipment, and supply transport; electronic communications service; search-rescue missions; spacecraft retrieval; and weather reconnaissance. Today, more than 40 years after its inception, the C-130 can be seen on air bases and in skies around the world. Join us on the flight deck of a C-130 of the 135th Airlift Squadron, 175th Wing of the Maryland Air National Guard with the pilot, co-pilot, and flight engineer. Along with two other C-130's, we are engaged in dangerous - yet exhilarating - low-altitude exercises over England and Scotland, flying our aircraft over a cluster of drip zones as quickly as possible. This 26.5" by 16.5" image size print, limited to 650, is signed by the artist. MINT

WW1 AVIATION ART PRINT LOT OF 6 SIGNED BY ARTIST

Lot #816 (Sale Order 931 of 952)

A collection of WW1 aviation prints by famed artist Robert E. Carlin. The prints to include 1) May 18th, 1916. Kiffin Rockwell, flying his Nieuport 11 near Mulhouse, spotted a German reconnaissance machine. Closing to within thirty meters he fired and swerved to miss collision. Thus the famous Lafayette Escadrille had it's first victory, with both German crewman being killed by a burst of only four bullets. This framed print measures 18 X 23 1/2 inches and is numbered 359, dated 8/18/71 and signed by the artist. 2) Kiffin Rockwell Saves An Alley...While flying deep in Germany in late summer, 1916, Rockwell found a French Voisin being shot to rags by an Albatros D-2. The surprised German lost the battle, and the grateful Frenchman, Lt. Martin du Claussone, followed Rockwell to his Lafayette Escadrille base to personally thank him. Rockwell never received credit for the victory and was killed a short time later. Claussone died in Paris in May, 1968. This framed print measures 18 X 23 1/2 inches and is numbered 359, dated 8/18/71 and signed by the artist. 3) Capt. O. C. Boots LeBoutillier, Flight Leader of 209 Squadron R.A.F., after combat with the Flying Circus, making a pass over the crashed triplane of Baron Manfred Von Richthofen along the Bray-Corbie Road, Somme Valley, France, Sunday, April 21, 1918. Print is signed by the artist and numbered 233/500. 4) A Yank In The R.A.F., Capt. O. C. Boots LeBoutillier, Flight Leader of 209 Squadron, witnessing one of the most memorable moments of all aerial combats, the death of Baron Manfred Von Richthofen who crashed-landed near the Somme River in France along the Bray-Corbie Road on Sunday, April 21, 1918. This print is signed by Capt. O. C. Boots LeBoutillier and dated 1972 and measuring 26 X 28 inches. 5) Early Morning Ops" by James Dietz This is a fabulous WWI limited edition print with great colors and subject matter. Print number 124/1000 and signed by James Dietz. Image size is 14" x 22". SE5's and pilots on a WWI airfield. 6) Raymond Collishaw "Black Flight" 60 V. srd Leading British Ace by J.B. Deneen measuring 20 1/2 X 24 inches.

REPRO WWII KRIEGSMARINE EM/NCO'S OVERSEAS CAP

Lot #817 (Sale Order 932 of 952)

Nice quality, deep navy blue wool/rayon blend construction overseas cap features fold down side and back panels with gently sloping, downward scallops to the front and forward sides. The front center of the cap has a machine woven national eagle in golden yellow threads on a cut-out, woven, navy blue, rayon base. The front center of the fold down panels has a machine woven national tri-color cockade, on a woven, navy blue, diamond shaped base. Both pieces of insignia are original stitching to the cap. The interior of the cap is fully lined in light weight blue rayon material. Size marked 60. German Naval uniforms and headgear were based on traditional designs that date back to the creation of the Prussian Navy in 1848, and although uniforms and headgear did evolve during the interim years many items used during the Third Reich would still have been quite recognizable to the Imperial sailor. The Kriegsmarine overseas cap was originally introduced on November 10TH 1938 and was officially designated, Gefechtsmütze (Battle cap). This early pattern overseas cap was restricted for wear on ships by certain specific personnel. On October 7TH 1939 the cap underwent minor modifications, was re-designated, Bordmütze, (Board cap), and became a regular issue item for wear by all personnel both on and off ship for the duration of the war. Officer and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own uniforms and headgear and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the OKK, Offizier Kleiderkasse der Kriegsmarine, (Officer’s Clothing Account of the Navy). Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive. Generally speaking officers bought nice quality, private purchase, uniform items but they could also choose to buy their uniforms directly from the military clothing depots. Officer ranks overseas caps were distinguished from EM/NCO’s by the addition of gilt piping around the forward edge of the flaps while administrative officials utilized silver piping.

WWII LUFTWAFFE OFFICER WHITE TOP SUMMER VISOR CAP

Lot #818 (Sale Order 933 of 952)

Reproduction Officers white top visor cap consists of a white, cotton/rayon blend, waffle, (pique), patterned top with silver piping to the forward edge of the crown. The cap features a black, horizontally ribbed, mohair centerband, and bright, interwoven, silver/aluminum braid piping to both the top and bottom edges of the centerband. The front center of the cap has a Luftwaffe eagle, clutching a canted, swastika in it’s talons. The removable eagle is secured to the cap by three prongs. The front center of the centerband has a hand embroidered, winged, oak-leaf wreath in silver/aluminum wire threads with tan accent threads, encompassing a national tri-color. The national tri-color cockade is constructed of black and silver/aluminum wire threads with a red central dot. The winged wreath and cockade are mounted on a cut-out black wool base which is neatly handstitched in place. The cap has an interwoven, twisted silver/aluminum braid chin cord which is secured to the cap by two, small, silver washed, pebbled, alloy buttons. The cap has a black lacquered vulcanfibre visor with a machine stitched, simulated leather lip to the forward edge. The interior of the cap has a wide light tan leather sweatband with ventilation perforation to the front forehead section. Visor caps were a standard item for all military personnel during the Third Reich period and regulations dictated the form of dress they were to be worn with based on the individuals rank. On its inception on February 26TH 1935, the Luftwaffe adopted most of the uniform items of the earlier DLV, Deutscher Luftsport Verband, (German Air Sports League), its clandestine, civilian forerunner, including the visor cap. In March 1935 the earlier, "Tellerform", saucer shaped, caps were replaced with a new a "Sattelform" cap with a higher front peak and an oval shaped top. The insignia utilized on the visor caps consisted of the Luftwaffe style national eagle as introduced for wear by Fliegerschaft, (Pilot Base), personnel of the DLV on August 18TH 1934 and was officially adopted for wear by all Luftwaffe personnel on March 1ST 1935 along with a new winged wreath and national tri-color cockade. The visor caps for Company and Field grade Officer’s holding the ranks of Leutnant up to Oberst were distinguished from EM/NCO’s caps by bright silver/aluminum piping and a silver/aluminum chin cord while Officers holding Generals ranks of Generalmajor up to Reichsmarschall utilized gold colored fittings. EM/NCO ranks visor caps utilized the appropriate waffenfarbe, (Branch of Service Color), piping and blackened leather chinstraps. Officers and certain senior NCO ranks were responsible for purchasing their own caps and as a result were allotted a clothing allowance through the Luftwaffe’s Verkaufsabteilung, (Air-Force Sales Department), system. The Officers and certain senior NCO’s could choose to purchase their caps from the armed forces clothing depots or to privately purchase visor caps of higher quality. Although enlisted personnel were issued their caps from government supplies they were also permitted to purchase privately tailored caps although the price may have been restrictive. In April 1935 a white topped visor cap was introduced and was permitted for wear by all ranks as an optional item between April 1ST and October 1ST annually. The cap was most commonly produced with a removable top although fixed top caps were also produced contrary to regulations. Originally the removable white tops were produced in a ribbed white cotton drill until regulations of June 1937 altered the top to a white cotton/synthetic material blend with a repeating waffle pattern although both styles were worn through-out the war.

REPRO WWII NAZI GERMAN DIPLOMATIC OFFICIAL'S VISOR

Lot #819 (Sale Order 934 of 952)

Diplomatic Official's Visor Cap is a high quality reproduction of an extremely rare style cap. This cap features the a quality black Tricot (whipcord) wool top, black velvet cap band, rayon satin lining, silver bullion chin cord, correct black Vulkanfiber visor. Insignia consists of a genuine hand embroidered silver bullion eagle, wreath, and cockade in the unique, diplomatic style. Brown leather sweatband is also complete

REPRO WAFFEN SS M43 CAMO CAP MOTTLED OAK PATTERN

Lot #820 (Sale Order 935 of 952)

As worn by troops of the Waffen SS, this camo M-43 cap in Mottled Oak are made from fine cotton camouflage material that is identical to the original World War II patterns. Reversible from Spring to Fall.

REPRO WWII WAFFEN SS CAMO OAK B PATTERN SMOCK

Lot #821 (Sale Order 936 of 952)

Reproduction summer side camouflage pattern is a mix of different shades of green and tan while autumn side is predominately tans, browns and ochre shades. Smock features a low oval boat style neckline with vertical lace-up front plaquet with reinforcement patch to bottom edge. Plaquet has five stitched eyelets to each side for the closure tape. Raglan style sleeves. Smock has a slightly diagonally angled slash opening with straight edged flap to each side of front plaquet, just above waistline, allowing access to uniform pockets worn underneath the smock. Smock has a tunnel looped elastic at waistband with short tail skirt below it. Cuffs also have tunnel looped elastics. The smocks were designed large and loose to fit over a uniform and this example would be roughly a size 48" chest. There is a tear to the right armpit area, but its in a good hidden spot when the smock is in wear. The development of SS camouflage items was initiated by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler in 1935 when he tasked the Reichsführung-SS, (National Leadership of the SS), to begin research of new camouflage patterns and garments for use by the fledgling SS-VT, SS-Verfugüngstruppe, (SS-Special Purpose Troops). In late 1936 and early 1937 the first SS camouflage garments were issued to personnel of the SS-VT Standarte Deutschland for field testing and evaluation. The first items evaluated were the Quarter shelters/ponchos, followed by steel helmet covers, face masks and smocks which were first delivered in late 1938. Originally the smocks were manually screen printed and due to the time consuming task of the printing only minimal quantities were issued until early 1940 when the machine rolled printing process was developed. By June 1940 over 32,000 camouflage smocks had been issued and distributed between four Waffen-SS units and another 30,000 smocks were expected to be issued by September of that year. The original M38 style smock underwent minor modifications in 1940 and twice in 1942. As the war continued the SS developed and introduced new camouflage patterns and manufacturing techniques including the machine roller printed, "Blurred Edge", camouflage pattern as developed in 1941, and reworked through to 1944.

GERMAN ARMY COVERALLS FLECKTARN CAMO

Lot #822 (Sale Order 937 of 952)

Original German army flecktarn camo pattern tanker overall. The overall feature a 2 way front opening zip, with zips at the bottom of each leg. There are epaulettes on the shoulders, and adjustable cuffs at the end of each sleeve. They also have zipped pockets on each chest and hip, as well as a further one at the bottom of each leg. Made of durable fabric, a mix of cotton and polyester

REPRO NAZI INFANTRY ASSAULT BADGE IN BRONZE

Lot #823 (Sale Order 938 of 952)

Reproduction die stamped, hollow backed, alloy construction badge features an embossed, vertically oval, oak-leaf wreath with a Wehrmacht style eagle with down-swept wings, superimposed to the top center, encompassing a cut-out rifle with a fixed bayonet and a sling. The reverse is a mirror image of the obverse and has a crimped, soldered hinge, a thin round vertical pin and a soldered catch all intact. Unmarked. When Generaloberst Walther von Brauchitsch, introduced the Infantry Assault Badge in Silver on December 20TH 1939 bestowal of the badge was not extended to motorized infantry personnel. This was rectified on June 1ST 1940 with the introduction of the Infantry Assault Badge in Bronze for award to Officer's, and EM/NCO's of Motorized Infantry units. The requirements for bestowal, and design of the badge matched those of the silver badge. The criteria for the award varied, with the main qualification being participation in three separate motorized Infantry assaults.

12 US + EUROPEAN MILITARY RIFLE SLINGS

Lot #824 (Sale Order 939 of 952)

Lot of 12 Military issue rifle slings. Includes a Boyt marked leather sling, a British Enfield leather sling, a Russian Mosin-Nagant rifle sling, several post-Vietnam War era M-16 OD Green canvas slings, and more. Condition varies - Very Good - Excellent

LARGE LOT US MILITARY PATCHES, MEDALS, AND MORE

Lot #825 (Sale Order 940 of 952)

Includes approximately 30 post-Vietnam US Navy patches including squadron patches, ship and submarine patches, and two cased medals, a US Prisoner of War Medal and a US Navy Commednation medal as well as an Infantry shoulder cord and an Ordnance Corps school shoulder cord with attached distinctive unit insignia. Also includes 3 unidentified leather or faux leather scabbards. Very Good - Excellent

MILITARY SCABBARD + GUN CLEANING KITS + MORE

Lot #825a (Sale Order 941 of 952)

Miscellaneous militaria lot including 1) Early 19th century scabbard with a brass throat measuring 16 1/2 inches missing the throat. 2) Early 19th century scabbard with a brass throat measuring 19 inches in total length with brass fittings and probably German made. 3) Military style machete with scabbard measuring 23 inches in total length. Blade is marked SHEFEELD STEEL MASSACHUSETTS with finish loss but overall very good condition. 4) European combat Y straps being made of brown leather with all the proper fittings. Comes with three military gun cleaning accessories including 1) Brass large bore .30 cal cleaning rod measuring 33 inches in total length 2) Steel shaft and aluminum swivel handle cleaning rod also for a .30 rifle and measures 33 inches as well. 3) Small arms accessories cleaning kit with contents for maintaining the M2 .50 caliber Machine Gun. Made from heavy duty vinyl canvas used in Vietnam and throughout the 1970-80's.. Condition varies - good - Excellent

3 WWII NAZI GERMAN COLLECTOR REFERENCE BOOKS

Lot #826 (Sale Order 942 of 952)

Rare, out of print WWII Nazi German collector's reference books. German Helmets 1933-1945 by Goodapple and Weinand; Edged Weaponry of the Third Reich by Major John R. Angolia, and Collecting The Edged Weapons of the Third Reich Volume III by Lieutenant Colonel Thomas M. Johnson. All three are difficult to find and great sources of information for Third Reich collectors. Some edge wear. Very Good

6 US MILITARY HISTORY & COLLECTOR REFERENCE BOOKS

Lot #826a (Sale Order 943 of 952)

Includes "A Short History of the Korean War" by James L. Stokesbury; "Soldiers" by John Keegan and Richard Holmes; "The History of the Vietnam War" by Douglas Welsh; "This is the SAS," by Tony Geraghty; "The American Soldier" by Philip Katcher; "Korean War" by Stephen Badsey. Out of print and rare reference material here. All have dust covers intact. Excellent

1980s US ARMY & MARINE CORPS M1 STEEL HELMET

Lot #827 (Sale Order 944 of 952)

Appears unissued. Ground Troops style helmet with complete liner and chinstraps as well as BDU 3-color woodland camouflage cover. NSN dated on the inside to 1983 contract production. Nylon j-hook chinstraps, swivel bales. Excellent

WWII GERMAN 3RD REICH SS TAPESTRY HOMAGE TRIBUTE

Lot #828 (Sale Order 945 of 952)

Measures 80 inches wide by 51 inches tall. This wall hanger is almost exactly remade like the one that hung in the offices of the SS Deutsche Ahnenerbe in Berlin's Dahlem strasse. The saying translates " No people live longer then the documentation of their culture".

WWII GERMAN 3RD REICH SS TAPESTRY HOMAGE TRIBUTE

Lot #829 (Sale Order 946 of 952)

Measures 74 inches by 54 inches. Remade to be just like the tapestry that hung in the offices of Georg Josias Adolf who was the SS Oberfuhrer and high police leader in the district.

VIETNAM ERA 13TH MILITARY POLICE GUIDON FLAG

Lot #830 (Sale Order 947 of 952)

US Military issued 19 3/4 x 26 3/4 13th Military Police Guidon. Flag is double sided and made a rayon/silk material with appliqued (sewn) construction. Has some fading but otherwise excellent. Constituted 20 July 1943 in the Army of the United States as the 1358th Military Police Company. Activated 10 August 1943 at Camp Ripley, Minnesota. Inactivated 10 November 1945 at Buckley Field, Colorado. Redesignated 24 January 1969 as the 13th Military Police. Company; concurrently allotted to the Regular Army and activated in Thailand. Inactivated 1 January 1975 in Thailand

MILITARY POLICE CORPS REGIMENTAL FLAG OR COLORS

Lot #831 (Sale Order 948 of 952)

US Army Military Police Corps Color or Flag measuring 35 X 57 and is machine embroidered on poly/silk green background material, double sided with a sewn in sleeve to insert flag pole. Manufacturer tag is present and made by National Capital Flag Co.

VIETNAM ISSUED AIRPLANE FIRST AID KIT W/ CONTENTS

Lot #832 (Sale Order 949 of 952)

1960's VINTAGE VIETNAM WAR US AIRPLANE FIRST AID KIT. Kit in good used condition, has all of it's contents. Snap on pouch on side is half torn off, zipper and pull the dot connectors all in good working condition.

LOT OF THREE HELMET LOT GERMAN EAST GERMAN SWISS

Lot #833 (Sale Order 950 of 952)

Grouping of three helmets to include 1) Repainted M40 Double Decal SS helmet. Helmet has been completely reworked but still retains the original leather liner and chinstrap. Due to the fact the helmet has been repainted it makes it impossible to read the makers code or heat lot. The helmet is roughly a size 64. 2) Post WWII East German M56 DDR helmet with liner and chinstrap. The Helmet is green with a brown leather/foam liner. The chinstrap is also leather that is connected to the inside liner. In good condition, no dents, no rust, just scuff/scrap marks all around the helmet, no rust. 3) M18 Swiss combat helmet with liner and chinstrap. Excellent

WWII NAZI LUFTSCHUTZ BEADED M38 GLADIATOR HELMET

Lot #834 (Sale Order 951 of 952)

The three piece, stamped, sheet steel construction Luftschutz M38 "Gladiator" style helmet retains a most of its original, smooth, dark satin blue paint. The front center of the helmet has a Luftschutz emblem decal. The black detailed, silver decal features stylized spread wings with a central oak-leaf sprig and a canted swastika positioned below a scripted banner, "Luftschutz". The helmet has two groups of seven "salt & pepper" ventilation holes to either side of the crown. All three of the small, flat headed, liner retaining rivets are intact. The helmet has an embossed, horizontal, beaded rim between the crown and the visor/neck guard. The visor/neck guard has a semi-circular "ear" cut-out and a brazed vertical seam to either side. Complete original liner and chinstrap. Size marked 56. Nice helmet. Formed in late 1932 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband, (German Air Protection League), was a voluntary organization designed to provide civil air raid protection in large civilian centers. Shortly after Hitler ascension to power the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was restructured and placed under the supervision of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium, (National Air Ministry), under the control of Hermann Göring. On April 29TH 1933 the Deutscher Luftschutzverband was renamed RLB, Reichs Luftschutz Bund, (National Air Raid Protection League) and was given status as an official national organization tasked with all aspects of civil air raid defence. The RLB remained a voluntary organization with a small cadre of paid, full-time, uniformed officials to oversee the organizations functions until June 1935 when obligatory service was introduced. Only the most basic uniform and equipment items were supplied to the cadre personnel, with the rest having to be bought personally by members. On September 26TH 1938 a specific helmet for RLB personnel was introduced that incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. These helmets commonly called the "Gladiator" style were supplemented with M35, M40 and M42 helmets that also incorporated a raised horizontal "bead" between the visors and crown. The Luftschutz also utilized a variety of captured helmets.

LOT OF 5 COMBAT HELMETS GERMAN BRITISH SWISS

Lot #835 (Sale Order 952 of 952)

Lot of 5 Combat helmets to include 1) Swiss M-71 Alpenflage Camo Covered Helmet with Liner and Chinstrap. 2) Post WWII East German M56 DDR Helmet with liner and chinstrap. 3) WWII US Civil Defense Helmet with Liner and Chinstrap. 4) Swiss M-71 Alpenflage Camo Covered Helmet with Liner and Chinstrap. 5) WWII British / Dutch MKII Helmet and Liner.


FALL PREMIER MILITARY AUCTION
Guns & Military Artifacts > Milestone Auctions > FALL PREMIER MILITARY AUCTION
FALL PREMIER MILITARY AUCTION
by Milestone Auctions Sat, Oct 10, 2020 10:00 AM Eastern MILESTONE AUCTIONS PROUDLY PRESENTS FALL PREMIER MILITARIA AUCTION 900 + LOTS OF MILITARY COLLECTIBLES FROM THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR TO MODERN TIMES. HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE a 3 TIER BIRGE & PECK CLOCK WITH THE BATTLE OF MEXICO, CIVIL WAR SWORDS, IMAGES, ACCOUTREMENTS, and a ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND GOLD CORPS BADGE; a HUGE COLLECTION OF IMPERIAL GERMAN VETERANS STEINS and PIPES; IMPERIAL AUSTRIAN KRIEGSMARINE SHIP BELL, WW1 and WW2 US GROUPINGS, EDGED WEAPONS, MEDALS, FLAGS, UNIFORMS, INSIGNIA, PATRIOTIC POSTERS and MORE. 400+ LOTS of WW2 NAZI GERMAN ITEMS INCLUDING a WAFFEN SS FIELD CAP, a GERMAN POLICE PANZER TYPE II WRAPPER, A NAZI TRUMPET FLAG with EAGLE, HELMETS, UNIFORMS, SWORDS, BAYONETS, ACCOUTREMENTS and MUCH MUCH MORE. JAPANESE KATANA SWORDS and POLE ARMS, VIETNAM ITEMS and MORE!! SATURDAY OCTOBER 10th 2020 10:00 AM "FULL CATALOG & LIVE BIDDING AVAILABLE THRU" WWW.MILESTONEAUCTIONS.COM LIVEAUCTIONEERS, PROXIBID, & INVALUABLE PHONE BIDS & ABSENTEE BIDS Call 440-527-8060 AUCTION PREVIEW AVAILABLE WEEK OF AUCTION & 8:00 AM AUCTION DAY MILESTONE AUCTIONS GALLERY "NEW LOCATION" 38198 Willoughby Parkway Willoughby, Ohio 44094 (440) 527-8060 milestoneauctions@yahoo.com Auctioneer: Miles King Buyers Premium: 20% Online 17% In-House 3% Added for Credit Card Payments MILESTONE AUCTIONS IS ALWAYS LOOKING FOR QUALITY CONSIGNMENTS! ONE PIECE OR ENTIRE COLLECTIONS!! CALL 440-527-8060 FOR DETAILS